CN107717719B - 研磨头、cmp研磨装置、和半导体集成电路装置的制造方法 - Google Patents
研磨头、cmp研磨装置、和半导体集成电路装置的制造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B24B37/04—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
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Abstract
在CMP研磨装置的研磨头中,在研磨垫上的晶圆和按压晶圆的气囊之间,配置由金属或陶瓷形成的应力分散板,在应力分散板和下方的晶圆之间设置冲击吸收片,以使因压缩空气引起的,从气囊施加于晶圆的压力均匀化。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于使晶圆面内均匀地平坦化的CMP研磨装置的研磨头的构造、具有该研磨头的CMP研磨装置、以及使用该CMP研磨装置的半导体集成电路装置的制造方法。
背景技术
近年来,伴随着半导体集成电路(以下称为LSI)的高度集成化、高性能化,开发出了新的精细加工技术。化学机械研磨(Chemical Mechanical Polishing,以下也取首字母称为CMP)也是其中的一种,是在LSI制造工序,特别是多层布线形成工序中的层间绝缘膜的平坦化、金属插头的形成、埋入布线的形成等中频繁地得到利用的技术。
CMP研磨装置的基本构造有粘贴有研磨垫的旋转平台、晶圆保持头、浆料供给喷嘴,还具备垫的再生装置(调节器(conditioner))。粘贴有研磨垫的旋转平台不一定是一个,还有包括多个旋转平台且它们自转和公转的机构。相反,还存在相对于一个垫具有多个头的旋转平台。
另外,作为对CMP装置进行控制的参数,除了研磨方式之外,还有研磨载荷、平台的旋转速度、头的旋转速度、浆料的选择和供给方法、调节的条件、频率等。
如图8所示,具有在固定晶圆的头部中对气囊进行加压的方法(例如,参照专利文献1)。
另外,存在对气囊进行加压时将晶圆区域细分并进行分压的方法来促进研磨的均匀化的方法(例如,参照专利文献2)。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:日本特开2005-268566号公报;
专利文献2:日本特开2007-005463号公报。
发明内容
发明要解决的课题
以下说明专利文献1中示出的基于利用气囊的加压的固定晶圆的头构造。即,被加压的气囊的压力在气囊的外周部处局部地变为高压,与该部分接触的晶圆区域与其他区域相比被向研磨垫较强地压住,削去比其他晶圆区域多的被研磨绝缘材料。通过过度削去晶圆的一部分区域的被研磨绝缘材料,晶圆面内的研磨均匀性偏差,其结果,产生晶圆面内的绝缘材料的膜厚偏差。产生了膜厚偏差的晶圆区域在电特性方面产生偏差,根据情况还发生电特性方面的异常。
在图9中示出其示意图。上层为截面示意图,中层为平面示意图,下层示出研磨速度(实线)和研磨后的残膜厚度(虚线)。如图9所示,在现有技术中,为了按压晶圆1,引入了压缩空气,在气囊的外周部,局部地,空气的高压力施加于区域6,与中心部相比压力变高。被从上方压在高加压区域的晶圆1的为高加压区域X的压力强的区域的绝缘膜的研磨速率增大,与从上方压住的压力小的中央部相比更多地削去,在高加压区域X中,绝缘膜材料的平坦化之后的晶圆1的面内均匀性恶化。
另外,在采用了专利文献2所示的在对气囊进行加压时将晶圆区域细分并分压的方法的头构造中,由于是具有多个用于空气分压的调整器装置的构造,故装置规模大,为复杂的控制机构。
本发明鉴于上述状况而完成,其目的在于提供构成简单但具有研磨的均匀性的研磨头、具有研磨头的CMP研磨装置、以及使用CMP研磨装置的半导体集成电路装置的制造方法。
用于解决问题的方案
为了解决上述问题,在本发明中使用以下的手段。即,为了均匀地分散从CMP研磨装置的头的气囊对为被研磨材料的晶圆施加的应力,
