CN103061764A - Goaf waste rock filling coal mining method of flexible shield support in half-edge coal seam - Google Patents
Goaf waste rock filling coal mining method of flexible shield support in half-edge coal seam Download PDFInfo
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- CN103061764A CN103061764A CN2012105401606A CN201210540160A CN103061764A CN 103061764 A CN103061764 A CN 103061764A CN 2012105401606 A CN2012105401606 A CN 2012105401606A CN 201210540160 A CN201210540160 A CN 201210540160A CN 103061764 A CN103061764 A CN 103061764A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a goaf waste rock filling coal mining method of a flexible shield support in a half-edge coal seam, comprising the following steps: firstly arranging an alley way before coal mining, wherein the inclined alley way is arranged along a pitching surface according to an angle of 23-25 degrees, mining along the inclined direction from top to bottom and along the trending from east to west; secondly using a flexible shield support for coal mining with coal mining method, using the flexible shield support on a mining surface, tightening among the flexible shield supports by using back boards, using a steel rope to connect into an integral flexible shield support, and separating the goaf waste rock and coal mining space; and finally carrying out goaf waste rock filling. Through the method, safe production of half-edge coal seam can be realized, and simultaneously the handling problem of waste rock produced in underground coal mine can be solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coal-mining method, specifically, relate to a kind of half-edge coal seam flexible type shield Gob Filling with Waste coal-mining method.
Background technology
When exploitation high-dipping coal seam group with near interval, because seam inclination surpasses roof and floor Block movement angle, behind the seam mining, roof, base plate all may be moved and be caving, the exploitation in coal seam, upper and lower part all can produce larger influencing each other, destroy the top of solid coal seam, the integrality of base plate, be unfavorable for the exploitation in adjacent coal seam.In the work mined bed, the upper frame support degree in the well is not strong, and this is soft relevant with half-edge coal seam, so will strengthen the dynamics supportive of upper frame, if untimely supporting or supporting measure are ineffective, wall caving will occur or cause the termination accident.The distribution of the caving zone during the exploitation half-edge coal seam, fissure zone and the band that sinks is just in time opposite with gentle dip, inclined seam.Because production capacity is little, be subjected to production technique, economy and objective geology condition restriction simultaneously, be difficult to adopt advanced roof control method.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of half-edge coal seam flexible type shield Gob Filling with Waste coal-mining method, can realize the safety in production of half-edge coal seam, can solve the handling problems that downhole coal mine is produced spoil simultaneously.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of half-edge coal seam flexible type shield Gob Filling with Waste coal-mining method the steps include:
(1) at first before coal mining, arranges the tunnel.The tunnel, slope arranges by 23 °～25 ° angles along the pseudo-face of bowing, across strike from top to bottom, across pitch is back production from West to East.
(2) secondly adopt the flexible type shield coal-mining method to mine.The face of adopting is selected flexible type shield, uses the backboard back of the body tight between flexible type shield, and adopts wire rope to connect into a flexible shield integral body, and spoil and the stope space in goaf separated.
(3) at last waste filling is carried out in the goaf.
Further, the step of flexible type shield coal-mining method comprises:
(1) coal breakage:
Hole placing: adopt artillery salvo hole placing, 2 boreholes of every row, array pitch is not more than 1.0m, and the mound height is not more than 1.2m, circulation of 10m; Wherein, perforating order from bottom to top, the geomantic omen pipeline is left behind by top,, and hangs with up drawing with perforating, perforating and powder charge parallel operations are more than the powder charge hysteresis perforating 2m.
Powder charge: adopt the forward powder charge, each borehole fills at least a water stemming material and is no less than 0.4m big gun soil, 2 of every powder charges.
(2) hovel coal from one place to another:
The limit spreads the scraper-trough conveyer limit and takes off piecemeal coal from bottom to top.
(3) flexible type shield is transferred in adjustment:
Along with producing coal, support progressively descends under the pressure-acting of deadweight and top bastard coal.
(4) remove, continue flexible type shield:
After a circulation is finished, end lower mouthful and upwards push to adopt more than the 5m, after tailstock is transferred and put in place, remove end to end frame place partially flexible shield support of lower storehouse, keep tailstock length up to specification, the flexible type shield that removes is transported to a storehouse continued access.
