CN106922583A - A kind of Macrobrachium rosenbergii SPF（It is virus-free）Offspring breeding method - Google Patents
A kind of Macrobrachium rosenbergii SPF（It is virus-free）Offspring breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Macrobrachium rosenbergii SPF（It is virus-free）Offspring breeding method.Take following step：Seed selection, shrimp seedling are temporarily supported, pond culture, the disinfection and isolation measure during shrimp seed rearing, close shrimp select, the pretreatment of wintering pond, the regulation and control of control environment condition, feedstuff feeding, strengthen management, Viral diagnosis, the pretreatment at water source, reinforced cultivating, the disease control of close shrimp are periodically carried out to close shrimp.The prevalence of effectively prevention Opaque Muscle Disease In Macrobrachium Rosenbergii of the invention, improves seed breeding quality, improves seed reproductive survival rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mating system of prevention Opaque Muscle Disease In Macrobrachium Rosenbergii, more particularly to a kind of Macrobrachium rosenbergii
SPF（It is virus-free）Offspring breeding method.
Background technology
Opaque Muscle Disease In Macrobrachium Rosenbergii is also called white body disease, white smear disease, is the one kind for betiding the Macrobrachium rosenbergii seed stage
There is muscle gonorrhoea, hickie or white smear symptom in disease, ill shrimp body, and mortality can occur within a couple of days, and the death rate may be up to
More than 60%, the main harm as current Macrobrachium rosenbergii breeding, cultivation.Research shows, the disease of Opaque Muscle Disease In Macrobrachium Rosenbergii
Originally it was M.rosenbergii Nodavirus, route of transmission is based on vertical transmission, but its horizontal transmission also has extremely strong infection ability.I
Company has carried out the virus-free seed breeding technology of Macrobrachium rosenbergii with the viral diagnosis technology of ELISA method and RT-PCR method
Research, successfully for the main nursery garden of China and culture zone provide virus-free seed shrimp and virus-free seed, and effectively prevents sieve
The prevalence of family name's pond crayfish whitish muscle diseases.
The content of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve the above problems there is provided a kind of prevalence of prevention Opaque Muscle Disease In Macrobrachium Rosenbergii, and Roche
Pond crayfish SPF（It is virus-free）Offspring breeding method, implements Macrobrachium rosenbergii SPF（It is virus-free）The method of seed breeding.
The technical scheme is that：Take following step：
（One）Virus-free close shrimp seed selection：
1）Seed selects：It is annual by the end of April~5 month at the beginning of, desalinate from from numerous or without the production of morbidity history nursery high-quality health
Seed, specification is individual uniform in body more than 0.82cm long, physique healthy and strong, and with stronger inverse trip ability, and by Roche natural pond
The shrimp seedling that shrimp Nodavirus TAS-ELISA method is detected and is negative；
2）Shrimp seedling is temporarily supported：Selection has quarantine measures and is cultivated by Tu Chi in the cement pit or greenhouse of strict sterilization,
Breeding density in cement pit is 4500~4950 tails/m2, the breeding density in greenhouse in native pond is 2500~2950 tails/m2,
25 DEG C of water temperature, feed uses egg custard, prawn slice, Macrobrachium rosenbergii mixed fodder with better nutritivity value etc., temporarily supports period, daily
Shrimp seedling active situation, situation of ingesting etc. are examined, suspicious shrimp seedling is selected in time carries out Viral diagnosis, in 1 month temporarily support
Viral diagnosis and testing result in phase at least through 8 times are negative, after May 20, outer pool water temperature more than 22 DEG C, by shrimp
Seedling is put into the pond culture with quarantine measures, and the pond without morbidity history, and should be required before shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed by strictly disappearing
Poison；
3）Pond culture：Pond culture is carried out between June~October, management work is operated in strict accordance with Macrobrachium rosenbergii cultural technique and advised
Model is carried out, and inspects periodically shrimp seedling upgrowth situation, and carries out Viral diagnosis using ELISA method；
4）Disinfection and isolation measure during shrimp seed rearing：Cultivation during shrimp seedling temporarily foster, pond culture is with water with cistern pair
Water source is precipitated and disinfected, while attention does not use of unknown origin frost wild fishes as breeding feed；
5）Close shrimp selects：Close shrimp is carried out on October by sentence to select.Should select that physically fit, appendage is complete, whole body is without focus
Shrimp body, and female-male proportion is 2-3：l；
（Two）The reinforced cultivating of relative shrimp overwintering phase：
1）The pretreatment of wintering pond：Wintering pond is soaked more than one week using preceding use 30ppm liquor potassic permanganates, is scrubbed after cleaning up the pond
Totally, it is stand-by；
2）The regulation and control of control environment condition：During surviving the winter, water temperature to control to be advisable at 2l DEG C -22 DEG C, at the initial stage of surviving the winter, because of shrimp body
