CN108060921B - Thick coal seam gob-side roadway bottom coal recovery method based on narrow coal pillar heave effect - Google Patents
Thick coal seam gob-side roadway bottom coal recovery method based on narrow coal pillar heave effect Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method for recovering bottom coal of a thick coal seam gob-side roadway based on narrow coal pillar heave effect is characterized in that reasonable width of narrow coal pillars of a thick coal seam gob-side roadway is determined and comprehensively considered with bottom coal recovery, comprehensive design is achieved, active planning is performed, the narrow coal pillars are fully utilized to have the effect of enabling a roadway bottom plate to generate serious floor heave, the narrow coal pillars with reasonable width are determined to be reserved through theoretical calculation, the roadway bottom coal is broken and expanded, a mining excavating type loader is selected to excavate and load the bottom coal in a loose state to a scraper conveyor of the mining excavating type loader, and the bottom coal is transferred to a belt conveyor through a transshipment type conveyor to be transported out. On one hand, the invention overcomes the defects of low level of manual bottom lifting mechanization, high labor intensity of workers and the like caused by serious bottom heave generated in the conventional bottom coal gob-side roadway, changes passive mode into active mode, completely realizes mechanization of each process of bottom coal recovery, and greatly improves the working efficiency; on the other hand, the method adopts the measures of narrow coal pillar reservation and bottom coal recovery and further achieves the purpose of improving the recovery rate of coal resources.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for recovering bottom coal of a gob-side entry driving of a narrow coal pillar of a thick coal seam, in particular to a method for efficiently recovering bottom coal of a gob-side entry driving of a thick coal seam based on a narrow coal pillar heave effect.
Background
In the thick coal seam mining, because the height of a working face mining roadway is smaller than the thickness of the coal seam, and in order to avoid roof fall accidents caused by the remaining of top coal along a hollow mining roadway, the top and bottom coal is excavated along the top. The bottom plate of the roadway is a coal body with low strength and is in an open and non-support state, and serious floor heave can be generated under the superposition effect of the support pressure at the side of the adjacent mining area and the advanced support pressure of the working face. In order to prevent the serious floor heave of the roadway during the use period, the traditional method is to reserve a 20-30 m wide coal pillar for protecting the roadway, so that the peak value of the lateral supporting pressure is positioned outside the roadway, but the direct consequences of the method are to reduce the recovery rate of coal resources and shorten the service life of a mining area. In addition, the reserved wide coal pillars directly transmit the pressure of the top plate to the bottom plate, influence is caused on the stability control of surrounding rocks of a roadway and a stope during the exploitation of a lower coal seam, and the impact of mine pressure can be caused in serious cases. When serious floor heave occurs in the thick coal seam gob-side roadway, manual floor lifting measures are forced to be adopted to repair the roadway, and even the requirement of safe production can be met after multiple floor lifting. The manual bottom lifting work has low mechanization level, and the excavated bottom coal is extremely difficult to transport outside, thereby consuming a large amount of manpower, material resources and financial resources.
The method for recovering bottom coal in a gob-side roadway of a thick coal seam is disclosed in a paper of 'slope-varying bottom-lifting recovery technology in a bottom coal roadway at the end part of a fully mechanized mining working surface at large mining height' published in the 10 th volume of the book 35 of the coal academic press in 2010, and a method for recovering bottom coal at the end part by slope-varying bottom-lifting in a roadway is proposed in the paper, and bottom coal is recovered by a coal mining machine and manpower so as to improve the mining rate. However, the method still does not completely get rid of the operation mode of artificial bottom lifting, and is only suitable for recovering bottom coal from the roadway without serious floor heave in the forepart.
