CN107709197A - 传送带 - Google Patents

传送带 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107709197A
CN107709197A CN201680034227.5A CN201680034227A CN107709197A CN 107709197 A CN107709197 A CN 107709197A CN 201680034227 A CN201680034227 A CN 201680034227A CN 107709197 A CN107709197 A CN 107709197A
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Prior art keywords
conveyer belt
fibrous layer
dimensional directions
belt
rubber cover
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Granted
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CN201680034227.5A
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English (en)
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CN107709197B (zh
Inventor
宫岛纯
铃木悦子
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Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd
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Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd
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Publication of CN107709197A publication Critical patent/CN107709197A/zh
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    • B65G15/00—Conveyors having endless load-conveying surfaces, i.e. belts and like continuous members, to which tractive effort is transmitted by means other than endless driving elements of similar configuration
    • B65G15/30—Belts or like endless load-carriers
    • B65G15/32—Belts or like endless load-carriers made of rubber or plastics
    • B65G15/34—Belts or like endless load-carriers made of rubber or plastics with reinforcing layers, e.g. of fabric
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    • B32B15/06—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of natural rubber or synthetic rubber
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Belt Conveyors (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种不必增大传送带的运转所需的能量，就能抑制由投入至上覆盖胶的输送物产生的上覆盖胶的损伤而延长传送带的耐用期限的传送带。夹着芯体层(2)配置上覆盖胶(3)和下覆盖胶(4)，在上覆盖胶(3)的至少带宽度方向中央部，使由高强度纤维(6)构成的保护纤维层(5)在带长尺寸方向连续地延伸，在作用于传送带(1)的带长尺寸方向的张力为设定张力(Ts)以下的条件下，将保护纤维层(5)的带长尺寸方向的弹性模量(E)设为规定以下的低弹性模量(E1)，在作用于传送带(1)的带长尺寸方向的张力为高于设定张力(Ts)的规定的高张力的条件下，将保护纤维层(5)的带长尺寸方向的弹性模量(E)设为高于低弹性模量(E1)的高弹性模量(E2)。

Description

传送带
技术领域
本发明涉及一种传送带，更详细而言，涉及一种不必增大传送带的运转所需的能量，就能抑制由投入至上覆盖胶的输送物产生的上覆盖胶的损伤而延长传送带的耐用期限的传送带。
背景技术
在传送带的上覆盖胶与下覆盖胶之间，埋设有承受传送带张紧设置时的张力的芯体层。当芯体层损伤时，难以正常地张紧设置传送带，因此，对于确保传送带的运转，重要的是防止芯体层的损伤。
输送物被投入至上覆盖胶，但其投入高度越大、或者输送物的重量越大，上覆盖胶所受到的冲击就越大。然后，该冲击越大，上覆盖胶的变形就越大，从而会促进损伤。当上覆盖胶的损伤过大时，对芯体层也容易带来损伤，随之传送带的耐用期限也变短。
再者，提出了通过在上覆盖胶埋设增强层来提高传送带的耐热性以及耐冲击性的构造(参照专利文献1)。在该提案的构造中，构成增强层的纵线的长尺寸方向的弹性模量设定为低于抗拉体层(芯体层)，横线具有耐热性以及耐冲击性。即，在该提案中，增强层由纵线和横线构成是前提，没有考虑其他构成。然后，通过将纵线的长尺寸方向的弹性模量设定为低于拉体层(芯体层)，能避免传送带弯曲时的弯曲刚度变得过大。
然而，若降低纵线的长尺寸方向的弹性模量，则在上覆盖胶受到大的冲击时，缓和该冲击的效果变小。因此，难以长期地保护芯体层免受输送物的投入所产生的冲击，对于延长传送带的耐用期限不利。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本特开平2-261711号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
本发明的目的在于，提供一种不必增大传送带的运转所需的能量，就能抑制由投入至上覆盖胶的输送物产生的上覆盖胶的损伤而延长传送带的耐用期限的传送带。
技术方案
为了达成上述目的，本发明的传送带具备芯体层以及夹着该芯体层上下分别配置的上覆盖胶和下覆盖胶，其特征在于，在所述上覆盖胶的至少带宽度方向中央部，由高强度纤维构成的保护纤维层在带长尺寸方向连续地延伸，若作用于所述传送带的带长尺寸方向的张力为所述传送带张紧设置于带轮间时所作用的设定张力以下，则所述保护纤维层的带长尺寸方向的弹性模量为规定以下的低弹性模量，若作用于所述传送带的带长尺寸方向的张力为高于所述设定张力的规定的高张力，则所述保护纤维层的带长尺寸方向的弹性模量为高于所述低弹性模量的高弹性模量。
有益效果
根据本发明，在供输送物主要投入的上覆盖胶的带宽度方向中央部配置有保护纤维层，但在设定张力以下的张力作用于传送带的长尺寸方向的条件下，所述保护纤维层的带长尺寸方向的弹性模量为规定以下的低弹性模量，因此，对于传送带弯曲时的弯曲刚度实质上没有影响，传送带的运转所需的能量不会变大。另一方面，在高于设定张力的规定的高张力作用于传送带的长尺寸方向的条件下，所述保护纤维层的带长尺寸方向的弹性模量为高于所述低弹性模量的高弹性模量，因此，由所投入的输送物产生的冲击能通过保护纤维层充分地缓和。因此，能有效地防止芯体层损伤，因此对于延长传送带的耐用期限非常有利。
在此，例如，采用所述保护纤维层的所述低弹性模量以及所述高弹性模量起因于所述保护纤维层的编织结构的构成。具体而言，将高强度纤维设为针织(Knit)、平纹针织(Jersey)等来构成保护纤维层。
或者，也可以采用所述保护纤维层的所述低弹性模量以及所述高弹性模量起因于所述保护纤维层的配置结构的构成。具体而言，将保护纤维层自身以在传送带的厚度方向模压成波浪状的方式配置。