Just into greenhouse, mechanical damage is heavier, water temperature can be properly increased into l DEG C~2 DEG C, treats that shrimp body food ration increases and recovers
Water temperature of surviving the winter is reduced to after constitution again；
3）Feedstuff feeding：Feed is the basis of close shrimp gonad development, and feedstuff feeding should ensure the nutritional need of close shrimp, protect again
Its palatability is demonstrate,proved, during surviving the winter, can be used based on artifical compound feed, be supplemented with being fed with animal bait, and it is fixed
Phase adds the close shrimp nutrition of the reinforcing such as B B-complex, immune polysaccharide in feed, strengthens its immunity, it also avoid close shrimp and produces
Apocleisis situation；
4）Strengthen management：The water source of breeding water will be ensured not by pathogen contamination, and periodically water body of surviving the winter is carried out disinfection, daily
Strict sterilization should also be carried out to the instrument in greenhouse and workshop；
5）Viral diagnosis periodically are carried out to close shrimp：The daily close shrimp of observation ingests situation, active situation, it is found that suspicious close shrimp will stand
Viral diagnosis are carried out, during surviving the winter, monthly at least ensures the Viral diagnosis record more than once；
（Three）The raising technology of virus-free seed：
1）The pretreatment at water source：Pond water filling when water temperature is relatively low in the winter time, and water is carried out disinfection with quick lime, by 1-2
The precipitation of individual month, disinfect, the water quality index of water reaches preferable state in nursery season；
2）The reinforced cultivating of close shrimp：In whole nursery stage, increase feeding for animal bait, and compound dimension is added in feed
Raw element, immune polysaccharide material, day feeding volume are the 5%~7% of shrimp body body weight, and adjust feed at any time according to shrimp body situation of ingesting
Amount, increases quantity of exchanged water and changes water frequency to keep the pure and fresh of water quality, promotes close shrimp sexual gland fast-ripenin and is mated in pond
Spawning；
3）Disease control：Nursery pond and seedling-cultivating tool are wanting strict washing and sterilizing using front and rear, after each shrimping operation, with highly concentrated
Potassium permanganate thorough disinfection parent's shrimp ponds of degree, water for larval nursing is filtered with the yarn thin,tough silk of 200 mesh in water inlet to water source, periodically right
The young carries out Viral diagnosis.
The reinforced cultivating of the close shrimp：The health parent shrimp of 3 colonies of selection is oriented collocation, and need are built to meet family
Will, 3 colonies arrange in pairs or groups 100 groups of combinations altogether, female per case cloth parent shrimp 1 male 5 to set up paternal half-sib family；According to Mating design
Number of combinations, 100 mating net cages are arranged altogether, the two female shrimps of tail mating are at least collected into each mating net cage, female shrimp embraces
Being transferred to after ovum carries out young incubation in other incubation net cage, be incubated cage size identical with mating net cage；
1）Environmental condition is standardized：From mating the parent shrimps, oogenesis incubation, larval culture, desalination, to young shrimp intermediate rearing, make each
Breeding condition of the family in each stage is consistent, salinity main including each stage water, water temperature, bait and condition etc. inflation,
For the ease of management, the family formed in 5d is placed in the different net cages in same pond and is managed collectively；
2）Quantitative criteria：1st sub-quantity is standardized：After close shrimp sees children, the young is removed with the yarn tulle of 200 mesh, taken immediately
The 3000 tail young are put into the keg that water body is 15L and cultivate；2nd sub-quantity is standardized：When 9 age in days of the young, 1000 tails are counted
Move into 0.5mX0.5mX0.5m raising in cage；3rd sub-quantity is standardized：After the desalination of young shrimp is finished, take 400 tails and be put into 12 m2
Intermediate rearing is carried out in cement pit；
Start by the end of April every year, using breeding basic population, friendship is put into using 1 female mating to 5 male total fertilization failure strategy combinations
With net cage and number record, family scale sets up 150-200 full sibs and family half sibs, and post-coitum checks that close shrimp embraces daily
Ovum situation is simultaneously recorded, and will be cherished within every 7 days the female shrimp immigration of ovum and is incubated children's net and number record, and mating plan can be completed through 20 days or so；
Oogenesis parent shrimp through 15-20 days cultivation can hatchling, incubate the young general completion in 1-2 days, each inspection hatching larvae
Situation, it is found that the young hatches carries out young standardization, and the standardization of each family counts the tail of the young 2000 and is put in nursery bucket（Pond）
Middle cultivation, main breeding condition has：30 DEG C of water temperature, salinity 10-12 ‰, PH7.2-8.0, Z1-Z5 feed artemia nauplii, Z5
Supplement feeds egg custard afterwards；
Abnormal son shrimp and salinity can progressively be desalinated into 1 ‰ through 20-23 days or so the young, can be carried out second after young shrimp desalination
