CN102493806B - Mechanized continuous mining method for wall-type gentle-inclined thin ore body - Google Patents
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- CN102493806B CN102493806B CN 201110393451 CN201110393451A CN102493806B CN 102493806 B CN102493806 B CN 102493806B CN 201110393451 CN201110393451 CN 201110393451 CN 201110393451 A CN201110393451 A CN 201110393451A CN 102493806 B CN102493806 B CN 102493806B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mechanized continuous mining method for a wall-type gentle-inclined thin ore body. A stope parameter with large structure size is designed in the thin ore body to realize the mining mode of the mechanized operation. A drill jumbo is used for drilling rocks, a scooptram is used for ore removal, the mechanized level and the production efficiency of the stope are improved, and through-thickness continuous mining is realized; bottom presplitting and hole blasting is carried out in the stope; in order to prevent from forming blasted steps on drilled rock which carries outexploding and hole blasting on an ore body side and carries out induced exploding and hole blasting on a top plate, a rock drilling roadway sinks for 0.5m; the dilution and the loss of the ore can becontrolled by presplitting blasting; and induced exploding and hole blasting on a top plate is carried out for induced spallation caving treatment of the top plate to process a goaf. The pressing, stacking and blasting technology is adopted for production blasting to control the position of slungshots and ores generated in blasting, and the ores in the step are conveyed by the scooptram. In the production process, the stope ground pressure is managed by hydraulic props. After certain production layout is carried out, the hydraulic props of the previous mining section are recovered, and induced spallation treatment is implemented to process the goaf.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sub-terrain mines mechanical mining method, especially relate to a kind of mechanized continuous mining method for wall-type gentle-inclined thin ore body that is applicable in the underground metallic ore gentle dip lean ore body.
Background technology
Be subject to the restriction of orebody occurrence, gentle dip lean ore body is regarded as a kind of complicated uneasily mining orebody because the ore that its exploitation can not realize stope inside by gravity from slipping, and is difficult to realize large-scale do mechanization operation in limited underground mining space always.And in traditional mining methods, the problem that panel caving method is faced is that stoping work is complicated, efficient is low, the production material consumption is high, causes that the stope production management is complicated, mining cost is high; Room-and-pillar method and breasting method, the subject matter that faces are that the ore pillar loss is larger, and ore recovery ratio is lower, resource utilize degree low, sometimes need to adopt the supporting measures such as anchor pole, complex procedures, and personnel carry out operation under the goaf or under the avalanche rock stratum, and its production security is relatively poor.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of stope Mechanization Level and production efficiency is high, realizes the continuously mechanized continuous mining method for wall-type gentle-inclined thin ore body of exploitation of through thickness.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, mechanized continuous mining method for wall-type gentle-inclined thin ore body provided by the invention, the large-sized stope structure parameter of design in the lean ore body, realize the mining pattern of do mechanization operation, adopt jumbo rock drilling, scraper ore removal, the realization through thickness is exploited continuously, and technical essential is as follows:
(1), panel stope arranges along the capwise of ore body, length of stope 115～125m, width 6～8m, the overall height of high 2.5～3.5m or ore body, staying panel barrier between the panel is the haulage drift safety pillar, the wide 5～8m of panel barrier; The underground pressure management that hydraulic prop carries out stope is set in exploitation process, selects flexibly to stay 3～5m ore deposit studding or artificial ore pillar to support at poor value and horsestone section;
(2), in stope, carry out presplit blasting hole, bottom, the ore body side collapses the rock drilling of shot hole and effecting of induction caving roof shot hole, utilize presplit blasting to realize dilution and the damage control of ore, the goaf is processed in the avalanche of inducing of adopting the effecting of induction caving roof shot hole to carry out top board;
(3), for controlling methods of blasting toes in open and the explosion step of stope, to the processing of sinking of the drilling drift of stope, the tunnel deflection is 0.4～0.8 meter, and when the scraper ore removal, utilize ore to build the ore removal platform of sinking position and stope, realize the operating condition of mechanization;
(4), the production explosion adopt to press the heap blasting technique, the slungshot of controlled blasting and the position of ore utilize scraper to carry out the transportation of stope ore; In process of production, utilize hydraulic prop to realize the stope underground pressure management, after carrying out safe production distribution, reclaim the hydraulic prop of the last section of adopting, implement to induce avalanche to process the goaf.
