CN107646271A - A kind of method of crops water and fertilizer management - Google Patents
A kind of method of crops water and fertilizer management Download PDFInfo
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- CN107646271A CN107646271A CN201710879738.3A CN201710879738A CN107646271A CN 107646271 A CN107646271 A CN 107646271A CN 201710879738 A CN201710879738 A CN 201710879738A CN 107646271 A CN107646271 A CN 107646271A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for the crops water and fertilizer management for being reduced synergy, belong to agricultural year technical field of cultivation.This method comprises the following steps：(1) seed of crops is soaked with plant growth regulator GGR, then planted；The crops include winter wheat and/or summer corn；(2) seed of the crops is sowed and carries out following 1) or 2) processing so that the crop growthing development, growth harvest；1) when the crops are winter wheat, after planting nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer progress base is applied, then irrigated in jointing stage breeding time, the florescence of the crops；2) when the crops are lower corn, after planting nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer progress base are applied.The present invention improves the utilization ratio of liquid manure, can economize on resources, reduce input, improves output and environmental protection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for the crops water and fertilizer management for being reduced synergy, belong to agricultural year cultivation technique neck
Domain.
Background technology
Winter wheat-summer is the main cereal crops in China, occupies the 3rd respectively in national crop acreage
With the 1st.North China Plain area is China winter wheat-summer main producing region, is had in terms of national food security is ensured important
Strategic position.Fertilising and irrigation are the important measures of crop yield.Research shows China's winter wheat field of North China Plain-summer corn wheel
It is generally higher to make area's peasant habit amount of nitrogen, average out to 523kg/hm2, some areas are even more than 600kg/hm2.It is excessive to apply
Nitrogenous fertilizer, cause nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium out of proportion, trigger soil nitrogen surplus increase, utilization rate of fertilizer be low, Fertilizer resources waste it is serious,
A series of actual production problems such as economic benefit reduction.
China's nitrogen in farmland soil is totally in surplus state, and sustainable growth situation is presented.Under dry farming, surplus
Nitrogen is most of with NO3 -- N forms are present in soil, and NO in soil can be caused by excessively applying nitrogen and irrigating3 -- N is below root layer
It is a large amount of to accumulate and move down year by year.NO3 -- N excessive buildups can threaten underground water security, influence human health and social economy's hair
Exhibition.
China's shortage of water resources, spatial and temporal distributions are uneven, agricultural water resources shortage up to 80%.Water resources in Hebei Province is deficient
Especially serious, winter wheat-summer time of infertility irrigation quantity respectively reaches 3000m3/hm2And 1200m3/hm2, but water utilization
Efficiency is low, wastes seriously, more exacerbates shortage of water resources.Because water, fertilizer supply are uncoordinated, not only production cost is caused to increase,
Increasing peasant income are influenceed, can also cause environmental pollution, limit agricultural sustainable development.Therefore, water and fertilizer use efficiency, protection are improved
Ecological environment, it is the subject matter that current China's agricultural sustainable development faces.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method of crops water and fertilizer management, the present invention improves utilizing for liquid manure and imitated
Rate, it can economize on resources, reduce input, improve output and environmental protection.
A kind of method of crops water and fertilizer management for being reduced synergy provided by the invention, comprises the following steps：
(1) seed of crops is soaked with plant growth regulator GGR, then planted；It is small that the crops include the winter
Wheat and/or summer corn etc.；
(2) seed of the crops is sowed and carries out following 1) or 2) processing so that the crop growth send out
Educate, harvest of growing up；
1) when the crops are winter wheat, after planting nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer progress base are applied, then in the agriculture
Jointing stage breeding time, the florescence of crop are irrigated；
2) when the crops are summer corn, after planting nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer progress base are applied.
In the present invention, soil structure conditioner and the plant growth regulator GGR is commercial goods；
The calcium superphosphate is converted into P after applying2O5, the potassium chloride and/or potassium sulfate convert K after applying2O。
Also include applying soil conditioner into the soil for planting the crops in above-mentioned method, in step (1)
Step.
