CN107637493A - A kind of corn seed method for culturing seedlings - Google Patents
A kind of corn seed method for culturing seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN107637493A CN107637493A CN201710882104.3A CN201710882104A CN107637493A CN 107637493 A CN107637493 A CN 107637493A CN 201710882104 A CN201710882104 A CN 201710882104A CN 107637493 A CN107637493 A CN 107637493A
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- corn seeds
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- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 title claims description 80
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 35
- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical compound O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 241000124033 Salix Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229930191978 Gibberellin Natural products 0.000 claims description 16
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gibberellic acid GA3 Natural products OC(=O)C1C2(C3)CC(=C)C3(O)CCC2C2(C=CC3O)C1C3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003448 gibberellin Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 229930003316 Vitamin D Natural products 0.000 claims description 15
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N Vitamin D3 Natural products C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C/C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-XFEUOLMDSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000019166 vitamin D Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011710 vitamin D Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000003710 vitamin D derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 229940046008 vitamin d Drugs 0.000 claims description 15
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium selenite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Se]([O-])=O BVTBRVFYZUCAKH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- 229960001471 sodium selenite Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000015921 sodium selenite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011781 sodium selenite Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- PXMNMQRDXWABCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)pentan-3-ol Chemical compound C1=NC=NN1CC(O)(C(C)(C)C)CCC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 PXMNMQRDXWABCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthaleneacetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PRPINYUDVPFIRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005839 Tebuconazole Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XOAAWQZATWQOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N taurine Chemical compound NCCS(O)(=O)=O XOAAWQZATWQOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005906 Imidacloprid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- YWTYJOPNNQFBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidacloprid Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)\N=C1/NCCN1CC1=CC=C(Cl)N=C1 YWTYJOPNNQFBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940056881 imidacloprid Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004562 water dispersible granule Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- -1 0.2-0.4 mg/L of L Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 6
- UDPGUMQDCGORJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CCCl UDPGUMQDCGORJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 claims description 5
- IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-VRESXRICSA-N Brassinolide Natural products O=C1OC[C@@H]2[C@@H]3[C@@](C)([C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](C(C)C)C)C)CC3)CC[C@@H]2[C@]2(C)[C@@H]1C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C2 IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-VRESXRICSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005976 Ethephon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N L-aspartic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021380 Manganese Chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Manganese chloride Chemical compound Cl[Mn]Cl GLFNIEUTAYBVOC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- YJPIGAIKUZMOQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Melatonin Natural products COC1=CC=C2N(C(C)=O)C=C(CCN)C2=C1 YJPIGAIKUZMOQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims description 5
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000003434 Sesamum indicum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960005261 aspartic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-KNBKMWSGSA-N brassinolide Chemical compound C1OC(=O)[C@H]2C[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C[C@]2(C)[C@H]2CC[C@]3(C)[C@@H]([C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)C(C)C)CC[C@H]3[C@@H]21 IXVMHGVQKLDRKH-KNBKMWSGSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bis(dihydrogenphosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000001727 glucose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000002867 manganese chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011565 manganese chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940099607 manganese chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- DRLFMBDRBRZALE-UHFFFAOYSA-N melatonin Chemical compound COC1=CC=C2NC=C(CCNC(C)=O)C2=C1 DRLFMBDRBRZALE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960003987 melatonin Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019691 monocalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- AJTPODXVRWXEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;4-(1h-indol-2-yl)butanoate Chemical compound [K+].C1=CC=C2NC(CCCC(=O)[O-])=CC2=C1 AJTPODXVRWXEMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000015393 sodium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011684 sodium molybdate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium molybdate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960003080 taurine Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003674 animal food additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-OH-Asp Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-UWTATZPHSA-N L-Aspartic acid Natural products OC(=O)[C@H](N)CC(O)=O CKLJMWTZIZZHCS-UWTATZPHSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000000231 Sesamum indicum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241000209149 Zea Species 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000207961 Sesamum Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000003704 aspartic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-carboxyaspartic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)C(C(O)=O)C(O)=O OQFSQFPPLPISGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole-3-acetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CNC2=C1 SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-IGMARMGPSA-N Zinc-65 Chemical group [65Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000024245 cell differentiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032823 cell division Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002595 cold damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000002257 embryonic structure Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003617 indole-3-acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940091258 selenium supplement Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
Landscapes
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of corn seed method for culturing seedlings, it is related to corn planting technical field, comprises the following steps：(1), choose seeds and pre-process；(2), soak seed；(3), Cotton seeds；(4), seeding and seedling raising；(5), daily management.The present invention can effectively improve the germination percentage of seed and the survival rate of seedling, and obtained seedlings root is flourishing, disease resistance ability is strong.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of corn planting, in particular to a corn seed seedling raising method.
