CN107676094B - Mining method for efficiently releasing productivity of steeply inclined coal seam - Google Patents
Mining method for efficiently releasing productivity of steeply inclined coal seam Download PDFInfo
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- CN107676094B CN107676094B CN201711005615.3A CN201711005615A CN107676094B CN 107676094 B CN107676094 B CN 107676094B CN 201711005615 A CN201711005615 A CN 201711005615A CN 107676094 B CN107676094 B CN 107676094B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
Abstract
The invention discloses a mining method for efficiently releasing capacity of a steeply inclined coal seam, which comprises the steps of ⑴ digging a roadway in a mining area to form a complete air path and an operation channel, ⑵ installing an isolation net formed by a plurality of anchor cables between a coal seam top plate and a complete coal body along the advancing direction of a working face, ⑶ placing a caving coal bracket and a scraper conveyor at the lower part of the complete coal body, ⑷ performing coal body pre-cracking operation in the complete coal body with the anchor cables arranged, and ⑸ mining crushed coal bodies formed after the pre-cracking operation through the caving coal bracket.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an underground or ground mining method, in particular to a mining method for efficiently releasing productivity of a steep coal seam.
Background
Coal resources under high-quality occurrence conditions in the middle-east region of China are gradually exhausted, so that efficient mining and utilization of coal resources which are not easy to exploit, such as steeply inclined coal seams, thin coal seams, corner coal seams and the like, are particularly important. The geological structure of the steeply inclined coal seam is generally complex, faults and folds are many, the thickness change of the coal seam is large, occurrence conditions for mining the coal seam are generally poor, and mining is difficult. In addition, the inclination angle of the inclined coal bed is larger than the repose angle of rock, and the downward sliding coal and gangue easily flush the support, easily cause casualties and equipment damage. On the other hand, the component force of the top plate pressure of the steeply inclined coal seam along the inclination direction is large, so that the stability of the support is poor, and the support is easy to twist and topple. Meanwhile, the operations of various procedures such as pedestrian, ventilation, material transportation, coal dropping, goaf treatment and the like on the steep coal face are difficult, and the conventional coal mining method cannot be applied to the stoping operation of the steep coal seam. At present, the widely applied coal mining method in the mining of the steep coal seam comprises the following steps: a step coal mining method, a pseudo-slant longwall coal mining method, a pseudo-slant flexible shield support coal mining method, a horizontal subsection top coal caving coal mining method and the like. However, these methods cannot perfectly coordinate and solve the key contradictions of safety, efficiency, recovery rate, gangue channeling and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a mining method for efficiently releasing productivity of a steeply inclined coal seam, which can effectively solve the problem of gangue channeling and realize efficient recovery of the steeply inclined coal seam under the condition of ensuring the extraction rate of coal.
The mining method for efficiently releasing energy production of the steeply inclined coal seam comprises the following steps:
⑴ digging tunnel in mining area to form complete air path and operation channel;
⑵ installing an isolation net formed by several anchor cables between the coal seam roof and the complete coal body along the advancing direction of the working face;
⑶ placing a top coal support and a scraper conveyor on the lower part of the complete coal body;
⑷ performing coal body pre-splitting operation in the complete coal body with the anchor cable;
⑸ crushed coal bodies formed after the pre-splitting operation are extracted by a caving coal bracket.
The invention discloses a mining method for efficiently releasing productivity of a steeply inclined coal seam, wherein the step ⑴ comprises the following steps:
firstly, tunneling the roadway in an original un-excavated coal body, wherein the roadway comprises a lower transportation roadway, an upper air return roadway, a ventilation vertical hole and a pedestrian vertical hole, the lower transportation roadway and the upper air return roadway are parallel to each other, the bottom of the lower transportation roadway and the top of the upper air return roadway are coal rock bodies of adjacent mining areas, then, the ventilation vertical hole is tunneled between the lower transportation roadway and the upper air return roadway to form a complete air path which is longitudinally and transversely communicated, and the pedestrian vertical hole which is parallel to the ventilation vertical hole is tunneled at the same time to form the operation channel for people and materials to pass through.