Further, waste filling step comprises:
(1) turn over cash:
Spoil is turned on the belt of slope, wherein, will break greater than the spoil of 400mm.
(2) transportation:
Pile up spoil at belt machine end, use Rabble mine winch waste filling in the goaf.
(3) rake cash:
Rabble mine winch is installed in the outside place of belt machine end.
(4) filling:
Use slusher to sling and turn in the work plane goaf behind the spoil, at positive pressure fan of upper crossheading peace, the air duct end is hung in the filling area distal-most end, guarantees normally to ventilate.
Further, the flexible type shield of the 1.6m of the preferred 11# of flexible type shield " worker " word steel processing.
Further, upper storehouse head is reinstalled winch lifting anchor pole every 20 meters replacing primary filling points during waste filling during replacing, retightens described belt machine end.
Further, upper storehouse head and the upper crossheading of adopting face adopt arc-shaped transition, and the gradient must not be greater than 18 ° in the 5m of storehouse on the distance, and the interior vertical brace spacing of a upper storehouse 10m scope that goes up the storehouse most is not more than 1m.
Further, the lower crossheading bolting with wire mesh head-room 〉=1.6m of place when adopting in the upper storehouse 5m scope of face banger, blows out in the tunnel of place below the head of lower storehouse.
Further, the length of changeover portion is 0～3.0m from knick point,
Further, the flexible type shield in the crossheading 10m scope 〉=6 on work plane.
Further, tailstock length 3-5m from knick point, tailstock height 〉=1.2m, tailstock is made a call to a vertical brace and is filled up slipmat every 1m, and there is an effective stull at least in the tailstock place.
Technique effect of the present invention is as follows:
1, the present invention can realize the safety in production of half-edge coal seam.
2, the present invention can solve the handling problems that downhole coal mine is produced spoil with the purpose of the spoil displacement energy, and prerssure on transport, the ground environment of having avoided the spoil lifting to bring pollute and the occupation of land problem.
3, the present invention can improve resource recovery, preserve the ecological environment, promotes the mining area harmonious development.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is half-edge coal seam flexible type shield Gob Filling with Waste coal-mining method schematic diagram.
Among the figure, the 1-tunnel; The 2-goaf; The 3-flexible shield support; The 4-top board; The 5-base plate; The 6-winch; The 7-slusher; The 8-conveyor.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail.
(1) tunnel is arranged and sequence of construction
Arrange according to geology actual conditions and engineering, work plane is arranged as 5 storehouses: advance from west to east, tunnel, slope 1 is arranged by 23 °～25 ° angles along the pseudo-face of bowing.
Sequence of construction: observe across strike from top to bottom, across pitch is back production from West to East, and first back production 2# storehouse connects the storehouse with 3#, 4#, 5#, 1# storehouse successively and forms the back production of many storehouses along with pushing to adopt.
(2) coal-mining method and coal winning technology
1. coal-mining method: according to condition of coal seam occurrence and the actual coal seam situation that discloses, adopt the flexible type shield coal-mining method, concrete steps and parameter are as follows:
The mound height is not more than 1.2m (normal); The work plane gradient is consistent 23 °～25 ° and the gradient; The gradient is adjusted into 25 °～27 ° during ending; In the 5m scope of storehouse, in easy flights in 18 ° on the distance.
Tailstock length: begin to calculate tailstock length 3-5m from knick point.Become horizontal after making the tailstock knick point, tailstock height 〉=1.2m, tailstock must be made a call to a vertical brace every 1m, and the tailstock vertical brace can not attached the names of pre-determined candidates, but must the pad slipmat.There is an effective stull at least in the tailstock place.
When upper and lower storehouse pushes to adopt simultaneously, calculate from knick point, the upper end in the lower end in upper storehouse and lower storehouse is wrong apart from must not be greater than 3m, and guarantees that upward the storehouse is descended in the storehouse in advance.
In time the flexible type shield continuity is put in place when upper end pushes to adopt, and flexible type shield was pacified 2～3 of knick points.
