CN104763425B - Pressure relief presplitting blasting gob-side entry retaining pillar-free mining method - Google Patents
Pressure relief presplitting blasting gob-side entry retaining pillar-free mining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104763425B CN104763425B CN201510056158.5A CN201510056158A CN104763425B CN 104763425 B CN104763425 B CN 104763425B CN 201510056158 A CN201510056158 A CN 201510056158A CN 104763425 B CN104763425 B CN 104763425B
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- Prior art keywords
- tunnel
- lane
- working face
- anchor
- pillar
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0006—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by the bolt material
Abstract
The invention discloses a pressure relief presplitting blasting gob-side entry retaining pillar-free mining method. The method comprises carrying out reinforced support on a tunnel to be subjected to pressure relief presplitting blasting gob-side entry retaining before working face mining, carrying out roof presplitting blasting oriented joint-cutting before working face mining so that the connection of the reserved tunnel and a goaf roof in a certain depth range, in working face mining, gradually feeding the tunnel subjected to roof oriented presplitting blasting into a goaf, carrying pressing by an upper roof so that the goaf roof is broken and sinks and a tunnel is automatically formed, and utilizing the reserved machined tunnel as an air way of the next working face. The pressure relief presplitting blasting gob-side entry retaining pillar-free mining method is free of slope expansion and dinting of a tunnel, improves a resource recovery rate, relieves excavation replacement, is conducive to tunnel maintenance, reduces a tunnel maintenance cost and reduces worker labor intensity.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pit mining field, more particularly, to a kind of release presplit blasting gob side entry retaining no coal pillar mining side
Method.
Background technology
In coal mining, serious using traditional block arch work stone and lane internal frame Peng Hu lane roadway deformation, especially top board
And bottom deformation is the most serious, the requirement in order to meet safety in production typically requires and carries out expanding the maintenance activities such as side, planted agent, to lane
The maintenance in road brings larger difficulty.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the embodiment of the present invention be to provide a kind of release presplit blasting gob side entry retaining no pillar mining method it is intended to
Solve, roadway maintenance difficult problem serious using traditional block arch work stone and lane internal frame Peng Hu lane roadway deformation.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of release presplit blasting gob side entry retaining no pillar mining method includes:
Before step one, working face mining, carry out its support reinforcement to release presplit blasting will be carried out along the empty tunnel stayed；
Before step 2, working face mining, to carrying out release presplit blasting, to carry out top board presplitting along the tunnel stayed of sky quick-fried
Broken orientation joint-cutting, the reserved tunnel of cut-out contacting in certain depth with goaf top plate；
Step 3, working face extraction, the tunnel having carried out top board orientation presplit blasting steps into goaf, is pushed up using old
To press, goaf top plate break convergence, automatic lane forming；
Step 4, machine lane are reserved as subsequent work face air way.
Further, the concrete methods of realizing of step one: by working face machine lane surrouding rock deformation mechanical mechanism, Measures for Supporting
Analysis and research, manifest in conjunction with this ore deposit ore deposit pressure, determine and adopt anchor cable+anchor pole+bar-mat reinforcement combined supporting to working face machine lane；
Anchor cable: the long 5.2m of steel strand anchor cable, diameter 15.24mm, protruded length 300mm, anchorage length is not less than 1.0m；Lean on
Nearly goaf side anchor rope array pitch 1.6m, tunnel central authorities anchor cable array pitch 2.4m, near goaf side anchor rope away from break line 400mm；Anchor
Rope pallet: pallet is 300mm × 300mm × 10mm butterfly pallet；Anchor cable pretightning force at least 6t；
Anchor pole: roofbolt adopt φ 18mm × 2300mm left hand thread steel resin anchor, bolt interval be 800 ×
1000mm, two k2350 powder stick end anchors, just more than anchoring tensioning intensity 10kn, delayed 15～25 meters of constructions of moraine head；Upper side uses three
Root pipe-seam type anchor rod supporting；
Anchor net: the metal mesh sheet lap of splice is 100mm, net and net lap-joint are every 300mm bifilar 8# iron wire colligation jail
Gu；
Steel bar ladder: back adopts reinforcing bar ladder beam and top board wire netting, side side anchor bar and the wire netting of long 2200mm
Connect together, steel bar ladder beam is formed with a diameter of 12mm reinforcement welding.