Background
With the continuous improvement of the living standard of people, the demand of corn is increased day by day, new technology related to corn is continuously appeared, a stable corn variety which is suitable for the condition cultivation of domestic protected areas is cultivated, the survival rate of the existing corn seeds cultivated is low, the disease resistance is low, and the yield is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a corn seed seedling raising method, which can effectively improve the germination rate of seeds and the survival rate of seedlings, and the obtained seedlings have developed root systems and strong disease resistance.
The invention provides the following technical scheme: a seedling raising method for corn seeds comprises the following steps:
(1) seed selection and pretreatment
Selecting full corn seeds with consistent size and no injury;
soaking corn seeds in clear water for 7-10 h 5-7 days before sowing, taking out, soaking in a sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.2-0.6% for 30-50 s, washing with clear water for 2-3 times after taking out, airing the seeds in a ventilated place for 2-4 h, and performing microwave drying treatment at 72-74 ℃ for 2-3 min to obtain pretreated seeds for later use;
(2) soaking seeds
Putting the corn seeds pretreated in the step (1) into a seed soaking liquid, soaking at normal temperature for 1-2 h, and then taking out and drying until the water content is lower than 8%;
the seed soaking liquid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 120-130 mg/L of willow bark concentrated solution, 10-15 mg/L of gibberellin, 10-15 mg/L of chitosan, 5-10 mg/L of ethephon, 5-10 mg/L of vitamin C, 5-10 mg/L of 0.1-0.2% of potassium nitrate, 1-3 mg/L of potassium indolebutyrate, 1-3 mg/L of carbendazim, 1-3 mg/L of taurine, 0.6-0.8 mg/L of vitamin D, 0.4-0.6 mg/L of melatonin, 0.4-0.6 mg/L of ferrous sulfate, 0.2-0.4 mg/L of L, L-aspartic acid and the balance of water, and the raw materials are uniformly mixed and dispersed and fully and stirred to obtain the compound feed additive;
(3) coating treatment
Sterilizing the soaked corn seeds in the step (2), then putting the corn seeds into a coating machine, coating the seeds with a coating agent, forming a uniform film on the outer layer of the corn seeds by the coating agent, and preparing for sowing after the film is solidified;
(4) seeding and seedling raising
Preparing a seedbed: selecting an idle plot which is windproof, sunny and convenient to drain and irrigate as a seedbed, paving a seedling culture medium with the thickness of 10-15 cm on the seedbed, and building a seedling culture shed;
sowing: sowing the corn seeds subjected to coating treatment into a seedling culture substrate, wherein the plant spacing is 30-35 cm, and watering thoroughly after sowing;
(5) daily management of
Watering at a proper time, keeping the water content of the seedling culture substrate to be 45-55%, and spraying a nutrient solution every 2-3 days;
controlling the temperature in the seedling raising shed to be 15-19 ℃ at night, controlling the temperature in the daytime to be 27-30 ℃, and keeping the light shading degree to be 55-65%; and when the root length of more than 80% of the seedlings reaches 3cm, opening the seedling raising shed, ventilating and hardening the seedlings for 1-2 days, keeping the shading degree at 20-30%, obtaining the corn seedlings, and preparing for transplanting.
Wherein, the preparation method of the willow bark concentrated solution in the step (2) comprises the following steps: selecting well-growing, insect-free and mildew-free willow barks, crushing, sieving by a 100-120-mesh sieve, performing reflux extraction for 3-4 times by using 12-15 times of clear water by weight, combining extracting solutions, and performing reduced pressure evaporation by using a rotary evaporator to obtain the willow bark concentrated solution.
Wherein, the coating agent in the step (3) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granules, 15-20 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide, 10-15 parts of gum arabic, 10-15 parts of magnesium sulfate, 8-10 parts of zinc sulfate, 8-10 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 8-10 parts of brassinolide, 4-6 parts of plant ash, 4-6 parts of reinforcing agent, 1-3 parts of nano selenium powder, 1-3 parts of sodium selenite, 1-3 parts of zinc sulfate and 55-65 parts of water, and the raw materials are uniformly mixed to obtain the coating agent.
Wherein the reinforcing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.8-1.2 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 0.8-1.2 parts of cyclodextrin, 0.6-0.8 part of gibberellin, 0.6-0.8 part of naphthylacetic acid, 0.4-0.6 part of tebuconazole, 0.4-0.6 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.4-0.6 part of glucose, 0.8-1.2 parts of vitamin D and 0.8-1.2 parts of amino-oligosaccharin.
The preparation method of the reinforcing agent comprises the following steps: weighing cyclodextrin, dissolving the cyclodextrin in water to prepare a cyclodextrin solution with the mass concentration of 10-12%, sequentially adding gibberellin, naphthylacetic acid, tebuconazole, bacillus subtilis, glucose, vitamin D and amino-oligosaccharin into the cyclodextrin solution, stirring and dispersing at the rotating speed of 500-600 r/min for 20-40 min, filtering and drying to obtain a cyclodextrin coating; weighing sodium polyacrylate, dissolving in water to prepare a sodium polyacrylate solution with the mass concentration of 15-20%, spraying the solution on the surface of the cyclodextrin coating, and drying to obtain the reinforcing agent.