Must guarantee to push to adopt progress when work plane pushes to adopt, the gradient is consistent.
2. support form
Slope, haulage way are selected " wire lath+steel band+resin anchor+cable bolting ", adopt metallic support to reinforce.
Face support selects 11# " worker " word steel processing 1.6m flexible type shield 3 to carry out supporting.3 of flexible type shields use the backboard back of the body tight, adopt the wire rope of 6 diameter 26～28mm that flexible type shield 3 is connected into a flexible shield integral body, spoil and stope space with goaf 2 separates thus, adopt the wire rope that must use same model in the face, steel cable termina will stagger, and adjacent two wire rope can not have plural joint within the 3m; The steel cable termina place will overlap more than the 2m, and uses and to be no less than 8 clamp cards jails, clamp must with the rope coupling.First, fourth is used double-steel wire rope.
Adopt and normally push away when side in the face, other place gradient except a storehouse 5m scope up and down is interior is 23 °～25 °, and the gradient will be consistent.
During the continuous frame of upper storehouse head, pacified 2～3 of knick points for close.
Crossheading is apart from upper storehouse head on the work plane, and lower crossheading is apart from lower storehouse head, and middle milling coal hole coal mouth under the centre respectively is no less than in the 20m scope accomplishes fluently advance support.Adopt a monomer column to add a hinge joint beam when support form is bolting with wire mesh in slope top board 4 side 10m, the base plate 5 side 20m scopes and reinforce, strand Liang Shangxiao makes it to be connected; When support form was metallic support, each frame head was made a call to a vertical brace, and vertical brace is with old railway (or monomer column).Upper crossheading gallery adopts the anchor rete cord to add and whitewashes and carries out supporting.Beat monomer column in seat earth 5 sides in mouthfuls of 20 meters scopes and add wood and cut and reinforce, spacing is not more than 1.0m.
3. coal winning technology
Main manufacturing process has coal breakage (perforating, blow out), hovel coal from one place to another, adjust and transfer support, remove continuity support, waste filling etc.
Coal breakage: according to seam hardness, thickness and stope ambient pressure situation, coal winning technology hole placing, adopt artillery salvo hole placing, 2 boreholes of every row, array pitch is not more than 1.0m, and the mound height is not more than 1.2m, under normal circumstances circulation of 10m.Powder charge quantity: 2 of every powder charges.Determine the gunpowder consumption according to pushing to adopt place's roof and floor 5 and geological conditions, but at most must not be above 3.The sealing clay consumption: load length and be not less than 0.5m, sealing clay remains the borehole part outward with clay stemming or seals real with the stemming non-flame properties, that the plasticity discrete material is made.Be subjected to the local location of work plane condition restriction suitably to increase and decrease the quantity of work plane blasthole number and powder charge by above regulation hole placing, adjust borehole angle and the degree of depth, can normally transfer support with avalanche coal and be advisable.Charge constitution: adopt the forward powder charge, each borehole fills at least a water stemming material and is no less than 0.4m big gun soil.Perforating order from bottom to top, the geomantic omen pipeline is left behind by top as far as possible,, and hangs with up drawing with perforating, perforating and powder charge parallel operations are more than the powder charge hysteresis perforating 2m.
Hovel coal from one place to another: the limit spreads the scraper-trough conveyer limit and takes off piecemeal coal from bottom to top.And must the strict implement limit take off the coal limit and beat vertical brace, take off one and make a call to a vertical brace.Take off first the coal of top board 4 sides, accomplish fluently vertical brace, note top board 4 situations when taking off coal, find to have the cash of leakage in time to hide, again draw the back of the body after the safety.Significantly steep bank can not appear in the place ahead float coal when taking off coal.
After dismounting, 3: one circulations of continuity flexible type shield are finished, end lower mouthful and upwards push to adopt more than the 5m, after tailstock is transferred and put in place, remove end to end frame place partially flexible shield support 3 of lower storehouse, keep tailstock length up to specification, the flexible type shield 3 that removes is transported to a storehouse continued access.
(3) waste filling: the waste filling place is chosen in crossheading on the work plane.Main stowing operation turns over cash, transportation, rake cash, filling.