In above-mentioned method, step (2) -1) in, the amount of the nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer that base is applied respectively can
The amount for the nitrogenous fertilizer applied for 4~15Kg/ mus, 5~10Kg/ mus and 5~10Kg/ mus, base concretely 4,5.12,8,12.5 or
4~12.5Kg/ mus, the amount of the phosphate fertilizer that base is applied concretely 5.5,7,8 or 5.5~8Kg/ mus, the potash fertilizer that base is applied
Amount concretely 6,7,8 or 6~8Kg/ mus；
Step (2) -2) in, the amount of the nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer that base is applied can be respectively 2~20Kg/ mus,
5~10Kg/ mus and 5~8Kg/ mus, the amount of the nitrogenous fertilizer that base is applied concretely 2,4,10,15,20 or 2~20Kg/ mus, base apply
The phosphate fertilizer amount concretely 5,8,10 or 5~10Kg/ mus, the amount of the potash fertilizer that base is applied concretely 5,6,8 or 5~
8Kg/ mus.
In above-mentioned method, the irrigation quantity for carrying out the irrigation can be 50~70m3/ mu.
In above-mentioned method, the amount of application of the soil conditioner can be 200mg~2Kg/ mus, concretely 2Kg/ mus.
In above-mentioned method, step (2) -1) in, the jointing stage for being additionally included in the winter wheat imposes the step of the nitrogenous fertilizer
Suddenly；
The amount that the nitrogenous fertilizer is imposed in the jointing stage can be 4~8Kg/ mus, concretely 4,5.12,6 or 4~6Kg/ mus.
In above-mentioned method, step (2) -1) in, the heading stage for being additionally included in the winter wheat imposes the step of the nitrogenous fertilizer
Suddenly；
The amount that the nitrogenous fertilizer is imposed at heading stage can be 2~5kg/ mus, concretely 2,2.56,3 or 2~3Kg/ mus.
In above-mentioned method, step (2) -2) in, the typhon mouth phase for being additionally included in the corn imposes the nitrogenous fertilizer
Step；
The amount that the nitrogenous fertilizer is imposed in the typhon mouth phase can be 5~15kg/ mus, concretely 6,12 or 6~12Kg/ mus.
In above-mentioned method, step (2) -2) in, the step of being additionally included in pustulation period of the corn and impose the nitrogenous fertilizer；
The amount for imposing the nitrogenous fertilizer in the watery stage can be 2~5Kg/ mus, concretely 3,4 or 3~4Kg/ mus.
In above-mentioned method, the nitrogenous fertilizer includes common urea and/or slow-release carbamide, and the phosphate fertilizer includes calcium superphosphate,
The potash fertilizer includes potassium chloride and/or potassium sulfate.
The present invention has advantages below：
1st, by water-fertilizer conditioning, the liquid manure utilization ratio of winter wheat and summer corn is improved, is realized and is economized on resources, reduces throwing
Enter, improve multiple targets such as output, stable yields and environmental protection.
2nd, the present invention can reach the mesh of water saving and section nitrogen by regulating and controlling to promote crop root growth and nutrient uptake and utilization
Mark, and then stable yields.
3rd, the present invention can also improve the function that soil environment promotes plant growth, and soil knot is applied on the basis of water saving saves nitrogen
Structure conditioner, soil physical property can be improved, to reach the target for improving crop yield.
4th, present invention application is easy and effective；Compared with prior art, present invention saving nitrogen fertilizer amount 20%, water saving 30%,
Winter wheat-summer yield, increase economic benefit can be improved, while reduces the unreasonable administration of chemical fertilizer to unfavorable caused by environment
Influence, promote increases in grain production andrural incomes.
Embodiment
Experimental method used in following embodiments is conventional method unless otherwise specified.
Material used, reagent etc., unless otherwise specified, are commercially obtained in following embodiments.
In following embodiments, winter wheat variety is Jimai 22, and corn variety is Zheng Dan 958.
Embodiment 1,
The seed of winter wheat and summer corn is soaked with plant growth regulator GGR respectively, then planted.Winter wheat applies N
(being provided by common urea) 10Kg/ mus, P2O5(being provided by calcium superphosphate) 7Kg/ mus, K2O (is provided) 8Kg/ mus by potassium chloride；Nitrogen
Fertile base applies 40%, and the jointing stage imposes 40%, and heading stage imposes 20%；The irrigation quantity of whole breeding time is 70m3/ mu.Summer corn is applied
N 20kg/ mus (being provided by leaded wastewater for 43% slow-release carbamide), P2O5(being provided by calcium superphosphate) 8Kg/ mus, K2O is (by potassium chloride
There is provided) 6Kg/ mus；Nitrogenous fertilizer base applies 20%, and the typhon mouth phase imposes 60%, and the pustulation period imposes 20%.The phosphorus of winter wheat-summer
Fertilizer, potash fertilizer whole base are applied.Under the conditions of equal nitrogen input, compared with conventional fertilizer application or peasant habit measures of fertilizer, fertilizer is thrown
Enter reduction 20%, irrigation in winter wheat discharge reduction 30%；Winter wheat yields improve 6.93%, and yield of Summer Corn improves 5.21%；
Yuan/mu of cost-saving synergistic 337.63, reduce soil nitrogen surplus 47%.
