CN107751067B - Breeding method of all-male macrobrachium rosenbergii - Google Patents
Breeding method of all-male macrobrachium rosenbergii Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/195—Antibiotics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a breeding method of all-male macrobrachium rosenbergii. According to the breeding method, different feeds are put in according to the growth requirements of the macrobrachium rosenbergii in different breeding stages, so that the maturation of the pseudofemale macrobrachium rosenbergii parents is promoted, and the breeding period is effectively shortened; meanwhile, the survival rate of the all-male macrobrachium rosenbergii seedlings is improved, and a large amount of all-male macrobrachium rosenbergii seedlings are obtained; in addition, the selenium content in the shrimp meat is improved, and the nutritional quality of the macrobrachium rosenbergii is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture, in particular to a breeding method of all-male macrobrachium rosenbergii.
Background
Macrobrachium rosenbergii (Macrobrachium rosenbergii), also called freshwater brachium Macrobrachium nipponensis and Malaysia Asian Macrobrachium nipponensis, is originally produced in tropical and subtropical waters of the Indian ocean-Pacific ocean, is one of the largest-sized freshwater shrimps in the world, and has the advantages of quick growth, large individual, wide eating habits, easy domestication, strong adaptability, short production period and the like. In the traditional method for culturing macrobrachium rosenbergii in China, the male and female shrimp fries are mixed and cultured together, the female shrimps begin to sexually mature and embrace eggs after 2-3 months of fry casting, and the female shrimps generally do not grow meat any more and the eaten nutrition is distributed to the eggs. Although the male macrobrachium rosenbergii cannot hold eggs and the individual is larger than the female macrobrachium rosenbergii, when the male and female macrobrachium rosenbergii are mixed and cultured, the male macrobrachium rosenbergii can consume nutrition by mating, and the growth speed and the individual specification are limited to a certain extent. The all-male macrobrachium rosenbergii has no problems of mating and nutrition loss, the advantage of monosomy is kept, and the macrobrachium rosenbergii can grow more or less meat by eating a lot of materials, so that the advantages of quick growth and large individual can be fully embodied after sexual maturity.
The sex of the macrobrachium rosenbergii can completely control the androgen transformation of the early male shrimp larvae through microsurgery, and the success of the transformation operation generates complete sex function transformation, so that the macrobrachium rosenbergii becomes new and female shrimps (the phenotype is female shrimps but carries male genes) and has female gonads. Since male macrobrachium rosenbergii carries two identical homologous chromosomes (ZZ), the transformed macrobrachium rosenbergii, like other studied lobsters and shrimps, can produce 100% male offspring. However, it is often difficult to transplant the gonads clean at a time using microsurgery, resulting in a low number of pseudo-female shrimps.
Chinese patent application (CN105647973A) provides a method for regulating the sex of female and male macrobrachium rosenbergii, which is completed by reducing or silencing the expression level of sex protein or derivative protein of the sequence SEQIDNO:1 in the macrobrachium rosenbergii before the period from the embryonic development period of the macrobrachium rosenbergii to the post-embryonic development late larval period. Directional sex control is carried out by an RNA interference technology and a gene expression regulation technology, so that sex reversal of the shrimps can be induced, but the problem of low induction rate exists.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method for breeding all-male macrobrachium rosenbergii. According to the breeding method, different feeds are put in according to the growth requirements of the macrobrachium rosenbergii in different breeding stages, so that the maturation of the pseudofemale macrobrachium rosenbergii parents is promoted, and the breeding period is effectively shortened; meanwhile, the survival rate of the all-male macrobrachium rosenbergii seedlings is improved, and a large amount of all-male macrobrachium rosenbergii seedlings are obtained; in addition, the selenium content in the shrimp meat is improved, and the nutritional quality of the macrobrachium rosenbergii is improved.