Further, the strengthening supporting concrete methods of realizing of step one:
The advanced rib in machine lane is not less than in the range of 20m with hdja-1000 metal hinge beam cooperation dz18-25/80 monomer hydraulic
Pillar strengthening supporting, beats double pillar in the range of 10m in front of rib, beats single post in 10～20m；
Strengthen support force of single-column and be not less than 50kn；
Help under the single post strengthening supporting Shi Kaoji lane of machine lane；Strengthen pillar and all carry out anti-down, anti-down rope using anti-down rope
Tie a knot on pillar during use；
According to roof weighting when withdrawing and the situation that is damaged, lead to top board to collapse after strengthening supporting to emit to withdrawing from, Ying Xian
Accomplish fluently a post with ore deposit I-steel in upper side, post is away from 1m.
Further, in step 2, the implementation method of release presplit blasting orientation joint-cutting:
Deep 4～the 4.5m of blasthole, vertical top plate punching, diameter 42mm, take spacing 500mm；Using3 grades of collieries
Emulsion explosive, single hole fills 2 Concentrated charge, explosive payload 1200～2250g, sealed borehole length 1000～1200mm；
Before working face mining, cutting intraocular in the range of the 20m of machine lane, beating the explosion of presplit blasting hole, premature degradation top board, fall
The destruction to reserved tunnel for the low first weight；After during entering exploitation, working face normally advances, and machine lane is cut with presplitting blasthole
Top line automatic safety lane.
The release presplit blasting gob side entry retaining no pillar mining method of the present invention, tunnel is not required to expand side, planted agent, improves money
The source rate of extraction；Alleviate excavation replacement；Be conducive to the maintenance in tunnel, reduce roadway maintenance cost；Reduce the work of workman
Intensity.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is release presplit blasting gob side entry retaining no pillar mining method flow chart provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is roof to floor convergence curve after release presplit blasting provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 be machine lane provided in an embodiment of the present invention basic supporting put down, sectional drawing；
In figure: (a) plan；(b) sectional drawing；
Fig. 4 is machine lane provided in an embodiment of the present invention strengthening supporting sectional drawing；
In figure: beat double pillar in the range of 10m in front of (a) rib；Single post is beaten in the range of 10m～20m in front of (b) rib.
Specific embodiment
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, with reference to embodiments, book is sent out
Bright it is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain this present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment is further described to the application principle of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows the release presplit blasting gob side entry retaining no pillar mining method flow process of the present invention, as illustrated, this
Bright it is achieved in that a kind of release presplit blasting gob side entry retaining no pillar mining method includes:
Before s101, working face mining, carry out its support reinforcement to release presplit blasting will be carried out along the empty tunnel stayed；
Before s102, working face mining, carry out top board presplit blasting to release presplit blasting will be carried out along the empty tunnel stayed
Orientation joint-cutting, the reserved tunnel of cut-out contacting in certain depth with goaf top plate；
S103, working face extraction, the tunnel having carried out top board orientation presplit blasting steps into goaf, pushes up using old
Pressure, goaf top plate break convergence, automatic lane forming；
S104, machine lane are reserved as subsequent work face air way.
