CN107667628A - A kind of synchronous fertilising sead feeder and operating method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a synchronous fertilization and seeding machine and an operation method thereof, comprising a seed fertilizer box, a fertilizer discharge pipe, a seed discharge pipe, a bottom plate, double columbine legs and a furrow plow; the seed fertilizer box is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate, and the fertilizer box There is a partition inside, which separates the seed fertilizer box into a fertilizer box and a seed box; the double columbine legs are welded side by side, and a row of double columbine legs is arranged in the middle of the lower surface of the bottom plate; the bottom of the seed fertilizer box is provided with several Fertilizer and seed metering device, the fertilizer device and seed metering device are set on the same transmission shaft, and are arranged in a staggered interval; one double columbine leg is connected to a fertilizer device through a fertilizer discharge pipe and a seed discharge pipe respectively and a seed metering device; the seed metering device is connected with the seed box, and the fertilizer discharger is connected with the fertilizer box; the partition plate design in the middle of the seed fertilizer box of the present invention can realize fertilizer and seed discharge with only one shaft, and simplify the structure; What the invention adopts are double columbine legs, only one row of columbine legs can be used for fertilizing and sowing, the structure is simplified, and the volume is reduced.

Description

A synchronous fertilization and seeding machine and its operation method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a synchronous fertilization and seeding machine and an operation method.

Background technique

Wheat seeder is an agricultural machinery widely used in the north of Qinling-Huaihe River. It has the advantages of uniform sowing, effectively reducing the amount of seeds and labor. Dig the ditch through the ditch opener, pour the seeds into the seed box, and the seeds pass through the seed meter along the pipeline to the ground. Among them, the friction and rolling between the profiling wheel and the ground drives the rotation of the seed meter, so as to ensure that the seeds pass through the pipeline smoothly , to achieve seeding. Some wheat planters allow fertilization, with a separate line feeding fertilizer into the furrows where the seeds are located.

Most of the existing wheat planters use rotary tillage and no-tillage to sow seeds, and then fertilize the sown ditch. For rotary tillage, it undoubtedly increases energy consumption and increases the weight of the planter. In addition, if the soil humidity is relatively high, the soil is easy to stick, which is not conducive to the operation of the blade and sowing. For the no-tillage method, the ditch opener will inevitably catch straw debris and weeds during tillage. Some no-tillage seeders are equipped with slices that can cut off the weeds, but there are still many debris left. When most multi-functional wheat seeders fertilize, the base fertilizer and wheat seeds are in the same ditch. If the soil humidity is too high, the external osmotic pressure of the seeds is greater than the internal osmotic pressure of the seeds, resulting in burning seeds; other wheat seeders with fertilization function , although the fertilization is not in the same ditch, adding an extra row of columbine legs will undoubtedly increase the volume of the whole machine. Most of the existing seeder rears use compacting wheels to compact the soil covered on the seeds. The compacted soil makes the emergence of seedlings not good. Moreover, the columbine legs will be blocked during sowing. The above multiple factors will cause wheat Production is low.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a synchronous fertilization and seed metering machine and an operation method to solve the above problems.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A synchronous fertilization and seeding machine, comprising a seed fertilizer box, a fertilizer discharge pipe, a seed discharge pipe, a bottom plate, double columbine legs and a furrow plow; The fertilizer box is divided into a fertilizer box and a seed box; the double columbine legs are welded side by side, and a row of double columbine legs is arranged in the middle of the lower surface of the bottom plate; a number of fertilizer and seed metering devices are arranged at the bottom of the seed fertilizer box , the fertilizer discharger and the seed metering device are set on the same transmission shaft, and are arranged in a staggered interval; a double columbine leg is connected to a fertilizer discharger and a seed metering device respectively through a fertilizer discharge pipe and a seed discharge pipe; The seeder is connected with the seed box, and the fertilizer discharger is connected with the fertilizer box; one end of the lower surface of the bottom plate is provided with a row of furrow plows.