1. turn over cash: each level uses skew back formula mine car to turn over the cash place with what spoil was transported to work plane, and spoil is turned on the belt of slope.Spoil can use length that instrument is cleared up in the time of can not routing up fully.To accomplish fluently the car small pin for the case when turning over cash, once only allow to turn over a car.Conveyor 8 outer spoils can use spade to hovel from one place to another on conveyor 8, must use sledgehammer to break greater than the bulk of 400mm.
2. transportation: spoil turns over to conveyor 8 tails and transfers accumulation through slipping scraper-trough conveyer lane, the belt supreme crossheading west belt on coal slope, use Rabble mine winch 6 waste filling in the goaf 2.
3. harrow cash: Rabble mine winch 6 is installed in the outer place of conveyor 8 Caudads.Upper storehouse head is changed the primary filling point every 20 meters.Must reinstall winch 6 lifting anchor poles during replacing.Retighten conveyor 8 tails.
4. filling: spoil turns in work plane goaf 2 after using slusher 7 to sling.Fill area be a upper storehouse flexible shield support inwards 3 meters with interior place.At positive pressure fan of upper crossheading peace, the air duct end is hung in the filling area distal-most end, guarantees normally to ventilate.
In addition, when adopting coal-mining method of the present invention to mine, also should be noted that following construction technology
(1) upward the storehouse head tube is managed
Adopt storehouse head and upper crossheading employing arc-shaped transition on the face, mound mustn't be arranged, the gradient must not be greater than 18 ° in the 5m scope of storehouse on the distance.Go up most on the storehouse that the vertical brace spacing is not more than 1m in the 10m scope of storehouse.
At banger, sink voluntarily when taking off coal, must take following measure in order to prevent close the end in upper storehouse:
1. going up the lane supporting is bolting with wire mesh, the processing and fabricating connection chain, and close 1#, 2# rope uses the clamp chucking, and the other end is connected with close overlapping in addition first anchor pole of end.
When 2. going up the continuous frame of storehouse head, continuous frame and the parallel operations of must not push to adopt in the 15m scope of storehouse on the distance.During the continuous frame of upper storehouse head, pacified knick point 2-3 frame, mustn't remove the air way supporting for close.After pushing to adopt the storehouse head, in time the continuity support continues support after forbidding to push to adopt for twice more at every turn.Adopt as far as possible pickaxe or pneumatic pick to dig during the continuous frame of upper storehouse head, if when needing banger to process, the dark 1.0m that is no more than of eye, every explosive payload is not more than 1, and the eye number is no more than 4.Support must be installed firmly, and set spacing is consistent, tight with the resin backing interval between frame and the frame, compression joint close.During operation, upper all bolts except head end of this rope are unscrewed, with jack will restrict strain after, again with bolt tightening, every rope carries out successively.
(2) upper and lower crossheading and changeover portion management
1. tunnel, upper and lower crossheading bolting with wire mesh place 1 height must not be less than 1.6m, when adopting on the face in the 5m scope of storehouse banger, blows out only accurate being chosen in the following tunnel 1 of lower storehouse head of place, blows out in the lane of forbidding to be in the wind.
2. will guarantee to count from knick point in pushing to adopt process, the length of changeover portion is 0～3.0 meter.If two storehouse counterparts will set at the place suitable for reading in lower storehouse gear coal (cash) facility, with bamboo raft or scraper-trough conveyer plate the suitable for reading of lower storehouse blocked, highly be tunnel 1 high 1/3rd, the bastard coal that prevents the storehouse falls into lower storehouse and hurts sb.'s feelings.
Changeover portion and each eye mouth place, storehouse make a call to two vertical braces and two oblique cap support supporting roofs 4 simultaneously.Support is not fallen the position or when unsettled, be played two stulls, and the triangle zoning back of the body is firm.