In the prior art, the coal pillar reservation of the gob-side roadway and the forced roadway bottom starting of the thick coal seam are carried out independently, and the connection is not established, so that the overall planning and the consideration are given, the deployment is carried out in advance, and the initiative construction is carried out. Meanwhile, because the manual bottom lifting is carried out only when the floor heave is serious, the mechanization level is low, the labor intensity of workers is high, the bottom lifting efficiency is low, and the propelling speed of a stope face is severely limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a bottom coal recovery method for a thick coal seam gob-side roadway based on narrow coal pillar tympany effect, which fully utilizes the tympany effect of narrow coal pillars to crush and tympany bottom coal, adopts an excavating loader to excavate and collect the bottom coal, and transports the coal out through a transfer conveyor and a belt conveyor to realize complete mechanization of bottom coal recovery.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following means.
A thick coal seam gob-side roadway bottom coal recovery method based on narrow coal pillar heave effect is characterized by comprising the following steps: the bottom coal recovery method is realized according to the following steps:
firstly, collecting a coal sample of bottom coal of a gob-side roadway of a thick coal seam on site by a drilling sampling method;
processing the coal sample obtained in the step (I) into a standard test piece in a laboratory, and measuring the cohesion of the coal sample by performing a variable-angle shearing experimentCAnd angle of internal friction
；
And (III) transferring the load of the bottom coal of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seam by the narrow coal pillar:
in the formula:
the bulk density of the coal at the bottom of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seam is KN/m3；
The thickness of the bottom coal of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seam is m;Cthe cohesive force of the coal body of the gob-side roadway floor of the thick coal seam, KPa;
forming a bottom coal inner friction angle for a thick coal seam gob-side roadway by a degree;
(IV) the caving height of the top plate of the adjacent goaf of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seam:
Mis the coal seam thickness, m;ktaking the crushing expansion coefficient of the caving gangue in the adjacent goaf to be 1.1-1.5;αthe inclination angle of the coal seam is divided into two parts, namely, a coal seam inclination angle and a coal seam inclination angle;
(V) obtaining the length of the broken rock mass above the coal pillar basically propping against the side of the goaf through a mine pressure field actual measurement methodL；
Sixthly, bearing load transferred by narrow coal pillars by the bottom plate coal body obtained in the step threeqAnd (IV) obtaining the caving height of the top plate of the adjacent goafhAnd the length of the basic crest square fracture rock block measured in the step (five)LAnd calculating the width of the reserved narrow coal pillar:
in the formula:bis the roadway span, m;hthe caving height m of the top plate of the adjacent goaf;Lm, the length of the broken block which is basically propped above the coal pillar;
is the volume weight of the top rock stratum, KN/m3；MIs the coal seam thickness, m;
a basic breaking angle is formed by a plurality of degrees;
(VII) according to the clear height of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seamXWidth and width of the productYDetermining a selected height of a mining loader-diggerHAnd widthTTo make
；
(VIII) selecting a transfer conveyor and a rubber belt conveyor matched with the mining digging type loader according to the digging and loading capacity of the mining digging type loader selected in the step (VII);
arranging installation equipment at a roadway section with the bulging amount of the bottom plate reaching 0.5m outside the front supporting roadway section of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seam, and excavating the bottom coal in a loose and broken state due to floor heave by using a mining excavating loader;
and (ten) loading the bottom coal dug in the step (nine) into a scraper conveyor of the mining excavating type loader, conveying the bottom coal to a rubber belt conveyor through a transfer conveyor, and finally conveying the bottom coal out of the mining main conveying system.
The further technical scheme is as follows: the thick coal seam gob-side roadway is a roadway which is tunneled along a coal seam roof and left with bottom coal; the thickness of the thick coal seam is not less than 5 m; clear height of thick coal seam gob-side roadwayXNot less than 4m, clear widthYNot less than 5m, and the thickness of the remained bottom coal is not less than 1 m; the length of a coal sample of the bottom coal of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seam collected on site is more than 10 cm; the total length of the coal core is not less than 1 m; the standard test pieces are processed into not less than 6 pieces in a laboratory; the conveying capacity of the matched transfer conveyor and the matched rubber belt conveyor is greater than the digging capacity of the mining digging type loader.