Further, a roller is provided on the edge of one end of the bottom plate where the furrow plow is installed, and the roller is connected to the drive shaft on which the fertilizer discharger and the seed metering device are installed through a chain.

Further, a cover plate is provided on the lower surface of the bottom plate far away from the furrow plow; a row of ridge soil wheels is arranged on the bottom surface of the bottom plate between the cover plate and the double columbine legs; the ridge soil wheels correspond to the double columbine legs one by one.

Further, a dispersing plate is arranged on the lower surface of the bottom plate between the double columbine legs and the furrowing plow; the dispersing plate is vertically fixed on the lower surface of the bottom plate through telescopic rods.

Further, a frame is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate provided with one end of the furrowing plow.

Further, obstacle detection sensors are arranged on the double columbine legs, and an alarm is arranged on the bottom plate, and the alarm is connected with the obstacle detection sensor.

Further, box supporting plates are vertically arranged on both sides of the upper surface of the bottom plate, and the seed fertilizer box is arranged on the top of the box supporting plate; both ends of the transmission shaft are arranged on the box supporting plate.

Further, an operation method based on a synchronous fertilization and seeding machine, the synchronous fertilization and seeding machine includes a seed fertilizer box, a fertilizer discharge pipe, a seed discharge pipe, a bottom plate, double columbine legs and a furrow plow; the seed fertilizer box is set On the upper surface of the base plate, a partition is arranged in the fertilizer box to separate the seed fertilizer box into a fertilizer box and a seed box; the double columbine legs are welded side by side, and a row of double columbine legs is arranged in the middle of the lower surface of the bottom plate; The bottom of the seed fertilizer box is provided with a number of fertilizer dischargers and seed metering devices. The fertilizer discharger and seed metering devices are arranged on the same drive shaft and are arranged alternately at intervals; a double columbine leg passes through a fertilizer discharge pipe and a seed discharger. The pipes are respectively connected to a fertilizer discharger and a seed metering device; the seed metering device is connected to the seed box, and the fertilizer discharger is connected to the fertilizer box; one end of the lower surface of the bottom plate is provided with a row of furrow plows;

There is a roller on the edge of one end of the bottom plate where the furrowing plow is installed, and the roller is connected to the drive shaft where the fertilizer discharger and seed metering device are installed through a chain drive;

A cover plate is arranged on the lower surface of the bottom plate far away from the furrow plow; a row of ridge soil wheels is arranged on the bottom surface of the bottom plate between the cover plate and the double columella legs; the ridge soil wheels correspond to the double columella legs one by one;

A dispersing plate is arranged on the lower surface of the bottom plate between the double columbine legs and the furrowing plow; the dispersing plate is vertically fixed on the lower surface of the bottom plate through a telescopic rod;

A frame is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate provided with one end of the furrow plow;

Obstacle detection sensors are arranged on the double columbine legs, an alarm is arranged on the bottom plate, and the alarm is connected with the obstacle detection sensor;

The operation method based on the synchronous fertilization seed metering machine comprises the following steps:

1) The staff hangs the frame on the tractor, and puts fertilizer and seeds into the fertilizer box and the seed box respectively;

2) Start the tractor, drive the synchronous fertilization and seed metering machine to move, the rotation of the roller drives the drive shaft to rotate, and the fertilizer discharger and seed metering device on the rotating shaft start to work, so that the fertilizer and seeds are discharged to the dual feeder through the fertilizer discharge pipe and the seed discharge pipe respectively. Aquilegia legs;

3) Adjust the height of the dispersing plate at the same time, the furrowing plow will open a groove on the ground, and the dispersing plate will disperse the straw and weeds shoveled out by the furrowing plow to both sides of the planter; the fertilizer and seeds coming out of the double columbine legs will fall on the In the ditch, the ridge wheel and the cover board gather and flatten the drawings on both sides of the ditch;

