CN107801836A - The preparation method and purposes of a kind of ruminant feed - Google Patents
The preparation method and purposes of a kind of ruminant feed Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107801836A CN107801836A CN201711195019.6A CN201711195019A CN107801836A CN 107801836 A CN107801836 A CN 107801836A CN 201711195019 A CN201711195019 A CN 201711195019A CN 107801836 A CN107801836 A CN 107801836A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- bacterium solution
- complex microorganism
- preparation
- microorganism bacterium
- feed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 18
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Classifications
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- A23K30/10—Processes specially adapted for preservation of materials in order to produce animal feeding-stuffs of green fodder
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/113—Acidophilus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
- A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
- A23V2400/165—Paracasei
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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Abstract
The invention belongs to livestock feed field, relate more specifically to the preparation method and purposes of a kind of ruminant feed.A kind of preparation method of ruminant feed, complex microorganism bacterium solution is made, ensilage is obtained with complex microorganism bacterium solution fermentation materials.The preparation method of ruminant feed provided by the invention uses compound microorganism ferments ensilage, improves digestion and utilization rate of the ruminant to ensiling material, improves ox gut flora, pre- anti-diarrhea, promotes nutrient absorption；Ruminant feed provided by the invention is natural, the nontoxic, generation that has no side effect, will not cause drug resistance, will not cause environmental pollution, and the advantages that growth of animal and weightening, enhancing human body immune function can be promoted, mortality of animals is reduced, improve food conversion ratio with animal feeding benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to livestock feed field, relate more specifically to the preparation method and use of a kind of ruminant feed
On the way.
Background technology
The use of some growth promotion health-care agents has promoted the fast development of animal husbandry in feed industry and livestock breeding industry, but
The development again to human health and feed industry brings many potential threats simultaneously.Abuse of antibiotics is led in livestock-raising at present
A series of problems and consequence are caused, such as causes livestock products drug residue serious, is directly detrimental to health, and make China
Animal products faces thick-and-thin, every year by huge economic loss, also results in livestock and poultry in addition when entering international market
Product quality go fromes bad to worse, and lacks the market competitiveness.
In view of present in above-mentioned livestock-raising the drawbacks of such as use of antibiotic etc additive, industry is to food
Require to quality also more harsh.The firm measure that countries in the world each take disabling to antibiotic or limitation uses, such as Europe
Alliance all disabled antibiotic from 2006, and the World Health Organization (WHO) proposes " reduces antibiotic usage in edible animal
Global principle ", China have been turned on " feed safety engineering ", and have disabled a collection of toxicity and remain larger medicine.
Consumer in face of countries in the world is to food " safe and healthy, nutrition " and the strong request of back to nature, researcher
Active development green feed additive or green growth promotion health-care agent, new green microorganism is found and studies positive
Add agent feedstuff.But such microbe additive feed of in the market is typically mostly to use Bacillus acidi lactici, saccharomycete or gemma bar
Single bacterium preparation made from single culture in bacterium, function is single, and viable bacteria content is low in product, and production technology and equipment relatively fall behind,
The living bacterial cells time-to-live is short, inferior quality, and living contaminants is serious, and using effect is undesirable, unstable.
Ruminant feed provided by the invention uses complex micro organism fungicide fermentation materials, and is mixed thing and is made
Ruminant feed, mixed microorganism microbial inoculum is stable compared to single bacterium preparation microbiologic population, symplastic growth between bacterium, promotees
Enter secondary metabolite generation；Ensilage is made using complex micro organism fungicide fermentation materials, the nutrition of material can be kept
Composition, the nutrition in material is fixed by microbial fermentation, and new nutrient can be produced, suitable ruminant digestion is inhaled
Receive.
The content of the invention
The invention belongs to livestock feed field, relate more specifically to the preparation method and use of a kind of ruminant feed
On the way.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of ruminant feed, makes compound
Microbial inoculum, ensilage is obtained with complex microorganism bacterium solution fermentation materials.