The invention is realized by the following scheme:
a breeding method of all-male macrobrachium rosenbergii comprises the following steps:
s1, breeding the bred pseudo female shrimps at 26-28 ℃, feeding the pseudo female shrimps with a feed I, feeding the pseudo female shrimps for 14-20 days until gonads of the pseudo female shrimps are mature, and mating and fertilizing the pseudo female shrimps with strong physique, complete appendages and mature gonads of the pseudo female shrimps;
s2, after the female and male shrimps are mated and fertilized in the step S1, putting the egg-carrying female shrimps at the temperature of 28-30 ℃, feeding feed II for 16-20 days until the color of the abdominal embryos of the egg-carrying female shrimps is changed from light yellow to light gray or gray, and the embryos grow to daphnia-shaped larvae, injecting seawater, controlling the salinity to be 7-9 per thousand and controlling the water temperature to be 29-32 ℃;
s3, after culturing the daphnia-shaped nauplii of the full-male macrobrachium rosenbergii for 7-11 days in the step S2, transferring the nauplii into a larva culturing tank, controlling the salinity of water in the larva culturing tank to be 1.2-1.6%, controlling the water temperature to be 28-32 ℃, and feeding feed III after three days;
s4, after the macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae are cultured for 20-22 days in the step S3, desalting, transferring the macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae into a seedling raising pond, controlling the water temperature to be 26-28 ℃, and feeding a feed IV.
Preferably, the feed I in the step S1 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of soybean meal, 30-50 parts of shrimp shell powder, 1-1.5 parts of betaine, 1-5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5-10 parts of selenium-enriched yeast and 5-10 parts of an additive.
Preferably, the additive consists of baicalin, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone and 5-hydroxytryptamine in a weight ratio of 3:2: 1.
Preferably, the feed II in the step S2 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of fish meal, 15-25 parts of bone meal, 10-12 parts of soybean meal, 5-8 parts of mannan oligosaccharide and 10-15 parts of selenium-enriched wheat flour.
Preferably, the feed III in the step S3 consists of the fairy shrimp, the egg custard and the papain in a weight ratio of 3:2: 1.
Preferably, the water in the nursery pond of the step S4 is treated by an aquaculture ozone culture system: firstly, filtering water through a microfilter containing sponge and activated carbon, then carrying out sand filtration, directly discharging 1/3 volume of water into a mixing tank through a valve after the sand filtration, carrying out ozone treatment on the residual 2/3 volume of water through an ozone generator, discharging the water subjected to the ozone treatment into the mixing tank through the valve, mixing the water directly discharged into the mixing tank after the sand filtration, adding 5-8 ppm of EDTA and 10-15 ppm of Na2S2O3Aerating the mixed water in an aeration tank for 6-8h, biochemically filtering the aerated water through a biological filter containing nitrobacteria, and discharging the biochemically filtered water into a breeding tank; and (3) not treating the water for the first three days after the full-male macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae are put in, and treating 1/5-2/5 of water in the nursery pond every day on the fourth day after the macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae are put in.
Preferably, the feed IV in the step S4 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of shrimp meal, 10-30 parts of fairy shrimp, 20-30 parts of selenium-enriched yeast, 1-5 parts of ferment powder and 0.1-0.5 part of ginsenoside.
Preferably, the feed IV in the step S4 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of shrimp meal, 35 parts of fairy shrimp, 25 parts of selenium-enriched yeast, 4.5 parts of ferment powder and 0.5 part of ginsenoside.
The breeding of the giant freshwater prawn parent pseudo-female prawn is obtained according to a sex regulation method of giant freshwater prawn in Chinese patent application (CN 105647973A).
According to the invention, baicalin, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone and 5-hydroxytryptamine are added into the feed I. The baicalin is a flavonoid compound extracted from the scutellaria baicalensis georgi of the Labiatae, is one of effective components of the scutellaria baicalensis georgi, has various pharmacological actions such as antibiosis, antiphlogosis and the like, and has the advantages of low alcohol content, low pollution, difficult generation of drug resistance and the like, so the baicalin is applied to the disease prevention and treatment of various aquatic animals. The research proves that the 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone has obvious promotion effect on the development of the ovary cells and the accumulation of yolk of prawns or other crustaceans. 5-hydroxytryptamine, also known as serotonin, is involved in various physiological processes such as pigment migration, reproductive activity, molting activity, skeletal muscle contraction and blood glucose concentration of crustaceans. The technical personnel of the invention find that the feed I can promote the maturation of the parent pseudofemale shrimps and shorten the breeding cycle.