Wherein the sterilization treatment in the step (3) comprises the following steps: placing the soaked corn seeds under an infrared lamp, controlling the power to be 200-350W, and irradiating for 10-20 min.
Wherein the seedling raising substrate in the step (4) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-65 parts of diatomite, 45-55 parts of expanded perlite, 24-26 parts of pine needle powder, 24-26 parts of mushroom residue, 14-16 parts of corn straw, 14-16 parts of ABT rooting powder, 14-16 parts of white sand mud, 9-11 parts of plant ash, 9-11 parts of vinasse, 9-11 parts of bagasse, 5-7 parts of crab shell, 5-7 parts of humus, 4-6 parts of molasses fermentation liquor, 4-6 parts of sesame, 4-6 parts of sawdust and 45-55 parts of water.
Wherein the nutrient solution in the step (5) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.006-0.008 g/L of zinc sulfate, 0.006-0.008 g/L, ABT g of calcium superphosphate, 0.004-0.006 g/L of rooting powder, 0.004-0.006 g/L of sodium selenite, 0.0006-0.0008 g/L of copper sulfate, 0.0006-0.0008 g/L of manganese chloride, 0.0004-0.0006 g/L of ferrous sulfate, 0.0004-0.0006 g/L of sodium molybdate, 0.0001-0.0003 g/L of boric acid, 0.0001-0.0003 g/L of potassium humate and the balance of water, and the raw materials are uniformly mixed to obtain the nutrient solution.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the germination rate of seeds and the survival rate of seedlings can be effectively improved, and the obtained seedlings have developed root systems and strong disease resistance, and are as follows:
(1) the invention pretreats the seeds before soaking, and the seeds can be softened by soaking in clear water and are easy to break buds; after pretreatment, microwave drying treatment is carried out for 2-3 min, and after seed soaking, infrared light is adopted for sterilization treatment, so that the sterilization effect is achieved, and the disease resistance and the survival rate of the corn seeds are improved;
(2) the invention soaks the corn seeds, enhances the disease resistance of the seeds and achieves higher germination rate; gibberellin, indoleacetic acid solution and willow bark concentrated solution are added into the seed soaking solution, so that the cell division and differentiation of the seeds can be realized, the development of seed embryos can be promoted, the germination time of the seeds can be shortened, the germination rate of the seeds can be improved, and the survival rate after germination can be ensured;
(3) according to the invention, the seeds are coated, and a coating agent is used for forming a uniform film on the outer layer of the corn seeds, so that the corn seed coating has the effects of cold resistance, water retention and seedling protection, and the germination rate of the corn seeds is improved; the adopted coating agent can improve the activity of soil enzyme, improve the ecological environment of soil, promote the seeds to germinate rapidly and neatly, promote the development of the root system of the corn seedling, strengthen the root system, improve the survival rate of the seedling, and has the functions of killing germs and preventing seed rot;
(4) according to the coating agent, dimethyl sulfoxide is added into the raw materials, so that the functions of permeation and synergism are achieved, and seeds can be protected from cold damage when the temperature suddenly drops in the early growth stage; the imidacloprid water dispersible granules are added into the raw materials, so that the imidacloprid water dispersible granules are low in toxicity to human and livestock, have the characteristic of systemic conduction, are absorbed by root systems of seedlings through coating treatment and are transported upwards, have long lasting period, can prevent and control pests at the seedling stage and stimulate the growth and development of the seedlings; nano selenium powder and sodium selenite are added into the raw materials for improving the content of organic selenium in the corn fruits;
(5) the seedling substrate prepared by the invention can not only provide nutrition required by the growth of the corn seedlings and promote rooting, but also improve the resistance of the corn seedlings to germs, play a role in bacteriostasis, keep the germ activity of seeds and enhance the self resistance of the seedlings.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. These examples are intended to illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A seedling raising method for corn seeds comprises the following steps:
(1) seed selection and pretreatment
Selecting full corn seeds with consistent size and no injury;
soaking corn seeds in clear water for 7h 5 days before sowing, taking out, soaking in 0.2% sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution for 30s, taking out, washing with clear water for 2 times, airing the seeds in a ventilated place for 2h, and performing microwave drying treatment at 72 ℃ for 2min to obtain pretreated seeds for later use;
(2) soaking seeds
Putting the corn seeds pretreated in the step (1) into a seed soaking solution, soaking for 1h at normal temperature, taking out and drying until the water content is lower than 8%;
