CN107698402A - A kind of dragon fruit biological slow-release fertilizer - Google Patents
A kind of dragon fruit biological slow-release fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN107698402A CN107698402A CN201711138396.6A CN201711138396A CN107698402A CN 107698402 A CN107698402 A CN 107698402A CN 201711138396 A CN201711138396 A CN 201711138396A CN 107698402 A CN107698402 A CN 107698402A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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Abstract
A kind of dragon fruit biological slow-release fertilizer, including urea, potassium polyphosphate, roasting bone meal, magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride, trace element, Tea Saponin, vegetable oil bran cake, maltose and bentonite, the dragon fruit biological slow-release fertilizer is by making potassium polyphosphate and roasting bone meal by oneself, effectively slow releasing function and bio-fertilizer effect are provided, using not needing top dressing after the dragon fruit biological slow-release fertilizer, dragon fruit yield can be effectively increased, improves dragon fruit sugar content, reduces dragon fruit illness rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Crop fertilizer field, more particularly to a kind of dragon fruit biological slow-release fertilizer.
Background technology
Dragon fruit（Latin literary fame：Hylocereus undulatus Britt）, also known as Hylocereus undatus, passion plant, Pitaya fruit,
Yulong fruit.Cactaceae, hylocereus platymiscium.
Fruit, oval, 10-12 centimetres of diameter, outward appearance are red or yellow, there is the lobate of green rounded triangle
Body, white, red or yellow pulp, there is the fruit of black seeds.
Dragon fruit is nutritious, function is unique, and it contains the rare vegetable albumin of general plant and anthocyanidin, rich
Rich vitamin and water-soluble dietary fiber.Dragon fruit belongs to cool property fruit, and in its natural state, fruit is ripe in summer and autumn, taste
Sweet tea, succulence.
Dragon fruit is the torrid zone, subtropical fruit, light shade tolerant, heat-resisting drought-enduring, manurial-philous resistance to lean.Filled in warm and moist, light
Grow rapid under the environment of foot, should water during spring and summer outdoor cropping more, its root system is kept vigorous growth state, in wet weather even
Continuous weather answers timely draining, in case bacteria infection causes stem meat to rot.Its stem, which is attached on rock, can also grow, plant wind resistance power pole
By force, as long as support firmly can be Anti-Typhoon.
The resistance to 0 DEG C of low temperature of dragon fruit and 40 DEG C of high temperature, the optimum temperature of growth is 25-35 DEG C.Dragon fruit is suitable for a variety of soil
Earth, but with more containing humus, the neutral soil and faintly acid soil of retain water and nutrients are preferably.
Slow-release fertilizer has fertilizer amount reduction, and utilization rate improves, using the advantages that convenient, saving of labor is safe, at present, slow-release fertilizer
The direction of countries in the world fertilizer industry sustainable development is turned into.And in terms of the slow-release fertilizer used in sugarcane, people are also continuous
Studied, at present, slow-release fertilizer has turned into the direction of countries in the world fertilizer industry sustainable development.Slow-release fertilizer has organic synthesis type
Two kinds of slow-release fertilizer and envelope type slow release fertilizer, wherein, envelope type slow release fertilizer has excellent controllable sustained-release performance, is always slow-release fertilizer
The emphasis direction and main task of research and development.But the coated fertilizer that envelope type slow release fertilizer uses at present is generally non-nutriment in a fertilizer polymerization
Thing, effective nutriment in a fertilizer is low, and product cost is high, and non-nutriment in a fertilizer polymer price is high, ultimately results in yield and sugar is relatively low, cause simultaneously
Ecological environmental pollution
It is to retrieve the document about dragon fruit slow-release fertilizer below：
Chinese patent 1, title：A kind of dragon fruit Controlled Release Fertilizer；Application number：201610716494.2；The applying date：2016-08-24；
Applicant：Guangxi Guan Qiang agricultural developments Co., Ltd；Make a summary a kind of dragon fruit Controlled Release Fertilizer, including following raw material：Fertilizer
Grain, coating；The fertiliser granulates, including following raw material：Duck excrement, horsehit, cow dung, waste residue, earthworm powder, compound bacteria, trace element,
Water-loss reducer, dispersant, conditioner, bleeding agent, conditioning agent, tackifier；The coating, including following raw material：Animal glue, carborundum
Fiber, sodium phosphate, anti-blushing agent, oxidant, coupling agent, cold-resistance agent, waterproofing agent, synergist, bleeding agent, flocculation agent, alkaline carclazyte,
Sludge, ammonium nitrate.The dragon fruit Controlled Release Fertilizer controlled release rate of the present invention is moderate and stablizes, and fertiliser granulates nutrition is balanced, can effectively drop
The turnover rate of low fertilizer, the utilization ratio of fertilizer is improved, promote dragon fruit quickly to grow up healthy and sound, improved dragon fruit yield and sugar contains
Amount；The dragon fruit Controlled Release Fertilizer of the present invention can not only effectively preventing disease and pest, shorten growth cycle, improve crop yield, and
Soil environment can be improved.