也可以采用所述保护纤维层配置于比所述上覆盖胶的层厚的1/2的尺寸浅的位置的构成。根据该构成，从所投入的输送物受到的冲击在上覆盖胶的表面附近通过保护纤维层而被缓和。因此，受到损伤的上覆盖胶的深度方向范围变小，因此对于延长传送带的耐用期限有利。
也可以采用所述保护纤维层上下层叠地配置有多层的构成。根据该构成，从所投入的输送物受到的冲击通过多个保护纤维层而被缓和。随之，上覆盖胶的损伤变小，对于延长传送带的耐用期限有利。
也可以采用所述保护纤维层以可在带长尺寸方向分割为多个的方式配置的构成。根据该构成，在万一产生保护纤维层被剥离的不良状况的情况下，能将保护纤维层被剥离的面积抑制得小。为了可分割为多个，预先在带长尺寸方向将保护纤维层分割为规定长度。或者，采用在保护纤维层的带长尺寸方向以规定间隔预先设置狭缝(裂缝)，在剥离的外力作用时，分割为规定长度的构成。
此时，例如，采用所述保护纤维层的在带长尺寸方向分割时的带长尺寸方向的长度为1m以下的构成。当该带长尺寸方向长度过长时，保护纤维层被剥离时其面积变大，当该带长尺寸方向长度过短时，也有时带制造工序变得繁杂。
作为所述高强度纤维，例如，使用芳纶纤维、PBO纤维、高强度聚乙烯纤维、聚芳酯纤维或者超高强度PVA纤维的任一种。
附图说明
图1是举例示出本发明的传送带的横截面图。
图2是通过俯视举例示出图1的传送带的内部构造的说明图。
图3是通过侧视举例示出图1的传送带的内部构造的说明图。
图4是通过侧视举例示出张紧设置于带轮间的本发明的传送带的说明图。
图5是图4的A-A剖面图。
图6是通过侧视举例示出本发明的传送带的另一实施方式的内部构造的说明图。
图7是通过侧视举例示出本发明的传送带的又一实施方式的内部构造的说明图。
图8是通过俯视举例示出图7的保护纤维层的说明图。
图9是通过俯视举例示出图7的保护纤维层的变形例的说明图。
图10是通过侧视举例示出本发明的传送带的又一实施方式的内部构造的说明图。
图11是通过侧视举例示出本发明的传送带的又一实施方式的内部构造的说明图。
具体实施方式
以下，基于图中所示的实施方式对本发明的传送带进行说明。需要说明的是，图中的单点划线CL表示带宽度方向中心。
图1～图3所举例示出的本发明的传送带1具备：芯体层2、以及在上下夹着芯体层2配置的上覆盖胶3和下覆盖胶4，它们经过硫化工序而一体化。芯体层2是由纤维构成的帆布层、或者由许多根钢帘线在带宽度方向呈横向排列状态而构成的钢帘线层。若详细说明，则芯体层2由缓冲橡胶覆盖，该缓冲橡胶与上覆盖胶3以及下覆盖胶4通过硫化粘接而接合。
作为上覆盖胶3、下覆盖胶4，例如使用由至少含有天然橡胶的二烯系橡胶形成并通过炭黑等使耐磨耗性良好的橡胶组合物。上覆盖胶3以及下覆盖胶4的层厚根据传送带1所要求的性能适当确定。缓冲橡胶是粘接性优异的橡胶。
在本发明中，进一步具备由高强度纤维6构成的保护纤维层5。在该实施方式中，保护纤维层5为一层，但也可以设为多层。高强度纤维6是指例如拉伸强度为2GPa以上的纤维。作为高强度纤维6，例如，使用芳纶纤维、PBO(poly-p-phenylenebenzobisoxazole：聚对苯撑苯并双恶唑)纤维、高强度聚乙烯纤维、聚芳酯纤维或者超高强度PVA(polyvinylalcohol：聚乙烯醇)纤维的任一种。高强度纤维6构成为单丝(monofilament)、或者纱线，外径例如为0.1mm以上且1.5mm以下。保护纤维层5的层厚例如为0.15mm以上且2.0mm以下。
保护纤维层5配置于上覆盖胶3的至少带宽度方向中央部。带宽度方向中央部是指带宽度B的50％以上且70％以下左右的带宽度方向中央部的范围。保护纤维层5也可以配置于带的整个宽度。
保护纤维层5配置于比上覆盖胶3的层厚T的1/2的尺寸浅的位置，与上覆盖胶3接合并在带长尺寸方向连续地延伸。即，保护纤维层5遍及带长尺寸方向整个一周地配置成环状。可以将保护纤维层5配置为露出至上覆盖胶3的表面，也可以将保护纤维层5埋设于上覆盖胶3而配置为非露出状态。除此之外，传送带1还适当追加配置于带宽度方向两端部的耳胶等其他构成要素来构成。
如图4～图5所举例示出，传送带1张紧设置于带轮7a、7b之间。传送带1在导轮侧通过托辊8被保持为向下方突出的槽状，因此，所投入的输送物C主要载置于带宽度方向中央部。
在张紧设置于带轮7a、7b的传送带1，规定的设定张力Ts作用于带长尺寸方向。作用于传送带1的张力实质上由芯体层2承受，因此，规定的设定张力Ts作用于芯体层2的带长尺寸方向。因此，保护纤维层5实质上不承受作用于传送带1的张力。
