CN107653038A - 一种热镦油及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种热镦油及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107653038A
CN107653038A CN201710891049.4A CN201710891049A CN107653038A CN 107653038 A CN107653038 A CN 107653038A CN 201710891049 A CN201710891049 A CN 201710891049A CN 107653038 A CN107653038 A CN 107653038A
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parts
hot upsetting
oil
antioxidant
upsetting oil
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周玉成
王文定
卢文卫
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Precious Extraordinary Finish Of Shenzhen's Audiocodes Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种热镦油，按重量份数计，其包含以下组分：植物油合成酯：20‑30份、聚a烯烃：30‑55份、极压剂：10‑15份、润滑剂：10‑15份、抗氧化剂：1‑2份、清净分散剂：5‑15份。所述热镦油的制备步骤包括：1)将植物油合成酯以及聚a烯烃混合并搅拌均匀；2)加入极压剂，搅拌混合均匀；3)加入润滑剂，搅拌混合均匀；4)加入清净分散剂以及抗氧化剂，搅拌混合均匀即得所述热镦油。本发明的热镦油，具有良好的流动性、极压性、润滑性以及冷却性，且环保性好、易清洗。

Description

一种热镦油及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种适用于不锈钢热镦工艺的热镦油。此外，本发明还涉及一种所述热镦油的制备方法，属于金属加工用油技术领域。
背景技术
冷镦是利用金属的塑性，采用冷态力学进行施压或冷拔，以达到金属固态变形的目的，是一种将原材料在常温下进行冲压的工艺，主要用于制造螺栓、螺母、铁钉、铆钉以及钢球等零件。与冷镦相比，热镦是将材料加热后进行压力加工使材料的形状达到设定要求，是一种将材料加热后放到一定形状的模具内锻压成行的方式，也叫热加工或红打，主要用于生产较大的螺栓。
冷镦与热墩工艺的主要区别在于：1)冷镦后的螺丝表面比较光滑漂亮，而热镦后的螺丝表面有氧化皮不好看；2)冷镦工艺的生产效率比热镦高；3)一般M24以上的螺丝冷镦制造较为困难，需要使用热镦工艺。
然而，对于不锈钢等高硬度、高强度、体积大的工件一般都是采用热镦工艺，而现有的热镦工艺用油的成分基本采用氯化石蜡和基础油的复配物，氯化石蜡价格便宜，高温活性强，具有阻燃作用，但其不环保且难以清洗，高温燃烧后对操作人员的身体健康伤害较大，且氯元素容易造成金属晶体的晶界腐蚀，导致其在很多领域受限。因此，亟需开发一种既能满足不锈钢热镦工艺要求，又不含氯化石蜡，且加工后金属表面不结焦、积碳，并对人体和环境无危害且易于清洗的不锈钢热镦油。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的不足，提供一种极压性好、环保性高且易清洗的热镦油。本发明的另一目的在于提供一种所述热镦油的制备方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种热镦油，按重量份数计，其包含以下组分：植物油合成酯：20-30份、聚a烯烃：30-55份、极压剂：10-15份、润滑剂：10-15份、抗氧化剂：1-2份、清净分散剂：5-15份。
优选的是：按重量份数计，其包含以下组分：植物油合成酯：30份、聚a烯烃：43份、极压剂：10份、润滑剂：10份、抗氧化剂：2份、清净分散剂：5份。
优选的是：所述植物油合成酯为蓖麻油酸酯、季戊四醇油酸酯以及三油酸甘油酯中的至少一种。
优选的是：所述极压剂为硫化烯烃、硫化猪油、硫化菜籽油以及硫代氨基甲酸钼中的至少一种。
优选的是：所述润滑剂为双油醇亚磷酸酯、三月桂醇磷酸酯以及三油醇磷酸酯中的至少一种。
优选的是：所述抗氧化剂为2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、抗氧剂T508、辛基丁基二苯胺以及3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯丙酸异辛酯中的至少一种。
优选的是：所述清净分散剂为高碱值磺酸钙、水杨酸钙以及丁二酰亚胺中的至少一种。
本发明的再一目的，在于提供一种上所述的热镦油的制备方法，其包括以下制备步骤：
1)将植物油合成酯以及聚a烯烃混合并搅拌均匀；
2)加入极压剂，搅拌混合均匀；
3)加入润滑剂，搅拌混合均匀；
4)加入清净分散剂以及抗氧化剂，搅拌混合均匀即得所述热镦油。
本发明的有益效果在于，本发明的热镦油，制备工艺简单，且制得的热镦油，环保性好，并具有良好的流动性、极压性、润滑性以及冷却性，且易清洗。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明的具体实施方式做进一步说明。若无特别说明，本发明所采用的各原料均可通过市场购买得到。
本发明所述的热镦油，按重量份数计，其包含以下组分：20-30份植物油合成酯、30-55份聚a烯烃(PAO)、10-15份极压剂、10-15份润滑剂、1-2份抗氧化剂以及5-15份清净分散剂。
其中，所述植物油合成酯为蓖麻油酸酯、季戊四醇油酸酯以及三油酸甘油酯中的至少一种，其可提高热镦油的润滑性；
所述极压剂为硫化烯烃、硫化猪油、硫化菜籽油以及硫代氨基甲酸钼中的至少一种，其可提高热镦油的极压抗磨性，其中，在本发明中，所述硫化烯烃可采用莱茵化学的RC2540；
所述润滑剂为双油醇亚磷酸酯、三月桂醇磷酸酯以及三油醇磷酸酯中的至少一种；