According to the bottom coal recovery method for the thick coal seam gob-side roadway based on the narrow coal pillar heave effect, the reasonable width of the narrow coal pillar is determined by adopting a theoretical calculation method, the whole stability of the gob-side roadway can be maintained, the bottom coal of the roadway can be fully damaged and heaved, the mining excavating loader is selected to excavate and load the bottom coal which enters a broken heave state onto the scraper conveyor of the mining excavating loader, the mining excavating loader is transferred onto the rubber belt conveyor through the transfer conveyor to be transported out, the problem of high-efficiency recovery of the bottom coal of the thick coal seam gob-side roadway is solved, mechanical, quick and high-efficiency recovery of the bottom coal is realized, the resource recovery rate is improved, the bottom coal lifting efficiency of the thick coal seam narrow coal pillar gob-side roadway is greatly improved, and reliable guarantee is provided for safe and high-efficiency production of a mining working face.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the positions of narrow coal pillars along the roadway of the thick coal seam.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the bottom coal excavation equipment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-narrow coal pillar; 2, thick coal seam gob side roadway; 3-bottom coal; 4-breaking the block basically on the narrow coal pillar; 5-adjacent goaf; 6-mining loader digger; 7-a transfer conveyor; 8, a rubber belt conveyor.
Detailed Description
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail.
As shown in attached drawings 1 and 2, the bottom coal recovery method of the thick coal seam gob-side roadway based on narrow coal pillar heave effect provided by the invention is implemented and is carried out according to the following steps:
firstly, collecting a coal sample of bottom coal 3 of a gob-side roadway of a thick coal seam on site by a drilling sampling method; the thick coal seam gob-side roadway is a roadway tunneled along a coal seam roof and left bottom coal, and the thickness of the coal seam of the thick coal seam is not less than 5 m; clear height of gob-side roadway of thick coal seamXNot less than 4m, clear widthYNot less than 5m, and the thickness of the remained bottom coal is not less than 1 m; the length of the collected coal sample is more than 10cm, and the total length of the coal core is not less than 1 m.
Step two, processing the coal sample obtained in the step one into a standard test piece in a laboratory, and measuring the cohesion of the coal sample by carrying out a variable angle shearing experimentCAnd angle of internal friction
(ii) a The number of the processed coal sample standard test pieces is not less than 6.
Step three, transferring the load of the bottom coal 3 of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seam by the narrow coal pillar 1:
in the formula:
the bulk density of the coal at the bottom of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seam is KN/m3(ii) a Z is the thickness of the bottom coal 3 of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seam, m;Cthe cohesive force of the coal body of the gob-side roadway floor of the thick coal seam, KPa;
and (4) forming an angle of an internal friction angle of bottom coal of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seam.
Fourthly, the caving height of the top plate of the adjacent goaf 5 of the thick coal seam gob roadway 2 is as follows:
in the formula:Mis the coal seam thickness, m;ktaking the crushing expansion coefficient of the caving gangue in the adjacent goaf to be 1.1-1.5;αis the inclination angle of the coal seam and degree.
Step five, obtaining the length of the broken rock 4 basically jacked above the coal pillar 1 on the side of the goaf 5 by a method of mine pressure field actual measurementL。
Step six, bearing load transferred by narrow coal pillars by the bottom plate coal body obtained in the step threeqAnd fourthly, obtaining the caving height of the top plate of the adjacent goafhAnd the length of the basic top side broken rock block measured in the fifth stepLAnd calculating the width of the reserved narrow coal pillar 1:
in the formula:bis the roadway span, m;hthe caving height m of the top plate of the adjacent goaf;Lm, the length of the broken block which is basically propped above the coal pillar;
is the volume weight of the top rock stratum, KN/m3；MIs the coal seam thickness, m;
(ii) a Is a basic bursting angle and is degree.
Seventhly, according to the clear height of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seamXWidth and width of the productYDetermining a selected height of a mining loader-digger 6HAnd widthTTo make
。
And step eight, selecting a transshipment type conveyor 7 and a rubber belt conveyor 8 matched with the mining excavating type loader 6 according to the excavating and loading capacity of the mining excavating type loader 6 selected in the step seven, wherein the transshipment type conveyor and the rubber belt conveyor matched with the mining excavating type loader refer to that the transportation capacity of the transshipment type conveyor and the rubber belt conveyor is larger than the excavating and loading capacity of the mining excavating type loader.
