CN107806360A - 光致发光排放系统 - Google Patents

光致发光排放系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107806360A
CN107806360A CN201710775505.9A CN201710775505A CN107806360A CN 107806360 A CN107806360 A CN 107806360A CN 201710775505 A CN201710775505 A CN 201710775505A CN 107806360 A CN107806360 A CN 107806360A
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Prior art keywords
transmitting
vehicle
semiconductor layer
tail pipe
heat
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斯图尔特·C·萨尔特
保罗·肯尼斯·德洛克
达拉·卡摩
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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Ford Global Technologies LLC
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21KNON-ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES USING LUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING ELECTROCHEMILUMINESCENCE; LIGHT SOURCES USING CHARGES OF COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL; LIGHT SOURCES USING SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES AS LIGHT-GENERATING ELEMENTS; LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21K2/00Non-electric light sources using luminescence; Light sources using electrochemiluminescence
    • F21K2/005Non-electric light sources using luminescence; Light sources using electrochemiluminescence excited by infrared radiation using up-conversion
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60QARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/26Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60QARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/26Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic
    • B60Q1/2661Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic mounted on parts having other functions
    • B60Q1/2688Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic mounted on parts having other functions on exhaust pipes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60RVEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R13/00Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes
    • B60R13/04External Ornamental or guard strips; Ornamental inscriptive devices thereon
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/082Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of tailpipe, e.g. with means for mixing air with exhaust for exhaust cooling, dilution or evacuation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/14Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/16Selection of particular materials
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
    • F01N5/02Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/04Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an electric, e.g. electrostatic, device other than a heater
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2260/00Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21LIGHTING
    • F21WINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2104/00Exterior vehicle lighting devices for decorative purposes

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • Lighting Device Outwards From Vehicle And Optical Signal (AREA)
  • Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供了一种车辆排放系统,其包括:尾管,尾管构造成发出第一发射;隔热护罩,隔热护罩邻近尾管定位并且具有护罩基底。半导体层位于护罩基底上并且构造成将第一发射转换为第二发射。包覆成型件定位在半导体层上方。

Description

光致发光排放系统
技术领域
本公开总的来说涉及排放系统,并且更具体地,涉及具有光致发光排放系统的车辆。
背景技术
在车辆中使用的照明系统可提供独特且具有吸引力的外观体验。因此,期望在车辆的某些部分中结合这种照明系统以提供重点照明和功能性照明。
发明内容
根据本发明的一个方面,提供了一种车辆排放系统,其包括尾管,尾管构造成发出第一发射。邻近尾管定位的隔热护罩具有护罩基底。半导体层位于护罩基底上。半导体层构造成将第一发射转换为第二发射。包覆成型件定位在半导体层上方。
根据本发明的另一方面,提供了一种车辆,其包括排放部件,排放部件构造成发出具有大于大约800nm的波长的第一发射。隔热护罩邻近排放部件定位。光源定位在隔热护罩上且构造成吸收第一发射并且发出第二发射。
根据本发明的再一方面,提供了一种车辆,其包括尾管,尾管构造成发出第一发射。隔热护罩邻近尾管定位。半导体层邻近隔热护罩定位并且构造成吸收第一发射并且发出第二发射。
本领域的技术人员在研究以下说明书、权利要求和附图之后,将理解本发明的这些和其它方面、目标和特征。
附图说明
在附图中:
图1为根据一个实施例的具有排放系统的车辆的前部透视图;
图2为根据一个实施例的车辆的后部的透视图;
图3为沿图2的线III截取的排放系统的截面图;以及
图4为根据一个实施例的图3的区域IV的放大视图。
具体实施方式
本发明的额外的特征和益处将在详细说明中阐述,详细说明对于通过实施如下描述中所述的发明结合权利要求和附图的描述或认知的本领域的技术人员来说是显而易见的。
正如本文所使用的,当术语“和/或”用于列举一个或多个物品时,其意味着所列举物品中的任意一个可单独使用,或者所列举物品中的两个或更多可并用。例如,如果一个构造描述为包含部件A、B和/或C,那么,该构造可仅包含A、仅包含B、仅包含C;包含A和B的组合;包含A和C的组合;包含B和C的组合;或包含A、B和C的组合。