Standardization, counting survives young shrimp sum, and standardization 400 tails son shrimp is put into temporary curing cement pond；
Shrimp seedling carries out Nodavirus detection before temporarily supporting, and the shrimp seedling of feminine gender, ability are detected into using TAS-ELISA or RT-PCR method
Enter storage pond, holding pond；
Cement pit is temporarily supported shrimp seedling and feeds Cladocera from Freshwaters with Macrobrachium rosenbergii opening material, 1# material, 25-30 DEG C of natural temperature, through 25-30
It nurture body is up to more than 2.5cm, now should as early as possible be marked the lower pool；
Under conditions of 28 DEG C of close shrimp ponds water temperature, shrimp with ovums was selected once every 10 days, be divided into for shrimp with ovums by the color according to ovum
Three Estate（Ash, palm fibre, Huang）, point pond raising, concentration arranges children during ovum can be directly placed into artificial salt water in the shrimp with ovums of taupe, often
Square metre can put shrimp with ovums 50-60 only, grey ovum shrimp can discharge the young through the cultivation of 1-2 days, ovum is into brown, the shrimp with ovums of yellow
Can be placed on and temporarily support in clear water reserviors, by the cultivation of 5-10 days, when the color of ovum gradually switchs to grey, can gradually to adding sea in pond
Water, after the young hatches, catches Miao Chi and cultivates with the yarn tulle of 80 mesh by the young in oogenesis shrimp ponds；
3）Larval culture condition is controlled：Cloth seedling density domination the tails of 20-25 ten thousand/square metre, nursery temperature control at 30-31 DEG C,
The light as requested of seedling rearing room is controlled in more than 1000Lux, and can adjust the power of illumination, but to avoid light from excessively concentrating, and is filled
Tolerance early stage answers small in wavy, with the growth of the young, the enhancing of mobility, is gradually increased aeration quantity, and later stage adjustment is filled
Tolerance while aeration quantity is adjusted, should also make gas explosion stone be evenly distributed in seedling pond to show slightly fluidized state, and regulating and controlling water quality is arranged
Apply：Once, daily blowdown is secondary after Z5 for the daily blowdown in seedling pond before Z5, moves pond within the 9th day, periodically uses photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus
Regulate and control water quality Deng effective microorganism preparation；
4）Artificial seawater is prepared：It is formulated by the composition of natural sea-water essential element using Nacl, in its composition, except chlorination
Outside sodium, tri- kinds of proportionings of ion of Mg, Ca, K are 3:1:1, salinity is in 10-12 ‰, proportion between 1.005-1.007；
5）Feedstuff feeding：In the next morning of cloth seedling, feeding the fairy shrimp nauplius of hatching 18 hours carries out out food, feeds
Density in 10/milliliter, when the 9th day of cloth after seedling, the i.e. paedomorphosis of Magna shapes to the fifth phase（Z5）After, you can people is fed on a small quantity
Work make egg custard, slowly increase again later, to Z8 after feed based on egg custard, supplemented by artemia nauplii.
Can the present invention can effectively prevent the generation of whitish muscle diseases, it is critical only that the route of transmission that effectively block cause of disease,
Epidemiology survey for Pathogen of Opaque Muscle Disease In Macrobrachium Rosenbergii shows that its main route of transmission is that close shrimp carries and passes
Broadcast, detection is tracked by the seed for cultivating close shrimp, quarantine measures are taken to cultivation overall process, fully ensure that selected parent shrimp
Virus-free state.
Control environment condition in close shrimp reinforced cultivating and production process is the ancillary method of virus-free seed rearing.Disease
Original, shrimp body, environment are a systems for interacting, interkniting, and three is in an equilibrium system under normal circumstances, if
One therein changes, then necessarily cause the unbalance of whole system, causes the generation of disease.To Macrobrachium rosenbergii muscle gonorrhoea
The epidemiology survey of disease also demonstrates this point.Therefore, close shrimp nutrition is strengthened in overall process is bred, is added in feed
The materials such as B B-complex, immune polysaccharide are fed, and can effectively improve the constitution and immunity of close shrimp.In addition, in young training
To ensure suitable environmental condition during educating.
Prevention Opaque Muscle Disease In Macrobrachium Rosenbergii must take strict disinfectant measure.Strict disinfectant measure is prevention disease
Important guarantee, at present, all of Macrobrachium rosenbergii breeding field all almost build epidemic-stricken area in, and disinfectant measure is to ensure that seedling is not neighbouring
The key that morbidity field is infected.The strict equipment disinfection system in nursery workshop, takes the necessary measures and limits client to buying seedling client
Enter production district, and client is only entered for seedling area, hand and footwear into all personnel of production district are both needed to strict sterilization, it can be ensured that
It is virus-free to be carried along into production district.
