CN104763425B - Pressure relief presplitting blasting gob-side entry retaining pillar-free mining method - Google Patents
Pressure relief presplitting blasting gob-side entry retaining pillar-free mining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104763425B CN104763425B CN201510056158.5A CN201510056158A CN104763425B CN 104763425 B CN104763425 B CN 104763425B CN 201510056158 A CN201510056158 A CN 201510056158A CN 104763425 B CN104763425 B CN 104763425B
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0006—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by the bolt material
Abstract
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pit mining field, more particularly, to a kind of release presplit blasting gob side entry retaining no coal pillar mining side Method.
Background technology
In coal mining, serious using traditional block arch work stone and lane internal frame Peng Hu lane roadway deformation, especially top board And bottom deformation is the most serious, the requirement in order to meet safety in production typically requires and carries out expanding the maintenance activities such as side, planted agent, to lane The maintenance in road brings larger difficulty.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the embodiment of the present invention be to provide a kind of release presplit blasting gob side entry retaining no pillar mining method it is intended to Solve, roadway maintenance difficult problem serious using traditional block arch work stone and lane internal frame Peng Hu lane roadway deformation.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of release presplit blasting gob side entry retaining no pillar mining method includes:
Before step one, working face mining, carry out its support reinforcement to release presplit blasting will be carried out along the empty tunnel stayed；
Before step 2, working face mining, to carrying out release presplit blasting, to carry out top board presplitting along the tunnel stayed of sky quick-fried Broken orientation joint-cutting, the reserved tunnel of cut-out contacting in certain depth with goaf top plate；
Step 3, working face extraction, the tunnel having carried out top board orientation presplit blasting steps into goaf, is pushed up using old To press, goaf top plate break convergence, automatic lane forming；
Step 4, machine lane are reserved as subsequent work face air way.
Further, the concrete methods of realizing of step one: by working face machine lane surrouding rock deformation mechanical mechanism, Measures for Supporting Analysis and research, manifest in conjunction with this ore deposit ore deposit pressure, determine and adopt anchor cable+anchor pole+bar-mat reinforcement combined supporting to working face machine lane；
Anchor cable: the long 5.2m of steel strand anchor cable, diameter 15.24mm, protruded length 300mm, anchorage length is not less than 1.0m；Lean on Nearly goaf side anchor rope array pitch 1.6m, tunnel central authorities anchor cable array pitch 2.4m, near goaf side anchor rope away from break line 400mm；Anchor Rope pallet: pallet is 300mm × 300mm × 10mm butterfly pallet；Anchor cable pretightning force at least 6t；
Anchor pole: roofbolt adopt φ 18mm × 2300mm left hand thread steel resin anchor, bolt interval be 800 × 1000mm, two k2350 powder stick end anchors, just more than anchoring tensioning intensity 10kn, delayed 15～25 meters of constructions of moraine head；Upper side uses three Root pipe-seam type anchor rod supporting；
Anchor net: the metal mesh sheet lap of splice is 100mm, net and net lap-joint are every 300mm bifilar 8# iron wire colligation jail Gu；
Steel bar ladder: back adopts reinforcing bar ladder beam and top board wire netting, side side anchor bar and the wire netting of long 2200mm Connect together, steel bar ladder beam is formed with a diameter of 12mm reinforcement welding.
Further, the strengthening supporting concrete methods of realizing of step one:
The advanced rib in machine lane is not less than in the range of 20m with hdja-1000 metal hinge beam cooperation dz18-25/80 monomer hydraulic Pillar strengthening supporting, beats double pillar in the range of 10m in front of rib, beats single post in 10～20m；
Strengthen support force of single-column and be not less than 50kn；
Help under the single post strengthening supporting Shi Kaoji lane of machine lane；Strengthen pillar and all carry out anti-down, anti-down rope using anti-down rope Tie a knot on pillar during use；
According to roof weighting when withdrawing and the situation that is damaged, lead to top board to collapse after strengthening supporting to emit to withdrawing from, Ying Xian Accomplish fluently a post with ore deposit I-steel in upper side, post is away from 1m.