Chinese patent 2, title：A kind of dragon fruit chemical fertilizer；Application number：201510489288.8；The applying date：2015-08-
11；Applicant：The prosperous agricultural machinery Co., Ltds of Qingdao Bao Tang；Summary：A kind of dragon fruit chemical fertilizer, according to mass fraction include below into
Point：Urea 20-22 parts, ammonium nitrate 3-5 parts, potassium chloride 13-15 parts, phosphate fertilizer 18-20 parts, sodium molybdate 4-6 parts, potassium sulfate 16-18
Part, magnesium sulfate 0.2-0.4 parts, ferrous sulfate 0.7-0.9 parts, zinc chloride 0.5-0.7 parts, manganese sulfate 0.1-0.3 parts, rotted pig manure
8-10 parts, bone meal 20-30 parts, the present invention can make dragon fruit, prematurity, morning are born fruit, shedding, fruit are swollen less with long-acting slow-release
Greatly, it is rich in sugar, in good taste.
As can be seen that existing dragon fruit slow-release fertilizer is mixed using simple sustained release agent mostly from above-mentioned document, though
Certain slow releasing function can be so played, but it is ineffective, the introduction for changing soil fertilizer rate fertilizer conservation using microorganism is also had no,
If not top dressing can influence the growth of dragon fruit.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of dragon fruit biological slow-release fertilizer, and the dragon fruit biological slow-release fertilizer is according to flue
What the nutrient uptake feature of fruit growth was prepared, the various nutrient elements needed for dragon fruit growth can be provided, and in fertilizer
Nutritional ingredient can slowly discharge, and fertilizer efficiency is permanent, be advantageous to improve the utilization rate of fertilizer, play increasing both production and income, improve dragon fruit
Sugar content, reduce the effect of flue fruit tree illness rate.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
The dragon fruit biological slow-release fertilizer, include the raw material of following parts by weight：
45~60 parts of urea；25~28 parts of potassium polyphosphate；Roasting 35~50 parts of bone meal；0.2~0.4 part of magnesium sulfate；Calcium chloride 0.2
~0.3 part；1~1.5 part of trace element；2~5 parts of Tea Saponin；8~15 parts of vegetable oil bran cake；10~15 parts of maltose；Swelling
10~15 parts of soil.
The preparation method of described potassium polyphosphate comprises the following steps：
Burnt 1. yellow phosphorus is placed in combustion furnace at 450~600 DEG C, obtain P2O5Gas；
2. with blower fan by P2O5Gas is extracted into polymerization tower, and watering incessantly makes P2O5Gas is molten into water, into solution
P2O5Weight concentration reach 70~90%, obtain solution；
3. in obtained solution, according to hydrogen sulfide gas:Solution is 1:1000~2000 part by weight is by hydrogen sulfide gas
It is passed through in solution, reaction generation arsenones solid, filtering, the arsenic content detected in solution drops to below 1PPM, and heavy metal contains
Amount drops to 30 below PPM, obtains polyphosphoric acids；
4. obtained polyphosphoric acids is slowly dropped in the potassium hydroxide solution that mass fraction is more than 65%, strict control is anti-
The temperature answered stirs when being added dropwise, reacted 120~180 minutes, detect K in product between 15~45 DEG C2O and P2O5Weight
Percentage composition, treat K in product2O content is 33%, P2O5Content is 10%, and reaction terminates, and potassium polyphosphate is made.