1. 在气囊下方配置由金属、陶瓷形成的应力分散板,并在应力分散板与下方的晶圆之间设置冲击吸收片。
2. 使应力分散板为层叠体。
3. 使应力分散板的表面为球面形状。
通过单独或者是组合地使用上述手段,实现了均匀地压住晶圆的整个面的构造。
发明效果
通过使用上述手段,在压住晶圆的头部中,均匀地加压的应力传递通过气囊和应力分散板以及冲击吸收片,能够均匀地压住晶圆的整个面,能够提供晶圆的被研磨材料的晶圆面内膜厚偏差得到了降低的研磨头、具有研磨头的CMP研磨装置、以及使用CMP研磨装置的半导体集成电路装置的制造方法。
附图说明
图1是示出本发明的第一实施例的CMP研磨装置的研磨头的示意截面图。
图2是示出本发明的第二实施例的CMP研磨装置的研磨头的示意截面图。
图3是示出本发明的第三实施例的CMP研磨装置的研磨头的示意截面图。
图4是示出本发明的第四实施例的CMP研磨装置的研磨头的示意截面图。
图5是示出本发明的第五实施例的CMP研磨装置的研磨头的示意截面图。
图6是示出本发明的第六实施例的CMP研磨装置的研磨头的示意截面图。
图7是示出本发明的第七实施例的CMP研磨装置的研磨头的示意截面图。
图8是以往的CMP研磨装置的研磨头的示意平面图和示意截面图。
图9是示出在利用以往的CMP研磨装置研磨时的晶圆面内残膜偏差的示意图。
具体实施方式
以下,关于本发明的实施方式,基于附图来说明各自的实施例。
图1是示出本发明的第一实施例的示意截面图,特别示意地示出了CMP研磨装置的头部分的截面构造。如前所述,在图9所示的现有技术中,若将压缩空气导入气囊,则空气的高压力局部地施加于气囊的为外周部的区域6,与中心部相比压力变高。从上方被压住在高加压区域6的晶圆1的压力强的区域的被研磨材料(例如绝缘膜)的研磨速率增大,与从上方压住的压力小的中央部相比更好地削去,位于平坦化之后的晶圆1中的高加压区域6的被研磨材料的面内的均匀性恶化。
在图1的CMP研磨装置中,为在将表面朝下地载置在研磨垫5上的,在表面制作并放入了多个半导体集成电路装置的晶圆1的背面上,配置有气囊4,通过将压缩空气送入气囊4来以从上方压住的方式固定晶圆1的构造。以从侧面包围晶圆1和气囊4的方式配置有固持圈3,且以将它们包围的方式配置有顶圈2。在晶圆1的下方配置有研磨垫5,包含晶圆1的顶圈2一边在研磨垫5上旋转,一边研磨并平坦化晶圆1的表面的被研磨材料(例如,绝缘膜)。
而且,如图1所示,采用在气囊4下,配置有金属、陶瓷等材料的单一素材,或者由复合素材制作的板状的应力分散板101、在更下方,配置有冲击吸收片102(例如,凝胶状片等),以按压晶圆1的构造。此时,由于应力分散板101被以具有仅能够充分地承受气囊4的压力的硬度、以及均匀的厚度的方式设计为最佳的条件,故能够承受来自气囊4的压力(或应力),并均匀地将压力传递至下部。
另外,通过在应力分散板101下配置冲击吸收片102,能够在缓和向晶圆1传递的压力的冲击的同时对晶圆的整个面均匀地传递压力。在此,优选地使应力分散板101和冲击吸收片102的平面形状相同,它们具有比晶圆1大的平面形状。
气囊4是在橡胶等具有柔软度的素材之中填充了压缩空气的部件,且其杨氏模量小。相对于此,设在其下的应力分散板101所使用的金属、陶瓷的杨氏模量在铜的情况下为120GPa左右,在钼的情况下为330GPa左右,在钨的情况下为400GPa左右,在碳化硅的情况下为600GPa左右,在碳化钨的情况下为550GPa左右,与气囊4的杨氏模量相比较,非常高。
因此,从气囊4局部地施加的压力不沿垂直方向,而是沿水平方向分散,应力分散板101不会局部地应变,而是均匀地应变。而且,因应力分散板101的应变引起的应力经由设在下方的冲击吸收片102而被传递至晶圆1,以研磨晶圆1。此时,晶圆周边部处的研磨速度不会因局部地施加的压力而变得极高。
在使应力分散板101为由复合素材形成的层叠体的情况下,优选地,将杨氏模量小的素材配置在气囊侧,将杨氏模量大的素材配置在冲击吸收片侧。例如,在将杨氏模量70GPa左右的铝和杨氏模量400GPa左右的钨的层叠体用于应力分散板101的情况下,优选以使铝与气囊4接触的方式配置,通过采用该构成,容易分散局部的压力,能够进行更为均匀的研磨。