The feed II mainly comprises fish meal, bone meal, bean pulp and selenium-enriched wheat flour, and meets the nutritional requirements of the egg-laying female shrimps; the feed II also contains the mannooligosaccharide which can improve the digestion capability of the egg-carrying female shrimps on crude protein, crude fat and crude fiber, thereby improving the utilization rate of the feed II.
The feed III consists of the artemia, the egg custard and the papain in a weight ratio of 3:2: 1.
The feed IV comprises shrimp meal, fairy shrimp, selenium-enriched yeast, ferment powder and ginsenoside. The method not only can improve the survival rate of the all-male shrimp seedlings, but also can improve the selenium content in the shrimp meat and improve the nutritional quality of the macrobrachium rosenbergii.
In addition, the invention can be used for treating the aquatic ozone culture system in the fry pond, and effectively prevent the invasion of microorganisms, viruses and the like in water to the fry.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical advantages:
(1) the breeding method can effectively promote the maturation of the parent pseudofemale shrimps, and shortens the breeding cycle;
(2) the all-male shrimp obtained by the breeding method has high survival rate, realizes the mass obtaining of all-male shrimp seedlings, improves the selenium content in shrimp meat, and improves the nutritional quality of the macrobrachium rosenbergii.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples. It should be noted that the following description is only an illustration of the claimed technical solutions, and does not limit these technical solutions in any way. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims.
5-hydroxytryptamine available from Shanghai-research Biotechnology Ltd; selenium-enriched yeast and soybean meal are purchased from Zhengzhou Huafeng food science and technology limited; shrimp meal was purchased from Guangdong Xingyi ocean bioengineering, Inc.; bone meal is purchased from Shijiazhuang Honghui Biotech limited; ginsenoside is purchased from Hubei Hongyong Biotechnology Ltd; 17 α -hydroxyprogesterone is available from Jupiter technologies, Inc. Hubei; the selenium-rich wheat flour is purchased from Shandong golden ear agriculture development Co.
Example 1 Breeding method of all-male macrobrachium rosenbergii
A breeding method of all-male macrobrachium rosenbergii comprises the following steps:
s1, breeding the bred pseudo female shrimps at 28 ℃, feeding the pseudo female shrimps with a feed I, feeding the pseudo female shrimps for 14-20 days until gonads mature, and mating and fertilizing the pseudo female shrimps with strong physique, complete appendages and mature gonads; the feed I comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of soybean meal, 40 parts of shrimp shell powder, 1.2 parts of betaine, 3.6 parts of magnesium sulfate, 7.5 parts of selenium-enriched yeast and 6 parts of additive; the additive in the feed I consists of baicalin, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone and 5-hydroxytryptamine according to the weight ratio of 3:2: 1;
s2, after the female and male shrimps are mated and fertilized in the step S1, putting the egg-carrying female shrimps at the temperature of 30 ℃, feeding feed II for 16-20 days until the color of the abdominal embryos of the egg-carrying female shrimps is changed from light yellow to light gray or gray, the embryos grow to daphnia-shaped larvae, injecting seawater, controlling the salinity to be 8.5 per thousand and controlling the water temperature to be 30 ℃; the feed II comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of fish meal, 20 parts of bone meal, 10 parts of soybean meal, 7 parts of mannan oligosaccharide and 13 parts of selenium-rich wheat flour;
s3, after culturing the full-male macrobrachium rosenbergii daphnia-shaped nauplii in the step S2 for 7-11 days, moving the nauplii to a larva culturing tank, controlling the salinity of water in the larva culturing tank to be 1.4%, controlling the water temperature to be 30 ℃, and feeding feed III after three days; the feed III consists of the artemia, the egg custard and the papain in a weight ratio of 3:2: 1;
s4, after the macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae are cultured for 20-22 days in the step S3, desalting, transferring the macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae into a seedling raising pool, controlling the water temperature to be 28 ℃, and putting in feed IV; the feed IV comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of shrimp meal, 35 parts of fairy shrimp, 25 parts of selenium-enriched yeast, 4.5 parts of ferment powder and 0.5 part of ginsenoside.