4) When the obstacle detection sensor on the double columbine legs fails to detect the falling of the seeds, it will alarm and remind the staff to stop the operation.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

The separator in the middle of the seed fertilizer box of the present invention is designed to discharge fertilizer and seed with only one shaft, which saves materials and simplifies the structure; the present invention adopts double columbine legs, and only one row of columbine legs can be used for fertilization and seeding , greatly simplify the structure and reduce the volume;

The machine of the present invention gathers the soil on both sides of each ditch by using a ridge soil wheel, and then covers the soil with a soil covering board to ensure that the soil is fluffy.

The invention is equipped with a straw dispersing plate, which can effectively disperse the straw and weeds on the surface to both sides of the planter, so as to prevent the columbine legs from being caught by the weeds and affecting the sowing;

The columella leg of the present invention is equipped with an obstacle detection sensor, used in conjunction with an alarm, and can notify the user in time when the columbia leg is blocked or malfunctions.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention

Figure 2 is a detailed view of the seed fertilizer box

Figure 3 is a diagram of the special columbine legs for sowing and fertilizing

Among them: 1. Seed fertilizer box, 2. Fertilizer discharge pipe, 3. Seed discharge pipe, 4. Bottom plate, 5. Covering soil plate, 6. Ridge soil wheel, 7. Double columbine legs, 8. Dispersing plate, 9. Roller, 10, furrowing plow, 11, frame, 12, fertilizer box, 13, seed box, 14, obstacle detection sensor, 15, alarm, 16, chain.

detailed description

The present invention is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

Please refer to Fig. 1-Fig. 3, a kind of synchronous fertilization and seeding machine, including seed fertilizer box 1, fertilizer discharge pipe 2, seeding pipe 3, bottom plate 4, double columbine legs 7 and furrow plow 10; Seed fertilizer box 1 is set On the upper surface of the base plate 4, a partition is arranged in the fertilizer box 1, and the seed fertilizer box 1 is separated into a fertilizer box 12 and a seed box 13; There is a row of double columbine legs 7; the bottom of the seed fertilizer box 1 is provided with a number of fertilizer dischargers and seed metering devices, which are arranged on the same transmission shaft and interlaced with each other; a double columbine leg 7. Connect to a fertilizer discharger and a seed metering device respectively through a fertilizer discharge pipe 2 and a seed discharge pipe 3; the seed metering device communicates with the seed box 13, and the fertilizer discharger connects with the fertilizer box 12; one end of the lower surface of the bottom plate 4 A row of furrow plows 10 is provided.

The bottom plate 4 is equipped with a roller 9 on one end edge of the furrowing plow 10, and the roller 9 is connected with the transmission shaft of the fertilizer discharger and the seed metering device through a chain 16.

The bottom surface of the base plate 4 is far away from the end of the furrow plow 10 and is provided with a soil covering plate 5; a row of ridge soil wheels 6 is arranged on the bottom surface of the base plate 4 between the soil cover plate 5 and the double columbia legs 7; One to one correspondence.

Dispersion plate 8 is arranged on the lower surface of base plate 4 between double columbine legs 7 and ditching plow 10; Dispersion plate 8 is vertically fixed on the lower surface of base plate 4 by telescopic rod.

A frame 11 is arranged on the upper surface of the base plate 4 provided with one end of the furrowing plow 10 .

The double columbine leg 7 is provided with obstacle detection sensor 14, and base plate 4 is provided with alarm 15, and alarm 15 is connected with obstacle detection sensor 14.

Both sides of the upper surface of the base plate 4 are vertically provided with box body support plates, and the seed fertilizer box 1 is arranged on the top of the box body support plate; the two ends of the transmission shaft are arranged on the box body support plate.

An obstacle detection sensor 14 is installed in columba leg rear, when not having seed to report to the police, pilot lamp lights up, allows the people standing on the planter to know machine failure, real-time monitoring machine operation situation.