the seed soaking liquid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 120mg/L of willow bark concentrated solution, 10mg/L of gibberellin, 10mg/L of chitosan, 5mg/L of ethephon, 5mg/L of vitamin C, 5mg/L of 0.1% potassium nitrate, 1mg/L of potassium indolebutyrate, 1mg/L of carbendazim, 1mg/L of taurine, 0.6mg/L of vitamin D, 0.4mg/L of melatonin, 0.4mg/L, L mg/L of ferrous sulfate-0.2 mg/L of aspartic acid and the balance of water, and the raw materials are uniformly mixed and dispersed and are fully and uniformly stirred to obtain the compound feed additive;
(3) coating treatment
Sterilizing the soaked corn seeds in the step (2), then putting the corn seeds into a coating machine, coating the seeds with a coating agent, forming a uniform film on the outer layer of the corn seeds by the coating agent, and preparing for sowing after the film is solidified;
(4) seeding and seedling raising
Preparing a seedbed: selecting a wind-sheltering and sunny idle land block which is convenient to drain and irrigate as a seedbed, paving a seedling culture medium with the thickness of 10cm on the seedbed, and building a seedling culture shed;
sowing: sowing the corn seeds subjected to coating treatment into a seedling culture substrate, wherein the plant spacing is 30cm, and watering thoroughly after sowing;
(5) daily management of
Watering at a proper time, keeping the water content of the seedling culture substrate at 45%, and spraying the nutrient solution every 2 days;
controlling the temperature at night in the seedling raising shed to be 15 ℃, controlling the temperature at day to be 27 ℃, and keeping the light shading degree to be 55%; when the root length of more than 80% of the seedlings reaches 3cm, opening the seedling raising shed, ventilating and hardening the seedlings for 1 day, keeping the shading degree at 20%, obtaining the corn seedlings, and preparing for transplanting.
Wherein,
the preparation method of the willow bark concentrated solution in the step (2) comprises the following steps: selecting well-growing, insect-free and mildew-free willow bark, crushing, sieving by a 100-mesh sieve, performing reflux extraction for 3 times by using 12 times of clear water by weight, combining extracting solutions, and performing reduced pressure evaporation by using a rotary evaporator to obtain the willow bark concentrated solution.
The coating agent in the step (3) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: the coating agent is prepared by uniformly mixing 15 parts of 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granules, 15 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide, 10 parts of gum arabic, 10 parts of magnesium sulfate, 8 parts of zinc sulfate, 8 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 8 parts of brassinolide, 4 parts of plant ash, 4 parts of reinforcing agent, 1 part of nano selenium powder, 1 part of sodium selenite, 1 part of zinc sulfate and 55 parts of water.
The reinforcing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.8 part of sodium polyacrylate, 0.8 part of cyclodextrin, 0.6 part of gibberellin, 0.6 part of naphthylacetic acid, 0.4 part of tebuconazole, 0.4 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.4 part of glucose, 0.8 part of vitamin D and 0.8 part of amino-oligosaccharin.
The preparation method of the reinforcing agent comprises the following steps: weighing cyclodextrin, dissolving the cyclodextrin in water to prepare a cyclodextrin solution with the mass concentration of 10%, sequentially adding gibberellin, naphthylacetic acid, tebuconazole, bacillus subtilis, glucose, vitamin D and amino-oligosaccharin into the cyclodextrin solution, stirring and dispersing at the rotating speed of 500r/min for 20min, filtering and drying to obtain a cyclodextrin coating; weighing sodium polyacrylate, dissolving in water to obtain sodium polyacrylate solution with mass concentration of 15%, spraying on the surface of cyclodextrin coating, and drying to obtain the enhancer.
The sterilization treatment in the step (3) comprises the following steps: placing the soaked corn seeds under an infrared lamp, controlling the power to be 200W, and irradiating for 10 min.
The seedling raising substrate in the step (4) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55 parts of diatomite, 45 parts of expanded perlite, 24 parts of pine needle powder, 24 parts of mushroom residue, 14 parts of corn straw, 14 parts of ABT rooting powder, 14 parts of white sand mud, 9 parts of plant ash, 9 parts of vinasse, 9 parts of bagasse, 5 parts of crab shell, 5 parts of humus, 4 parts of molasses fermentation liquor, 4 parts of sesame, 4 parts of sawdust and 45 parts of water.
The nutrient solution in the step (5) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.006g/L of zinc sulfate, 0.006g/L, ABT g/L of calcium superphosphate, 0.004g/L of rooting powder, 0.004g/L of sodium selenite, 0.0006g/L of copper sulfate, 0.0006g/L of manganese chloride, 0.0004g/L of ferrous sulfate, 0.0004g/L of sodium molybdate, 0.0001g/L of boric acid, 0.0001g/L of potassium humate and the balance of water, and the raw materials are uniformly mixed to obtain the nutrient solution.