在本文中,诸如第一和第二、顶部和底部等的关系术语仅用于将一个实体或动作与另一个实体或动作区分开,并不是需要或暗示在这些实体或动作之间有任何实际的关系或顺序。术语“包括”、“包含”或其任何其它变化旨在覆盖非专用性的内含物,从而过程、方法、物品或包括一系列元件的设备不仅包括这些元件,也可包括对于该过程、方法、物品或设备没有明确列出的或固有的其它元件。在没有更多的约束的情况下,前缀“包括……”的元件不会在过程、方法、物品或包括元件的设备中排除额外的相同元件的存在。
现参考图1至图4,参考数字10大体上指代具有排放系统14的车辆。排放系统14包括尾管18,尾管18定位在车辆10的后部。根据不同的实施例,尾管18可构造成发出第一发射22。隔热护罩26邻近尾管18定位并且包括护罩基底30,护罩基底30限定至少一个表面34。半导体层38构造成转换第一发射22为第二发射42。换句话说,半导体层38构造成吸收第一发射22并且发出第二发射42。可选的包覆成型件46定位在半导体层38上。
现参考图1,如上已经解释的,车辆10包括排放系统14。排放系统14包括多个排放系统部件,排放系统部件包括排气歧管54、排气下管58和催化转化器62、共鸣器66、消声器70和尾管18。根据不同的实施例,排放系统14连接至发动机74。发动机74构造成燃烧燃料和氧气以产生车辆10的运动力。在燃料和氧气的燃烧期间,产生加热的排气并且排气从发动机74传递进入排放系统14。加热的排气朝向尾管18运行穿过排放系统14并且在车辆10的后部的后方喷射出。在操作中,来自排气的热量传递至排放系统部件并导致排放系统部件加热。在持续使用发动机74后并且因此通过排放系统14传递排气的热量,排气排放部件可被加热至高于大约100℃、200℃、300℃、400℃、500℃、600℃或高于大约700℃的温度。由于排放系统14的部件被加热,热辐射可作为第一发射22从部件(例如,尾管18)发出。第一发射22的热辐射可在电磁波谱的红外波段或可见波段。例如,第一发射22的红外的实施例可具有小于大约1500nm、1400nm、1300nm、1200nm、1100nm、1000nm、900nm、800nm或大约750nm的波长。如在下面更详细的描述中解释的,第一发射22(例如,具有足够低的波长的红外光)可被用于激发半导体层38发出第二发射42,第二发射42处于比第一发射22更短的波长(例如,可见光)。
现参考图2,车辆10的后部可包括保险杠80。在所示的实施例中,保险杠80可包括缺口部分,其中在缺口部分中隔热护罩26定位在尾管18上方。隔热护罩26可用于保护保险杠80的材料免受尾管18经历的高温。来自尾管18的热量通过对流热或通过第一发射22传递至隔热护罩26和保险杠80。在隔热护罩26的表面34上定位的可为光源84。根据不同的实施例,光源84可为被动光源。例如,光源84可以不利用电力并且可不包括相关的传统灯光的电气连接和电线。光源84可包括半导体层38和包覆成型件46。光源84构造成相对于车辆10以向下和向后的定向发出第二发射42。例如,光源84可以向下的方式发出第二发射42以照亮在车辆10下方的空间。光源84可定位在隔热护罩26的一部分(例如,如图所示)或隔热护罩26的全部上。应当理解的是,在隔热护罩26上被光源84覆盖的更大的区域可导致车辆10下方空间的照明增加和车辆10的向后的第二发射42的发射增强。
现参考图3和图4,光源84被示出为定位在隔热护罩26上的多层构造。光源84包括约束层(tie layer)92、半导体层38和包覆成型件46。护罩基底30可由金属、聚合物和/或陶瓷材料形成,其构造成抵抗车辆10经受的环境条件以及来自尾管18的高温和辐射(例如,第一发射22)。约束层92定位在护罩基底30的表面34上。约束层92可为粘附材料(例如,透明的或其他的压敏型粘合剂),其构造成将半导体层38连接至表面34。应当理解的是,一个或多个紧固或连接结构可额外使用或替代约束层92使用。例如,约束层92可替代为具有(例如,完整限定的)机械紧固件的光源基底,该机械紧固件构造成连接光源84至隔热护罩26。
如上述解释的,半导体层38构造成发出光。根据不同的实施例,半导体层38可构造成响应于接收激发发射而发出光。半导体层38可包括粘合剂38A和光致发光半导体材料38B。粘合剂38A悬浮光致发光半导体材料38B。粘合剂38A可为光学透明或半透明材料,诸如聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚酯和/或聚氯乙烯也可被使用。光致发光半导体材料38B可包括一个或多个量子点。量子点为纳米级半导体器件,其在所有三个空间维度中紧密限制电子或电子空穴并且可为光致发光的。量子点的光致发光可通过控制量子点的粒径而对特定波长操纵。量子点可具有在大约1nm至大约10nm之间或大约2nm至大约6nm之间的范围的半径或量子点最长长度的一半距离。更大的量子点(例如,5至6nm的半径)发出更长波长的光,导致光的颜色为诸如橙色或红色的颜色。更小的量子点(例如,2至3nm的半径)发出更短波长的光,导致诸如蓝色或绿色的颜色。应当理解的是,由量子点发射的光的波长可取决于量子点的具体成分而不同。量子点通常产生单色光。量子点的示例性成分包括掺杂有(例如,涂布)Yb-Er、Yb-Ho和/或Yb-Tm的LaF3量子点纳米晶体。其它类型的可使用的量子点包括不同类型的四角状量子点和钙钛强化的量子点。应当理解的是,一种或多种类型的量子点可被混合或以其他方式在半导体层38中使用,以达到需要的颜色或第二发射42的色调。