Treating the water in the nursery pond through an aquatic product ozone culture system: firstly, filtering water by a microfilter containing sponge and activated carbon, then carrying out sand filtration, directly discharging 1/3 volumes of water into a mixing tank through a valve after the sand filtration, carrying out ozone treatment on the residual 2/3 volumes of water by an ozone generator, discharging the water after the ozone treatment into the mixing tank through the valve, mixing the water directly discharged into the mixing tank after the sand filtration, adding 7ppm of EDTA and 12ppm of Na2S2O3The mixed water enters an aeration tank for aeration for 6 hours, the aerated water is biochemically filtered by a biological filter containing nitrobacteria, and the biochemically filtered water is discharged into a breeding tank; the water was not treated for the first three days after the feeding of the all-male macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae, and the water of 1/5 in the nursery pond was treated every day for the fourth day after the feeding of the macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae.
Embodiment 2 a breeding method of all-male macrobrachium rosenbergii
A breeding method of all-male macrobrachium rosenbergii comprises the following steps:
s1, breeding the obtained pseudofemale shrimps by breeding under the condition that the temperature is 26 ℃, feeding the pseudofemale shrimps by a feed I, breeding for 14-20 days until the gonads of the pseudofemale shrimps are mature, and mating and fertilizing the pseudofemale shrimps with strong physique, complete appendages and mature gonads of the pseudofemale shrimps; the feed I comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of soybean meal, 30 parts of shrimp shell powder, 1 part of betaine, 1 part of magnesium sulfate, 5 parts of selenium-enriched yeast and 5 parts of additive; the additive in the feed I consists of baicalin, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone and 5-hydroxytryptamine according to the weight ratio of 3:2: 1;
s2, after the female and male shrimps are mated and fertilized in the step S1, putting the egg-carrying female shrimps at the temperature of 30 ℃, feeding feed II for feeding for 16-20 days until the color of the abdominal embryos of the egg-carrying female shrimps is changed from light yellow to light gray or gray, the embryos grow to daphnia-shaped larvae, injecting seawater, controlling the salinity to be 7 per thousand and controlling the water temperature to be 29 ℃; the feed II comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of fish meal, 15 parts of bone meal, 10 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of mannan oligosaccharide and 10 parts of selenium-rich wheat flour;
s3, after culturing the full-male macrobrachium rosenbergii daphnia-shaped nauplii in the step S2 for 7-11 days, moving the nauplii to a larva culturing tank, controlling the salinity of water in the larva culturing tank to be 1.2%, controlling the water temperature to be 28 ℃, and feeding feed III after three days; the feed III consists of the artemia, the egg custard and the papain in a weight ratio of 3:2: 1;
s4, after the macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae are cultured for 20-22 days in the step S3, desalting, transferring the macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae into a seedling raising pond, controlling the water temperature to be 26 ℃, and putting in feed IV; the feed IV comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of shrimp meal, 10 parts of fairy shrimp, 20 parts of selenium-enriched yeast, 1 part of ferment powder and 0.1 part of ginsenoside.