Example 2
A seedling raising method for corn seeds comprises the following steps:
(1) seed selection and pretreatment
Selecting full corn seeds with consistent size and no injury;
soaking corn seeds in clear water for 10h 7 days before sowing, taking out, soaking in 0.6% sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution for 50s, taking out, washing with clear water for 3 times, airing the seeds in a ventilated place for 4h, and performing microwave drying treatment at 74 ℃ for 3min to obtain pretreated seeds for later use;
(2) soaking seeds
Putting the corn seeds pretreated in the step (1) into a seed soaking solution, soaking for 2 hours at normal temperature, taking out and drying until the water content is lower than 8%;
the seed soaking liquid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 130mg/L of willow bark concentrated solution, 15mg/L of gibberellin, 15mg/L of chitosan, 10mg/L of ethephon, 10mg/L of vitamin C, 10mg/L of 0.2% potassium nitrate, 3mg/L of potassium indolebutyrate, 3mg/L of carbendazim, 3mg/L of taurine, 0.8mg/L of vitamin D, 0.6mg/L of melatonin, 0.6mg/L, L of ferrous sulfate-0.4 mg/L of aspartic acid and the balance of water, and the raw materials are uniformly mixed and dispersed and are fully and uniformly stirred to obtain the composition;
(3) coating treatment
Sterilizing the soaked corn seeds in the step (2), then putting the corn seeds into a coating machine, coating the seeds with a coating agent, forming a uniform film on the outer layer of the corn seeds by the coating agent, and preparing for sowing after the film is solidified;
(4) seeding and seedling raising
Preparing a seedbed: selecting a wind-sheltering and sunny idle land block which is convenient to drain and irrigate as a seedbed, paving a 15 cm-thick seedling culture medium on the seedbed, and building a seedling culture shed;
sowing: sowing the corn seeds subjected to coating treatment into a seedling culture substrate, wherein the plant spacing is 35cm, and watering thoroughly after sowing;
(5) daily management of
Watering at a proper time, keeping the water content of the seedling culture substrate at 55%, and spraying the nutrient solution every 3 days;
controlling the temperature at night in the seedling raising shed to be 19 ℃, controlling the temperature at day to be 30 ℃, and keeping the light shading degree to be 65%; when the root length of more than 80% of the seedlings reaches 3cm, opening the seedling raising shed, ventilating and hardening the seedlings for 2 days, keeping the shading degree at 30%, obtaining the corn seedlings, and preparing for transplanting.
Wherein,
the preparation method of the willow bark concentrated solution in the step (2) comprises the following steps: selecting well-growing, insect-free and mildew-free willow bark, crushing, sieving with a 120-mesh sieve, performing reflux extraction for 4 times by using 15 times of clear water by weight, combining extracting solutions, and performing reduced pressure evaporation by using a rotary evaporator to obtain the willow bark concentrated solution.
The coating agent in the step (3) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granules, 20 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide, 15 parts of gum arabic, 15 parts of magnesium sulfate, 10 parts of zinc sulfate, 10 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 10 parts of brassinolide, 6 parts of plant ash, 6 parts of an enhancer, 3 parts of nano selenium powder, 3 parts of sodium selenite, 3 parts of zinc sulfate and 65 parts of water, and the raw materials are uniformly mixed to obtain the coating agent.
The reinforcing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1.2 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 1.2 parts of cyclodextrin, 0.8 part of gibberellin, 0.8 part of naphthylacetic acid, 0.6 part of tebuconazole, 0.6 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.6 part of glucose, 1.2 parts of vitamin D and 1.2 parts of amino-oligosaccharin.
The preparation method of the reinforcing agent comprises the following steps: weighing cyclodextrin, dissolving the cyclodextrin in water to prepare a cyclodextrin solution with the mass concentration of 12%, sequentially adding gibberellin, naphthylacetic acid, tebuconazole, bacillus subtilis, glucose, vitamin D and amino-oligosaccharin into the cyclodextrin solution, stirring and dispersing at the rotating speed of 600r/min for 40min, filtering and drying to obtain a cyclodextrin coating; weighing sodium polyacrylate, dissolving in water to obtain sodium polyacrylate solution with mass concentration of 20%, spraying on the surface of cyclodextrin coating, and drying to obtain the enhancer.
The sterilization treatment in the step (3) comprises the following steps: placing the soaked corn seeds under an infrared lamp, controlling the power to be 350W, and irradiating for 20 min.
The seedling raising substrate in the step (4) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 65 parts of diatomite, 55 parts of expanded perlite, 26 parts of pine needle powder, 26 parts of mushroom residue, 16 parts of corn straw, 16 parts of ABT rooting powder, 16 parts of white sand mud, 11 parts of plant ash, 11 parts of vinasse, 11 parts of bagasse, 7 parts of crab shell, 7 parts of humus, 6 parts of molasses fermentation liquor, 6 parts of sesame, 6 parts of sawdust and 55 parts of water.