光致发光半导体材料38B的量子点的实施例可构造成响应于激发发射(例如,第一发射22)而发光。根据不同的实施例,量子点可构造成通过增频转换激发光而发光。增频转换通过吸收两个或更多的长波长激发发射的光子而工作。一旦吸收,量子点可发出一个或多个具有比激发发射的波长更短波长的光子。根据不同的实施例,激发发射可为红外光。在这些实施例中,激发发射可具有大约800nm至大约1000nm之间的波长。在具体的实施例中,激发发射可具有大约980nm的波长。选出980nm的波长是因为这些种类的红色、蓝色和绿色发射胶体量子点能够充分吸收该波长的光。光的波长可容易地从加热的发射部件中发出(例如,来自尾管18的第一发射22)。这意味着当被红外光充能或激发并且合适尺寸的量子点被使用时,半导体层38可发出几乎任何颜色,包括白色,除了紫色的色调。
根据不同的实施例,半导体层38可在结构上形成为薄膜。在第一种形成半导体层38的方法中,光致发光半导体材料38B可被直接混合进入粘合剂38A。接下来,半导体材料38B和粘合剂38A的混合物可被挤压成薄片薄膜。另一种产生半导体层38的示例性方法是将半导体材料38B的薄涂层应用至表面。为此,半导体材料38B首先混合进入聚合物或单体的聚合混合物中。接下来,混合物作为薄膜层随后被旋转涂布、喷涂或其他方式覆盖至表面(例如,薄膜、基底或车辆部件的表面)上方。单体混合物在该应用后可在表面上被聚合(固化)。使用该途径,如果使用可溶性有机半导体材料38B,则重要的是确保聚合物或单体混合物为亲脂性的(非极性的)。相反地,如果使用水溶性光致发光半导体材料38B,则聚合物或单体可为亲水的(水溶性的)。
继续参考图3和图4,包覆成型件46被安置在半导体层38上。在一些实施例中,包覆成型件46可包括塑料、硅或聚氨酯材料并且模制在半导体层38上。优选地,包覆成型件46应至少部分透光。以此方式,包覆成型件46将被半导体层38的第二发射42照亮。另外地,通过使用包覆成型件46包覆密封,还可达到保护半导体层38的功能。包覆成型件46可被布置为平面形状和/或弧形形状,以在处于照明状态时增强其观看可能性。光源84可从薄层设计中受益,因此有助于安装到车辆10的小型封装空间中。
光源84的包覆成型件46还可包括光学器件100,光学器件100构造成将从半导体层38发出的第二发射42引导朝向预先限定的位置。例如,第二发射42可被引导和/或聚焦朝向邻近车辆10的后部的需要的构件和/或位置(例如,尾管18、车辆10后方、车辆10下方等)。进一步地,包覆成型件46可限定标记104。标记104可包括标志、字母数字文字、图片或构造成赋予意义的其他形状。标记104可被第二发射42照亮。
在操作中,光源84被构造成被动地照亮尾管18、车辆10的下方以及后方的空间。当尾管18温度增加(例如,通过吸收来自排气的热量)时,尾管18达到充足高的温度以开始释放作为第一发射22的热辐射。当第一发射22从尾管18发出并且穿过包覆成型件46且接触半导体层38时,半导体层38被激发并且发出第二发射42。处于更长波长的(例如,小于800纳米、小于700纳米、小于600纳米、小于500纳米、小于400纳米)第二发射42对于人眼来说作为照明是可见的。
本公开的使用可提供不同的益处。首先,结合半导体层38的光源84的使用可提供尾管18、车辆10下方的空间和/或车辆10的后方的被动照明。被动照明可能是有益的,因为可以无需电线或者传递电能的其他方法,从而达到提供尾管18的美观照明的目的。进一步地,在车辆10的后部上的额外照明可对车辆10提供增强的安全性。第二,只要尾管18处于足够的温度,则光源84可持续工作。由此,可以实现车辆10上降低的电力负荷。第三,结合半导体层38的光源84可被应用于沿着排放系统14定位的任何隔热护罩,从而被动照明可在沿着车辆10的不同的点上实现。例如,光源84和/或半导体层38可应用至整个排放系统14以对车辆10提供美观和安全增强的底部的光。第四,由于车辆10的后部经常暴露在恶劣的环境条件下(例如,水、尘土、路面尘垢、岩石、高温等),电灯的替换和相关的电力连接被证明是困难的。应用本公开的被动光源84和半导体层38可允许用于车辆10的后部和底部的稳健和机械简单的照明源。
对于本领域的技术人员和制造或使用本公开的人员而言,可对本公开进行修改。因此,应当理解的是,附图所示和如上所述的实施例仅为说明目的,而非限制本公开的范围,在根据包括等同原则的专利法的原则解释时,本公开的范围由以下权利要求限定。