Treating the water in the nursery pond through an aquatic product ozone culture system: firstly, filtering water by a microfilter containing sponge and activated carbon, then carrying out sand filtration, directly discharging 1/3 volumes of water into a mixing tank through a valve after the sand filtration, carrying out ozone treatment on the residual 2/3 volumes of water by an ozone generator, discharging the water after the ozone treatment into the mixing tank through the valve, mixing the water directly discharged into the mixing tank after the sand filtration, and adding 5ppm of EDTA and 10ppm of Na2S2O3The mixed water enters an aeration tank for aeration for 6-8h, the aerated water is biochemically filtered by a biological filter containing nitrobacteria, and the biochemically filtered water is discharged into a breeding tank(ii) a The water was not treated for the first three days after the feeding of the all-male macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae, and the water of 2/5 in the nursery pond was treated every day for the fourth day after the feeding of the macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae.
Embodiment 3a method for breeding all-male macrobrachium rosenbergii
A breeding method of all-male macrobrachium rosenbergii comprises the following steps:
s1, breeding the obtained pseudofemale shrimps by breeding under the condition of 28 ℃, feeding the pseudofemale shrimps with the feed I, feeding for 14-20 days until gonads mature, and mating and fertilizing the pseudofemale shrimps with strong physique, complete appendages and mature gonads; the feed I comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of soybean meal, 50 parts of shrimp shell powder, 1.5 parts of betaine, 5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 10 parts of selenium-enriched yeast and 10 parts of additive; the additive in the feed I consists of baicalin, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone and 5-hydroxytryptamine according to the weight ratio of 3:2: 1;
s2, after the female and male shrimps are mated and fertilized in the step S1, putting the egg-carrying female shrimps at the temperature of 28 ℃, feeding feed II for feeding for 16-20 days until the color of the abdominal embryos of the egg-carrying female shrimps is changed from light yellow to light gray or gray, the embryos grow to daphnia-shaped larvae, injecting seawater, controlling the salinity to be 9 per thousand and controlling the water temperature to be 32 ℃; the feed II comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of fish meal, 25 parts of bone meal, 12 parts of soybean meal, 8 parts of mannan oligosaccharide and 15 parts of selenium-rich wheat flour;
s3, after culturing the full-male macrobrachium rosenbergii daphnia-shaped nauplii in the step S2 for 7-11 days, moving the nauplii to a larva culturing tank, controlling the salinity of water in the larva culturing tank to be 1.6%, controlling the water temperature to be 32 ℃, and feeding feed III after three days; the feed III consists of the artemia, the egg custard and the papain in a weight ratio of 3:2: 1;
s4, after the macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae are cultured for 20-22 days in the step S3, desalting, transferring the macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae into a seedling raising pond, controlling the water temperature to be 28 ℃, and putting in a feed IV; the feed IV comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of shrimp meal, 30 parts of fairy shrimp, 30 parts of selenium-enriched yeast, 5 parts of ferment powder and 0.5 part of ginsenoside.
Aquatic ozone breeding system for breeding pond waterAnd (3) system processing: firstly, filtering water by a microfilter containing sponge and activated carbon, then carrying out sand filtration, directly discharging 1/3 volumes of water into a mixing tank through a valve after the sand filtration, carrying out ozone treatment on the residual 2/3 volumes of water by an ozone generator, discharging the water after the ozone treatment into the mixing tank through the valve, mixing the water directly discharged into the mixing tank after the sand filtration, and adding 8ppm of EDTA and 15ppm of Na2S2O3The mixed water enters an aeration tank for aeration for 8 hours, the aerated water is biochemically filtered by a biological filter containing nitrobacteria, and the biochemically filtered water is discharged into a breeding tank; the water was not treated for the first three days after the feeding of the all-male macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae, and the water of 1/5 in the nursery pond was treated every day for the fourth day after the feeding of the macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae.
Comparative example 1 a method for breeding holomale macrobrachium rosenbergii
The difference from example 1 is that the feed I to be fed in step S1 contains no additive, and the other steps are similar to example 1.
Comparative example 2 breeding method of all-male macrobrachium rosenbergii
The difference from example 1 is that feed II fed at step S2 has beta-glucan instead of mannooligosaccharides, and the other steps are similar to example 1.