The concrete methods of realizing of step s101:
(1) gob side entry retaining (machine lane) basic supporting scheme
By to working face machine lane surrouding rock deformation mechanical mechanism, Measures for Supporting analysis and research, manifesting in conjunction with this ore deposit ore deposit pressure, really
Determine to adopt " anchor cable+anchor pole+bar-mat reinforcement combined supporting " to working face machine lane, see Fig. 3；
Anchor cable: the long 5.2m of steel strand anchor cable, diameter 15.24mm, protruded length 300mm, anchorage length is not less than 1.0m；Lean on
Nearly goaf side anchor rope array pitch 1.6m, tunnel central authorities anchor cable array pitch 2.4m, near goaf side anchor rope away from break line 400mm；Anchor
Rope pallet: pallet is 300mm × 300mm × 10mm butterfly pallet；Anchor cable pretightning force at least 6t；
Anchor pole: roofbolt adopt φ 18mm × 2300mm left hand thread steel resin anchor, bolt interval be 800 ×
1000mm, two k2350 powder stick end anchors, just more than anchoring tensioning intensity 10kn, typically delayed 15～25 meters of construction (constructions of moraine head
5 meters of daily progress)；Upper side is with three pipe-seam type anchor rod supportings；
Anchor net: the metal mesh sheet lap of splice is 100mm, net and net lap-joint are every 300mm bifilar 8# iron wire colligation jail
Gu；
Steel bar ladder: back adopts reinforcing bar ladder beam and top board wire netting, side side anchor bar and the wire netting of long 2200mm
Connect together, steel bar ladder beam is formed with a diameter of 12mm reinforcement welding；
The strengthening supporting (Fig. 4) of step s101
The advanced rib in ①Ji lane is not less than in the range of 20m with hdja-1000 metal hinge beam cooperation dz18-25/80 monomer liquid
Pressure pillar strengthening supporting, beats double pillar in the range of 10m in front of rib, beats single post in 10～20m；
2. strengthen support force of single-column and be not less than 50kn；
Help under the single post strengthening supporting Shi Kaoji lane of ③Ji lane；Strengthen pillar all carried out using anti-down rope anti-down, anti-down
Rope must be tied a knot when using on pillar, and anti-down rope socket is connected firmly；
4. according to roof weighting when withdrawing and the situation that is damaged, top board may be led to after strengthening supporting to collapse emit to withdrawing from
, first should accomplish fluently a post with ore deposit I-steel in upper side, post is away from 1m；
In step s102, release presplit blasting edge air gallery technology principle
Due to the back production of working face, the reach of support, working face rear roof strata loses support, tunnel goaf side
Directly withstand under deadweight and interim strengthening supporting effect, occur once disrumpent feelings, the disrumpent feelings directly cantilever beam-like in overhand for the top
, due to the drive being directly caving and base object model sinks, owner is based on rotating for its variant, the shadow to tunnel for Tai Liu lane top board
Sound is very big；In order to keep the complete of back, and the pressure of reduction top board, by Pre-splitting Blasting Technique, top board is become automatically
Inside the lane i.e. reserved tunnel along in front of working face, face roof is carried out with pre- explosion in advance makes top board cut along predetermined direction generation
Seam, i.e. joint-cutting (top) line, with the propulsion of working face, roof pressure increases, and empty side top board is voluntarily caving along joint-cutting always, cuts top and unloads
Pressure simultaneous drifting；
(2) presplit blasting orientation lancing techniques scheme
Deep 4～the 4.5m of blasthole, vertical top plate punching, diameter 42mm, take spacing 500mm (to be determined according to Pre-splitting Blasting Effect
Borehole spacing), see Fig. 3 (b)；Using3 grades of emulsion explosive for coal mine, single hole fills 2 Concentrated charge, explosive payload
1200～2250g, sealed borehole length 1000～1200mm；
Before working face mining, cutting intraocular in the range of the 20m of machine lane, beating the explosion of presplit blasting hole, premature degradation top board, fall
The destruction to reserved tunnel for the low first weight；After during entering exploitation, working face normally advances, and machine lane is cut with presplitting blasthole
Top line automatic safety lane；
Further, described reinforcing laneway supporting, top board adopts anchor cable+anchor pole+steel bar ladder supporting, and roofbolt is using left
Rotation screw-thread steel resin anchor, the pipe-seam type anchor rod supporting of upper side.
Further, for joints development, the layer reason more soft-rock tunnel of distribution, at the coal mining machine lane driving initial stage using not breaking
The trapezoidal cross-section on top, does not use arched tunnel section.
Embodiment one
Buddha's warrior attendant colliery is located at Sichuan Dazhou City slabstone town, away from Dazhou City 27km, away from Dazhou City railway station about 30km.
Release presplit blasting gob side entry retaining no coal pillar mining construction technology process is as follows:
(1) head adopts face upper and lower crossheading construction.
(2) crossheading working face anchor cable construction under advanced 50m.
(3) delayed working face 2 5m construction presplitting blasthole.
(4) each 5 10 blastholes of constructing, after blasthole is constructed, timely charge explosion, every 5 blastholes of separate explosion.Every time
Before powder charge, each blasthole is checked by fireman, such as blasthole is affected by mining pressure it is impossible to load during cumulative powder stick it is necessary to blasthole
It is carried out；After powder charge, sealing clay length cannot be less than 1.0m.
(5) advanced rib 10m adopts double hydraulic prop to set up interim strengthening supporting；Delayed rib 10～40m frame
If single strengthening supporting is it is ensured that setting load reaches 90kn；In the range of the 10m of rib rear, top side is mixed using hydraulic prop again
Beat, to prevent from altering under spoil.Dynamic pressure section hydraulic prop support force monitor is installed in synchronization.