Described roasting bone meal is by the fresh bone of the animal with meat and animal skin waste material, animal fat and the soil smashed
It is put into after stirring in stove, isolation air heating, temperature is 180~300 DEG C, bone is become coke yellow, Animal Skin
Hair waste material becomes charcoal ash, takes out, and places room temperature, the powder broken into below 100 mesh, obtains roasting bone meal；Its part by weight is weight
Amount is according to 5 parts of bone, 40~50 parts of soil；3~5 parts of animal skin waste material；2~3 parts of animal fat.
Described trace element and weight ratio are Mg:Ca:Mn:Zn:Fe:Al:Cu=4:3:3:2:2:1:1.
Described vegetable oil bran cake is the slag that leaves after oil plant oil expression, including peanut press pulp, soyabean bran, vegetable seed bran, wheat
Bran, peanut press pulp, tung oil bran, sunflower bran or palm bran.
By urea, potassium polyphosphate, roasting bone meal, magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride, trace element, Tea Saponin, vegetable oil bran cake, wheat
After bud sugar and bentonite mixing, particle is made, is sent into high temperature furnace, after being toasted 15~30 minutes at a temperature of 180~200 DEG C,
Stir therebetween 3~5 times, after light coke yellow is presented in particle surface and distributes light burnt odor taste, takes out natural cooling, be packaged into
Product.
In the present invention the reason for bone meal roasting using self-control：The roasting bone meal is by the fresh bone of the animal with meat and Animal Skin
Hair waste material, grease and soil are put into stove after stirring, and isolation air heating, temperature is 180~300 DEG C, can be made
Obtain organic grease and all absorptions of nutritional ingredient soil that bone and animal skin waste material volatilize in high temperature, obtained roasting bone meal
Not only contain part face cream, also containing high calcium bone meal, amino acid and trace element, be very easy to be absorbed by plants, bake bone meal
Value is the same as our letting animals feeds, and animal feed not only needs starch, with greater need for grease, albumen and trace element, plant
These compositions are also required to, enables to crop root to produce many beneficial organisms as fertilizer roasting bone meal and assembles, microbial bacteria
Group is abundant, makes loosing soil fertile.
Tea Saponin used（Tea Saponin）, also known as TS.It is a kind of soaps extracted from teaseed cake dregs,
Basic structure is made up of triterpenoid saponin, structure sugar, structure acid.Tea Saponin has desinsection, sterilization, stimulates the biologies such as plant growth living
Property.Tea Saponin can degrade automatically, nonhazardous, and Tea Saponin has certain stomach toxicity and stronger deterrent effect, and concentration to cabbage caterpillar
Higher, deterrent is stronger, and endangering cabbage to preventing and treating cabbage caterpillar has certain effect.It is used as insecticide control underground on landscape flower
Insect, such as cutworm, nematode insect.The Tea Saponin added in the present invention can play a part of insects repellant, so as to carry
The insect-pest ability of high dragon fruit.
Why vegetable oil bran cake is added, because peanut press pulp, soyabean bran, vegetable seed bran, wheat bran, peanut press pulp, tea bran, tung oil
Bran, sunflower bran or palm bran contain a large number of nutrients, and the very easy composition absorbed of plant, You Renshi are obtained through everfermentation
Test and mix peanut cake ratio in wheat soil and mix 1,000 times of cinder planting；Tea bran, tung oil have disease and insect resistance effect, and they are soaked dilute
Release and be poured onto plant root, can effectively prevent pest and disease damage；Peanut press pulp, soyabean bran, vegetable seed bran, wheat bran, peanut press pulp, tea bran, tung oil
Bran, sunflower bran or palm bran all contain grease and protein, and plant absorption being capable of healthy growth！Again for example, tea son bran and other
The organic fertilizers such as peanut press pulp, big soyabean bran are the same, are a kind of extraordinary organic fertilizer after fermentation, i.e., it is not single containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium,
Big-and-middle amount nutrient necessary to the plant growth of magnesium etc., and contain plant growth institute essential trace element.Organic fertilizer
Improvement soil granular structure can be played, improves the ability of the fertilizer conservation of soil, water conservation and effective microorganisms, makes soil more ventilative
Property.Also, organic matter fertilizer efficiency is lasting, and toxic action of the various heavy to plant in soil can be passivated.Tea seed bran water sheet
Body has antisepsis, enables to spray to extend the shelf life.
