CN104847355B - Continuous mining method for hollow ground of medium-thickness steeply inclined ore body - Google Patents
Continuous mining method for hollow ground of medium-thickness steeply inclined ore body Download PDFInfo
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- CN104847355B CN104847355B CN201510248074.1A CN201510248074A CN104847355B CN 104847355 B CN104847355 B CN 104847355B CN 201510248074 A CN201510248074 A CN 201510248074A CN 104847355 B CN104847355 B CN 104847355B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
Abstract
The invention discloses a medium-thickness steeply inclined ore body open field continuous mining method, which comprises the following steps: dividing a recovery area and recovery units in the recovery area; determining the overall stoping sequence of the stoping area; overall arrangement of stoping area stoping preparation projects; cutting and reinforcing mining and recovery units; constructing a temporary pillar recovery safe mining environment; and recycling the temporarily-retained ore pillars step by step. The invention can realize safe, efficient and low-cost mining of ore bodies, adopts zone-to-zone fractional stoping, firstly uses the chamber in the stoping area of the sectional empty stope, and then stopes pillars in the stoping area on the basis of constructing a mining safe environment, thereby realizing continuous mining in the area, being applied to mines with the surface allowed to collapse and not cemented filling, being particularly suitable for the extended mining of medium-thickness and steeply inclined ore body resources, and realizing continuous mining.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mining technique field, and in particular to thick high-dipping ore block barnyard continuous exploitation method in one kind.
Background technology
Traditional open-stope mining is divided into mineral building and ore pillar nugget, a step rooming, and two steps reclaim ore pillar, but due to
A step rooming is only paid attention in economic benefit and the impact of safety, many mines, delayed or even have ignored two step back production chats
The recovery of post；This recovery method, due to being limited by mineral building stability, pre- pillar occupancy stock number is larger, and by back production
The impact of technique, it is irregular that its form becomes, and causes later stage recovery process complexity, the response rate low；Simultaneously back production in two step not
Consider all class safety problems such as Mined-out area disposal, underground pressure management, cause Production Cohesion difficult, exploitation up and down cannot enter in order
OK, mine development is seriously constrained.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to solve technical problem of the prior art, there is provided one kind is not stayed Permanent pillar, adopted
The middle thick high-dipping ore block barnyard continuous exploitation method that one step back production subregion is implemented by several times.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is employed the following technical solutions：Thick high-dipping ore block barnyard is continuously opened in one kind
Mining method, the method is comprised the following steps：
A, be divided back to exploiting field domain and back production region in back production unit：One stage casing is divided into into several continuous stoping areas
Domain, then be some back production units by each back production region division, studding is persisted between back production unit, back production is interregional to retain isolation
Band, and according to the depth of the country rock physics classroom teaching and exploitation for affecting STOPE STABILITY, it is determined that supporting the isolation strip of country rock, temporarily
Stay studding and fore-set reasonable size, it is ensured that the stability during the back production of back production region.
B, determine back production region back production general sequence：In continuous stoping region and back production region in ore body between back production unit
Using the stopping sequence that advance to two ends from middle part, the interregional isolation strip of such back production and the change for persisting studding stress distribution
Number of times is few, it is to avoid to isolation strip and persist the destruction caused by studding repeated loading, reduces the probability of its unstability.
Quasi- engineering is adopted in C, general layout back production region：Segmentation is determined in back production unit according to Ore drillability and explosiveness
Highly, along the outer arrangement stage haulage drift of orebody trend lower wall arteries and veins, in level haulageway side arrangement ventilation pedestrain raise and
Quasi- drop shaft is adopted, each segmentation is got in touch with, each step-by-step arrangement rock drilling lane of rooming of back production unit is persisted in studding per step-by-step arrangement one
Bar rock drilling lane, back production unit bottom structure adopts the version of many crosscut arrangements of Ore gathering by trench, bilateral to improve back production efficiency,
Ensure ore removal safety, the polycrystalline substance of the form not only itself is easily recycled, also studding is most upper to be segmented and fore-set region to persist
During back production, the centralized recovery of Ore creates favorable conditions.
D, cutting and enhanced recovery back production unit：With slot raise and cutting gallery as the scope of freedom, joined using Qie Jingqie lanes
Kerve method is closed, blasting in groups to mineral building verge advance forms cutting groove, after cutting groove is formed, with cutting groove as the scope of freedom, by ore deposit
Room is concentrated carry out explosion by several times, and its effect is to improve stoping strength, the dead zone top plate maximum exposure area phase is shortened relatively, increases
Back production region and the safety of back production unit.