The gentle work plane lay-by material regulation of covering: on work plane, must get all the ready in the crossheading 10m scope and be no less than 6 applicable flexible type shields 3,3 wooden hammer drills (bamboo raft), 48 screws, 48 nuts and 24 block pressur plates, 2 Chain blocks.Get all the 2 suitable monomers posts ready in the 5 meters scopes of upper storehouse.Must get all the 2 of the monomer columns for subsequent use of 1.4～2.5m under each mound in the 5m scope ready, single-column for subsequent use can be beaten on flexible type shield 3, forbids to be placed in the coal.Will respectively there be a Chain block in lower storehouse head and scraper-trough conveyer lane.
3. the mouth of widening the view requires:
Will add strong supporting when pushing to adopt in mouthful 5m scope of widening the view, accomplish fluently horizontal stroke, vertical brace, the vertical brace spacing is not more than 1m, the eye mouthful on to wear footwear (two old planks) to vertical brace.When widening the view mouthful, remove and slip before breeching eye mouth " anchor net " supporting, make a call to 1～2 diagonal brace management top board 4, and install vertical brace and control flexible type shield 3 in the eye mouthful storehouse, top well.The mouth of widening the view is torn anchor net length open and is as the criterion to be not more than the work plane advance of working cycle, makes a call to two monomer columns when tearing the anchor net open and reinforces eye disputes point.With two monomer column cornerites, the wire lath bag is bundled on the monomer column.Use special tool to remove pallet and the nut of gate road 1 anchor net, anchor net and the tray nut pulled down are in time transported.When mouthful footing area of widening the view was large, anti-leak-stopping cash needed timely spent material to draw the back of the body well, and the support of taking the least important seat at a square table is supported.
(3) head tube reason in storehouse under:
1. tailstock length: begin to calculate tailstock length 3-5m from knick point.Become horizontal after making the tailstock knick point, the tailstock height is not less than 1.2m, and tailstock must be made a call to a vertical brace every 1m, and the tailstock vertical brace can not attached the names of pre-determined candidates, but must the pad slipmat.There is an effective stull at least in the tailstock place.
2. the every interval 1m of tailstock must make a call to a vertical brace.Non-skid feature be to take between vertical brace and support, anti-skidding plank or antiskid glue cushion used.When tailstock is faced upward frame, can add as required and play 1～2 stull.Tailstock is terminal must to adopt vertical brace (old railway or monomer column) and plank to seal.The sealing regulation: beat vertical brace in top board 4 sides and reinforce, vertical brace must be solid and reliable, and vertical brace is not attached the names of pre-determined candidates.Necessary lower bottom girder, the bottom girder two ends must be stretched out outside support and top board 4 vertical braces.Shoulder must be crossed in the vertical brace upper end, and length is not less than 100mm, and near support.After the vertical good support, draw sternly with plank again.
3. respectively block 4 clamps on the 1# of tailstock, 2# rope, prevent that support from sliding along rope, in order to make clamp card jail, 2# rope upper clip place wants the long short rope of an attached 0.2m.
4. remove the tailstock requirement: before tearing frame open, undercut first, peace and quiet foreign material guarantee that tunnel 1 is unimpeded, and tunnel 1 highly is not less than 1.2m, and the limit frontier inspection that undercuts is made an inventory of the firm degree of support, defectively mend immediately support.When tearing shelf open, 3 ropes of loose support bottom of elder generation, and loose 4 at most, the top rope once only unclamps 1, and establishes a grade cash wood.The support that splits out must be transported to outside mouthful 10m, and then tears second open.Use jack that support is split out, if support is stuck, the crowfoot of the available 1.5m of being not less than is opened the support sledge, with jack support is pulled out again, and not handy hand directly removes to drag support.When tearing frame open, personnel must stand under the shielding of reliable supporting and operate.When forgetting about it chain, personnel will lean to one side to stand in the safety place in addition apart from split support 2m.Jack hangs on the support that a bit support is propped up, and the some support is beaten on the pressing plate of top rope, and suspension column must be pedaled on hard coal.Play at least a stull and reinforce at the tailstock place, leaks cash after preventing from facing upward frame, forbids to put bastard coal when tearing tailstock open.