Specific embodiment
A kind of Macrobrachium rosenbergii SPF（It is virus-free）Offspring breeding method, takes following step：
（One）Virus-free close shrimp seed selection：
1）Seed selects：It is annual by the end of April~5 month at the beginning of, desalinate from from numerous or without the production of morbidity history nursery high-quality health
Seed, specification is individual uniform in body more than 0.82cm long, physique healthy and strong, and with stronger inverse trip ability, and by Roche natural pond
The shrimp seedling that shrimp Nodavirus TAS-ELISA method is detected and is negative；
2）Shrimp seedling is temporarily supported：Selection has quarantine measures and is cultivated by Tu Chi in the cement pit or greenhouse of strict sterilization,
Breeding density in cement pit is 4500~4950 tails/m2, the breeding density in greenhouse in native pond is 2500~2950 tails/m2,
25 DEG C of water temperature, feed uses egg custard, prawn slice, Macrobrachium rosenbergii mixed fodder with better nutritivity value etc., temporarily supports period, daily
Shrimp seedling active situation, situation of ingesting etc. are examined, suspicious shrimp seedling is selected in time carries out Viral diagnosis, in 1 month temporarily support
Viral diagnosis and testing result in phase at least through 8 times are negative, after May 20, outer pool water temperature more than 22 DEG C, by shrimp
Seedling is put into the pond culture with quarantine measures, and the pond without morbidity history, and should be required before shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed by strictly disappearing
Poison；
3）Pond culture：Pond culture is carried out between June~October, management work is operated in strict accordance with Macrobrachium rosenbergii cultural technique and advised
Model is carried out, and inspects periodically shrimp seedling upgrowth situation, and carries out Viral diagnosis using ELISA method；
4）Disinfection and isolation measure during shrimp seed rearing：Cultivation during shrimp seedling temporarily foster, pond culture is with water with cistern pair
Water source is precipitated and disinfected, while attention does not use of unknown origin frost wild fishes as breeding feed；
5）Close shrimp selects：Close shrimp is carried out on October by sentence to select.Should select that physically fit, appendage is complete, whole body is without focus
Shrimp body, and female-male proportion is 2-3：l；
（Two）The reinforced cultivating of relative shrimp overwintering phase：
1）The pretreatment of wintering pond：Wintering pond is soaked more than one week using preceding use 30ppm liquor potassic permanganates, is scrubbed after cleaning up the pond
Totally, it is stand-by；
2）The regulation and control of control environment condition：During surviving the winter, water temperature to control to be advisable at 2l DEG C -22 DEG C, at the initial stage of surviving the winter, because of shrimp body
Just into greenhouse, mechanical damage is heavier, water temperature can be properly increased into l DEG C~2 DEG C, treats that shrimp body food ration increases and recovers
Water temperature of surviving the winter is reduced to after constitution again；
3）Feedstuff feeding：Feed is the basis of close shrimp gonad development, and feedstuff feeding should ensure the nutritional need of close shrimp, protect again
Its palatability is demonstrate,proved, during surviving the winter, can be used based on artifical compound feed, be supplemented with being fed with animal bait, and it is fixed
Phase adds the close shrimp nutrition of the reinforcing such as B B-complex, immune polysaccharide in feed, strengthens its immunity, it also avoid close shrimp and produces
Apocleisis situation；
4）Strengthen management：The water source of breeding water will be ensured not by pathogen contamination, and periodically water body of surviving the winter is carried out disinfection, daily
Strict sterilization should also be carried out to the instrument in greenhouse and workshop；
5）Viral diagnosis periodically are carried out to close shrimp：The daily close shrimp of observation ingests situation, active situation, it is found that suspicious close shrimp will stand
Viral diagnosis are carried out, during surviving the winter, monthly at least ensures the Viral diagnosis record more than once；
（Three）The raising technology of virus-free seed：
1）The pretreatment at water source：Pond water filling when water temperature is relatively low in the winter time, and water is carried out disinfection with quick lime, by 1-2
The precipitation of individual month, disinfect, the water quality index of water reaches preferable state in nursery season；
2）The reinforced cultivating of close shrimp：In whole nursery stage, increase feeding for animal bait, and compound dimension is added in feed
Raw element, immune polysaccharide material, day feeding volume are the 5%~7% of shrimp body body weight, and adjust feed at any time according to shrimp body situation of ingesting
Amount, increases quantity of exchanged water and changes water frequency to keep the pure and fresh of water quality, promotes close shrimp sexual gland fast-ripenin and is mated in pond
Spawning；
3）Disease control：Nursery pond and seedling-cultivating tool are wanting strict washing and sterilizing using front and rear, after each shrimping operation, with highly concentrated
Potassium permanganate thorough disinfection parent's shrimp ponds of degree, water for larval nursing is filtered with the yarn thin,tough silk of 200 mesh in water inlet to water source, periodically right
The young carries out Viral diagnosis.