E, structure persist ore pillar and reclaim safe working environment：To ensure to persist the safe retrieving of ore pillar, and thus led
The potential safety hazard that the dead zone exposed area of cause increases and brings, needs to build safe working environment.The structure of safe working environment
Including：Form cushion；Construction prevents the wave arrestment wall that air-shock wave works the mischief to adjacent operating area；To guarantee press
Control is effectively implemented, timely early warning, sets up arrangement ground pressure monitoring early warning system；There is large area inbreak and causes impact in pre- air defense area
Blast and the pressure release engineering implemented, that is, dig pressure release skylight well；The discharging tunnel of personnel and equipment safety during control ore removal
End open wiring mouth safe distance.
F, substep are reclaimed and persist ore pillar：On the basis of safe working environment is built, will first persist studding and most go up point
Section and fore-set region carry out blasting in once-through recovery, subsequently carry out ore removal, then under cushion by remainder studding and
Reclaimed using Caving Method with Large Space tunneling boring retrusive in polycrystalline substance region.Persisting the effect of ore pillar substep recovery is：First, remainder
Studding and polycrystalline substance region undertake ore pillar reclaim after ore removal task, it is impossible to destroy its integrity, it is ensured that ore removal passage it is smooth
It is logical；Secondly, leave the studding of certain altitude, upper lower burrs adjoining rock stability for control back production region, progressively discharge the stress of primary rock,
Preventing the generation of sudden inbreak accident has positive meaning；Additionally, the studding of reserved certain altitude, can stop from phase
Adjacent back production unit cushion barren rock when ore removal is moved process is mixed into, and can effectively reduce ore dilution.
Further, back production unit bottom structure is pacified naturally by ore deposit moat ditch ore drawing angle not less than Ore in step C
Breath angle.
Further, wave arrestment wall is rock or concrete wave arrestment wall in step E.
Further, form slow by armor rock on pressure induction caving or with reference to barren rock dry stowing in step E
Rush bed course.
Further, it is described pressure induction caving on armor rock be in, deep hole blasting force induction caving on armor rock and
Chamber blasting forces one or two on induction caving in armor rock.
Hinge structure of the present invention has the advantages that：The present invention is for traditional open-stope method Two step mining pattern
Defect, according in the characteristics of thick high-dipping ore block, do not stay Permanent pillar, the scheme implemented by several times using a step back production subregion,
From the seriality of ore body, subregion subdivision considers back production relation as a whole, and mineral building back production, ore pillar are reclaimed and Mined-out area disposal
Be placed in one it is complete adopt in Barebone and technical process, the unified work arrangement for solving region, structural parameters, the sequence of operation,
Process for stoping, to reach the purpose of high efficiente callback mineral resources, the present invention is not only a kind of mineral deposit continuous stoping technology, while
It is a kind of mining environment reconstruction technique, it is possible to resolve the technical barrier of middle thick high-dipping ore block exploitation.The present invention can effective structure
Dressing mountain safe working environment, this is not singly resource reclaim problem, is also the basic of the normal orderly function in promotion mine.The present invention
Can realize that ore body is safe efficient, inexpensive exploitation, using subregion gradation back production, first with the mineral building in sublevel open stoping back production region,
On the basis of exploitation security context is built, the ore pillar in subsequent back production region realizes the continuous exploitation in region, can be on ground
Table allows to subside, apply in the mine of Non cemented filling, is particularly suited for middle thick high-dipping ore block resource deepening exploitation, is capable of achieving
Continuous exploitation.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the enforcement schematic diagram of the present invention.