图2是示出本发明的第二实施例的示意截面图,仅简易地示出了CMP研磨装置的气囊4和其下的压力分散板201,省略了其下的冲击吸收片等而图示。首先,如图9所示,在现有技术中,能够掌握局部地施加空气的高压力的高加压区域6的被研磨材料的研磨速率增大,平坦化的均匀性恶化的区域。这是因为,气囊4的压力在与空气流出流入口8、以及固持圈3接近的部分处变高。
相对于在实施例1中是利用具有均匀厚度的应力分散板101的构造,在图2所示的实施例中,为了将高加压区域6的压力(或应力)分散并向下部传递,使应力分散板201的形状为越从空气流出流入口8向晶圆1的中央部方向远离越慢慢地加厚厚度的构造。虽未图示,但进深方向也是同样的形状,与气囊4接触的应力分散板201的上表面为凸球面形状,其中心部最高。与相反侧的冲击吸收片接触的部分为平坦的平面。
通过如此,能够将来自气囊4的压力(或应力)更为均匀地分散,并向下部传递。应力分散板201的厚度可以对每个被研磨材料实施试研磨,一边确认研磨后的晶圆面内的残膜的膜厚差一边调整为最佳的厚度形状。此外,图中的应力分散板201内侧的箭头图示了压力(或应力)的分散情况。在以后的实施例中,也用箭头来图示分散的情况。
接着,图3是示出本发明的第三实施例的示意截面图,相对于实施例1为具有均匀厚度的应力分散板101构造,为了将高加压区域6的压力(或应力)分散并向下部传递,使应力分散板301的形状为仅在空气流出流入口8的正下方部分地具有缓和的曲线形状的凸球面形状的构造,与其他区域相比加厚了应力分散板301的厚度。
通过如此,能够将来自气囊4的压力(或应力)更为均匀地分散,并向下部传递。仅在应力分散板301的空气流出流入口8的正下方部分地设置的缓和的曲线形状的凸球面形状的厚度可以对每个被研磨材料实施试研磨,一边确认研磨后的晶圆面内的残膜的膜厚差一边调整为最佳的厚度形状。
接着,图4是示出本发明的第四实施例的示意截面图,相对于实施例1为具有均匀厚度的应力分散板101构造,为了将高加压区域6的压力(或应力)分散并向下部传递,使应力分散板401的形状为越从空气流出流入口8向晶圆1中央部远离越慢慢地使厚度变薄的构造,且,配合气囊4的形状在应力分散板401的整个区域具有缓和的曲线形状的凹球面形状的构造。
通过如此,能够将来自气囊4的压力(或应力)更为均匀地分散,并向下部传递。应力分散板401的厚度可以对每个被研磨材料实施试研磨,一边确认研磨后的晶圆面内的残膜的膜厚差一边调整为最佳的厚度形状。
接着,图5是示出本发明的第五实施例的示意截面图,相对于实施例1为具有均匀厚度的应力分散板101构造,为了将高加压区域6的压力(或应力)分散并向下部传递,使应力分散板501的形状为仅在空气流出流入口8的正下方部分地具有缓和的曲线形状的凹球面形状的构造,与其他区域相比减薄了应力分散板501的厚度。此外,与相反侧的冲击吸收片接触的部分为平坦的平面。
通过如此,能够将来自气囊4的压力(或应力)更为均匀地分散,并向下部传递。仅在应力分散板501的空气流出流入口8的正下方部分地设置的缓和的曲线形状的凹球面形状的厚度可以对每个被研磨材料实施试研磨,一边确认研磨后的晶圆面内的残膜的膜厚差一边调整为最佳的厚度形状。
接着,图6是示出本发明的第六实施例的示意截面图,相对于实施例1为具有均匀厚度的应力分散板101构造,为了将高加压区域6的压力(或应力)分散并向下部传递,使应力分散板601的形状为使实施例2的凸球面形状上下颠倒,并越从空气流出流入口8向中央部远离越缓和地加厚厚度的构造。
即,为应力分散板601与气囊4接触的上表面为平坦的平面,与相反侧的冲击吸收片接触的下表面具有凸球面形状的构造。通过如此,能够将来自气囊4的压力(或应力)更为均匀地分散,并向下部传递。以应力分散板601的形状为特征的中央部的厚度可以对每个被研磨材料实施试研磨,一边确认研磨后的晶圆面内的残膜的膜厚差一边调整为最佳的厚度形状。