(6) working face extraction, shield lane section sets cement backboard gear cash in working face, mixes and beat waste track below cement backboard
Steel processing stand post is mixed and is beaten at 0.1m below construction release eyelet.
(7) old power station, directly pushes up and is caving along breaking joint fracture, automatic lane forming.
(8) help on the tunnel of working face wall rear to mix using mining I-shaped processing stand post and play the supporting of patch side, post is away from for 1.0m.
(9) rib rear 20m Wai Hu lane section adopts labor cleaning's float coal cash, lays track；After maintenance, tunnel clear span is not little
2.1m is highly not less than on 2.3m, rail level.
(10) parameter collection in explosion Hou Hu lane, and place on record, it is adjustment blasting parameter according to spot effect.
(11) carry out subsequent cycle operation (ibid 2～10).
1st, interpretation of result
In order to observe the deflection in tunnel, study the application effect of release presplit blasting, quick-fried with the release presplitting of w2112 machine lane
Broken starting position is measurement starting point, arranges a measuring point at interval of 2.5m, and measurement point takes the midpoint of back.Measurement result
As shown in Figure 2.
As seen from Figure 2, since the construction release presplit blasting of machine lane, roadway deformation amount very little, stablize rank in ore deposit pressure
After section 40m, through measurement meticulous several times, tunnel is basically unchanged, and release Pre-splitting Blasting Effect is described preferably, has reached expected
Purpose.
In addition, protecting lane technology before w2112 working face last 100m machine lane adopts, from current shield lane effect observation, adopt
Protect lane section tunnel with original technology, roof to floor convergence is more than 25%, two help the amount of shifting near to be more than 20%；Using release presplit blasting
Along Kong Hu lane technology tunnel section, roof to floor convergence is less than 20%, and two help the amount of shifting near to be less than 15%；It is fully achieved design requirement.
2nd, Economic and Efficiency Analysis
(1) release presplit blasting gob side entry retaining no coal pillar mining shield lane cost
According to above parameter, calculate the shield lane cost in every meter of tunnel, calculate through indices: using release presplit blasting edge
Kong Liu lane no coal pillar mining is 1026.02 yuan/m along Kong Hu lane cost, compared with the 3506.17 yuan/m of cost of former pick tunnel shield lane
Relatively, every meter of tunnel has saved 2480.15 yuan；Buddha's warrior attendant Coal Exploitation release presplit blasting gob side entry retaining no coal pillar mining skill in 2013
Shu Hu lane total length is 2080m, creates about 5,160,000 yuan of direct economic benefit.
(2) release presplit blasting edge air gallery technology improves coal recovery rate benefit
Compared with coal column shield lane, according to the wide protection pillar of 5.0m, release Pre-splitting Blasting Technique Gong Cheng lane 2080m in 2013
(780+740+560), add up to reclaim raw coal resource (780 × 1.71+740 × 1.45+560 × 0.85) × 5.0 × 1.35 ×
97% ≈ 18875t (parameter declaration: shield lane length, coal are thick, along working face incline direction 5.0m coal column, unit weight 1.35, the rate of recovery
97%)；Existing ton 300 yuan/t of the coal market price, the direct cost of current back production 1t raw coal is 120 yuan/t, creates direct economic benefit
339.7 ten thousand yuan of 18875 × (300-120)/10000 ≈.
Release presplit blasting creates ten thousand yuan of direct economic benefit 855.7 (516+339.7) along Kong Cheng lane technology.