Further, the preparation method includes：
Step 1: taking complex microorganism bacterium solution to add protective agent, complex microorganism bacterium solution is 5 with protective agent mass ratio：
1, it is mixed evenly, acquisition viable count >=2.0 × 109cfu/ grams, the complex microorganism bacterium solution of water point≤25%；
Step 2: take material chopping, be sealed and stored in accommodation chamber, accommodation chamber can be in horizental silo, moat or tower, to accommodating
Complex microorganism bacterium solution described in embodiment 1, corn stalk, sweet potato vine, the quality of napier grass and complex microorganism bacterium solution are added in room
Than for 50：25：20：5, ferment 10-15 days, after compost fully ferments, done on fluid bed or other drying equipments
Dry, drying temperature is controlled at 60 DEG C, is dried to the ensilage after moisture is fermented below 5%；
Step 3: soya-bean cake, cotton cake, bone meal, salt, vitamin A, vitamin are added into the ensilage after fermentation
D3, vitamin E, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, copper sulphate, zinc sulfate, KI, sodium selenite, cobalt chloride, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, carbonic acid
Feed substrate is made in calcium, fatty powder, sodium Diacetate；
Step 4: adding urea into feed substrate, amount of urea is no more than the 1% of feed substrate, is stirred after mixing equal
It is even, phagostimulant is added into feed substrate, phagostimulant is that frankincense element and/or whey powder, phagostimulant dosage are no more than feed substrate
5%, add amylase into feed substrate, crushed after above-mentioned raw materials are uniformly mixed, after crushing cross the mesh sieve of 80 mesh -100, obtain
Obtain mixed feed.
Further, the protective agent is made by mixing by lactose powder, trehalose, and lactose powder is 2 with trehalose mass ratio:1.
Further, the material include but is not limited to corn stalk, herbage, sweet potato vine, alfalfa, daghestan sweet clover,
Prairie milk vetch, clover, feeding soybean, pumpkin Teng and watermelon Teng.
Preferably, the material includes corn stalk, sweet potato vine and napier grass, corn stalk, sweet potato vine, napier grass with it is compound micro-
The mass ratio of biological bacterium solution is 50：25：20：5.
It is highly preferred that the complex microorganism bacterium solution include lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus reuteri, bacillus licheniformis,
Pediococcus acidilactici, lactic acid streptococcus fecalis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus paracasei, Rhodopseudomonas palustris.
Further, the complex microorganism bacterium solution is fermented through single strain obtains zymocyte liquid, and fermentation is originated with culture medium
PH is controlled 6~7；Cultivation temperature is controlled at 30~35 DEG C, and incubation time is defined by fermentation termination pH5~5.5, fermentation ends
Afterwards, lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus reuteri, bacillus licheniformis, Pediococcus acidilactici, lactic acid streptococcus fecalis, wine brewing ferment are taken respectively
The whole zymotic fluid of mother, Lactobacillus paracasei, Rhodopseudomonas palustris carries out centrifugal concentrating, and concentrate is pressed into following weight percents
Than being configured to complex microorganism bacterium solution：
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The preparation method of ruminant feed provided by the invention uses complex microorganism
Ferment ensilage, improves digestion and utilization rate of the ruminant to ensiling material, improves ox gut flora, pre- anti-diarrhea, promotees
Enter nutrient absorption；Ruminant feed provided by the invention is natural, the nontoxic, generation that has no side effect, drug resistance will not be caused,
Environmental pollution will not be caused, and growth of animal and weightening, enhancing human body immune function can be promoted, mortality of animals is reduced, carry
The advantages that high feed conversion rate and animal feeding benefit.
Embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention is made into one below in conjunction with accompanying drawing
It is described in detail on step ground.
Embodiment 1：The preparation of compound microorganism ferments liquid
It is as follows to buy strain to be tested：
Lactobacillus acidophilus (Lactobacillus acidophilus)：Purchased from theory of evolution Yi He Bioisystech Co., Ltd；
Lactobacillus rhamnosus (Lactobacillus rhamnosus)：Purchased from Chinese industrial Microbiological Culture Collection management
Center (CICC)；
Lactobacillus reuteri (Lactobacillus reuteri)：In being managed purchased from Chinese industrial Microbiological Culture Collection
The heart (CICC)；
Bacillus licheniformis (Bacillus licheniformis)：Purchased from Cangzhou Hua Yu bio tech ltd；
Pediococcus acidilactici (Pediococcus acidilacticii)：Purchased from China General Microbiological culture presevation management
Center (CGMCC)；
Lactic acid streptococcus fecalis (Streptococcus faecalis)：Purchased from North Sea Qiang Xing bio tech ltd；
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)：Purchased from Chinese industrial Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center
(CICC)；
Lactobacillus paracasei (Lactobacillus paracasei)：Purchased from Chinese industrial Microbiological Culture Collection management
Center (CICC)；
Rhodopseudomonas palustris (Hodopseudomonas palustris)：Purchased from Chinese agriculture Microbiological Culture Collection
Administrative center (ACCC)；
By above-mentioned bacterium rejuvenation：By the preservation of bacteria strain of above-mentioned strain using the method for streak inoculation in LB plating mediums
On, cultivated 18 hours in 30 DEG C, make rejuvenation of spawn, and form single bacterium colony.By above-mentioned bacterium by testing enzyme activity, to salmonella
Etc. (Salmonella) suppression of harmful bacteria, lactic acid producing, to sour environment, the test of the project such as tolerance of bile, filter out
The high bacterial strain of activity, and the safety testings such as toxicology are carried out to strain, antagonistic effect, just sift out strain excellent acidophilus breast bar
Bacterium, lactobacillus reuteri, bacillus licheniformis, Pediococcus acidilactici, lactic acid streptococcus fecalis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus paracasei, natural pond
Damp red pseudomonas.