Embodiment 2,
The seed of winter wheat and summer corn is soaked with plant growth regulator GGR respectively, then planted.Winter wheat applies N
(being provided by common urea) 15Kg/ mus, P2O5(being provided by calcium superphosphate) 8Kg/ mus, K2O 6Kg/ mus, soil structure conditioner
2Kg/ mus；Nitrogenous fertilizer base applies 40%, and the jointing stage imposes 60%；During Growing Period of Winter Wheat irrigation quantity is 60-70m3/ mu.Summer corn applies N
(being provided by common urea) 15Kg/ mus, P2O5(being provided by calcium superphosphate) 8Kg/ mus, K2O (is provided) 6Kg/ mus by potassium chloride, soil
Earth Structured Conditioning Agents 2Kg/ mus；Nitrogenous fertilizer base applies 20%, and the typhon mouth phase imposes 80%.Phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer of winter wheat-summer
Whole bases are applied.Under the conditions of equal nitrogen input, compared with conventional fertilizer application measure or peasant habit measures of fertilizer, fertilizers input subtracts
Few 25%, irrigation in winter wheat discharge reduction 35%；Winter wheat yields improve 9.97%, and yield of Summer Corn improves 6.69%；Abridged edition
Yuan/mu of synergy 359.83, reduce soil nitrogen surplus 52%.
Embodiment 3,
The seed of winter wheat and corn is soaked with plant growth regulator GGR respectively, then planted.Winter wheat apply N (by
Leaded wastewater provides for 43% slow-release carbamide) 12.5Kg/ mus, P2O5(being provided by calcium superphosphate) 7Kg/ mus, K2O (is carried by potassium sulfate
For) 8Kg/ mus；Summer corn applies N and (provides) 20Kg/ mus, P for 43% slow-release carbamide by leaded wastewater2O5(being provided by calcium superphosphate)
5.5Kg/ mus, K2O (is provided) 7Kg/ mus by potassium sulfate.Nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer whole base of winter wheat-summer are applied.Same
Under the conditions of being put into Deng nitrogen, compared with conventional fertilizer application measure or peasant habit measures of fertilizer, fertilizers input reduces 20%, and all
Base-appling once, not top dressing, reduce cost of labor；Irrigation in winter wheat discharge reduction 30%；Winter wheat yields improve 10.94%,
Yield of Summer Corn improves 7.39%；Yuan/mu of cost-saving synergistic 454.62, reduce soil nitrogen surplus 42%.
Embodiment 4,
The seed of winter wheat and summer corn is soaked with plant growth regulator GGR respectively, then planted.Winter wheat applies N
(being provided by common urea) 12.8Kg/ mus, P2O5(being provided by calcium superphosphate) 7Kg/ mus, K2O (is provided) 8Kg/ mus by potassium sulfate；
Nitrogenous fertilizer base applies 40%, and the jointing stage imposes 40%, and heading stage imposes 20%；The irrigation quantity of whole breeding time is 70m3/ mu.Summer corn
Apply N and 20Kg/ mus, P (are provided) by common urea2O5(being provided by calcium superphosphate) 5.5Kg/ mus, K2O (is provided) 7Kg/ by potassium sulfate
Mu；Nitrogenous fertilizer base applies 20%, and the typhon mouth phase imposes 60%, and the pustulation period imposes 20%.Phosphate fertilizer, the potash fertilizer of winter wheat-summer are complete
Portion's base is applied.The GGR that winter wheat-summer seed is 30mg/Kg with concentration soaks seed.It is and normal under the conditions of equal nitrogen input
Rule measures of fertilizer or peasant habit measures of fertilizer are compared, and fertilizers input reduces 20%, and wheat duty reduces 30%；Winter wheat
Output increased 5.86%, yield of Summer Corn improve 8.26%；Yuan/mu of cost-saving synergistic 440.95, reduce soil nitrogen surplus 42%.