The release presplit blasting gob side entry retaining no pillar mining method of the present invention, tunnel is not required to expand side, planted agent, improves money
The source rate of extraction；Alleviate excavation replacement；Be conducive to the maintenance in tunnel, reduce roadway maintenance cost；Reduce the work of workman
Intensity.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention
Any modification, equivalent and improvement made within god and principle etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of release presplit blasting gob side entry retaining no pillar mining method is it is characterised in that described release presplit blasting edge
Kong Liu lane no pillar mining method includes: before step one, working face mining, to will carry out release presplit blasting along the lane stayed of sky
Road carries out its support reinforcement；Before step 2, working face mining, carry out top board to release presplit blasting will be carried out along the empty tunnel stayed
Presplit blasting orients joint-cutting, the reserved tunnel of cut-out contacting in certain depth with goaf top plate；Step 3, machine lane are reserved for
For subsequent work face air way；
The concrete methods of realizing of step one: by working face machine lane surrouding rock deformation mechanical mechanism, Measures for Supporting analysis and research, knot
Close this ore deposit ore deposit pressure to manifest, determine and anchor cable+anchor pole+bar-mat reinforcement combined supporting is adopted to working face machine lane；Anchor cable: steel strand anchor cable is long
5.2m, diameter 15.24mm, protruded length 300mm, anchorage length is not less than 1.0m；Near goaf side anchor rope array pitch 1.6m, lane
Road central authorities anchor cable array pitch 2.4m, near goaf side anchor rope away from break line 400mm；Anchor cable pallet: pallet is 300mm × 300mm
× 10mm butterfly pallet；Anchor cable pretightning force at least 6t；Anchor pole: roofbolt adopts φ 18mm × 2300mm left hand thread steel resin
Anchor pole, bolt interval is 800 × 1000mm, two k2350 powder stick end anchors, just more than anchoring tensioning intensity 10kn, delayed moraine
15～25 meters constructions；Upper side is with three pipe-seam type anchor rod supportings；Anchor net: the metal mesh sheet lap of splice is 100mm, net is taken with net
Meet place firm with bifilar 8# iron wire colligation every 300mm；Steel bar ladder: back adopts reinforcing bar ladder beam and the top of long 2200mm
Sheetmetal net, side side anchor bar and wire netting connect together, and steel bar ladder beam is formed with a diameter of 12mm reinforcement welding；
The strengthening supporting concrete methods of realizing of step one: the advanced rib in machine lane is not less than in the range of 20m with hdja-1000 metal hinge
Beam coordinates dz18-25/80 hydraulic prop strengthening supporting, beats double pillar in the range of 10m in front of rib, beats single in 10～20m
Organ timbering；Strengthen support force of single-column and be not less than 50kn；Help under the single post strengthening supporting Shi Kaoji lane of machine lane；Strengthen pillar all to use
Anti-down rope carries out anti-down, knotting on pillar when anti-down rope uses；According to roof weighting when withdrawing and the situation that is damaged, to removing
Lead to top board to collapse after going out strengthening supporting to emit, first should accomplish fluently a post with ore deposit I-steel in upper side, post is away from 1m；
In step 2, release presplit blasting orients the implementation method of joint-cutting: the deep 4～4.5m of blasthole, vertical top plate punching, diameter
42mm, takes spacing 500mm；Using 3 grades of emulsion explosive for coal mine of φ 32mm, single hole fills 2 Concentrated charge, explosive payload 1200
～2250g, sealed borehole length 1000～1200mm；Before working face mining, cutting intraocular in the range of the 20m of machine lane, playing presplit blasting
Hole explosion, premature degradation top board, reduces the destruction to reserved tunnel for the first weight；After during entering exploitation, working face is normal
Propulsion, machine lane is with presplitting blasthole break line automatic safety lane.
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| CN114837662B (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-11-11 | 山东科技大学 | Unloading-splitting-support cooperative scour prevention method based on coal body pressure relief and roof pre-splitting |
| CN115263308B (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2023-08-08 | 乌海市天誉煤炭有限责任公司 | Blasting roof-cutting gob-side entry retaining method |
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| CN101806223A (en) * | 2009-02-17 | 2010-08-18 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Method for reinforcing return channel |
| CN201902216U (en) * | 2010-12-13 | 2011-07-20 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Passage supporting device |
| CN102182483A (en) * | 2011-04-26 | 2011-09-14 | 山东大学 | Semi-rigid abnormal beam anchor cable truss roadway supporting system |
| CN102536239A (en) * | 2012-01-06 | 2012-07-04 | 何满潮 | Long-wall working face coal pillar-free mining method |
| CN103075165A (en) * | 2013-01-10 | 2013-05-01 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Composite supporting method of vertical beam of coal road |
| CN103321642A (en) * | 2013-05-06 | 2013-09-25 | 中国矿业大学 | Gob-side entry retaining adjoining rock stabilizing method based on lateral rock formation pre-splitting control |
| CN103233748A (en) * | 2013-05-09 | 2013-08-07 | 安徽理工大学 | Anchor mesh cable column combined supporting design method for expanding extra-large span open-off cut brush into lane |
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