The present invention is equipped with ridge soil wheel 6 on the back beam, and each ditch is provided with a ridge soil wheel 6, gathers the soil scattered on both sides of the ditch, and the rear of the back beam is also equipped with a soil cover plate 5 to spread out the ridged soil. , To achieve the purpose of leveling the field, the soil obtained in this way is relatively loose, and can also effectively prevent the loss of soil moisture, so it is used to replace the compaction wheel.

The dispersing plate 8 adjusts the height of the dispersing plate according to the distance between the land and the dispersing plate. Its function is to disperse the stalks and weeds shoveled out by the ditch plow to both sides of the planter, so as to prevent the stalks and weeds from hindering the sowing.

Working principle of the present invention:

1) The staff hangs the frame 11 on the tractor, and loads fertilizer and seeds respectively in the fertilizer box 12 and the seed box 13;

2) Start the tractor to drive the synchronous fertilization and seed metering machine to move, the rotation of the roller 9 drives the transmission shaft to rotate, and the fertilizer discharger and seed metering device on the rotating shaft start to work, so that the fertilizer and seeds pass through the fertilizer discharge pipe 2 and the seed discharge pipe 3 respectively Arrange to Shuanggui leg 7;

3) Adjust the height of the dispersing plate 8 at the same time, the furrowing plow 10 opens a groove on the ground, and the dispersing plate 8 disperses the straw and weeds shoveled out by the furrowing plow 10 to both sides of the planter; Fertilizer and seed fall in the trench, and the ridge soil wheel 6 and the cover plate 5 gather and flatten the figures on both sides of the trench;