Comparative example 3 breeding method of all-male macrobrachium rosenbergii
The difference from example 1 is that the antimicrobial peptide is substituted for ginsenoside in the feed IV delivered in step S4, and the other steps are similar to example 1.
Test example 1 determination of maturation rate of parent pseudofemale Macrobrachium rosenbergii
After breeding the bred macrobrachium rosenbergii parent pseudofemale shrimps with consistent ovary development for 14 days according to the breeding method described in the embodiments 1-3 and the comparative example 1, observing the gonads of the pseudofemale shrimps, and calculating the ovary maturation rate, namely the proportion of parent shrimps with the ovary development at the IV stage, wherein the results are shown in the table 1.
TABLE 1 maturation rates of pseudo-female shrimps of different groups
| Group of | Conversion (%) |
| Example 1 | 98.5％ |
| Example 2 | 96.0％ |
| Example 3 | 95.3％ |
| Comparative example 1 | 73.0％ |
As can be seen from Table 1, the ovary maturation rate of the parent pseudofemale Macrobrachium rosenbergii in examples 1-3 is significantly higher than that of the comparative example. Wherein, compared with the comparative example 1, the maturation rate of the example 1 is improved by 34.9 percent, which shows that the combination of baicalin, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone and 5-hydroxytryptamine can effectively promote the ovary maturation of the parental pseudofemale shrimp, thereby effectively shortening the breeding cycle.
Test example 2 survival rate of all-male shrimp larvae
All-male shrimp seedlings obtained by the breeding methods of examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 2 were bred, and the survival rate was measured according to the following formula, with the results shown in table 2.
Survival rate ═ total number of young shrimps-number of dead young shrimps)/total number of young shrimps × 100%
TABLE 2 Total Male Macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae survival Rate
| Group of | Survival rate (%) |
| Example 1 | 93.0％ |
| Example 2 | 91.2％ |
| Example 3 | 92.6％ |
| Comparative example 2 | 83.4％ |
| Comparative example 3 | 88.4％ |
As can be seen from Table 2, the survival rates of all-male Macrobrachium rosenbergii seedlings obtained by the breeding methods of the embodiments 1 to 3 of the invention are all greater than 90%. Compared with the comparative example 2, the survival rate of the example 1 is improved by 11.5 percent, which shows that the addition of the mannan oligosaccharide is more beneficial to the utilization of the feed II by the all-male macrobrachium rosenbergii seedlings, thereby improving the survival rate of the seedlings.
Test example 3 determination of selenium content in Whole-male shrimp
After the obtained all-male shrimp seedlings are cultured for 90 days according to the breeding methods of examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 3, the selenium content of each group of shrimps is detected, and the specific data are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 determination of selenium content in Whole male shrimp
| Group of | Total selenium content (μ g/kg) |
| Example 2 | 907.8 |
| Example 3 | 908.2 |
| Comparative example 3 | 762.9 |
As can be seen from Table 3, the content of selenium in the whole male shrimp meat obtained by the breeding method of the embodiment 1-3 is higher, compared with the comparative example 3, the content of total selenium in the male shrimp meat of the embodiment 1 is increased by 19.1%, which shows that the content of selenium in the whole male shrimp meat can be significantly increased by using the ginsenoside and the selenium-enriched yeast.