In the step ⑵, the separation net is arranged between the lower transportation lane and the upper return airway and is located on a contact surface between the complete coal body and the coal seam roof, when the anchor cable is constructed, the drill holes of the anchor cable extend from the lower transportation lane to the upper return airway, and a plurality of the drill holes are uniformly distributed at intervals along the length direction of the lower transportation lane.
The mining method for efficiently releasing productivity of the steeply inclined coal seam comprises the step of enabling the length L of each anchor cable to be equal to the length L of each anchor cable2＝cscα2×L1+0.4, the distance d of the boreholes is cos α along the length of the lower roadway1×cscα2×L1Wherein:
α1the included angle between the arrangement direction of the anchor cables and the extension direction of the lower transportation lane is 60-80 degrees;
α2is the coal seam dip angle;
L1the projection length in the vertical direction of the mining area.
In the mining method for efficiently releasing the productivity of the steeply inclined coal seam, the end of the anchor cable at the upper return airway is fixed by using an anchor cable end tray bolt, and the isolation net is formed by a plurality of anchor cables in an X-shaped crossed manner.
According to the mining method for efficiently releasing the productivity of the steeply inclined coal seam, in the step ⑶, the caving coal support and the scraper conveyor are arranged in the lower conveying roadway, and the rear part of the caving coal support is provided with the lifting baffle.
According to the mining method for efficiently releasing the productivity of the steeply inclined coal seam, in the steps ⑷ and ⑸, the complete coal body is subjected to coal body pre-splitting operation to form pre-split coal bodies and further form crushed coal bodies, and finally the crushed coal bodies are mined out along the floor of the coal seam through the caving coal support.
According to the mining method for efficiently releasing energy production of the steeply inclined coal seam, the isolation net formed by the anchor cable is arranged on the contact surface of the coal seam roof and the complete coal body, so that the function of the net bag is realized, the coal seam roof is held to prevent the coal seam roof from being subjected to gangue channeling, the coal seam roof is restrained from moving to the mined area, the smoothness of an operation channel is ensured, meanwhile, the coal seam roof slowly falls along with the gradual loosening of the isolation net, the power impact accident caused by the sudden collapse of the roof is avoided, and the mining operation safety is powerfully ensured.
The mining method for efficiently releasing the productivity of the steeply inclined coal seam is further explained by combining the attached drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a mining area for a mining method for efficiently releasing capacity from a steeply inclined coal seam according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view of the mining state of the mining method for efficiently releasing the productivity of the steeply inclined coal seam according to the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of anchor cables and the shape of coal bodies in different states in the mining method for efficiently releasing energy production from a steeply inclined coal seam according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of anchor cable arrangement parameters in the mining method for efficiently releasing productivity from a steeply inclined coal seam.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the mining method for efficiently releasing energy production from a steeply inclined coal seam of the invention comprises the following steps:
⑴ in the scope of mining area, firstly, digging tunnel in the original un-excavated coal, completing the preparation of mining area development, concretely, the tunnel includes lower transportation tunnel 8, upper return air tunnel 9, ventilation vertical hole 6 and pedestrian vertical hole 7, the lower transportation tunnel 8 and upper return air tunnel 9 are parallel to each other, the bottom of the lower transportation tunnel 8 and the top of the upper return air tunnel 9 are the coal rock 3 of the adjacent mining area, then, the ventilation vertical hole 6 is dug between the lower transportation tunnel 8 and the upper return air tunnel 9 to form a complete air path which is through vertically and horizontally, at the same time, the pedestrian vertical hole 7 parallel to the ventilation vertical hole 6 is dug to form an operation channel for personnel and materials to pass through, which is convenient for the processing of the mining area 2, the vertical hole is a circular air path which vertically runs through two layers of coal rock layers with different heights in the pit, and is usually a vertical hole with a diameter of 3-5 meters.