在本发明中，将保护纤维层5设为特殊规格。在作用于传送带1(芯体层2)的带长尺寸方向的张力为设定张力Ts以下的条件下，保护纤维层5的带长尺寸方向的弹性模量E为规定以下的低弹性模量E1。另一方面，若作用于传送带1(芯体层2)的带长尺寸方向的张力为高于设定张力Ts的规定的高张力Th，则保护纤维层5的带长尺寸方向的弹性模量E为高于低弹性模量E1的高弹性模量E2。
设定张力Ts的大小根据传送带1的规格而不同，设定为传送带1正常运转的适当的值，通常设为传送带1的公称强度(带强度的公称(带的每1mm宽度的拉伸强度(N/mm)的最小值)的1/10左右。此时的传送带1(芯体层2)的伸长率也取决于材质，但为0.3以上且3％以下，芯体层2的弹性模量也取决于带的公称强度，但大致表示1000N/mm以上且10000N/mm以下。对此，低弹性模量E1例如为10N/mm·ply以上且100N/mm·ply以下。在此，[N/mm]是指作用于带芯体层每1mm宽度的拉伸强度或者弹性模量。[N/mm·ply]是指作用于一层单层的每1mm宽度的拉伸强度或者弹性模量。
高张力Th是指由所投入的输送物C等在传送带1产生的局部的过大张力。芯体层2的每单位宽度W的高张力Th(Th/W)的值例如为400N/mm以上且2500N/mm以下。高弹性模量E2例如为200N/mm·ply以上且1000N/mm·ply以下。或者，高弹性模量E2为低弹性模量E1的200％以上且10000％以下。
即，对于保护纤维层5，在其带长尺寸方向的刚性低的区域，伸长率例如为5％以上且20％以下，成为相对高伸长率的规格。另一方面，在其带长尺寸方向的刚性为中等程度～高的区域，伸长率成为相对低伸长率的规格。
在该传送带1，保护纤维层5配置于上覆盖胶3，但在设定张力Ts以下的张力作用于传送带1的长尺寸方向的条件下，保护纤维层5的带长尺寸方向的弹性模量E为低弹性模量E1以下。因此，传送带1绕着带轮7a、7b走行并弯曲时的弯曲刚度不会变得特别大，对于传送带1的弯曲性实质上没有影响。即，在传送带1正常运转的条件下，即使存在保护纤维层5，传送带1的带长尺寸方向的弯曲刚度也实质上不变。因此，传送带1的运转所需的能量不会变大。
另一方面，在规定的高张力Th作用于传送带1的长尺寸方向的条件下，保护纤维层5的带长尺寸方向的弹性模量E为高弹性模量E2，因此，在比正常运转时所作用的设定张力Ts大一定程度的张力作用于传送带1时，保护纤维层5被拉伸，在保护纤维层5于带长尺寸方向产生相应的张力。
因此，传送带1从所投入的输送物受到的冲击能通过在保护纤维层5产生的该相应的张力被分散于整个保护纤维层5而充分地进行缓和。换言之，该冲击通过保护纤维层5被缓和、吸收，因此，在上覆盖胶3产生的形变减少。因此，会抑制上覆盖胶3的损伤，随之，能有效地防止芯体层2损伤。因此，对于延长传送带1的耐用期限非常有利。
在该实施方式中，仅在作为输送物C被投入、载置的主要范围的上覆盖胶3的带中央部配置有保护纤维层5，因此，能使保护纤维层5的面积最小化，并且能有效地抑制上覆盖胶3的损伤。此外，也有助于传送带1的轻型化。
保护纤维层5可以相对于上覆盖胶3的深度方向配置于任意的位置，但如该实施方式，当配置于比上覆盖胶3的层厚T的1/2的尺寸浅的位置时，从所投入的输送物C受到的冲击在上覆盖胶3的表面附近被缓和。因此，因该冲击受到损伤的上覆盖胶3的深度方向范围变小，因此对于延长传送带1的耐用期限有利。
为了如上所述将保护纤维层5的弹性模量E设定为低弹性模量E1以及高弹性模量E2，例如，通过设计保护纤维层5的编织结构来实现。具体而言，将高强度纤维6设为针织、平纹针织等富有伸缩性的编织结构。
作为如上所述将保护纤维层5的弹性模量E设定为低弹性模量E1以及高弹性模量E2的另一方法，也可以通过设计保护纤维层5的配置结构来实现。具体而言，并不是仅使保护纤维层5的纵线上下波动，而是如图6所举例示出，将保护纤维层5自身以在传送带1的厚度方向上下模压成波浪状的方式配置。即使仅使纵线上下波动，在设定张力Ts以下的张力条件下，也无法充分降低保护纤维层5的弹性模量E，但通过使保护纤维层5自身上下波动，能确保满意的低弹性模量E1。当然，通过如上所述地设计保护纤维层5的编织结构，并且如上所述地设计保护纤维层5的配置结构，也能如上所述将保护纤维层5的弹性模量E设定为低弹性模量E1以及高弹性模量E2。