本领域技术人员应当理解,所述的公开和其他部件的结构不局限于任何特定材料。本文公开的本公开其他示例性实施例可以由多种材料形成,除非本公开另有描述。
出于公开的目的,术语“连接”通常表示两个部件直接或间接相互接合(电气的或机械的)。这种接合本质上是固定的或者本质上是活动的。这种接合可以由这两个部件(电气的或机械的)和任何中间部件来实现,这些中间部件彼此集成为单一整体或者中间部件可以与上述两个部件集成为单一整体。这种接合本质上是永久性的或者本质上是可拆卸的或可释放的,除非另有规定。
还应当注意,示例性实施例中所示的本公开部件的结构和设置仅是示例性的。尽管本公开中仅详细描述了一些本公开的实施例,但是本领域技术人员阅读过本公开后可以很容易地意识到,在不实质性偏离所述主题的教导和优势的情形下,可以有多种变形(例如,改变多种部件的大小、尺寸、结构、形状和比例,参数值,安装方式,材料的使用,颜色,定向等)。例如,示出为整体形成的构件可以由多个部件构成,或者示出为多个部件的构件可以整体形成;接触面的操作可以颠倒或做出其它改变;结构件和/或构件的长度或宽度、或者系统中的连接器或其它构件均可以改变;构件之间的调整位置的种类或数量也可以改变。应当注意,系统的部件和/或组件可以由可提供足够的强度或耐用性的多种材料中的任一种构成,该材料可以具有多种颜色、质地和组合。因此,所有的这些变形均包括在本公开的范围之内。可以对期望的以及其它示例性实施例在设计、操作条件、布置方式作出其它替代、修改、变化和省略,而不偏离本公开的精神。
应该理解,所述工艺中任何所述工序或步骤可以与其它公开的工序或步骤相结合以形成本公开范围内结构。本文公开的示例性结构和工序均是出于示例性的目的并且不应视为限定。
还应该理解,在不背离本公开构思的情况下,可以对上述结构和方法进行变化和修改,并且可以进一步理解,除非另外指定,否则这些构思被权利要求所覆盖。此外,如下所述的权利要求可结合到具体实施方式中并且为具体实施方式的组成部分。

Claims (20)

1.一种车辆排放系统,包括:
尾管,所述尾管构造成发出第一发射;
隔热护罩,所述隔热护罩邻近所述尾管定位并且具有护罩基底;
半导体层,所述半导体层位于所述护罩基底上并且构造成将所述第一发射转换为第二发射;以及
包覆成型件,所述包覆成型件定位在所述半导体层上方。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车辆排放系统,其中,所述半导体层包括多个量子点。
3.根据权利要求2所述的车辆排放系统,其中,所述多个量子点悬浮在聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯中。
4.根据权利要求1所述的车辆排放系统,其中,所述包覆成型件是至少部分透明的。
5.根据权利要求1所述的车辆排放系统,其中,所述第二发射朝向所述尾管发出。
6.根据权利要求1所述的车辆排放系统,其中,所述第一发射具有大于大约800nm的波长,并且所述第二发射具有小于大约800nm的波长。
7.根据权利要求1所述的车辆排放系统,其中,所述半导体层定位在所述隔热护罩和所述尾管之间。
8.根据权利要求1所述的车辆排放系统,其中,所述包覆成型件限定光学器件,所述光学器件构造成成形所述第二发射。
9.一种车辆,包括:
排放部件,所述排放部件构造成发出具有大于大约800nm的波长的第一发射;
隔热护罩,所述隔热护罩邻近所述排放部件定位;以及
光源,所述光源定位在所述隔热护罩上且构造成吸收所述第一发射并且发出第二发射。
10.根据权利要求9所述的车辆,其中,所述第一发射具有比所述第二发射更长的波长。
11.根据权利要求9所述的车辆,其中,所述光源包括半导体层。
12.根据权利要求11所述的车辆,其中,包覆成型件限定标记,所述标记构造成被所述第二发射照亮。
13.根据权利要求12所述的车辆,其中,所述半导体层包括多个量子点。
14.根据权利要求13所述的车辆,其中,所述包覆成型件定位在所述半导体层上并且是至少部分透明的。
15.根据权利要求9所述的车辆,其中,所述第二发射构造成照亮所述车辆的下方的空间。
16.一种车辆,包括:
尾管,所述尾管构造成发出第一发射;
隔热护罩,所述隔热护罩邻近所述尾管定位;以及
半导体层,所述半导体层邻近所述隔热护罩定位并且构造成吸收所述第一发射并且发出第二发射。
17.根据权利要求16所述的车辆,其中,所述第一发射具有比所述第二发射更长的波长。
18.根据权利要求17所述的车辆,其中,所述第二发射具有小于大约800nm的波长。
19.根据权利要求18所述的车辆,其中,所述半导体层包括多个量子点。
20.根据权利要求19所述的车辆,其中,所述尾管被所述第二发射照亮。
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