Further, in step 2, the implementation method of release presplit blasting orientation joint-cutting:
Deep 4～the 4.5m of blasthole, vertical top plate punching, diameter 42mm, take spacing 500mm；Using3 grades of collieries Emulsion explosive, single hole fills 2 Concentrated charge, explosive payload 1200～2250g, sealed borehole length 1000～1200mm；
Before working face mining, cutting intraocular in the range of the 20m of machine lane, beating the explosion of presplit blasting hole, premature degradation top board, fall The destruction to reserved tunnel for the low first weight；After during entering exploitation, working face normally advances, and machine lane is cut with presplitting blasthole Top line automatic safety lane.
The release presplit blasting gob side entry retaining no pillar mining method of the present invention, tunnel is not required to expand side, planted agent, improves money The source rate of extraction；Alleviate excavation replacement；Be conducive to the maintenance in tunnel, reduce roadway maintenance cost；Reduce the work of workman Intensity.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is release presplit blasting gob side entry retaining no pillar mining method flow chart provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is roof to floor convergence curve after release presplit blasting provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 be machine lane provided in an embodiment of the present invention basic supporting put down, sectional drawing；
In figure: (a) plan；(b) sectional drawing；
Fig. 4 is machine lane provided in an embodiment of the present invention strengthening supporting sectional drawing；
In figure: beat double pillar in the range of 10m in front of (a) rib；Single post is beaten in the range of 10m～20m in front of (b) rib.
Specific embodiment
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, with reference to embodiments, book is sent out Bright it is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain this present invention, not For limiting the present invention.
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment is further described to the application principle of the present invention.
Fig. 1 shows the release presplit blasting gob side entry retaining no pillar mining method flow process of the present invention, as illustrated, this Bright it is achieved in that a kind of release presplit blasting gob side entry retaining no pillar mining method includes:
Before s101, working face mining, carry out its support reinforcement to release presplit blasting will be carried out along the empty tunnel stayed；
Before s102, working face mining, carry out top board presplit blasting to release presplit blasting will be carried out along the empty tunnel stayed Orientation joint-cutting, the reserved tunnel of cut-out contacting in certain depth with goaf top plate；
S103, working face extraction, the tunnel having carried out top board orientation presplit blasting steps into goaf, pushes up using old Pressure, goaf top plate break convergence, automatic lane forming；
S104, machine lane are reserved as subsequent work face air way.
The concrete methods of realizing of step s101:
(1) gob side entry retaining (machine lane) basic supporting scheme
By to working face machine lane surrouding rock deformation mechanical mechanism, Measures for Supporting analysis and research, manifesting in conjunction with this ore deposit ore deposit pressure, really Determine to adopt " anchor cable+anchor pole+bar-mat reinforcement combined supporting " to working face machine lane, see Fig. 3；
Anchor cable: the long 5.2m of steel strand anchor cable, diameter 15.24mm, protruded length 300mm, anchorage length is not less than 1.0m；Lean on Nearly goaf side anchor rope array pitch 1.6m, tunnel central authorities anchor cable array pitch 2.4m, near goaf side anchor rope away from break line 400mm；Anchor Rope pallet: pallet is 300mm × 300mm × 10mm butterfly pallet；Anchor cable pretightning force at least 6t；
Anchor pole: roofbolt adopt φ 18mm × 2300mm left hand thread steel resin anchor, bolt interval be 800 × 1000mm, two k2350 powder stick end anchors, just more than anchoring tensioning intensity 10kn, typically delayed 15～25 meters of construction (constructions of moraine head 5 meters of daily progress)；Upper side is with three pipe-seam type anchor rod supportings；
Anchor net: the metal mesh sheet lap of splice is 100mm, net and net lap-joint are every 300mm bifilar 8# iron wire colligation jail Gu；
Steel bar ladder: back adopts reinforcing bar ladder beam and top board wire netting, side side anchor bar and the wire netting of long 2200mm Connect together, steel bar ladder beam is formed with a diameter of 12mm reinforcement welding；
The strengthening supporting (Fig. 4) of step s101
The advanced rib in ①Ji lane is not less than in the range of 20m with hdja-1000 metal hinge beam cooperation dz18-25/80 monomer liquid Pressure pillar strengthening supporting, beats double pillar in the range of 10m in front of rib, beats single post in 10～20m；
2. strengthen support force of single-column and be not less than 50kn；