保护纤维层5也可以采用在带长尺寸方向连续地接合的构成，但也可以采用以可分割为多个的方式配置的构成。例如，如图7、图8所举例示出，也可以在带长尺寸方向邻接配置多个规定长度L的分割体5A来构成保护纤维层5。具体而言，将在带长尺寸方向完全分离的分割体5A在带长尺寸方向邻接配置。或者，如图9所举例示出，采用在保护纤维层5的带长尺寸方向以规定间隔L预先设置狭缝S(裂缝)，在剥离的外力作用于保护纤维层5时，分割为规定长度L的构成。
设置保护纤维层5的优点如上所述，但例如也会假定配置为在上覆盖胶3滑动的刮板由于某种原因而与保护纤维层5接触的情况。即使在这样的情况下，若采用保护纤维层5可分割为多个的构成，则即使在万一产生刮板等与保护纤维层接触而保护纤维层5被剥离的不良状况的情况下，保护纤维层5被剥离的面积也仅为规定长度L的部分的面积而已。因此，能将被剥离的保护纤维层5的面积抑制得小，能使由此产生的传送带1的损伤最小化。
该保护纤维层5的规定长度L例如设定为1m以下。当该规定长度L过长时，保护纤维层5被剥离时其面积变大。另一方面，当该规定长度L过短时，也有时保护纤维层5(分割体5A)的管理等变得复杂，带制造工序变得繁杂。因此，保护纤维层5的规定长度L例如设为0.5m以上且1m以下为好。
在将分割体5A在带长尺寸方向邻接配置时，如图10所举例示出，也可以使分割体5A的带长尺寸方向的一端部潜入邻接的分割体5A的带长尺寸方向的另一端部的下侧，使其上下重叠地配置。由此，形成仅分割体5A的带长尺寸方向的端部之间上下重叠的配置。当预先通过粘接力优异的缓冲橡胶覆盖这些端部时，分割体5的带长尺寸方向的端部变得难以翘起。
在将保护纤维层5上下层叠并配置多层的情况下，例如，使保护纤维层相互平行配置。或者，如图11所举例示出，也可以在邻接配置于带长尺寸方向的分割体5A之间使分割体5A的带长尺寸方向的一半的范围上下重叠。
多个保护纤维层5例如使粘接橡胶夹于其间而在上覆盖胶3的厚度方向等间隔地配置。在配置多个保护纤维层5的情况下，从所投入的输送物C受到的冲击通过各保护纤维层5被缓和。此外，不仅是因冲击在上覆盖胶3产生的单轴拉伸，对于降低双轴拉伸的形变也有利。因此，上覆盖胶3的损伤变小，对于延长传送带1的耐用期限有利。
符号说明
1 传送带
2 芯体层
3 上覆盖胶
4 下覆盖胶
5 保护纤维层
5A 分割体
6、6a、6b 高强度纤维
7a、7b 带轮
8 托辊
C 输送物
S 狭缝

Claims (8)

1.一种传送带，具备芯体层以及夹着所述芯体层上下分别配置的上覆盖胶和下覆盖胶，其特征在于，在所述上覆盖胶的至少带宽度方向中央部，由高强度纤维构成的保护纤维层在带长尺寸方向连续地延伸，若作用于所述传送带的带长尺寸方向的张力为所述传送带张紧设置于带轮间时所作用的设定张力以下，则所述保护纤维层的带长尺寸方向的弹性模量为规定以下的低弹性模量，若作用于所述传送带的带长尺寸方向的张力为高于所述设定张力的规定的高张力，则所述保护纤维层的带长尺寸方向的弹性模量为高于所述低弹性模量的高弹性模量。
2.根据权利要求1所述的传送带，其中，所述保护纤维层的所述低弹性模量以及所述高弹性模量起因于所述保护纤维层的编织结构。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的传送带，其中，所述保护纤维层的所述低弹性模量以及所述高弹性模量起因于所述保护纤维层的配置结构。
4.根据权利要求1～3中任一项所述的传送带，其中，所述保护纤维层配置于比所述上覆盖胶的层厚的1/2的尺寸浅的位置。
5.根据权利要求1～4中任一项所述的传送带，其中，所述保护纤维层上下层叠地配置有多层。
6.根据权利要求1～5中任一项所述的传送带，其中，所述保护纤维层以可在带长尺寸方向分割为多个的方式配置。
7.根据权利要求6所述的传送带，其中，所述保护纤维层的在带长尺寸方向分割时的带长尺寸方向的长度为1m以下。
8.根据权利要求1～7中任一项所述的传送带，其中，所述高强度纤维为芳纶纤维、PBO纤维、高强度聚乙烯纤维、聚芳酯纤维或者超高强度PVA纤维的任一种。
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