The bacterial strain of primary dcreening operation is combined, carries out spot effect experiment, by growing state, the analysis of observing cultivated animals
Secondary screening goes out microbial inoculum formula the methods of SOD in animal wastes, measure serum.Fermented through single strain and obtain zymocyte liquid；Fermentation is trained
Base starting pH controls are supported 6~7；Cultivation temperature is controlled at 30~35 DEG C；Incubation time is defined by fermentation termination pH5~5.5；Hair
After ferment terminates, take respectively lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus reuteri, bacillus licheniformis, Pediococcus acidilactici, lactic acid streptococcus fecalis,
The whole zymotic fluid of saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus paracasei, Rhodopseudomonas palustris carries out centrifugal concentrating, by concentrate by following heavy
Amount percentage is configured to complex microorganism bacterium solution：
Take the protective agent that complex microorganism bacterium solution adds lactose powder, trehalose is made by mixing, lactose powder：Trehalose mass ratio
For 2:1, complex microorganism bacterium solution is 5 with protective agent mass ratio：1, it is mixed evenly.It is final obtain viable count be more than 2.0 ×
109Cfu/ grams, the complex microorganism bacterium solution of water point≤25%.
Embodiment 2：Ensilage fermentation
Corn stalk, sweet potato vine, napier grass is taken to shred, be sealed and stored in accommodation chamber, accommodation chamber can be horizental silo, moat or tower
It is interior, complex microorganism bacterium solution described in embodiment 1, corn stalk, sweet potato vine, napier grass and composite microbial bacteria are added into accommodation chamber
The mass ratio of liquid is 50：25：20：5, ferment 10-15 days, after compost fully ferments, in fluid bed or other drying equipments
On be dried, drying temperature control at 60 DEG C, be dried to the ensilage after moisture is fermented below 5%.
Embodiment 3：The preparation of microbial fermentation antibiotic-free feed
Soya-bean cake, cotton cake, bone meal, salt, vitamin A, vitamine D3, vitamin are added into the ensilage after fermentation
E, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, copper sulphate, zinc sulfate, KI, sodium selenite, cobalt chloride, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, calcium carbonate, fat
Feed substrate is made in powder, sodium Diacetate, is respectively by mass fraction：
Urea is added into feed substrate, amount of urea is no more than the 1% of feed substrate, stirred after mixing.To feeding
Phagostimulant is added in material substrate, phagostimulant is frankincense element and/or whey powder, and phagostimulant dosage is no more than the 5% of feed substrate, breast
Fragrant element (trade name)：As a kind of flavor enhancement, improve the smell of substitute breast milk, lure that calf searches for food into, it is limited by Sichuan people's livelihood medicine company
Company produces.Whey powder (trade name)：It is the byproduct of cheese product, there is special frankincense taste, can lures that ox searches for food into,
Main component is lactose and protein, and lactose can substitute carbohydrate as the best heat energy source of ox, wherein containing egg
The utilization rate of white matter is also very high, is produced by Sichuan people's livelihood pharmaceutcal corporation, Ltd, is stirred after mixing.Added into feed substrate
Amylase, because ox is relatively low to the digestibility of starch, mainly due to amylase is lacked, ox can be improved to forming sediment by adding amylase
Powder is digested and assimilated, while can also reduce the incidence of ox diarrhoea.Will above-mentioned material mix after crush, after crushing cross 80 mesh-
100 mesh sieves, obtain ruminant feed.
Embodiment 4：Feeding effect is tested
Test and carried out in the pasture of Shanghai City the 9th, experimental period is 4 months.4 monthly age ox 45 is selected to be used as subjects.Press
Packet is matched according to the principle of body weight, date of birth, adjoining dimensions, every group 15, is divided into test group 1, test group 2 and test group 3.