The nutrient solution in the step (5) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.008g/L zinc sulfate, 0.008g/L, ABT g/L calcium superphosphate, 0.006g/L sodium selenite, 0.0008g/L copper sulfate, 0.0008g/L manganese chloride, 0.0006g/L ferrous sulfate, 0.0006g/L sodium molybdate, 0.0003g/L boric acid, 0.0003g/L potassium humate and the balance of water, and the raw materials are uniformly mixed to obtain the nutrient solution.
Example 3
A seedling raising method for corn seeds comprises the following steps:
(1) seed selection and pretreatment
Selecting full corn seeds with consistent size and no injury;
soaking corn seeds in clear water for 8h 6 days before sowing, taking out, soaking in 0.4% sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution for 40s, taking out, washing with clear water for 2 times, airing the seeds in a ventilated place for 3h, and performing microwave drying treatment at 73 ℃ for 2.5min to obtain pretreated seeds for later use;
(2) soaking seeds
Putting the corn seeds pretreated in the step (1) into seed soaking liquid, soaking at normal temperature for 1.5h, taking out and drying until the water content is lower than 8%;
the seed soaking liquid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 125mg/L of willow bark concentrated solution, 12mg/L of gibberellin, 12mg/L of chitosan, 7mg/L of ethephon, 7mg/L of vitamin C, 7mg/L of 0.2% potassium nitrate, 2mg/L of potassium indolebutyrate, 2mg/L of carbendazim, 2mg/L of taurine, 0.7mg/L of vitamin D, 0.5mg/L of melatonin, 0.5mg/L, L mg/L of ferrous sulfate-0.3 mg/L of aspartic acid and the balance of water, and the raw materials are uniformly mixed and dispersed and are fully and uniformly stirred to obtain the composition;
(3) coating treatment
Sterilizing the soaked corn seeds in the step (2), then putting the corn seeds into a coating machine, coating the seeds with a coating agent, forming a uniform film on the outer layer of the corn seeds by the coating agent, and preparing for sowing after the film is solidified;
(4) seeding and seedling raising
Preparing a seedbed: selecting a wind-sheltering and sunny idle land block which is convenient to drain and irrigate as a seedbed, paving a 12 cm-thick seedling culture medium on the seedbed, and building a seedling culture shed;
sowing: sowing the corn seeds subjected to coating treatment into a seedling culture substrate, wherein the plant spacing is 32cm, and watering thoroughly after sowing;
(5) daily management of
Watering at a proper time, keeping the water content of the seedling culture substrate at 50%, and spraying the nutrient solution every 3 days;
controlling the temperature at night in the seedling raising shed to be 16 ℃, controlling the temperature at day to be 28 ℃, and keeping the shading degree to be 60%; when the root length of more than 80% of the seedlings reaches 3cm, opening the seedling raising shed, ventilating and hardening the seedlings for 2 days, keeping the shading degree at 25%, obtaining the corn seedlings, and preparing for transplanting.
Wherein,
the preparation method of the willow bark concentrated solution in the step (2) comprises the following steps: selecting well-growing, insect-free and mildew-free willow bark, crushing, sieving by a 110-mesh sieve, performing reflux extraction for 4 times by using 13 times of clear water by weight, combining extracting solutions, and performing reduced pressure evaporation by using a rotary evaporator to obtain the willow bark concentrated solution.
The coating agent in the step (3) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 17 parts of 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granules, 17 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide, 12 parts of gum arabic, 12 parts of magnesium sulfate, 9 parts of zinc sulfate, 9 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 9 parts of brassinolide, 5 parts of plant ash, 5 parts of an enhancer, 2 parts of nano selenium powder, 2 parts of sodium selenite, 2 parts of zinc sulfate and 60 parts of water, and the raw materials are uniformly mixed to obtain the coating agent.
The reinforcing agent comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of sodium polyacrylate, 1 part of cyclodextrin, 0.7 part of gibberellin, 0.7 part of naphthylacetic acid, 0.5 part of tebuconazole, 0.5 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.5 part of glucose, 1 part of vitamin D and 1 part of amino-oligosaccharide.
The preparation method of the reinforcing agent comprises the following steps: weighing cyclodextrin, dissolving the cyclodextrin in water to prepare a cyclodextrin solution with the mass concentration of 11%, sequentially adding gibberellin, naphthylacetic acid, tebuconazole, bacillus subtilis, glucose, vitamin D and amino-oligosaccharin into the cyclodextrin solution, stirring and dispersing for 30min at the rotating speed of 550r/min, filtering and drying to obtain a cyclodextrin coating; weighing sodium polyacrylate, dissolving in water to obtain sodium polyacrylate solution with mass concentration of 17%, spraying on the surface of cyclodextrin coating, and drying to obtain the enhancer.
The sterilization treatment in the step (3) comprises the following steps: placing the soaked corn seeds under an infrared lamp, controlling the power to be 300W, and irradiating for 15 min.