Claims (10)
1. a half-edge coal seam flexible type shield Gob Filling with Waste coal-mining method is characterized in that,
(1) at first arrange the tunnel before coal mining: the tunnel, slope arranges by 23 °～25 ° angles along the pseudo-face of bowing, across strike from top to bottom, across pitch is back production from West to East;
(2) secondly adopt the flexible type shield coal-mining method to mine: wherein, the face of adopting is selected flexible type shield, use the backboard back of the body tight between described flexible type shield, and adopt wire rope to connect into a flexible shield integral body, spoil and the stope space in goaf separated;
(3) at last waste filling is carried out in the goaf.
2. a kind of half-edge coal seam flexible type shield Gob Filling with Waste coal-mining method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the step of flexible type shield coal-mining method comprises:
(1) coal breakage:
Hole placing: adopt artillery salvo hole placing, 2 boreholes of every row, array pitch is not more than 1.0m, and the mound height is not more than 1.2m, circulation of 10m; Wherein, perforating order from bottom to top, the geomantic omen pipeline is left behind by top,, and hangs with up drawing with perforating, perforating and powder charge parallel operations are more than the powder charge hysteresis perforating 2m;
Powder charge: adopt the forward powder charge, each borehole fills at least a water stemming material and is no less than 0.4m big gun soil, 2 of every powder charges;
(5) hovel coal from one place to another:
The limit spreads the scraper-trough conveyer limit and takes off piecemeal coal from bottom to top;
(6) flexible type shield is transferred in adjustment:
Along with producing coal, support progressively descends under the pressure-acting of deadweight and top bastard coal;
(7) remove, continue flexible type shield:
After a circulation is finished, end lower mouthful and upwards push to adopt more than the 5m, after tailstock is transferred and put in place, remove end to end frame place partially flexible shield support of lower storehouse, keep tailstock length up to specification, the flexible type shield that removes is transported to a storehouse continued access.
3. a kind of half-edge coal seam flexible type shield Gob Filling with Waste coal-mining method as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that the waste filling step comprises:
(5) turn over cash:
Spoil is turned on the belt of slope, wherein, will break greater than the spoil of 400mm;
(6) transportation:
Pile up spoil at belt machine end, use Rabble mine winch waste filling in the goaf;
(7) rake cash:
Rabble mine winch is installed in the outside place of belt machine end;
(8) filling:
Use slusher to sling and turn in the work plane goaf behind the spoil, at positive pressure fan of upper crossheading peace, the air duct end is hung in the filling area distal-most end, guarantees normally to ventilate;
4. a kind of half-edge coal seam flexible type shield Gob Filling with Waste coal-mining method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, the flexible type shield of the 1.6m of the preferred 11# of flexible type shield " worker " word steel processing.
5. such as claim 3, a kind of half-edge coal seam flexible type shield Gob Filling with Waste coal-mining method, it is characterized in that upper storehouse head is changed the primary filling points every 100 meters during waste filling, reinstall winch lifting anchor pole during replacing, retighten described belt machine end.
6. a kind of half-edge coal seam flexible type shield Gob Filling with Waste coal-mining method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, upper storehouse head and the upper crossheading of adopting face adopt arc-shaped transition, and the gradient must not be greater than 18 ° in the 5m of storehouse on the distance, and the interior vertical brace spacing of a upper storehouse 10m scope that goes up the storehouse most is not more than 1m.
7. a kind of half-edge coal seam flexible type shield Gob Filling with Waste coal-mining method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, the lower crossheading bolting with wire mesh head-room 〉=1.6m of place when adopting in the upper storehouse 5m scope of face banger, blows out in the tunnel of place below the head of lower storehouse.
8. a kind of half-edge coal seam flexible type shield Gob Filling with Waste coal-mining method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that the length of changeover portion is 0～3.0m from knick point,
9. a kind of half-edge coal seam flexible type shield Gob Filling with Waste coal-mining method as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that the flexible type shield on work plane in the crossheading 10m scope 〉=6.
10. a kind of half-edge coal seam flexible type shield Gob Filling with Waste coal-mining method as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that tailstock length 3-5m from knick point, tailstock height 〉=1.2m, tailstock is made a call to a vertical brace and is filled up slipmat every 1m, and there is an effective stull at least in the tailstock place.
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| CN109779630A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-05-21 | 北京昊华能源股份有限公司 | A kind of half-edge coal seam coal-mining method |
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