⑵ the direction of the large arrow in fig. 1 is the working face advancing direction in which the coal seam roof 10 and the whole coal body 5 are arrangedThe dry anchor cables 13 form an isolation net in an X-shaped crossed mode. The separation net is arranged between the lower transportation lane 8 and the upper air return lane 9 and is positioned on the contact surface of the complete coal body 5 and the coal seam roof 10. In the coal mining process, due to the function of the net bag of the isolation net, the coal seam roof 10 cannot stride and jump gangue in a large range, and in addition, the isolation net also restricts the movement of the coal seam roof 10 to a coal mining area, so that the coal discharging channel can be kept stable within a certain time, and the crushed coal 52 close to the upper air return lane 9 can be smoothly discharged. Preferably, when the anchor cable 13 is constructed, the hole is a long hole extending from the lower transportation lane 8 to the upper return air lane 9, and a plurality of long holes are uniformly distributed at intervals along the length direction of the lower transportation lane 8. Wherein the length L of each anchor line 132＝cscα2×L1+0.4, the distance d between the holes is cos α along the length of the lower conveyor lane 81×cscα2×L1Wherein:
α1the angle between the anchor cable 13 arrangement direction and the lower transport lane 8 extension direction is referred to the following table:
α2is the coal seam dip angle;
L1the projection length in the vertical direction of the mining area.
Additionally, the anchor line 13 is secured at its end at the upper return airway 9 by anchor line end tray bolts 131. In the mining process, along with the sinking of the coal seam roof 10, the anchor cable end tray bolts 131 are pressed downwards, the separation net can also be gradually loosened, and then the coal seam roof 10 gradually sinks to touch the bottom, so that the lagging coal mining flexible striding of the coal seam roof 10 is realized, and the power impact accident caused by the sudden collapse of the coal seam roof 10 is avoided.
⑶ A caving coal support 4 and a scraper conveyor 12 are arranged at the lower part of the complete coal body 5. the caving coal support 4 and the scraper conveyor 12 are arranged in the lower transportation lane 8, and the rear part of the caving coal support 4 is provided with a lifting baffle plate 41.
⑷ performing coal body pre-splitting operation in the complete coal body 5 with the anchor cable 13 arranged;
⑸ the crushed coal 52 formed after the pre-splitting operation is extracted by the caving coal support 4.
Specifically, before the coal mining equipment is not pushed into a mining area, the lifting baffle 41 of the top coal caving bracket 4 in the area is in a lifting state to support the coal seam roof 10, when the coal mining equipment is pushed into the area, the lifting baffle 41 is in a falling state, the complete coal body 5 with the isolation net arranged is subjected to coal body pre-splitting operation to become a pre-split coal body 51 and finally become a crushed coal body 52, and then the crushed coal body 52 is mined out through the lifting baffle 41 of the top coal caving bracket 4 along the coal seam floor 11.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solution of the present invention by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The mining method for efficiently releasing productivity of the steeply inclined coal seam is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
⑴, firstly, digging a roadway in the range of a mining area to form a complete air path and an operation channel, wherein the roadway is dug in the original un-dug coal body, the roadway comprises a lower transportation roadway (8), an upper air return roadway (9), a ventilation vertical eye (6) and a pedestrian vertical eye (7), the lower transportation roadway (8) and the upper air return roadway (9) are parallel to each other, the bottom of the lower transportation roadway (8) and the top of the upper air return roadway (9) are all coal rock bodies (3) of adjacent mining areas, then the ventilation vertical eye (6) is dug between the lower transportation roadway (8) and the upper air return roadway (9) to form a complete air path which is penetrated vertically and horizontally, and meanwhile, the pedestrian vertical eye (7) which is parallel to the ventilation vertical eye (6) is dug to form the operation channel for passing personnel and materials;
⑵, installing an isolation net formed by a plurality of anchor cables (13) between the coal seam roof (10) and the complete coal body (5) along the propelling direction of the working face, wherein the isolation net is arranged between the lower transportation lane (8) and the upper return airway (9) and is positioned on the contact surface of the complete coal body (5) and the coal seam roof (10), when the anchor cables (13) are constructed, the drilled holes extend from the lower transportation lane (8) to the upper return airway (9), the plurality of drilled holes are uniformly distributed at intervals along the length direction of the lower transportation lane (8), the ends of the anchor cables (13) at the upper return airway (9) are fixed by anchor cable end tray bolts (131), and the plurality of anchor cables (13) form the isolation net in an X-shaped crossing manner;
⑶ placing a top coal caving bracket (4) and a scraper conveyor (12) at the lower part of the complete coal body (5);
⑷ pre-splitting the coal body in the complete coal body (5) with the anchor cable (13) arranged;
⑸ the crushed coal (52) formed after the pre-splitting operation is extracted by the caving coal bracket (4).