Reference implication of the present invention is as follows：1st, studding；2nd, fore-set；3rd, rooming；4th, polycrystalline substance；5th, back production list
Unit；6th, back production region；7th, the most upper segmentation of studding and fore-set region are persisted；8th, remainder studding and polycrystalline substance region；9th, every
From band；10th, cushion；11st, pressure release skylight well；12nd, barren rock dry stowing；13rd, chamber blasting forces armor on induction caving
Rock；14th, armor rock in, on deep hole blasting pressure induction caving；15th, ground pressure monitoring early warning system；16th, wave arrestment wall；17th, safety away from
From；18th, discharging tunnel；19th, dead zone boundary line；20th, earth's surface boundary line.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 1, certain Pb-Zn deposits, more than 65 ° of the slanting angle of ore body, average thickness 24m, more than its 950m stage casing barnyard for many years
The complicated dead zone that exploitation accumulation is formed does not deal with, and hidden danger is projected, and seriously constrains the high-efficiency mining of mine bottom resource.For
Ore body below Pb-Zn deposits back production 950m stage casings is using middle thick high-dipping ore block barnyard continuous exploitation method of the invention.Specifically
Performance is as follows：
1. back production unit in exploiting field domain and back production region is divided back to：Determine and continuously returned for one between 14~20 exploration lines
Exploiting field domain 6, arranges altogether 3 back production units 5 in back production region 6, the vertical orebody trend of back production unit 5 arrangement is temporary between back production unit 5
Studding 1 is stayed, reservation isolation strip 9, the width 60m of back production unit 5, the width 45m of mineral building 3 between back production region 6, thickness is orebody thickness；Temporarily
The width 15m of studding 1 is stayed, is highly the height of mineral building 3；The thickness 6m of 5 fore-set of back production unit 2, the height 12m of moat ditch polycrystalline substance 4.
2. back production general sequence is determined：Adopt between back production unit 5 in continuous stoping region 6 and back production region 6 in ore body
With the stopping sequence advanced to two ends from middle part.
3. quasi- engineering is adopted in general layout：Height of lift is determined in back production unit 5 according to Ore drillability and explosiveness,
It is determined that height of lift be 14m and 18m, quasi- level is adopted for 912m, 926m, 944m, along the outer arrangement stage of orebody trend lower wall arteries and veins
Haulage drift, every 60m is in lower wall level haulageway side arrangement ventilation pedestrain raise and adopts quasi- drop shaft, gets in touch with each segmentation,
912m levels are normal back production segmentation, and it is highly 14m, three rock drilling lanes of arrangement in mineral building, persist one chisel of arrangement in studding 1
Rock gangway, and be in align arrangement with 926m sublevel drillings lane；926m heights of lift are 18m, same three rock drilling lanes of arrangement, one temporarily
The rock drilling lane of studding 1 is stayed, while persisting one rock drilling lane of arrangement in studding 1 in 944m levels, to reclaim fore-set 2 is persisted.Back production
Using Ore gathering by trench, the version of many crosscut arrangements of bilateral, the level of moat ditch polycrystalline substance 4 is 900m to unit bottom structure 4,
900m~912m is moat ditch polycrystalline substance 4, to guarantee that mineral building 3 is fully entered moat ditch, moat ditch ore drawing angle by ore deposit scope production ore
Degree is not less than 40 °, and lower disposed two receives ore deposit moat ditch.
4. cut and enhanced recovery back production unit：900m stage casings kerve is carried out first, with its slot raise and cutting gallery
For the scope of freedom, from slot raise to the border fan shaped medium length hole elementary errors blasting in groups kerve of mineral building 3 cutting groove is formed；The segmentation kerve
After end, 912m segmentation kerves are carried out, when quick-fried heap is too high, in bottom 900m stage casings a small amount of ore drawing in local is carried out；926m is segmented
Kerve is carried out by the way of same with 912m segmentations, after the completion of whole kerf blasting, a large amount of concentrating minings is carried out；Cutting flute profile
Cheng Hou, with cutting groove as the scope of freedom, 3 points of 5 mineral building of back production unit carries out collection borehole blasting 4 times, and per separate explosion appropriate ore removal is completed, and treats
A large amount of ore removals again after the completion of the whole explosion of mineral building 3.
5. build and persist ore pillar recovery safe working environment：Armor rock 14 and cave by, on deep hole pressure induction caving
Armor rock 13 on induction caving is forced in room explosion, and with reference to barren rock dry stowing 12 the thick cushions 10 of 25m are defined；Control out
The end open wiring mouth safe distance 17 of discharging tunnel 18 of personnel and equipment safety is maintained at beyond 8m during ore deposit；Arrange
980m, 900m horizontal soil pressure monitoring and warning system 15；208m pressure releases skylight is dug between dead zone boundary line 19 and earth's surface boundary line 20
Well；Construct the rock and concrete wave arrestment wall for preventing air-shock wave from working the mischief to adjacent operating area at 10；By with
Upper safety engineering measure, constructs the safe working environment for persisting ore pillar recovery.
During 3 back production of mineral building, related excavation work that can be needed for synchronization implementation cushion 10 and other safety engineering measures；
After the back production of mineral building 3 terminates, the cushion 10 of safe desired thickness is formed immediately.