Why maltose is added, maltose is the distinctive sugar of plant, and maltose is usually used in culture medium raw material, because its
In addition to containing abundant nutriment and sugar, also with corrosion-resistant function, maltose is added in the special fertilizer of fruit tree,
On the one hand the sugariness of fruit can be improved, and fruit will not turn sour, and on the other hand also function to corrosion-resistant effect.
Bentonite (Bentonite) is the nonmetallic minerals using montmorillonite as main mineral constituent.It has special suction
Water-based, hydroplasticity, caking property and stronger ion exchangeable, after bentonite is manured into soil, energy water swelling, change in soil
Solid, liquid, the ratio of gas, make soil texture is loose, play a part of improve soil physical property, make soil water-retaining, protect
Fertilizer and not contaminated soil environment, are extremely effective soil conditioner in arid area.There is bentonite higher cation to hand over
The amount of changing, stronger water holding capacity and good cohesiveness, cation exchange capacity (CEC) are an important indicators of soil fertilizer fertilizer.It is swollen
Profit soil is used for improved soil, and in addition to stronger fertilizer conservation water retention property, it can also strengthen the buffer capacity of soil, absorption
Harmful element in soil.Bentonite is added to the decomposition rate that organic materials can be reduced in soil, improves humification coefficient,
So as to increase the content of organic matter and quality, soil enzyme activities is improved, improves soil fertility.And bentonite also have compared with
Strong suction-operated, make the slow-released carrier of urea using bentonite, prepare sustained release nitrogenous fertilizer, there is provided the fertilizer utilization of nitrogen
Rate.
Advantage of the invention is that：
（1）The homemade potassium polyphosphate nutrient content of the present invention is high, and dissolubility is good, is not easy and calcium, magnesium, iron, aluminium plasma reaction
And phosphate radical is failed, potassium polyphosphate is a kind of quickly fertilizer with long-acting combination, and required P elements can be provided for crop
And potassium element, PA 800K are easily absorbed by crops.Property is stable at normal temperatures for the homemade potassium polyphosphate of the present invention, under normal temperature
3 months are placed without precipitation, is transported and easy to use.But the production of PA 800K is not easily controlled, the present invention prepares poly phosphorus
Sour potassium, the order that material adds must be that polyphosphoric acids is added drop-wise in potassium hydroxide, because polyphosphoric acids viscosity is very big and reacts
Substantial amounts of heat can be released, if potassium hydroxide is added drop-wise in polyphosphoric acids, reaction heat is difficult to pass to cooling device, is easily led
Cause local temperature is too high to cause the PA 800K hydrolysis of generation and fail.And the concentration of potassium hydroxide used need to 65% with
On, otherwise water in products point is excessive, can not obtain required K2O and P2O5Content.The present invention prepares dragon fruit slow-release fertilizer and first prepared
Potassium polyphosphate, it is moderate using the potassium polyphosphate degree of polymerization made of the technique, wherein containing about 50% potassium orthophosphate, about 45%
Two PA 800Ks, the remaining phosphate for more high polymerization degree, under such ratio, it is not easy to separate out PA 800K crystallization
Body, the slow release that P elements can be permanent, potassium polyphosphate are easily absorbed by crops, and the nutrient in fertilizer can be released slowly
Put, dragon fruit can carry out quick and long-acting absorption to nutrient, and utilization rate is high, manufactured dragon fruit slow-release fertilizer fertilizer efficiency it is good and
Persistently.