Help under the single post strengthening supporting Shi Kaoji lane of ③Ji lane；Strengthen pillar all carried out using anti-down rope anti-down, anti-down Rope must be tied a knot when using on pillar, and anti-down rope socket is connected firmly；
4. according to roof weighting when withdrawing and the situation that is damaged, top board may be led to after strengthening supporting to collapse emit to withdrawing from , first should accomplish fluently a post with ore deposit I-steel in upper side, post is away from 1m；
In step s102, release presplit blasting edge air gallery technology principle
Due to the back production of working face, the reach of support, working face rear roof strata loses support, tunnel goaf side Directly withstand under deadweight and interim strengthening supporting effect, occur once disrumpent feelings, the disrumpent feelings directly cantilever beam-like in overhand for the top , due to the drive being directly caving and base object model sinks, owner is based on rotating for its variant, the shadow to tunnel for Tai Liu lane top board Sound is very big；In order to keep the complete of back, and the pressure of reduction top board, by Pre-splitting Blasting Technique, top board is become automatically Inside the lane i.e. reserved tunnel along in front of working face, face roof is carried out with pre- explosion in advance makes top board cut along predetermined direction generation Seam, i.e. joint-cutting (top) line, with the propulsion of working face, roof pressure increases, and empty side top board is voluntarily caving along joint-cutting always, cuts top and unloads Pressure simultaneous drifting；
(2) presplit blasting orientation lancing techniques scheme
Deep 4～the 4.5m of blasthole, vertical top plate punching, diameter 42mm, take spacing 500mm (to be determined according to Pre-splitting Blasting Effect Borehole spacing), see Fig. 3 (b)；Using3 grades of emulsion explosive for coal mine, single hole fills 2 Concentrated charge, explosive payload 1200～2250g, sealed borehole length 1000～1200mm；
Before working face mining, cutting intraocular in the range of the 20m of machine lane, beating the explosion of presplit blasting hole, premature degradation top board, fall The destruction to reserved tunnel for the low first weight；After during entering exploitation, working face normally advances, and machine lane is cut with presplitting blasthole Top line automatic safety lane；
Further, described reinforcing laneway supporting, top board adopts anchor cable+anchor pole+steel bar ladder supporting, and roofbolt is using left Rotation screw-thread steel resin anchor, the pipe-seam type anchor rod supporting of upper side.
Further, for joints development, the layer reason more soft-rock tunnel of distribution, at the coal mining machine lane driving initial stage using not breaking The trapezoidal cross-section on top, does not use arched tunnel section.
Embodiment one
Buddha's warrior attendant colliery is located at Sichuan Dazhou City slabstone town, away from Dazhou City 27km, away from Dazhou City railway station about 30km.
Release presplit blasting gob side entry retaining no coal pillar mining construction technology process is as follows:
(1) head adopts face upper and lower crossheading construction.
(2) crossheading working face anchor cable construction under advanced 50m.
(3) delayed working face 2 5m construction presplitting blasthole.
(4) each 5 10 blastholes of constructing, after blasthole is constructed, timely charge explosion, every 5 blastholes of separate explosion.Every time Before powder charge, each blasthole is checked by fireman, such as blasthole is affected by mining pressure it is impossible to load during cumulative powder stick it is necessary to blasthole It is carried out；After powder charge, sealing clay length cannot be less than 1.0m.
(5) advanced rib 10m adopts double hydraulic prop to set up interim strengthening supporting；Delayed rib 10～40m frame If single strengthening supporting is it is ensured that setting load reaches 90kn；In the range of the 10m of rib rear, top side is mixed using hydraulic prop again Beat, to prevent from altering under spoil.Dynamic pressure section hydraulic prop support force monitor is installed in synchronization.
(6) working face extraction, shield lane section sets cement backboard gear cash in working face, mixes and beat waste track below cement backboard Steel processing stand post is mixed and is beaten at 0.1m below construction release eyelet.
(7) old power station, directly pushes up and is caving along breaking joint fracture, automatic lane forming.
(8) help on the tunnel of working face wall rear to mix using mining I-shaped processing stand post and play the supporting of patch side, post is away from for 1.0m.
(9) rib rear 20m Wai Hu lane section adopts labor cleaning's float coal cash, lays track；After maintenance, tunnel clear span is not little 2.1m is highly not less than on 2.3m, rail level.
(10) parameter collection in explosion Hou Hu lane, and place on record, it is adjustment blasting parameter according to spot effect.