2. A mining method for high-efficiency energy-release of steeply inclined coal seam according to claim 1, characterized in that the length L of each anchor cable (13)2＝cscα2×L1+0.4, the distance d of the bores being cos α along the length of the lower conveyor lane (8)1×cscα2×L1Wherein:
α1the included angle between the arrangement direction of the anchor cables (13) and the extension direction of the lower transportation lane (8) is 60-80 degrees;
α2is the coal seam dip angle;
L1the projection length in the vertical direction of the mining area.
3. The mining method for high-efficiency energy production release of the steeply inclined coal seam according to claim 2, wherein in the step ⑶, the caving coal support (4) and the scraper conveyor (12) are arranged in a lower haulage roadway (8), and the rear part of the caving coal support (4) is provided with a lifting baffle (41).
4. The mining method for high-efficiency energy-release of the steeply inclined coal seam according to claim 3, wherein in the steps ⑷, ⑸, the whole coal body (5) is pre-cracked into pre-cracked coal body (51) and then crushed coal body (52), and finally the crushed coal body (52) is mined out along the floor (11) of the coal seam through the caving coal support (4).
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| CN101915101A (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2010-12-15 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Method of mining coal from heavy pitch thick coal seam |
| RU2470157C1 (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2012-12-20 | Учреждение Российской академии наук Институт угля Сибирского отделения РАН (ИУ СО РАН) | Layer development method of thick steeply inclined coal formation |
| CN103195426A (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-07-10 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Steep-coal-seam long wall face non-pillar coal mining method |
| RU2514933C1 (en) * | 2013-02-13 | 2014-05-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт угля Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук (ИУ СО РАН) | Method of layer mining of high steeply inclined coal bed with extraction of coal from bedding pack |
| CN203669899U (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2014-06-25 | 四川省煤炭产业集团有限责任公司 | Strip steel mesh for isolating roadway behind working face from gob |
| CN205677652U (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-11-09 | 山西潞安环保能源开发股份有限公司 | A kind of gob side entry retaining advanced stand device |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101915101A (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2010-12-15 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Method of mining coal from heavy pitch thick coal seam |
| RU2470157C1 (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2012-12-20 | Учреждение Российской академии наук Институт угля Сибирского отделения РАН (ИУ СО РАН) | Layer development method of thick steeply inclined coal formation |
| RU2514933C1 (en) * | 2013-02-13 | 2014-05-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт угля Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук (ИУ СО РАН) | Method of layer mining of high steeply inclined coal bed with extraction of coal from bedding pack |
| CN103195426A (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-07-10 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Steep-coal-seam long wall face non-pillar coal mining method |
| CN203669899U (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2014-06-25 | 四川省煤炭产业集团有限责任公司 | Strip steel mesh for isolating roadway behind working face from gob |
| CN205677652U (en) * | 2016-06-16 | 2016-11-09 | 山西潞安环保能源开发股份有限公司 | A kind of gob side entry retaining advanced stand device |
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