1 main diet group of test group turns into ruminant feed described in embodiment 3, and it is commercially available anti-that 2 main diet group of test group turns into certain
Hay animal feed, 3 main diet group of test group turns into traditional ensilage, in whole experimental period, three groups of test group daily ration battalion
Foster component content is consistent.Free water, and situations such as observe the feeding of calf, disease.After on-test, all oxen of participating in the experiment
Weighed respectively in the 1st day, 30,60,90 days empty stomaches, calculate average daily gain and record ox incidence of participating in the experiment, be specifically shown in Table 1.
Table 1, feeding effect test
As it can be seen from table 1 during whole experiment, test group 1 shows more superior than test group 2, test group 3
The speed of growth, wherein average daily gain are than more than 2 0.19 kilograms of test group, and average daily gain is than more than 3 0.63 kilograms of test group, weightening
Significant effect.Body weight is tested three times, and test group 1 all ensure that higher than test group 2, test group 3, this explanation ruminant feed
The good of ox grows, and its gaining effect is significantly better than traditional calf rearing pattern, also superior to common commercially available ruminant
Use feed.
Above disclosure is only preferred embodiment of present invention, can not limit the right model of the present invention with this certainly
Enclose, therefore the equivalent variations made according to the claims in the present invention, still belong to the scope that the present invention is covered.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of preparation method of ruminant feed, it is characterised in that make complex microorganism bacterium solution, use complex microorganism
Bacterium solution fermentation materials obtain ensilage.
2. preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the preparation method includes：
Step 1: taking complex microorganism bacterium solution to add protective agent, complex microorganism bacterium solution is 5 with protective agent mass ratio：1, mix
With uniform, acquisition viable count >=2.0 × 109Cfu/ grams, the complex microorganism bacterium solution of water point≤25%；
Step 2: taking material chopping, being sealed and stored in accommodation chamber, accommodation chamber can be in horizental silo, moat or tower, into accommodation chamber
Complex microorganism bacterium solution described in embodiment 1 is added, corn stalk, sweet potato vine, the mass ratio of napier grass and complex microorganism bacterium solution are
50：25：20：5, ferment 10-15 days, after compost fully ferments, be dried on fluid bed or other drying equipments, done
Dry temperature control is dried to the ensilage after moisture is fermented below 5% at 60 DEG C；
Step 3: soya-bean cake, cotton cake, bone meal, salt, vitamin A, vitamine D3, dimension are added into the ensilage after fermentation
Raw plain E, ferrous sulfate, manganese sulfate, copper sulphate, zinc sulfate, KI, sodium selenite, cobalt chloride, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, calcium carbonate, fat
Feed substrate is made in fat powder, sodium Diacetate；
Step 4: adding urea into feed substrate, amount of urea is no more than the 1% of feed substrate, is stirred after mixing, to
Phagostimulant is added in feed substrate, phagostimulant is frankincense element and/or whey powder, and phagostimulant dosage is no more than the 5% of feed substrate,
Amylase is added into feed substrate, is crushed after above-mentioned raw materials are uniformly mixed, the mesh sieve of 80 mesh -100 is crossed after crushing, is obtained compound
Feed.
3. according to any described preparation method of claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the protective agent is by lactose powder, trehalose
It is made by mixing, lactose powder is 2 with trehalose mass ratio:1.
4. according to any described preparation methods of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that the material includes but is not limited to corn stalk
Bar, herbage, sweet potato vine, alfalfa, daghestan sweet clover, prairie milk vetch, clover, feeding soybean, pumpkin Teng and watermelon Teng.
5. preparation method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the material include corn stalk, sweet potato vine and as
Grass, corn stalk, sweet potato vine, the mass ratio of napier grass and complex microorganism bacterium solution are 50：25：20：5.
6. according to any described preparation methods of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that the complex microorganism bacterium solution includes acidophilus
Lactobacillus, lactobacillus reuteri, bacillus licheniformis, Pediococcus acidilactici, lactic acid streptococcus fecalis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, secondary cheese breast bar
Bacterium, Rhodopseudomonas palustris.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the complex microorganism bacterium solution obtains through single strain fermentation
Zymocyte liquid is obtained, fermentation is with culture medium starting pH controls 6~7；Cultivation temperature control is at 30~35 DEG C, and incubation time is to ferment
Terminal pH5~5.5 are defined, and after fermentation ends, take lactobacillus acidophilus, lactobacillus reuteri, bacillus licheniformis, lactic acid sheet respectively
The whole zymotic fluid of coccus, lactic acid streptococcus fecalis, saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lactobacillus paracasei, Rhodopseudomonas palustris centrifuge dense
Contracting, complex microorganism bacterium solution is configured to by concentrate by following percentage by weights：
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Application publication date: 20180316 |