The reinforced cultivating of the close shrimp：The health parent shrimp of 3 colonies of selection is oriented collocation, and need are built to meet family
Will, 3 colonies arrange in pairs or groups 100 groups of combinations altogether, female per case cloth parent shrimp 1 male 5 to set up paternal half-sib family；According to Mating design
Number of combinations, 100 mating net cages are arranged altogether, the two female shrimps of tail mating are at least collected into each mating net cage, female shrimp embraces
Being transferred to after ovum carries out young incubation in other incubation net cage, be incubated cage size identical with mating net cage；
1）Environmental condition is standardized：From mating the parent shrimps, oogenesis incubation, larval culture, desalination, to young shrimp intermediate rearing, make each
Breeding condition of the family in each stage is consistent, salinity main including each stage water, water temperature, bait and condition etc. inflation,
For the ease of management, the family formed in 5d is placed in the different net cages in same pond and is managed collectively；
2）Quantitative criteria：1st sub-quantity is standardized：After close shrimp sees children, the young is removed with the yarn tulle of 200 mesh, taken immediately
The 3000 tail young are put into the keg that water body is 15L and cultivate；2nd sub-quantity is standardized：When 9 age in days of the young, 1000 tails are counted
Move into 0.5mX0.5mX0.5m raising in cage；3rd sub-quantity is standardized：After the desalination of young shrimp is finished, take 400 tails and be put into 12 m2
Intermediate rearing is carried out in cement pit；
Start by the end of April every year, using breeding basic population, friendship is put into using 1 female mating to 5 male total fertilization failure strategy combinations
With net cage and number record, family scale sets up 150-200 full sibs and family half sibs, and post-coitum checks that close shrimp embraces daily
Ovum situation is simultaneously recorded, and will be cherished within every 7 days the female shrimp immigration of ovum and is incubated children's net and number record, and mating plan can be completed through 20 days or so；
Oogenesis parent shrimp through 15-20 days cultivation can hatchling, incubate the young general completion in 1-2 days, each inspection hatching larvae
Situation, it is found that the young hatches carries out young standardization, and the standardization of each family counts the tail of the young 2000 and is put in nursery bucket（Pond）
Middle cultivation, main breeding condition has：30 DEG C of water temperature, salinity 10-12 ‰, PH7.2-8.0, Z1-Z5 feed artemia nauplii, Z5
Supplement feeds egg custard afterwards；
Abnormal son shrimp and salinity can progressively be desalinated into 1 ‰ through 20-23 days or so the young, can be carried out second after young shrimp desalination
Standardization, counting survives young shrimp sum, and standardization 400 tails son shrimp is put into temporary curing cement pond；
Shrimp seedling carries out Nodavirus detection before temporarily supporting, and the shrimp seedling of feminine gender, ability are detected into using TAS-ELISA or RT-PCR method
Enter storage pond, holding pond；
Cement pit is temporarily supported shrimp seedling and feeds Cladocera from Freshwaters with Macrobrachium rosenbergii opening material, 1# material, 25-30 DEG C of natural temperature, through 25-30
It nurture body is up to more than 2.5cm, now should as early as possible be marked the lower pool；
Under conditions of 28 DEG C of close shrimp ponds water temperature, shrimp with ovums was selected once every 10 days, be divided into for shrimp with ovums by the color according to ovum
Three Estate（Ash, palm fibre, Huang）, point pond raising, concentration arranges children during ovum can be directly placed into artificial salt water in the shrimp with ovums of taupe, often
Square metre can put shrimp with ovums 50-60 only, grey ovum shrimp can discharge the young through the cultivation of 1-2 days, ovum is into brown, the shrimp with ovums of yellow
Can be placed on and temporarily support in clear water reserviors, by the cultivation of 5-10 days, when the color of ovum gradually switchs to grey, can gradually to adding sea in pond
Water, after the young hatches, catches Miao Chi and cultivates with the yarn tulle of 80 mesh by the young in oogenesis shrimp ponds；
3）Larval culture condition is controlled：Cloth seedling density domination the tails of 20-25 ten thousand/square metre, nursery temperature control at 30-31 DEG C,
The light as requested of seedling rearing room is controlled in more than 1000Lux, and can adjust the power of illumination, but to avoid light from excessively concentrating, and is filled
Tolerance early stage answers small in wavy, with the growth of the young, the enhancing of mobility, is gradually increased aeration quantity, and later stage adjustment is filled
Tolerance while aeration quantity is adjusted, should also make gas explosion stone be evenly distributed in seedling pond to show slightly fluidized state, and regulating and controlling water quality is arranged
Apply：Once, daily blowdown is secondary after Z5 for the daily blowdown in seedling pond before Z5, moves pond within the 9th day, periodically uses photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus
Regulate and control water quality Deng effective microorganism preparation；
4）Artificial seawater is prepared：It is formulated by the composition of natural sea-water essential element using Nacl, in its composition, except chlorination
Outside sodium, tri- kinds of proportionings of ion of Mg, Ca, K are 3:1:1, salinity is in 10-12 ‰, proportion between 1.005-1.007；
5）Feedstuff feeding：In the next morning of cloth seedling, feeding the fairy shrimp nauplius of hatching 18 hours carries out out food, feeds