The above description is only some embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited by the above examples. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that other changes, modifications, substitutions and simplifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. A breeding method of all-male macrobrachium rosenbergii is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, breeding the bred giant freshwater prawn parents pseudo-female prawns at the temperature of 26-28 ℃, feeding the giant freshwater prawn parents with a feed I, feeding the giant freshwater prawn parents for 14-20 days until the gonads of the giant freshwater prawn parents are mature, and mating and fertilizing the giant freshwater prawns with strong physique, complete appendages and mature gonads;
s2, after the female and male shrimps are mated and fertilized in the step S1, putting the egg-carrying female shrimps at the temperature of 28-30 ℃, feeding feed II for 16-20 days until the color of the abdominal embryos of the egg-carrying female shrimps is changed from light yellow to light gray or gray, and the embryos grow to daphnia-shaped larvae, injecting seawater, controlling the salinity to be 7-9 per thousand and controlling the water temperature to be 29-32 ℃;
s3, after culturing the full-male macrobrachium rosenbergii daphnia-shaped nauplii obtained in the step S2 for 7-11 days, transferring the cultured full-male macrobrachium rosenbergii into a larva culturing tank, controlling the water salinity in the larva culturing tank to be 1.2-1.6%, controlling the water temperature to be 28-32 ℃, and feeding feed III after three days;
s4, after the all-male macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae are cultured for 20-22 days in the step S3, desalting, transferring the macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae into a seedling raising pool, controlling the water temperature to be 26-28 ℃, and feeding a feed IV;
the feed I in the step S1 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of soybean meal, 30-50 parts of shrimp shell powder, 1-1.5 parts of betaine, 1-5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 5-10 parts of selenium-enriched yeast and 5-10 parts of an additive;
the additive consists of baicalin, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone and 5-hydroxytryptamine according to the weight ratio of 3:2: 1;
the feed II in the step S2 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of fish meal, 15-25 parts of bone meal, 10-12 parts of soybean meal, 5-8 parts of mannan oligosaccharide and 10-15 parts of selenium-enriched wheat flour;
the feed III in the step S3 consists of the artemia, the egg custard and the papain in a weight ratio of 3:2: 1;
and step S4, treating the water in the nursery pond through an aquatic product ozone culture system: firstly, filtering water through a microfilter containing sponge and activated carbon, then carrying out sand filtration, directly discharging 1/3 volume of water into a mixing tank through a valve after the sand filtration, carrying out ozone treatment on the residual 2/3 volume of water through an ozone generator, discharging the water subjected to the ozone treatment into the mixing tank through the valve, mixing the water directly discharged into the mixing tank after the sand filtration, adding 5-8 ppm of EDTA and 10-15 ppm of Na2S2O3Aerating the mixed water in an aeration tank for 6-8h, biochemically filtering the aerated water through a biological filter containing nitrobacteria, and discharging the biochemically filtered water into a breeding tank; the water is not treated in the first three days after the full-male macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae are put in, and the water in 1/5-2/5 in the nursery pond is treated every day in the fourth day after the macrobrachium rosenbergii larvae are put in;
the feed IV in the step S4 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of shrimp meal, 10-30 parts of fairy shrimp, 20-30 parts of selenium-enriched yeast, 1-5 parts of ferment powder and 0.1-0.5 part of ginsenoside.
2. The breeding method of the all-male macrobrachium rosenbergii according to claim 1, wherein the feed IV in the step S4 comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of shrimp meal, 35 parts of fairy shrimp, 25 parts of selenium-enriched yeast, 4.5 parts of ferment powder and 0.5 part of ginsenoside.
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| CN109392789A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-03-01 | 佛山科学技术学院 | A kind of method that thermal stimulus influences Macrobrachium rosenbergii Sex Differentiation |
| CN109601451A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-04-12 | 盐城工学院 | A method of improving Macrobrachium rosenbergii egg laying rate of red swamp |
| CN111387105B (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2022-02-15 | 浙江省淡水水产研究所 | Method for producing seeds of all-male macrobrachium rosenbergii |
| CN112841096B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-08-05 | 浙江省淡水水产研究所 | Breeding method of all-male macrobrachium rosenbergii rapid-growth strain |
| CN114304016A (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-04-12 | 江苏海洋大学 | Freshwater crayfish breeding method |
| CN115067239B (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2023-03-10 | 泉州市嗣家名茶发展有限公司 | Limulus gigas rapid fattening breeding method for blood extraction |
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| CN103704161B (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2015-10-07 | 扬州市嘉丰罗氏沼虾良种繁殖有限公司 | A kind of Macrobrachium rosenbergii mating system |
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