4) When the obstacle detection sensor 14 on the double columbine legs 7 does not detect that the seeds fall, the alarm is given to remind the staff to stop the operation.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of synchronous fertilization and seeding machine is characterized in that, comprises seed fertilizer box (1), fertilizer pipe (2), seeding pipe (3), base plate (4), double columbine legs (7) and ditching plow (10); the seed fertilizer box (1) is arranged on the upper surface of the base plate (4), and a partition is arranged in the fertilizer box (1), which separates the seed fertilizer box (1) into a fertilizer box (12) and a seed box (13 ); double columbine legs (7) are two columbine legs welded side by side, and the middle part of the lower surface of the base plate (4) is provided with a row of double columbine legs (7); the bottom of the seed fertilizer box (1) is provided with some fertilizer dischargers The seed metering device, the fertilizer device and the seed metering device are set on the same transmission shaft, and are arranged in a staggered manner; a double columbine leg (7) passes through a fertilizer discharge pipe (2) and a seed discharge pipe (3) respectively Be connected to a fertilizer discharger and a seed meter; The seed meter is communicated with the seed box (13), and the fertilizer discharger is connected with the fertilizer box (12); One end of the lower surface of the base plate (4) is provided with a row of furrow plows (10 ). 2. A kind of synchronous fertilization and seeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, the edge of one end of the base plate (4) equipped with a furrowing plow (10) is provided with a roller (9), and the roller (9) is connected to the installation row Connect by chain (16) between the power transmission shaft of fertilizer device and seed metering device. 3. a kind of synchronous fertilization and seed metering machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the bottom surface of base plate (4) is far away from an end of furrow plow (10) and is provided with soil-covering board (5); soil-covering board (5) and A row of ridge soil wheels (6) is arranged on the bottom surface of the bottom plate (4) between the double columba legs (7); the ridge soil wheels (6) correspond to the double columbia legs (7) one by one. 4. a kind of synchronous fertilization and seeding machine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the base plate (4) lower surface between double columbine legs (7) and ditching plow (10) is provided with dispersion plate (8 ); the dispersion plate (8) is vertically fixed on the lower surface of the base plate (4) by a telescopic rod. 5. A synchronous fertilization and seed metering machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a frame (11) is provided on the upper surface of the bottom plate (4) provided with one end of the furrowing plow (10). 6. A kind of synchronous fertilizing and seeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, the double columbine legs (7) are provided with obstacle detection sensors (14), and the base plate (4) is provided with alarms (15) , alarm (15) is connected with obstacle detection sensor (14). 7. A kind of synchronous fertilization and seeding machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, the upper surface both sides of the bottom plate (4) are vertically provided with box support plates, and the seed fertilizer box (1) is arranged on the box support plates The top; the two ends of the transmission shaft are arranged on the box support plate. 8. A kind of operation method based on synchronous fertilization and seed-discharging machine, it is characterized in that, described synchronous fertilization and seed-discharging machine comprises seed fertilizer box (1), fertilizer discharge pipe (2), seed discharge pipe (3), base plate ( 4), double columbine legs (7) and furrowing plow (10); the seed fertilizer box (1) is arranged on the upper surface of the base plate (4), and a partition is arranged in the fertilizer box (1), and the seed fertilizer box (1) Divided into a fertilizer box (12) and a seed box (13); the double columbine legs (7) are welded side by side for two columbine legs, and the middle part of the lower surface of the base plate (4) is provided with a row of double columbine legs (7); The bottom of the box (1) is provided with a number of fertilizer dischargers and seed metering devices, which are arranged on the same transmission shaft, and are arranged alternately at intervals; a double columbine leg (7) passes through a fertilizer discharge pipe (2) and a seed pipe (3) are respectively connected to a fertilizer device and a seed device; the seed device is communicated with the seed box (13), and the fertilizer device is connected with the fertilizer box (12); the bottom plate (4) One end of the lower surface is provided with a row of furrowing plows (10); The bottom plate (4) is equipped with a roller (9) on the edge of one end of the furrowing plow (10), and the roller (9) is connected to the drive shaft on which the fertilizer discharger and the seed metering device are installed through a chain transmission; A soil-covering board (5) is arranged on the lower surface of the bottom plate (4) away from the furrow plow (10); a row of ridges is arranged on the lower surface of the bottom board (4) between the soil-covering board (5) and the double columbine legs (7) Wheel (6); Ridge soil wheel (6) corresponds one-to-one with double columba legs (7); A dispersing plate (8) is arranged on the lower surface of the base plate (4) between the double columbine legs (7) and the ditching plow (10); the dispersing plate (8) is vertically fixed on the lower surface of the base plate (4) through a telescopic rod; A frame (11) is arranged on the upper surface of the bottom plate (4) provided with one end of the furrowing plow (10); An obstacle detection sensor (14) is arranged on the double columbine legs (7), and an alarm (15) is arranged on the base plate (4), and the alarm (15) is connected with the obstacle detection sensor (14); The operation method based on the synchronous fertilization seed metering machine comprises the following steps: 1) The staff hangs the frame (11) on the tractor, and loads fertilizer and seeds in the fertilizer box (12) and the seed box (13) respectively; 2) Start the tractor, drive the synchronous fertilization and seed metering machine to move, the roller (9) rotates to drive the transmission shaft to rotate, and the fertilizer discharger and seed metering device on the rotating shaft start to work, so that the fertilizer and seeds pass through the fertilizer discharge pipe (2) and Seed-discharging pipe (3) is discharged to double columba leg (7); 3) Adjust the height of the dispersing plate (8) at the same time, the furrowing plow (10) makes grooves on the ground, and the dispersing plate (8) disperses the straw and weeds shoveled out by the furrowing plow (10) to both sides of the planter The fertilizer and the seed that come out from double columbine legs (7) fall in the ditch, and the ridge soil wheel (6) and the cover plate (5) gather and flatten the figures on both sides of the ditch; 4) When the obstacle detection sensors (14) on the double columbine legs (7) do not detect the seeds and report to the police when falling, the staff is reminded to stop the operation.