Density in 10/milliliter, when the 9th day of cloth after seedling, the i.e. paedomorphosis of Magna shapes to the fifth phase（Z5）After, you can people is fed on a small quantity
Work make egg custard, slowly increase again later, to Z8 after feed based on egg custard, supplemented by artemia nauplii.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of Macrobrachium rosenbergii SPF（It is virus-free）Offspring breeding method, it is characterised in that：Take following step：
（One）Virus-free close shrimp seed selection：
1）Seed selects：It is annual by the end of April~5 month at the beginning of, desalinate from from numerous or without the production of morbidity history nursery high-quality health
Seed, specification is individual uniform in body more than 0.82cm long, physique healthy and strong, and with stronger inverse trip ability, and by Roche natural pond
The shrimp seedling that shrimp Nodavirus TAS-ELISA method is detected and is negative；
2）Shrimp seedling is temporarily supported：Selection has quarantine measures and is cultivated by Tu Chi in the cement pit or greenhouse of strict sterilization,
Breeding density in cement pit is 4500~4950 tails/m2, the breeding density in greenhouse in native pond is 2500~2950 tails/m2,
25 DEG C of water temperature, feed uses egg custard, prawn slice, Macrobrachium rosenbergii mixed fodder with better nutritivity value etc., temporarily supports period, daily
Shrimp seedling active situation, situation of ingesting etc. are examined, suspicious shrimp seedling is selected in time carries out Viral diagnosis, in 1 month temporarily support
Viral diagnosis and testing result in phase at least through 8 times are negative, after May 20, outer pool water temperature more than 22 DEG C, by shrimp
Seedling is put into the pond culture with quarantine measures, and the pond without morbidity history, and should be required before shrimp seedling is put in a suitable place to breed by strictly disappearing
Poison；
3）Pond culture：Pond culture is carried out between June~October, management work is operated in strict accordance with Macrobrachium rosenbergii cultural technique and advised
Model is carried out, and inspects periodically shrimp seedling upgrowth situation, and carries out Viral diagnosis using ELISA method；
4）Disinfection and isolation measure during shrimp seed rearing：Cultivation during shrimp seedling temporarily foster, pond culture is with water with cistern pair
Water source is precipitated and disinfected, while attention does not use of unknown origin frost wild fishes as breeding feed；
5）Close shrimp selects：Sentence can carry out close shrimp and select on October, should select that physically fit, appendage is complete, whole body is without focus
Shrimp body, and female-male proportion is 2-3：l；
（Two）The reinforced cultivating of relative shrimp overwintering phase：
1）The pretreatment of wintering pond：Wintering pond is soaked more than one week using preceding use 30ppm liquor potassic permanganates, is scrubbed after cleaning up the pond
Totally, it is stand-by；
2）The regulation and control of control environment condition：During surviving the winter, water temperature to control to be advisable at 2l DEG C -22 DEG C, at the initial stage of surviving the winter, because of shrimp body
Just into greenhouse, mechanical damage is heavier, water temperature can be properly increased into l DEG C~2 DEG C, treats that shrimp body food ration increases and recovers
Water temperature of surviving the winter is reduced to after constitution again；
3）Feedstuff feeding：Feed is the basis of close shrimp gonad development, and feedstuff feeding should ensure the nutritional need of close shrimp, protect again
Its palatability is demonstrate,proved, during surviving the winter, can be used based on artifical compound feed, be supplemented with being fed with animal bait, and it is fixed
Phase adds the close shrimp nutrition of the reinforcing such as B B-complex, immune polysaccharide in feed, strengthens its immunity, it also avoid close shrimp and produces
Apocleisis situation；
4）Strengthen management：The water source of breeding water will be ensured not by pathogen contamination, and periodically water body of surviving the winter is carried out disinfection, daily
Strict sterilization should also be carried out to the instrument in greenhouse and workshop；
5）Viral diagnosis periodically are carried out to close shrimp：The daily close shrimp of observation ingests situation, active situation, it is found that suspicious close shrimp will stand
Viral diagnosis are carried out, during surviving the winter, monthly at least ensures the Viral diagnosis record more than once；
（Three）The raising technology of virus-free seed：
1）The pretreatment at water source：Pond water filling when water temperature is relatively low in the winter time, and water is carried out disinfection with quick lime, by 1-2
The precipitation of individual month, disinfect, the water quality index of water reaches preferable state in nursery season；
2）The reinforced cultivating of close shrimp：In whole nursery stage, increase feeding for animal bait, and compound dimension is added in feed
Raw element, immune polysaccharide material, day feeding volume are the 5%~7% of shrimp body body weight, and adjust feed at any time according to shrimp body situation of ingesting
Amount, increases quantity of exchanged water and changes water frequency to keep the pure and fresh of water quality, promotes close shrimp sexual gland fast-ripenin and is mated in pond
Spawning；
3）Disease control：Nursery pond and seedling-cultivating tool are wanting strict washing and sterilizing using front and rear, after each shrimping operation, with highly concentrated
Potassium permanganate thorough disinfection parent's shrimp ponds of degree, water for larval nursing is filtered with the yarn thin,tough silk of 200 mesh in water inlet to water source, periodically right
The young carries out Viral diagnosis.