The ore body capwise is arranged, length of stope 120m, width 7m, high 3m, staying panel barrier between the panel is the haulage drift safety pillar, and the wide 5～8m of panel barrier carries out stope pillar or the artificial ore pillar that poor value flexibly or horsestone give over to 3～5m at stope middle part according to the occurrence condition of ore body.
The ground in goaf is pressed and is processed the upper two kinds of control models that adopt, and in the back production manufacturing process of stope, because the top board exposed area is large, the underground pressure management that hydraulic prop carries out stope is set, the maximum exposure area of control stope; When back production reaches certain dead zone parameters of structural dimension and namely is less than limit exposed area, the roof rock avalanche filling treatment goaf of carrying out the goaf is induced in utilization, form the production of working continuously of down-hole, and according to the geological conditions of ore body, leave the permanent studding of wide 3～5m in poor value and horsestone section and support.
Utilize sunk type stope drilling drift technology, the base plate sinking 0.5m in tunnel, methods of blasting toes in open and the explosion step of solution ore body blasting process are for the mechanical mining of processing gentle dip lean ore body provides condition.
Carry out long-armed pressure heap controlled blasting technology at the length direction of stope, use to press and pile slungshot and the control of quick-fried heap that explosion reduces ore, reduce dispersion and the fine ore amount of ore, realize centralization operation processing.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, mining preparation work is carried out in ore body, it is the ore extraction of the useless evil of a kind of nothing, the cutting engineering that need not to undercut, stope do mechanization operation degree is high, and production efficiency is high, through thickness is exploited continuously, solved a scraper ore removal difficult problem, ore loss ratio is low, has improved the rate of recovery of resource.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that longwell presses the heap explosion to induce the front view of caved stopes design.
Fig. 2 is along the I-I line cut-away view among Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is along the II-II line cut-away view among Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is along the III-III line cut-away view among Fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is along the IV-IV line cut-away view among Fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is along the V-V line cut-away view among Fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is along the VI-VI line cut-away view among Fig. 1.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, among the figure: 1. airway, 2. hydraulic prop, 3. ore, 4. big gun hole, 5. ore body, 6. haulage drift, 7. drilling drift, 8. drop shaft, 9. safety pillar, 10. collective conveyance tunnel, 11. country rocks, 12. ore pillars, stope arranges that along the capwise of ore body stope structure parameter is length 120m, width 7m, high 3m or full orebody thickness, staying panel barrier between the panel is the haulage drift safety pillar, the wide 5～8m of panel barrier.Because the top board exposed area is large, the underground pressure management that hydraulic prop 2 carries out the operation stope is set, and according to the geological conditions of ore body in exploitation process, leave permanent studding in poor value and horsestone section and support, the width of studding reaches 3～5m.Because single length of stope is longer, namely reaches dead zone after the limit range of exposed area in the certain zone of back production and carry out the avalanche of inducing of roof rock and process.
The ground in goaf is pressed and is processed the upper two kinds of control models that adopt, and in the back production manufacturing process of stope, because the top board exposed area is large, the underground pressure management that hydraulic prop carries out stope is set, the maximum exposure area of control stope; When back production reaches certain dead zone parameters of structural dimension and namely is less than limit exposed area, the roof rock avalanche filling treatment goaf of carrying out the goaf is induced in utilization, form the production of working continuously of down-hole, and according to the geological conditions of ore body, leave the permanent studding of wide 3～5m in poor value and horsestone section and support.
Exploitation process utilizes first the jumbo of short formula to carry out the driving of drilling drift in ore body, the drilling drift base plate sinks 0.5 meter on basis, ore body base plate border, explosion step and foundation that the production control explosion forms in ore body, then do cutting vertical-horizontal groove in the drilling drift bottom, take cutting groove as the scope of freedom, make parallel medium-length hole in drilling drift, side direction is pressed heap explosion ore caving, carries out retrusive continuous stoping order in the nugget.
Stope utilizes scraper to carry out the ore removal transportation, with the stope transport channel of drilling drift as scraper, utilizes the contact platform in slag realization stope and sinking tunnel to construct, and realizes the mechanization ore removal operation of scraper; The stope production period, utilize callable hydraulic pressure (hydraulic pressure) pillar to form the temporary supporting of stope, the Support Position advances along with the propelling of exploitation, for not destroyed by blasting vibration and can guarantee that the safety of ore drawing in stope is as the criterion, concrete supporting parameter is comprehensively determined by analog computation and safe exposed area analysis and field trial apart from the length of work plane.
Carry out long-armed pressure heap controlled blasting technology at the length direction of stope, use to press and pile slungshot and the control of quick-fried heap that explosion reduces ore, reduce dispersion and the fine ore amount of ore, realize centralization operation processing.