（2）Tea Saponin used in the present invention is a kind of plant insecticide, nuisanceless, has the work of good expelling parasite desinsection
With disease-resistant, the insect pest ability of dragon fruit can be improved by adding Tea Saponin and then apply again in fertilizer.The present invention will be swollen
Profit soil prepares fertilizer as one of raw material can not only improve soil fertility, moreover it is possible to as the adsorptive support of urea, so that urine
Element can slowly discharge, and improve the utilization rate of fertilizer.The trace element that the present invention adds contains the members such as Mg, Ca, Mn, Zn and Cu
Element, required trace element can be provided for dragon fruit, and the homemade potassium polyphosphate of present invention institute is a kind of inorganic in itself
Polymer fertilizer, the lasting potassium resource of required effect, phosphorus source can not only be provided for dragon fruit；And by magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride with
And trace element is added to stirring reaction in potassium polyphosphate, potassium polyphosphate has the function that chelated metal ions, Neng Gouti
Micro- activity, the trace element of the Chelating state formed after reaction are more easy to be absorbed by plants in high such as calcium, manganese, greatly
The big absorption efficiency for improving dragon fruit centering trace element.The potassium polyphosphate that the present invention adds is micro in will not only reducing
The fertilizer efficiency of element activity micro- in can also improving, improve fertilizer efficiency.
（3）Roasting bone meal is added in the present invention；Roasting bone meal is using the fresh bone of animal, animal skin waste material as primary raw material system
Into can be adapted to root fertilizer or the top dressing of multiple kinds of crops, improve yield more than 20%, it is free of harmful substance, can be used as base manure
Or top dressing uses, it can also increase the content of soil with organic matter and increase the beneficial microbe that plant easily absorbs in soil, energy
Enough so that crop root loosing soil, crop are not readily susceptible to pest and disease damage infringement, recover the soil of long-term use of chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals,
Ensure that the crops of China peasant production move towards ecology, the crop such as grain or oil plant becomes that there is no public hazards generation from this.
（4）Inventor is using the technology for improving wood surface charing, for the charing process technology of fertilizer surface, surface warp
The feed that micro- charing process is crossed has certain adsorption function, can extend nutritional ingredient and rest on plant because containing charcoal composition
Time on thing root or blade, play a part of fertilizer conservation, be engaged with the effect of sustained release, effectively avoid nutrition from wasting.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The dragon fruit biological slow-release fertilizer, include the raw material of following parts by weight：
45 parts of urea；25 parts of potassium polyphosphate；Roasting 35 parts of bone meal；0.2 part of magnesium sulfate；0.2 part of calcium chloride；1 part of trace element；Tea
2 parts of saponin；8 parts of vegetable oil bran cake；10 parts of maltose；10 parts of bentonite.
The preparation method of described potassium polyphosphate comprises the following steps：
Burnt 1. yellow phosphorus is placed in combustion furnace at 450 DEG C, obtain P2O5Gas；
2. with blower fan by P2O5Gas is extracted into polymerization tower, and watering incessantly makes P2O5Gas is molten into water, into solution
P2O5Weight concentration reach 70%, obtain solution；
3. in obtained solution, according to hydrogen sulfide gas:Solution is 1:Hydrogen sulfide gas is passed through molten by 1000 part by weight
In liquid, reaction generation arsenones solid, filter, the arsenic content detected in solution drops to below 1PPM, and the content of heavy metal drops to
30 below PPM, obtain polyphosphoric acids；
4. obtained polyphosphoric acids is slowly dropped in the potassium hydroxide solution that mass fraction is more than 65%, strict control is anti-
The temperature answered stirs when being added dropwise, reacted 120 minutes, detect K in product between 15 DEG C2O and P2O5Weight percentage,
Treat K in product2O content is 33%, P2O5Content is 10%, and reaction terminates, and potassium polyphosphate is made.
Described roasting bone meal be by the fresh bone of the animal with meat and smash string coarse powder, animal skin waste material,
Animal fat and soil are put into stove after stirring, and isolation air heating, temperature is 180 DEG C, bone is become sallow
Color, animal skin waste material become charcoal ash, take out, and place room temperature, the powder broken into below 100 mesh, obtain roasting bone meal；Its weight
Ratio is that weight is according to 5 parts of bone, 40 parts of soil；3 parts of animal skin waste material；2 parts of animal fat.