最后,图7是示出本发明的第七实施例的示意截面图,相对于实施例1为具有均匀厚度的应力分散板101构造,为了将高加压区域6的压力(或应力)分散并向下部传递,能够使应力分散板701的形状为与实施例5相比上下反转的形状,从而将来自气囊4的压力(或应力)更均匀地分散,并向下部传递。
仅在应力分散板701的空气流出流入口8的正下方设置的缓和的部分的凹球面形状的厚度可以对每个被研磨材料实施试研磨,一边确认研磨后的晶圆面内的残膜的膜厚差一边调整为具有最佳厚度的形状。
符号说明
1 晶圆
2 顶圈
3 固持圈
4 气囊
5 研磨垫
6、X 高加压区域
8 空气流出流入口
101、201、301、401、501、601、701 应力分散板
102 冲击吸收片。
Claims (13)
1.一种研磨头,其是CMP研磨装置的研磨头,其特征在于,具有:
研磨垫;
气囊,其从载置于所述研磨垫表面的晶圆的背面方向将所述晶圆的表面压住在所述研磨垫上;
固持圈,其包围所述气囊的侧面;
顶圈,其包围所述气囊和所述晶圆和所述固持圈;以及
设置在所述气囊和所述晶圆之间的应力分散板和冲击吸收片,与所述气囊抵接的所述应力分散板的上表面具有球面形状。
2.根据权利要求1所述的研磨头,其特征在于,所述球面形状为凸球面形状。
3.根据权利要求2所述的研磨头,其特征在于,所述凸球面形状在所述气囊的空气流出流入口的下方部分地设置。
4.根据权利要求1所述的研磨头,其特征在于,所述球面形状为凹球面形状。
5.根据权利要求4所述的研磨头,其特征在于,所述凹球面形状在所述气囊的空气流出流入口的下方部分地设置。
6.一种研磨头,其是CMP研磨装置的研磨头,其特征在于,具有:
研磨垫;
气囊,其从载置于所述研磨垫表面的晶圆的背面方向将所述晶圆的表面压住在所述研磨垫上;
固持圈,其包围所述气囊的侧面;
顶圈,其包围所述气囊和所述晶圆和所述固持圈;以及
设置在所述气囊和所述晶圆之间的应力分散板和冲击吸收片,
与所述冲击吸收片抵接的所述应力分散板的下表面具有球面形状。
7.根据权利要求6所述的研磨头,其特征在于,所述球面形状为凸球面形状。
8.根据权利要求6所述的研磨头,其特征在于,所述球面形状为凹球面形状。
9.根据权利要求8所述的研磨头,其特征在于,所述凹球面形状在所述气囊的空气流出流入口的下方部分地设置。
10.根据权利要求1至9中的任一项所述的研磨头,其特征在于,所述应力分散板是由金属、陶瓷中的任一种,或者由两个以上的复合膜形成。
11.根据权利要求10所述的研磨头,其特征在于,所述复合膜是杨氏模量不同的多个素材的层叠体,杨氏模量相对小的素材与所述气囊接触。
12.一种CMP研磨装置,其具有权利要求1至11中的任一项所记载的研磨头。
13.一种半导体集成电路装置的制造方法,其具有利用权利要求12所记载的CMP研磨装置使晶圆表面平坦化的工序。
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CN111168561B (zh) * | 2019-12-26 | 2022-05-13 | 西安奕斯伟材料科技有限公司 | 研磨头及晶圆研磨装置 |
KR102304948B1 (ko) * | 2020-01-13 | 2021-09-24 | (주)제이쓰리 | 반도체 웨이퍼 형상을 제어하는 웨이퍼 가공용 헤드 장치 |
CN111993268A (zh) * | 2020-08-24 | 2020-11-27 | 台州市老林装饰有限公司 | 一种晶圆研磨头装置 |
CN112677047A (zh) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-20 | 杭州蒙托机械科技有限公司 | 一种避免摇晃且能够吹散灰尘的小型抛光头保护装置 |
CN115673908B (zh) * | 2023-01-03 | 2023-03-10 | 北京特思迪半导体设备有限公司 | 一种半导体基材抛光设备中晶圆压头及其设计方法 |
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