Can be seen that the present invention by use above embodiment can promote winter wheat-summer to grow, and make the winter small
Wheat-yield of Summer Corn increase, liquid manure input, increase economic benefit are saved, effectively reduces soil nitrogen surplus, has very much and pushes away
Wide application value.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of crops water and fertilizer management, comprises the following steps：
(1) seed of crops is soaked with plant growth regulator GGR, then planted；The crops include winter wheat and/
Or summer corn；
(2) seed of the crops is sowed and carries out following 1) or 2) processing so that the crop growthing development, into
Long harvest；
1) when the crops are winter wheat, after planting nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer progress base are applied, then in the crops
Jointing stage breeding time, florescence irrigated；
2) when the crops are summer corn, after planting nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer progress base are applied；
The nitrogenous fertilizer includes common urea and/or slow-release carbamide, and the phosphate fertilizer includes calcium superphosphate, and the potash fertilizer includes potassium chloride
And/or potassium sulfate.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also include to the soil for planting the crops in step (1)
The step of applying soil conditioner in earth.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Step (2) -1) in, it is the nitrogenous fertilizer that base is applied, described
The amount of phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer is respectively 4~15Kg/ mus, 5~10Kg/ mus and 5~10Kg/ mus；
Step (2) -2) in, the amount of the nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer that base is applied be respectively 2~20Kg/ mus, 5~
10Kg/ mus and 5~8Kg/ mus.
4. according to the method any one of claim 1-3, it is characterised in that：Carry out the irrigation quantity of the irrigation for 50~
70m3/ mu.
5. according to the method any one of claim 2-4, it is characterised in that：The amount of application of the soil conditioner is
200mg~2Kg/ mus.
6. according to the method any one of claim 1-5, it is characterised in that：Step (2) -1) in, it is additionally included in described
The step of jointing stage of winter wheat imposes the nitrogenous fertilizer；
The amount that the nitrogenous fertilizer is imposed in the jointing stage is 4~8Kg/ mus.
7. according to the method any one of claim 1-6, it is characterised in that：Step (2) -1) in, it is additionally included in described
The step of heading stage of winter wheat imposes the nitrogenous fertilizer；
The amount that the nitrogenous fertilizer is imposed at heading stage is 2~5kg/ mus.
8. according to the method any one of claim 1-7, it is characterised in that：Step (2) -2) in, it is additionally included in described
The step of typhon mouth phase of corn imposes the nitrogenous fertilizer；
The amount that the nitrogenous fertilizer is imposed in the typhon mouth phase is 5~15Kg/ mus.
9. according to the method any one of claim 1-8, it is characterised in that：Step (2) -2) in, it is additionally included in described
The step of pustulation period of corn imposes the nitrogenous fertilizer；
The amount for imposing the nitrogenous fertilizer in the watery stage is 2~5Kg/ mus.
10. according to the method any one of claim 1-9, it is characterised in that：The nitrogenous fertilizer include common urea and/or
Slow-release carbamide, the phosphate fertilizer include calcium superphosphate, and the potash fertilizer includes potassium chloride and/or potassium sulfate.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710879738.3A CN107646271A (en) | 2017-09-26 | 2017-09-26 | A kind of method of crops water and fertilizer management |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114303832A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-04-12 | 周口师范学院 | High-yield cultivation method for increasing planting density and reducing nitrogen fertilizer application of summer corns in moisture soil area |
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2017
- 2017-09-26 CN CN201710879738.3A patent/CN107646271A/en active Pending
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| CN101103730A (en) * | 2006-07-12 | 2008-01-16 | 马恩芳 | Yield increasing type plant growth regulator and its preparation |
| CN102918980A (en) * | 2012-11-11 | 2013-02-13 | 河南农业大学 | Method for applying base fertilizer and additional fertilizer by special slow controlled release urea for winter wheat and summer maize crop-rotation field |
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| CN114303832A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-04-12 | 周口师范学院 | High-yield cultivation method for increasing planting density and reducing nitrogen fertilizer application of summer corns in moisture soil area |
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| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Ma Maoting Inventor after: Jin Xiukuan Inventor after: Liu Jing Inventor after: Jiang Lingling Inventor after: An Zhizhuang Inventor after: Zhao Tongke Inventor before: Jin Xiukuan Inventor before: Ma Maoting Inventor before: Liu Jing Inventor before: Jiang Lingling Inventor before: An Zhizhuang Inventor before: Zhao Tongke |
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Application publication date: 20180202 |
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