Described trace element and weight ratio are Mg:Ca:Mn:Zn:Fe:Al:Cu=4:3:3:2:2:1:1.
Described vegetable oil bran cake is the slag that leaves after oil plant oil expression, including peanut press pulp, soyabean bran, vegetable seed bran, wheat
Bran, peanut press pulp, tung oil bran, sunflower bran or palm bran.
By urea, potassium polyphosphate, roasting bone meal, magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride, trace element, Tea Saponin, vegetable oil bran cake, wheat
After bud sugar and bentonite mixing, particle is made, is sent into high temperature furnace, after being toasted 15 minutes at a temperature of 180 DEG C, stirs 3 therebetween
It is secondary, after light coke yellow is presented in particle surface and distributes light burnt odor taste, take out natural cooling, packed products.
Embodiment 2
The dragon fruit biological slow-release fertilizer, include the raw material of following parts by weight：
56 parts of urea；23 parts of potassium polyphosphate；Roasting 45 parts of bone meal；0.3 part of magnesium sulfate；0.3 part of calcium chloride；1 part of trace element；Tea
4 parts of saponin；Vegetable oil bran cake 10；12 parts of maltose；13 parts of bentonite.
The preparation method of described potassium polyphosphate comprises the following steps：
Burnt 1. yellow phosphorus is placed in combustion furnace at 550 DEG C, obtain P2O5Gas；
2. with blower fan by P2O5Gas is extracted into polymerization tower, and watering incessantly makes P2O5Gas is molten into water, into solution
P2O5Weight concentration reach 80%, obtain solution；
3. in obtained solution, according to hydrogen sulfide gas:Solution is 1:Hydrogen sulfide gas is passed through molten by 1550 part by weight
In liquid, reaction generation arsenones solid, filter, the arsenic content detected in solution drops to below 1PPM, and the content of heavy metal drops to
30 below PPM, obtain polyphosphoric acids；
4. obtained polyphosphoric acids is slowly dropped in the potassium hydroxide solution that mass fraction is more than 65%, strict control is anti-
The temperature answered stirs when being added dropwise, reacted 160 minutes, detect K in product between 30 DEG C2O and P2O5Weight percentage,
Treat K in product2O content is 33%, P2O5Content is 10%, and reaction terminates, and potassium polyphosphate is made.
Described roasting bone meal be by the fresh bone of the animal with meat and smash string coarse powder, animal skin waste material,
Animal fat and soil are put into stove after stirring, and isolation air heating, temperature is 260 DEG C, bone is become sallow
Color, animal skin waste material become charcoal ash, take out, and place room temperature, the powder broken into below 100 mesh, obtain roasting bone meal；Its weight
Ratio is that weight is according to 5 parts of bone, 45 parts of soil；4 parts of animal skin waste material；2 parts of animal fat.
Described trace element and weight ratio are Mg:Ca:Mn:Zn:Fe:Al:Cu=4:3:3:2:2:1:1.
Described vegetable oil bran cake is the slag that leaves after oil plant oil expression, including peanut press pulp, soyabean bran, vegetable seed bran, wheat
Bran, peanut press pulp, tung oil bran, sunflower bran or palm bran.
By urea, potassium polyphosphate, roasting bone meal, magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride, trace element, Tea Saponin, vegetable oil bran cake, wheat
After bud sugar and bentonite mixing, particle is made, is sent into high temperature furnace, after being toasted 25 minutes at a temperature of 190 DEG C, stirs 4 therebetween
It is secondary, after light coke yellow is presented in particle surface and distributes light burnt odor taste, take out natural cooling, packed products.
Embodiment 3
The dragon fruit biological slow-release fertilizer, include the raw material of following parts by weight：
60 parts of urea；28 parts of potassium polyphosphate；Roasting 50 parts of bone meal；0.4 part of magnesium sulfate；0.3 part of calcium chloride；1.5 parts of trace element；
5 parts of Tea Saponin；15 parts of vegetable oil bran cake；15 parts of maltose；15 parts of bentonite.