The seedling raising substrate in the step (4) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60 parts of diatomite, 50 parts of expanded perlite, 25 parts of pine needle powder, 25 parts of mushroom residue, 15 parts of corn straw, 15 parts of ABT rooting powder, 15 parts of white sand mud, 10 parts of plant ash, 10 parts of vinasse, 10 parts of bagasse, 6 parts of crab shell, 6 parts of humus, 5 parts of molasses fermentation liquor, 5 parts of sesame, 5 parts of sawdust and 50 parts of water.
The nutrient solution in the step (5) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.007g/L of zinc sulfate, 0.007g/L of calcium superphosphate, 0.005g/L of rooting powder L, ABT, 0.005g/L of sodium selenite, 0.0007g/L of copper sulfate, 0.0007g/L of manganese chloride, 0.0005g/L of ferrous sulfate, 0.0005g/L of sodium molybdate, 0.0002g/L of boric acid, 0.0002g/L of potassium humate and the balance of water, and the raw materials are uniformly mixed to obtain the nutrient solution.
While the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes can be made and equivalents can be substituted for elements thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A seedling raising method for corn seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) seed selection and pretreatment
Selecting full corn seeds with consistent size and no injury;
soaking corn seeds in clear water for 7-10 h 5-7 days before sowing, taking out, soaking in a sodium hypochlorite aqueous solution with the concentration of 0.2-0.6% for 30-50 s, washing with clear water for 2-3 times after taking out, airing the seeds in a ventilated place for 2-4 h, and performing microwave drying treatment at 72-74 ℃ for 2-3 min to obtain pretreated seeds for later use;
(2) soaking seeds
Putting the corn seeds pretreated in the step (1) into a seed soaking liquid, soaking at normal temperature for 1-2 h, and then taking out and drying until the water content is lower than 8%;
the seed soaking liquid comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 120-130 mg/L of willow bark concentrated solution, 10-15 mg/L of gibberellin, 10-15 mg/L of chitosan, 5-10 mg/L of ethephon, 5-10 mg/L of vitamin C, 5-10 mg/L of 0.1-0.2% of potassium nitrate, 1-3 mg/L of potassium indolebutyrate, 1-3 mg/L of carbendazim, 1-3 mg/L of taurine, 0.6-0.8 mg/L of vitamin D, 0.4-0.6 mg/L of melatonin, 0.4-0.6 mg/L of ferrous sulfate, 0.2-0.4 mg/L of L, L-aspartic acid and the balance of water, and the raw materials are uniformly mixed and dispersed and fully and stirred to obtain the compound feed additive;
(3) coating treatment
Sterilizing the soaked corn seeds in the step (2), then putting the corn seeds into a coating machine, coating the seeds with a coating agent, forming a uniform film on the outer layer of the corn seeds by the coating agent, and preparing for sowing after the film is solidified;
(4) seeding and seedling raising
Preparing a seedbed: selecting an idle plot which is windproof, sunny and convenient to drain and irrigate as a seedbed, paving a seedling culture medium with the thickness of 10-15 cm on the seedbed, and building a seedling culture shed;
sowing: sowing the corn seeds subjected to coating treatment into a seedling culture substrate, wherein the plant spacing is 30-35 cm, and watering thoroughly after sowing;
(5) daily management of
Watering at a proper time, keeping the water content of the seedling culture substrate to be 45-55%, and spraying a nutrient solution every 2-3 days;
controlling the temperature in the seedling raising shed to be 15-19 ℃ at night, controlling the temperature in the daytime to be 27-30 ℃, and keeping the light shading degree to be 55-65%; and when the root length of more than 80% of the seedlings reaches 3cm, opening the seedling raising shed, ventilating and hardening the seedlings for 1-2 days, keeping the shading degree at 20-30%, obtaining the corn seedlings, and preparing for transplanting.
2. The method for raising seedlings of corn seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the willow bark concentrated solution in the step (2) comprises the following steps: selecting well-growing, insect-free and mildew-free willow barks, crushing, sieving by a 100-120-mesh sieve, performing reflux extraction for 3-4 times by using 12-15 times of clear water by weight, combining extracting solutions, and performing reduced pressure evaporation by using a rotary evaporator to obtain the willow bark concentrated solution.
3. A seedling raising method for corn seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the coating agent in the step (3) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-20 parts of 70% imidacloprid water dispersible granules, 15-20 parts of dimethyl sulfoxide, 10-15 parts of gum arabic, 10-15 parts of magnesium sulfate, 8-10 parts of zinc sulfate, 8-10 parts of monopotassium phosphate, 8-10 parts of brassinolide, 4-6 parts of plant ash, 4-6 parts of reinforcing agent, 1-3 parts of nano selenium powder, 1-3 parts of sodium selenite, 1-3 parts of zinc sulfate and 55-65 parts of water, and the raw materials are uniformly mixed to obtain the coating agent.