And step nine, arranging installation equipment at the roadway section with the floor bulging amount reaching 0.5m outside the front supporting roadway section of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seam, and excavating the bottom coal in a loose and broken state due to floor heave by using a mining excavating loader 6.
And step ten, loading the bottom coal dug in the step nine into a scraper conveyor of the mining excavating type loader, conveying the bottom coal to a rubber belt conveyor 8 through a transfer conveyor 7, and finally conveying the bottom coal out of the mining main conveying system.
The following provides a more detailed description of embodiments of the present invention by way of specific examples.
The method for efficiently recovering bottom coal of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seam based on narrow coal pillar heave effect is implemented by taking the roadway as an example, wherein the thickness of the coal seam of a certain coal mine is 6.5m, the gob-side roadway is tunneled along a top plate, the clear height multiplied by the clear width =4m multiplied by 5m gob-side roadway, and the thickness of the bottom coal is 2.5m, and the determining method comprises the following steps:
step one, collecting a coal sample of the bottom coal of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seam on site by a drilling sampling method to obtain a coal core with the total length of more than 10cm and 1.83 m.
Step two, processing the coal sample obtained in the step one into 11 standard test pieces in a laboratory, and carrying out a variable angle shearing experiment to measure the cohesion of the coal sample
And angle of internal friction
。
Step three, transferring the load of the bottom coal 3 of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seam by the narrow coal pillar 1:
in the formula:
take 15KN/m3(ii) a Z is 2.5 m.CIs 2 MPa;
is 30 ℃.
Fourthly, the caving height of the top plate of the adjacent goaf 5 of the thick coal seam gob roadway 2 is as follows:
in the formula: thickness of coal seamMIs 6.5 m; broken expansion coefficient of collapsed ganguekTaking 1.2; coal seam dip angleαIs 8 degrees.
Step five, obtaining the length of the broken rock 4 basically jacked above the coal pillar 1 on the side of the goaf 5 by a method of mine pressure field actual measurementL=16m；
Step six, bearing load transferred by narrow coal pillars by the bottom plate coal body obtained in the step threeqAnd fourthly, obtaining the caving height of the top plate of the adjacent goafhAnd the length of the basic top side broken rock block measured in the fifth stepLAnd calculating the width of the reserved narrow coal pillar 1:
then the width of the coal pillar is 10 m; wherein the roadway spanbIs 5 m; volume weight of roof strata
(ii) a Thickness of coal seamMIs 6.5 m; basic breaking angle
。
Seventhly, determining and selecting ZWY-80/45L type mining excavation style according to the net height X =4m and the net width Y =5m of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seam, wherein the height of the mining excavation style isH=2.25m and widthT=1.7m, such thatX﹣H=1.45m≥1m；Y﹣T=3.m≥3m。
Step eight, selecting the excavating and loading capacity of the mining excavating loader according to the step seven3H (120t/h), selected and matched withThe transfer capacity of the DZQ80/35/11 transfer conveyor was 300t/h, and the transport capacity of the SSJ800/2 x 40(B) belt conveyor was 400 t/h.
And step nine, arranging installation equipment at the roadway section with the bulging amount of the bottom plate reaching 0.5m outside the front supporting roadway section of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seam, and excavating the bottom coal in a loose and broken state due to floor heave by using a mining loader.
And step ten, loading the bottom coal dug in the step nine into a scraper conveyor of the mining excavating type loader, conveying the bottom coal to a rubber belt conveyor through a transfer conveyor, and finally conveying the bottom coal out of the mining main conveying system.