2. a kind of Macrobrachium rosenbergii SPF according to claim 1（It is virus-free）Offspring breeding method, it is characterised in that：It is described
The reinforced cultivating of close shrimp：The health parent shrimp of 3 colonies of selection is oriented collocation, and needs are built to meet family, and 3 colonies are total to
Arrange in pairs or groups 100 groups of combinations, it is female per case cloth parent shrimp 1 male 5 to set up paternal half-sib family；According to the number of combinations of Mating design, altogether
100 mating net cages of arrangement, the two female shrimps of tail mating will be at least collected into each mating net cage, be transferred to after female shrimp oogenesis another
Young incubation is carried out in outer incubation net cage, cage size is incubated identical with mating net cage；
1）Environmental condition is standardized：From mating the parent shrimps, oogenesis incubation, larval culture, desalination, to young shrimp intermediate rearing, make each
Breeding condition of the family in each stage is consistent, salinity main including each stage water, water temperature, bait and condition etc. inflation,
For the ease of management, the family formed in 5d is placed in the different net cages in same pond and is managed collectively；
2）Quantitative criteria：1st sub-quantity is standardized：After close shrimp sees children, the young is removed with the yarn tulle of 200 mesh, taken immediately
The 3000 tail young are put into the keg that water body is 15L and cultivate；2nd sub-quantity is standardized：When 9 age in days of the young, 1000 tails are counted
Move into 0.5mX0.5mX0.5m raising in cage；3rd sub-quantity is standardized：After the desalination of young shrimp is finished, take 400 tails and be put into 12 m2
Intermediate rearing is carried out in cement pit；
Start by the end of April every year, using breeding basic population, friendship is put into using 1 female mating to 5 male total fertilization failure strategy combinations
With net cage and number record, family scale sets up 150-200 full sibs and family half sibs, and post-coitum checks that close shrimp embraces daily
Ovum situation is simultaneously recorded, and will be cherished within every 7 days the female shrimp immigration of ovum and is incubated children's net and number record, and mating plan can be completed through 20 days or so；
Oogenesis parent shrimp through 15-20 days cultivation can hatchling, incubate the young general completion in 1-2 days, each inspection hatching larvae
Situation, it is found that the young hatches carries out young standardization, and the standardization of each family counts the tail of the young 2000 and is put in nursery bucket（Pond）
Middle cultivation, main breeding condition has：30 DEG C of water temperature, salinity 10-12 ‰, PH7.2-8.0, Z1-Z5 feed artemia nauplii, Z5
Supplement feeds egg custard afterwards；
Abnormal son shrimp and salinity can progressively be desalinated into 1 ‰ through 20-23 days or so the young, can be carried out second after young shrimp desalination
Standardization, counting survives young shrimp sum, and standardization 400 tails son shrimp is put into temporary curing cement pond；
Shrimp seedling carries out Nodavirus detection before temporarily supporting, and the shrimp seedling of feminine gender, ability are detected into using TAS-ELISA or RT-PCR method
Enter storage pond, holding pond；
Cement pit is temporarily supported shrimp seedling and feeds Cladocera from Freshwaters with Macrobrachium rosenbergii opening material, 1# material, 25-30 DEG C of natural temperature, through 25-30
It nurture body is up to more than 2.5cm, now should as early as possible be marked the lower pool；
Under conditions of 28 DEG C of close shrimp ponds water temperature, shrimp with ovums was selected once every 10 days, be divided into for shrimp with ovums by the color according to ovum
Three Estate（Ash, palm fibre, Huang）, point pond raising, concentration arranges children during ovum can be directly placed into artificial salt water in the shrimp with ovums of taupe, often
Square metre can put shrimp with ovums 50-60 only, grey ovum shrimp can discharge the young through the cultivation of 1-2 days, ovum is into brown, the shrimp with ovums of yellow
Can be placed on and temporarily support in clear water reserviors, by the cultivation of 5-10 days, when the color of ovum gradually switchs to grey, can gradually to adding sea in pond
Water, after the young hatches, catches Miao Chi and cultivates with the yarn tulle of 80 mesh by the young in oogenesis shrimp ponds；
3）Larval culture condition is controlled：Cloth seedling density domination the tails of 20-25 ten thousand/square metre, nursery temperature control at 30-31 DEG C,
The light as requested of seedling rearing room is controlled in more than 1000Lux, and can adjust the power of illumination, but to avoid light from excessively concentrating, and is filled
Tolerance early stage answers small in wavy, with the growth of the young, the enhancing of mobility, is gradually increased aeration quantity, and later stage adjustment is filled