Claims (4)
1. mechanized continuous mining method for wall-type gentle-inclined thin ore body, the large-sized stope structure parameter of design in the lean ore body, the mining pattern of realization do mechanization operation adopts the rock drilling of short formula jumbo, scraper ore removal, the realization through thickness is exploited continuously, it is characterized in that:
(1), panel stope arranges along the capwise of ore body, length of stope 115～125m, width 6～8m, the overall height of high 2.5～3.5m or ore body, staying panel barrier between the panel is the haulage drift safety pillar, the wide 5～8m of panel barrier; The underground pressure management that hydraulic prop carries out stope is set in exploitation process, selects flexibly to stay 3～5m ore deposit studding or artificial ore pillar to support at poor value and horsestone section;
(2), in stope, carry out presplit blasting hole, bottom, the ore body side collapses the rock drilling of shot hole and effecting of induction caving roof shot hole, utilize presplit blasting to realize dilution and the damage control of ore, the goaf is processed in the avalanche of inducing of adopting the effecting of induction caving roof shot hole to carry out top board;
(3), for controlling methods of blasting toes in open and the explosion step of stope, to the processing of sinking of the drilling drift of stope, the tunnel deflection is 0.4～0.8 meter, and when the scraper ore removal, utilize ore to build the ore removal platform of sinking position and stope, realize the operating condition of mechanization;
(4), the production explosion adopt to press the heap blasting technique, the slungshot of controlled blasting and the position of ore utilize scraper to carry out the transportation of stope ore; In process of production, utilize hydraulic prop to realize the stope underground pressure management, after carrying out safe production distribution, reclaim the hydraulic prop of the last section of adopting, implement to induce avalanche to process the goaf.
2. mechanized continuous mining method for wall-type gentle-inclined thin ore body according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the ground in goaf is pressed and is processed the upper two kinds of control models that adopt, in the back production manufacturing process of stope, because the top board exposed area is large, the underground pressure management that hydraulic prop carries out stope is set, the maximum exposure area of control stope; When back production reaches certain dead zone parameters of structural dimension and namely is less than limit exposed area, the roof rock avalanche filling treatment goaf of carrying out the goaf is induced in utilization, form the production of working continuously of down-hole, and according to the geological conditions of ore body, leave the permanent studding of wide 3～5m in poor value and horsestone section and support.
3. mechanized continuous mining method for wall-type gentle-inclined thin ore body according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: utilize sunk type stope drilling drift technology, the base plate sinking 0.5m in tunnel, solve methods of blasting toes in open and the explosion step of ore body blasting process, for the mechanical mining of processing gentle dip lean ore body provides condition.
4. mechanized continuous mining method for wall-type gentle-inclined thin ore body according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: carry out long-armed pressure heap controlled blasting technology at the length direction of stope, use slungshot and the control of quick-fried heap of pressing the heap explosion to reduce ore, reduce dispersion and the fine ore amount of ore, realize centralization operation processing.
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| CN102735126A (en) * | 2012-07-04 | 2012-10-17 | 江西稀有金属钨业控股集团有限公司 | Millisecond blasting ore-waste separating method of gentle-inclined narrow ore body |
| CN103075157B (en) * | 2013-02-18 | 2014-09-10 | 中南大学 | Advance roof-cutting bottom-free structural bench breaking continuous mining method for flat inclined ore body |
| CN103726848B (en) * | 2014-01-17 | 2015-08-12 | 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 | Be applicable to the mining methods of recovery of gentle-inclined/inclthin thin ore body |
| CN104213918B (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2016-03-30 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司 | A kind of multilayer Synergism inhibition back production blasting method |
| CN104847356B (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2017-01-11 | 西北矿冶研究院 | Mining method of thin and small ore body |
| CN105626071B (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2018-03-20 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Mining method for gently inclined thin ore body |
| CN105735996A (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2016-07-06 | 中南大学 | Presplitting type wall cutting and filling stoping method for thin ore vein |
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| RU2730471C1 (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2020-08-24 | Федеральное Государственное Бюджетное Учреждение Науки Институт Проблем Комплексного Освоения Недр Им. Академика Н.В. Мельникова Российской Академии Наук (Ипкон Ран) | Method for underground development of gently sloping and inclined ore bodies |
| CN110185449B (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2020-11-24 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Medium-length hole mining method aiming at unstable rock stratum above gently inclined thin ore body |
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