(11) carry out subsequent cycle operation (ibid 2～10).
1st, interpretation of result
In order to observe the deflection in tunnel, study the application effect of release presplit blasting, quick-fried with the release presplitting of w2112 machine lane Broken starting position is measurement starting point, arranges a measuring point at interval of 2.5m, and measurement point takes the midpoint of back.Measurement result As shown in Figure 2.
As seen from Figure 2, since the construction release presplit blasting of machine lane, roadway deformation amount very little, stablize rank in ore deposit pressure After section 40m, through measurement meticulous several times, tunnel is basically unchanged, and release Pre-splitting Blasting Effect is described preferably, has reached expected Purpose.
In addition, protecting lane technology before w2112 working face last 100m machine lane adopts, from current shield lane effect observation, adopt Protect lane section tunnel with original technology, roof to floor convergence is more than 25%, two help the amount of shifting near to be more than 20%；Using release presplit blasting Along Kong Hu lane technology tunnel section, roof to floor convergence is less than 20%, and two help the amount of shifting near to be less than 15%；It is fully achieved design requirement.
2nd, Economic and Efficiency Analysis
(1) release presplit blasting gob side entry retaining no coal pillar mining shield lane cost
According to above parameter, calculate the shield lane cost in every meter of tunnel, calculate through indices: using release presplit blasting edge Kong Liu lane no coal pillar mining is 1026.02 yuan/m along Kong Hu lane cost, compared with the 3506.17 yuan/m of cost of former pick tunnel shield lane Relatively, every meter of tunnel has saved 2480.15 yuan；Buddha's warrior attendant Coal Exploitation release presplit blasting gob side entry retaining no coal pillar mining skill in 2013 Shu Hu lane total length is 2080m, creates about 5,160,000 yuan of direct economic benefit.
(2) release presplit blasting edge air gallery technology improves coal recovery rate benefit
Compared with coal column shield lane, according to the wide protection pillar of 5.0m, release Pre-splitting Blasting Technique Gong Cheng lane 2080m in 2013 (780+740+560), add up to reclaim raw coal resource (780 × 1.71+740 × 1.45+560 × 0.85) × 5.0 × 1.35 × 97% ≈ 18875t (parameter declaration: shield lane length, coal are thick, along working face incline direction 5.0m coal column, unit weight 1.35, the rate of recovery 97%)；Existing ton 300 yuan/t of the coal market price, the direct cost of current back production 1t raw coal is 120 yuan/t, creates direct economic benefit 339.7 ten thousand yuan of 18875 × (300-120)/10000 ≈.
Release presplit blasting creates ten thousand yuan of direct economic benefit 855.7 (516+339.7) along Kong Cheng lane technology.
The release presplit blasting gob side entry retaining no pillar mining method of the present invention, tunnel is not required to expand side, planted agent, improves money The source rate of extraction；Alleviate excavation replacement；Be conducive to the maintenance in tunnel, reduce roadway maintenance cost；Reduce the work of workman Intensity.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention Any modification, equivalent and improvement made within god and principle etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
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| CN107191187B (en) * | 2017-07-07 | 2019-11-05 | 中国中煤能源集团有限公司 | A kind of gob side entry retaining cuts top pressure relief method |
| CN108457651B (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2020-04-03 | 河南理工大学 | Coal mine roadside filling gob-side entry retaining hydraulic splitting roof cutting method |
| CN108442929A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-08-24 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Wrong formula longwall top coal caving is along top arrangement drilling presplitting top coal outside high seam staggered floor position |
| CN108952725B (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-12-10 | 武汉理工大学 | Low dilution mining method suitable for gentle dip thin ore body |
| CN109973126B (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2020-08-28 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Stability control method for small coal pillar gob-side entry driving double-pressure-relief constant-resistance supporting surrounding rock |
| CN109973114A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-07-05 | 华北水利水电大学 | Deep is without roadside packing gob side entry retaining country rock integrated control method |
| CN110145326B (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2020-05-05 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Surrounding rock stability control method suitable for coal mining area main roadway |
| CN110735638A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-01-31 | 重庆交通大学 | Method for realizing gob-side entry retaining self-stabilizing structure under condition of hard immediate roofs of coal mines |
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| CN104763425A (en) | 2015-07-08 |
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