The preparation method of described potassium polyphosphate comprises the following steps：
Burnt 1. yellow phosphorus is placed in combustion furnace at 600 DEG C, obtain P2O5Gas；
2. with blower fan by P2O5Gas is extracted into polymerization tower, and watering incessantly makes P2O5Gas is molten into water, into solution
P2O5Weight concentration reach 90%, obtain solution；
3. in obtained solution, according to hydrogen sulfide gas:Solution is 1:Hydrogen sulfide gas is passed through molten by 2000 part by weight
In liquid, reaction generation arsenones solid, filter, the arsenic content detected in solution drops to below 1PPM, and the content of heavy metal drops to
30 below PPM, obtain polyphosphoric acids；
4. obtained polyphosphoric acids is slowly dropped in the potassium hydroxide solution that mass fraction is more than 65%, strict control is anti-
The temperature answered stirs when being added dropwise, reacted 180 minutes, detect K in product between 45 DEG C2O and P2O5Weight percentage,
Treat K in product2O content is 33%, P2O5Content is 10%, and reaction terminates, and potassium polyphosphate is made.
Described roasting bone meal be by the fresh bone of the animal with meat and smash string coarse powder, animal skin waste material,
Animal fat and soil are put into stove after stirring, and isolation air heating, temperature is 300 DEG C, bone is become sallow
Color, animal skin waste material become charcoal ash, take out, and place room temperature, the powder broken into below 100 mesh, obtain roasting bone meal；Its weight
Ratio is that weight is according to 5 parts of bone, 50 parts of soil；5 parts of animal skin waste material；3 parts of animal fat.
Described trace element and weight ratio are Mg:Ca:Mn:Zn:Fe:Al:Cu=4:3:3:2:2:1:1.
Described vegetable oil bran cake is the slag that leaves after oil plant oil expression, including peanut press pulp, soyabean bran, vegetable seed bran, wheat
Bran, peanut press pulp, tung oil bran, sunflower bran or palm bran.
By urea, potassium polyphosphate, roasting bone meal, magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride, trace element, Tea Saponin, vegetable oil bran cake, wheat
After bud sugar and bentonite mixing, particle is made, is sent into high temperature furnace, after being toasted 30 minutes at a temperature of 200 DEG C, stirs 5 therebetween
It is secondary, after light coke yellow is presented in particle surface and distributes light burnt odor taste, take out natural cooling, packed products.
Application effect
To further illustrate the advantages of present invention produces obtained dragon fruit biological slow-release fertilizer, the fire that inventor is obtained using production
Imperial fruit biological slow-release fertilizer some big dragon fruit planting bases in Guangxi District carried out test of many times, wherein, in Guangxi Binyang
The test situation in county is as follows：
1st, for trying dragon fruit kind：Gold all No.1s.
2nd, experiment is set：
Experiment sets 3 processing, respectively handles 3 repetitions, and random district's groups arrangement is each to handle plot area 200m2；Experiment is set such as
Under：
Processing 1：Dragon fruit uniformly applies dragon fruit biological slow-release fertilizer produced by the present invention according to the applied amount of 35kg/ mus when planting
Enter flue fruit tree root, cultivation and banking is combined when dragon fruit enters the grand period of growth, apply 1kg calcium superphosphate, 1kg sulphur per post every time
Sour potassium, 0.5kg urea；
Processing 2：Dragon fruit uniformly applies dragon fruit biological slow-release fertilizer produced by the present invention according to the applied amount of 35kg/ mus when planting
Enter flue fruit tree root, cultivation and banking, not top dressing are combined when dragon fruit enters the grand period of growth；
Processing 3：Conventional dragon fruit is uniformly applied into flue fruit tree with composite fertilizer according to the applied amount of 35kg/ mus when dragon fruit is planted
Root, cultivation and banking is combined when dragon fruit enters the grand period of growth, apply 1kg calcium superphosphate, 1kg potassium sulfates, 0.5kg per post every time
Urea.
Unified time plantation and top dressing, ridging are tested, other dragon fruit plantation field management measures are identical.