Claims (7)
1. A thick coal seam gob-side roadway bottom coal recovery method based on narrow coal pillar heave effect is characterized by comprising the following steps: the bottom coal recovery method is realized according to the following steps:
firstly, collecting a coal sample of bottom coal (3) of a gob-side roadway of a thick coal seam on site by a drilling sampling method;
processing the coal sample obtained in the step (I) into a standard test piece in a laboratory, and measuring the cohesion of the coal sample by performing a variable-angle shearing experimentCAnd angle of internal friction
；
(III) transferring the load of the narrow coal pillars (1) to the bottom coal (3) of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seam:
in the formula:
the bulk density of the coal at the bottom of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seam is KN/m3；
The thickness of the bottom coal (3) of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seam is m;Cis thickThe cohesion of the coal body of the floor of the gob-side roadway of the coal seam, KPa;
forming a bottom coal inner friction angle for a thick coal seam gob-side roadway by a degree;
(IV) the roof caving height of the adjacent goaf (5) of the thick coal seam gob roadway (2):
Mis the coal seam thickness, m;ktaking the crushing expansion coefficient of the caving gangue in the adjacent goaf to be 1.1-1.5;αthe inclination angle of the coal seam is divided into two parts, namely, a coal seam inclination angle and a coal seam inclination angle;
fifthly, the length of the broken rock mass (4) above the coal pillar (1) basically propping against the side of the goaf (5) is obtained by a method of mine pressure field actual measurementL；
Sixthly, bearing load transferred by narrow coal pillars by the bottom plate coal body obtained in the step threeqAnd (IV) obtaining the caving height of the top plate of the adjacent goafhAnd the length of the basic crest square fracture rock block measured in the step (five)LAnd calculating the width of the reserved narrow coal pillar (1):
in the formula:bis the roadway span, m;hthe caving height m of the top plate of the adjacent goaf;Lm, the length of the broken block which is basically propped above the coal pillar;
is the volume weight of the top rock stratum, KN/m3；MIs the coal seam thickness, m;
a basic breaking angle is formed by a plurality of degrees;
(VII) according to the thick coal seamClear height of empty roadwayXWidth and width of the productYDetermining a selected height of a mining loader (6)HAnd widthTTo make
；
(VIII) selecting a transfer conveyor (7) and a rubber belt conveyor (8) matched with the mining digging type loader (6) according to the digging and loading capacity of the mining digging type loader (6) selected in the step (VII);
arranging installation equipment at a roadway section with the bulging amount of the bottom plate reaching 0.5m outside the front supporting roadway section of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seam, and excavating the bottom coal in a loose and broken state due to bottom heave by using a mining excavating type loader (6);
and (ten) loading the bottom coal dug in the step (nine) into a scraper conveyor of the mining excavating type loader, conveying the bottom coal to a rubber belt conveyor (8) through a transfer conveyor (7), and finally conveying the bottom coal out of the mining main conveying system.
2. The method for recovering bottom coal of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seam based on the narrow coal pillar tympany effect according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the thick coal seam gob-side roadway is a roadway which is excavated along a coal seam roof and left with bottom coal.
3. The method for recovering bottom coal of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seam based on the narrow coal pillar tympany effect according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the thickness of the thick coal seam is not less than 5 m.
4. The method for recovering bottom coal of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seam based on the narrow coal pillar tympany effect according to claim 1, is characterized in that: clear height of thick coal seam gob-side roadwayXNot less than 4m, clear widthYNot less than 5m, and the thickness of the remained bottom coal is not less than 1 m.
5. The method for recovering bottom coal of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seam based on the narrow coal pillar tympany effect according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the length of a coal sample of the bottom coal (3) of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seam collected on site is more than 10 cm; the total length of the coal core is not less than 1 m.
6. The method for recovering bottom coal of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seam based on the narrow coal pillar tympany effect according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the standard test pieces processed in the laboratory are not less than 6.
7. The method for recovering bottom coal of the gob-side roadway of the thick coal seam based on the narrow coal pillar tympany effect according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the conveying capacity of the matched transfer conveyor (7) and the matched rubber belt conveyor (8) is greater than the digging capacity of the mining digging type loader.
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| 沿空掘巷窄煤柱稳定性影响因素及工程应用研究;李学华等;《采矿与安全工程学报》;20160930;第33卷(第5期);第761-769页 * |
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| CN108060921A (en) | 2018-05-22 |
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