6. substep is reclaimed and persists ore pillar：On the basis of safe working environment is built, first persisting more than 926m
The most upper segmentation of studding and fore-set region 7 carry out blasting in once-through recovery, subsequently carry out ore removal, then will remain in cushion 10 time
Remaining part point studding and polycrystalline substance region 8 are reclaimed using Caving Method with Large Space tunneling boring retrusive.
Claims (5)
1. thick high-dipping ore block barnyard continuous exploitation method in one kind, it is characterised in that the method is comprised the following steps：
A, be divided back to exploiting field domain and back production region in back production unit：One stage casing is divided into into several continuous stoping regions
（6）, then by each back production region（6）It is divided into some back production units（5）, back production unit（5）Between persist studding（1）, back production area
Domain（6）Between retain isolation strip（9）, and according to the depth of the country rock physics classroom teaching and exploitation for affecting STOPE STABILITY, it is determined that
Support the isolation strip of country rock（9）, persist studding（1）And fore-set（2）Reasonable size；
B, determine back production region back production general sequence：Continuous stoping region in ore body（6）With back production region（6）Interior back production unit
（5）Between using the stopping sequence that advanced to two ends from middle part；
Quasi- engineering is adopted in C, general layout back production region：According to Ore drillability and explosiveness in back production unit（5）It is interior to determine segmentation
Highly, along the outer arrangement stage haulage drift of orebody trend lower wall arteries and veins, in level haulageway side arrangement ventilation pedestrain raise and
Quasi- drop shaft is adopted, each segmentation, back production unit is got in touch with（5）Rooming（3）Each step-by-step arrangement rock drilling lane, persists studding（1）In it is every
One rock drilling lane of step-by-step arrangement, back production unit bottom structure（4）Using Ore gathering by trench, the version of many crosscut arrangements of bilateral；
D, cutting and enhanced recovery back production unit：With slot raise and cutting gallery as the scope of freedom, drawn using Qie Jingqie lanes joint
Channel process, blasting in groups is to mineral building（3）Verge advance forms cutting groove, after cutting groove is formed, with cutting groove as the scope of freedom, by mineral building
（3）Concentrating by several times carries out explosion；
E, structure persist ore pillar and reclaim safe working environment：Form cushion（10）；Construction prevents air-shock wave to adjacent
The wave arrestment wall that operating area works the mischief（16）；Arrangement ground pressure monitoring early warning system（15）；Digging pressure release skylight well（11）；Control
The discharging tunnel of personnel and equipment safety during ore removal（18）End open wiring mouth safe distance（17）；
F, substep are reclaimed and persist ore pillar：On the basis of safe working environment is built, first will persist studding most it is upper segmentation and
Fore-set region（7）Blasting in once-through recovery is carried out, ore removal is subsequently carried out, then in cushion（10）It is lower by remainder studding
And polycrystalline substance region（8）Reclaimed using Caving Method with Large Space tunneling boring retrusive.
2. middle thick high-dipping ore block barnyard continuous exploitation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step C
Middle back production unit bottom structure（4）It is not less than Ore natural repose angle by ore deposit moat ditch ore drawing angle.
3. middle thick high-dipping ore block barnyard continuous exploitation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step E
Middle wave arrestment wall（16）For rock or concrete wave arrestment wall.
4. middle thick high-dipping ore block barnyard continuous exploitation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step E
In by forcing armor rock or with reference to barren rock dry stowing on induction caving（12）Form cushion（10）.
5. middle thick high-dipping ore block barnyard continuous exploitation method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The pressure is lured
Lead during armor rock is in avalanche, armor rock on induction caving is forced in deep hole blasting（14）Disk on induction caving is forced with chamber blasting
Country rock（13）In one or two.
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| CN105756679A (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2016-07-13 | 江西稀有稀土金属钨业集团有限公司 | Slow-to-fast comprehensive shallow hole mining method for ultra-thin complex quartz vein |
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| CN110500132B (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2020-05-22 | 中南大学 | Upward-moving type empty-field subsequent waste rock cementing filling method |
| CN110656939B (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2020-10-20 | 北京科技大学 | Large-stage efficient mining method for steeply inclined medium-thickness ore body meeting water argillization surrounding rock |
| CN111005724B (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2021-01-12 | 南华大学 | Method for stoping residual ores on top and bottom plates of slowly-inclined goaf |
| CN111779485A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-10-16 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Combined hole segmented open stope subsequent filling mining method |
| CN113216964B (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2022-05-27 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究总院股份有限公司 | Recovery method of deposit ore in process of transferring caving method to filling method |
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