4. A corn seed seedling raising method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the enhancer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.8-1.2 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 0.8-1.2 parts of cyclodextrin, 0.6-0.8 part of gibberellin, 0.6-0.8 part of naphthylacetic acid, 0.4-0.6 part of tebuconazole, 0.4-0.6 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.4-0.6 part of glucose, 0.8-1.2 parts of vitamin D and 0.8-1.2 parts of amino-oligosaccharin.
5. A corn seed seedling raising method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the preparation method of the enhancer is: weighing cyclodextrin, dissolving the cyclodextrin in water to prepare a cyclodextrin solution with the mass concentration of 10-12%, sequentially adding gibberellin, naphthylacetic acid, tebuconazole, bacillus subtilis, glucose, vitamin D and amino-oligosaccharin into the cyclodextrin solution, stirring and dispersing at the rotating speed of 500-600 r/min for 20-40 min, filtering and drying to obtain a cyclodextrin coating; weighing sodium polyacrylate, dissolving in water to prepare a sodium polyacrylate solution with the mass concentration of 15-20%, spraying the solution on the surface of the cyclodextrin coating, and drying to obtain the reinforcing agent.
6. A method for raising seedlings of corn seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sterilization treatment in the step (3) is: placing the soaked corn seeds under an infrared lamp, controlling the power to be 200-350W, and irradiating for 10-20 min.
7. The method for raising seedlings of corn seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the seedling raising substrate in the step (4) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 55-65 parts of diatomite, 45-55 parts of expanded perlite, 24-26 parts of pine needle powder, 24-26 parts of mushroom residue, 14-16 parts of corn straw, 14-16 parts of ABT rooting powder, 14-16 parts of white sand mud, 9-11 parts of plant ash, 9-11 parts of vinasse, 9-11 parts of bagasse, 5-7 parts of crab shell, 5-7 parts of humus, 4-6 parts of molasses fermentation liquor, 4-6 parts of sesame, 4-6 parts of sawdust and 45-55 parts of water.
8. A method for raising seedlings of corn seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nutrient solution in the step (5) comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.006-0.008 g/L of zinc sulfate, 0.006-0.008 g/L, ABT g of calcium superphosphate, 0.004-0.006 g/L of rooting powder, 0.004-0.006 g/L of sodium selenite, 0.0006-0.0008 g/L of copper sulfate, 0.0006-0.0008 g/L of manganese chloride, 0.0004-0.0006 g/L of ferrous sulfate, 0.0004-0.0006 g/L of sodium molybdate, 0.0001-0.0003 g/L of boric acid, 0.0001-0.0003 g/L of potassium humate and the balance of water, and the raw materials are uniformly mixed to obtain the nutrient solution.
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| CN109287409A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-02-01 | 安徽省农业科学院烟草研究所 | A method of it is prepared using fresh edible maize seedbed and improves culturing and transplanting seedlings survival rate |
| CN109429618A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-03-08 | 袁米农业科技有限公司 | A method of improving corn germination rate |
| CN110557998A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-12-13 | 淮南蔬心园商贸有限公司 | selenium-rich Hami melon seed treating agent |
| CN110637555A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-01-03 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Coating breeding method for improving stress resistance of sugarcane buds |
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| CN113498715A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-10-15 | 锡林郭勒职业学院 | Method for improving grass sowing survival rate in desertification grassland area |
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| CN110557998A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-12-13 | 淮南蔬心园商贸有限公司 | selenium-rich Hami melon seed treating agent |
| CN110637555A (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2020-01-03 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Coating breeding method for improving stress resistance of sugarcane buds |
| CN110933969A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-03-31 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Method for improving germination rate of litsea cubeba seeds |
| CN111108846A (en) * | 2020-02-13 | 2020-05-08 | 佛山科学技术学院 | Corn seed cultivation method |
| CN111279836A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-06-16 | 贵州师范大学 | Method for improving activity of sweet corn seeds under salt stress |
| CN112244022A (en) * | 2020-10-26 | 2021-01-22 | 温州科技职业学院 | Aging corn seed initiator and treatment method |
| CN112868479A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-06-01 | 德宏州农业技术推广中心(德宏州农业科学研究所) | Factory seedling transplanting and under-film fine management method for fresh corn |
| CN112956486A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-15 | 广东省科学院生物工程研究所 | Application of nitrate nitrogen in improving imidacloprid content of plants |
| CN113498715A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-10-15 | 锡林郭勒职业学院 | Method for improving grass sowing survival rate in desertification grassland area |
| CN115160068A (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2022-10-11 | 张余 | Special seedling raising agent for mechanized rice seedling raising and transplanting, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115160068B (en) * | 2022-08-05 | 2024-05-28 | 张余 | Seedling raising agent special for mechanized rice seedling raising and transplanting as well as preparation method and application thereof |
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