所述抗氧化剂为2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、酚酯型抗氧剂(T508)、辛基丁基二苯胺以及3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯丙酸异辛酯(抗氧化剂1135)中的至少一种，其可提高热镦油的抗氧化性，延长热镦油的使用寿命；
所述清净分散剂为高碱值磺酸钙、水杨酸钙以及丁二酰亚胺中的至少一种，其可防止油品结焦中和酸性物质，且可提高热镦油的清洗性，并具有防锈作用。
本发明还提供了一种如上所述的热镦油的制备方法，其制备步骤包括：
1)将植物油合成酯以及聚a烯烃按上述重量份数于室温下以40-60r/min的转速混合并搅拌均匀；
2)加入上述重量份数的极压剂，并于室温下以40-60r/min的转速搅拌混合均匀；
3)加入上述重量份数的润滑剂，并于室温下以40-60r/min的转速搅拌混合均匀；
4)加入上述重量份数的清净分散剂以及抗氧化剂，并于室温下以40-60r/min的转速搅拌混合均匀即得所述热镦油。
本发明通过上述组分以及制备方法制得的热镦油，其40℃的运动粘度为100±10mm2/s，密度为0.90-0.92g/cm3，具有良好的流动性和冷却性。
实施例1
一种热镦油，按重量份数计，其包含以下组分：蓖麻油酸酯30份、PAO：43份、硫化菜籽油10份、三油醇亚磷酸酯10份、抗氧化剂T508：2份、水杨酸钙5份。所述热镦油的制备步骤包括：1)将蓖麻油酸酯以及聚a烯烃按上述重量份数于室温下以50r/min的转速混合搅拌均匀；2)加入上述重量份数的硫化菜籽油，并于室温下以50r/min的转速搅拌混合均匀；3)加入上述重量份数的双油醇亚磷酸酯，并于室温下以40r/min的转速搅拌混合均匀；4)加入上述重量份数的水杨酸钙以及抗氧化剂T508，并于室温下以45r/min的转速搅拌混合均匀即得所述热镦油。
实施例2
一种热镦油，按重量份数计，其包含以下组分：三油酸甘油酯20份、PAO：55份、硫化猪油5份、硫代氨基甲酸钼8份、三月桂醇磷酸酯12份、2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚1份、丁二酰亚胺12份；所述热镦油的制备过程同实施例1。
实施例3
一种热镦油，按重量份数计，其包含以下组分：季戊四醇油酸酯10份、三油酸甘油酯15份、PAO：30份、RC2540：15份、双油醇亚磷酸酯5份、三油醇磷酸酯10份、高碱值磺酸钙15份；所述热镦油的制备过程同实施例1。
实施例4
一种热镦油，按重量份数计，其包含以下组分：蓖麻油酸酯3份、季戊四醇油酸酯5份、三油酸甘油酯18份、PAO：40份、硫化菜籽油12份、双油醇亚磷酸酯8份、三油醇磷酸酯6份、辛基丁基二苯胺1.5份、丁二酰亚胺8份；所述热镦油的制备过程同实施例1。
实施例5
一种热镦油，按重量份数计，其包含以下组分：季戊四醇油酸酯22份、PAO：35份、硫化猪油13份、三油醇磷酸酯14份、抗氧化剂1135：2份、水杨酸钙15份；所述热镦油的制备过程同实施例1。
对上述各实施例中所制得的热镦油进行性能检测，其结果如表1所示，其中，所述运动粘度按照GB/T265-1988测量，闪点和凝点按照GB/T3536-2008检测，PB和Pd按照GB/T3142-1982检测，所述乳化率按照SH/T0365-1992计算，所述密度按照GB/T1884-2000测量。
表1检测结果
通过表1的检测结果可知，本发明制得的热镦油具有良好的流动性、极压性、润滑性以及防锈性能。
本发明所描述的具体实施例只用于对本发明所述的热镦油的具体实现过程的详细描述，而不是对其实现过程的限定。任何对此方法进行的修饰与改良，在专利范围或范畴内同类或相近物质的替代与使用，均属于本发明专利保护范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种热镦油，其特征在于：按重量份数计，其包含以下组分：植物油合成酯：20-30份、聚a烯烃：30-55份、极压剂：10-15份、润滑剂：10-15份、抗氧化剂：1-2份、清净分散剂：5-15份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的热镦油，其特征在于：按重量份数计，其包含以下组分：植物油合成酯：30份、聚a烯烃：43份、极压剂：10份、润滑剂：10份、抗氧化剂：2份、清净分散剂：5份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的热镦油，其特征在于：所述植物油合成酯为蓖麻油酸酯、季戊四醇油酸酯以及三油酸甘油酯中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的热镦油，其特征在于：所述极压剂为硫化烯烃、硫化猪油、硫化菜籽油以及硫代氨基甲酸钼中的至少一种。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的热镦油，其特征在于：所述润滑剂为双油醇亚磷酸酯、三月桂醇磷酸酯以及三油醇磷酸酯中的至少一种。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的热镦油，其特征在于：所述抗氧化剂为2,6-二叔丁基对甲酚、抗氧剂T508、辛基丁基二苯胺以及3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯丙酸异辛酯中的至少一种。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的热镦油，其特征在于：所述清净分散剂为高碱值磺酸钙、水杨酸钙以及丁二酰亚胺中的至少一种。
8.如权利要求1或2所述的热镦油的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下制备步骤：
1)将植物油合成酯以及聚a烯烃混合并搅拌均匀；
2)加入极压剂，搅拌混合均匀；
3)加入润滑剂，搅拌混合均匀；
4)加入清净分散剂以及抗氧化剂，搅拌混合均匀即得所述热镦油。
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