Tolerance while aeration quantity is adjusted, should also make gas explosion stone be evenly distributed in seedling pond to show slightly fluidized state, and regulating and controlling water quality is arranged
Apply：Once, daily blowdown is secondary after Z5 for the daily blowdown in seedling pond before Z5, moves pond within the 9th day, periodically uses photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus
Regulate and control water quality Deng effective microorganism preparation；
4）Artificial seawater is prepared：It is formulated by the composition of natural sea-water essential element using Nacl, in its composition, except chlorination
Outside sodium, tri- kinds of proportionings of ion of Mg, Ca, K are 3:1:1, salinity is in 10-12 ‰, proportion between 1.005-1.007；
5）Feedstuff feeding：In the next morning of cloth seedling, feeding the fairy shrimp nauplius of hatching 18 hours carries out out food, feeds
Density in 10/milliliter, when the 9th day of cloth after seedling, the i.e. paedomorphosis of Magna shapes to the fifth phase（Z5）After, you can people is fed on a small quantity
Work make egg custard, slowly increase again later, to Z8 after feed based on egg custard, supplemented by artemia nauplii.
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| CN108432675A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-08-24 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | A kind of Eriocheir sinensis live body sampling without damage method and application |
| CN108770742A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-11-09 | 苏州市毛氏阳澄湖水产发展有限公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Macrobrachium rosenbergii high-survival rate |
| CN109042422A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2018-12-21 | 海南广顺泰普海洋育种有限公司 | A kind of litopenaeus vannamei four is mating double cross breeding method |
| CN109258531A (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2019-01-25 | 戴大喜 | A kind of screening technique of Luo pond crayfish fries |
| CN109601451A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-04-12 | 盐城工学院 | A method of improving Macrobrachium rosenbergii egg laying rate of red swamp |
| CN109644912A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-19 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | A kind of Portunus trituberculatus Miers specific pathogen free offspring seed cultivation method |
| CN109673556A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-04-26 | 盐城工学院 | A method of improving freshwater shrimp egg laying rate of red swamp |
| CN110150195A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-08-23 | 天津市水产研究所 | A kind of incubation method of the litopenaeus vannamei young |
| CN110663610A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-01-10 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | Industrialized early breeding method and system for red swamp crayfish |
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| CN108432675A (en) * | 2018-03-06 | 2018-08-24 | 中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心 | A kind of Eriocheir sinensis live body sampling without damage method and application |
| CN108770742A (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-11-09 | 苏州市毛氏阳澄湖水产发展有限公司 | A kind of method for culturing seedlings of Macrobrachium rosenbergii high-survival rate |
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| CN109644912B (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2020-06-02 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Specific pathogen-free seedling cultivation method for portunus trituberculatus |
| CN109644912A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-19 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | A kind of Portunus trituberculatus Miers specific pathogen free offspring seed cultivation method |
| CN109601451A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-04-12 | 盐城工学院 | A method of improving Macrobrachium rosenbergii egg laying rate of red swamp |
| CN109673556A (en) * | 2019-01-30 | 2019-04-26 | 盐城工学院 | A method of improving freshwater shrimp egg laying rate of red swamp |
| CN110150195A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-08-23 | 天津市水产研究所 | A kind of incubation method of the litopenaeus vannamei young |
| CN110150195B (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2021-10-01 | 天津市水产研究所 | Incubation method of litopenaeus vannamei larvae |
| CN110663610A (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2020-01-10 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | Industrialized early breeding method and system for red swamp crayfish |
| CN110663610B (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2023-08-15 | 江苏省淡水水产研究所 | Industrial early propagation method and system for red swamp crayfish |
| CN112655625A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-04-16 | 渤海水产育苗(山东)有限公司 | EHP-free prawn breeding technology |
| CN113475440A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-10-08 | 新荣腾种业有限公司 | Method for breeding penaeus vannamei boone seedlings with glass seedling disease bacterium resistance |
| CN113841638A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-12-28 | 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 | Virus-free fry breeding method for micropterus salmoides |
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