4th, result of the test：
Influence of three groups of different disposals to dragon fruit yield, sugar content and illness rate is as shown in table 1 below：
Table 1
From upper table 1, compared to the processing 3 for not applying the present invention, using the processing 1 and processing 2 of the present invention in dragon fruit
Yield and dragon fruit sugar content be obtained for raising, illness rate is also lower than processing 3, illustrate using dragon fruit of the invention
Biological slow-release fertilizer can greatly improve the quality and yield of dragon fruit, and for being all applied with the processing 1 and processing 2 of the present invention,
Visible by contrasting, both difference in terms of yield and quality are little, and it is preferable to illustrate that dragon fruit biological slow-release fertilizer of the present invention has
Slow releasing function, do not apply urea etc. even in dragon fruit growth period and carry out top dressing, also have certain fertilizer in dragon fruit ground
Expect to provide nutrient for the growth of dragon fruit, further related to that dragon fruit biological slow-release fertilizer fertilizer efficiency produced by the invention is good and fertilizer efficiency is grown
Long.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of dragon fruit biological slow-release fertilizer, it is characterised in that include the raw material of following parts by weight：
45~60 parts of urea；25~28 parts of potassium polyphosphate；Roasting 35~50 parts of bone meal；0.2~0.4 part of magnesium sulfate；Calcium chloride 0.2
~0.3 part；1~1.5 part of trace element；2~5 parts of Tea Saponin；8~15 parts of vegetable oil bran cake；10~15 parts of maltose；Swelling
10~15 parts of soil.
2. dragon fruit biological slow-release fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the preparation side of described potassium polyphosphate
Method comprises the following steps：
Burnt 1. yellow phosphorus is placed in combustion furnace at 450~600 DEG C, obtain P2O5Gas；
2. with blower fan by P2O5Gas is extracted into polymerization tower, and watering incessantly makes P2O5Gas is molten into water, into solution
P2O5Weight concentration reach 70~90%, obtain solution；
3. in obtained solution, according to hydrogen sulfide gas:Solution is 1:1000~2000 part by weight is by hydrogen sulfide gas
It is passed through in solution, reaction generation arsenones solid, filtering, the arsenic content detected in solution drops to below 1PPM, and heavy metal contains
Amount drops to 30 below PPM, obtains polyphosphoric acids；
4. obtained polyphosphoric acids is slowly dropped in the potassium hydroxide solution that mass fraction is more than 65%, strict control is anti-
The temperature answered stirs when being added dropwise, reacted 120~180 minutes, detect K in product between 15~45 DEG C2O and P2O5Weight
Percentage composition, treat K in product2O content is 33%, P2O5Content is 10%, and reaction terminates, and potassium polyphosphate is made.
3. dragon fruit biological slow-release fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described roasting bone meal is will be dynamic with meat
The fresh bone of thing is put into stove after being stirred with string coarse powder, animal skin waste material, animal fat and the soil smashed
In son, isolation air heating, temperature is 180~300 DEG C, bone is become coke yellow, animal skin waste material becomes charcoal ash, taken
Go out, place room temperature, the powder broken into below 100 mesh, obtain roasting bone meal；Its part by weight is that weight is according to 5 parts of bone, mud
40~50 parts of soil；3~5 parts of animal skin waste material；2~3 parts of animal fat.
4. dragon fruit biological slow-release fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described trace element and weight ratio are
Mg:Ca:Mn:Zn:Fe:Al:Cu=4:3:3:2:2:1:1。
5. dragon fruit biological slow-release fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described vegetable oil bran cake is that oil-containing is planted
The slag left after thing oil expression, including peanut press pulp, soyabean bran, vegetable seed bran, wheat bran, peanut press pulp, tung oil bran, sunflower bran or palm
Bran.
6. dragon fruit biological slow-release fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：By urea, potassium polyphosphate, roasting bone
After powder, magnesium sulfate, calcium chloride, trace element, Tea Saponin, vegetable oil bran cake, maltose and bentonite mixing, particle is made, send
Enter in high temperature furnace, after being toasted 15~30 minutes at a temperature of 180~200 DEG C, stir therebetween 3~5 times, it is light to treat that particle surface is presented
Coke yellow and after distributing light burnt odor taste, takes out natural cooling, packed products.
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| CN109258430A (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2019-01-25 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院生物技术研究所 | A kind of seedling medium of dragon fruit and preparation method thereof |
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