CN107614382B - 控制坐便器的废物出口的方法和装置 - Google Patents
控制坐便器的废物出口的方法和装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
用于控制坐便器的废物出口的装置,根据实施方式,所述装置包括:包含霍尔效应传感器的马达,所述霍尔效应传感器探测马达的旋转并且响应于此生成位置信号;耦连到所述马达的机械致动器;耦连到所述机械致动器的门,其中所述门被设置在所述坐便器的所述废物出口处;逻辑电路,其接收所述位置信号,至少部分地基于所述位置信号生成控制信号以移动所述门,并且将所述控制信号传递给所述马达。所述马达根据所述控制信号操作,以驱动所述机械致动器移动所述门。
Description
相关专利申请的交叉参考
本申请要求2015年3月30日提交的名称为“VACUUM TOILET SYSTEM ANDINSTALLATION METHOD THEREOF”的美国临时专利申请No.62/140,260的权益,其通过引用以其整体并入本文。
技术领域
本公开大体涉及坐便器,并且更特别地涉及控制坐便器的废物出口的方法和装置。
背景技术
设计飞行器的坐便器带来在基于地面的坐便器设计中基本不出现的挑战。例如,在飞行器中,空间和重量是昂贵的,并且使用常规冲水坐便器是不现实的。此外,处理诸如堵塞的故障是困难得多的,这是因为空间限制使得几乎不可能接近以进行查看。
附图说明
虽然所附权利要求特别阐明本技术的特征,但通过以下具体实施方式并结合附图,可以最佳地理解这些技术:
图1是根据实施例配置的坐便器的透视图。
图2是根据实施例所述的马达的分解图。
图3是根据实施例所述的在杠杆、马达和坐便器系统的废物出口门之间的机械耦连的剖视图。
图4A、图4B和图4C是根据实施例所述的图1的坐便器的背侧正视图,其中废物管被移除。
图5是描绘了可以被用在实施例中的逻辑电路的框图。
图6是描绘了可以在实施例中执行的过程的流程图。
图7A、图7B、图7C和图8是根据实施例所述的图1的坐便器的后视图,其显示了具体特征。
具体实施方式
以下讨论指向各种示例性实施例。但是,本领域普通技术人员将理解的是,本文公开的示例具有广泛的应用,并且对任何实施例的讨论仅意味着是该实施例的示例,并且不旨在提出本公开的范围(包括权利要求的范围)受限于该实施例。
某些术语在以下说明中通篇使用,以指代具体特征或部件。如本领域技术人员将意识到的,不同的人可以通过不同名称指代相同特征或部件。本文件不旨在区别名称不同但功能相同的部件或特征。附图不必须是成比例的。本文的某些特征和部件可以被成比例放大显示或者以某种示意性方式被显示,并且为了清楚和简明起见,常规元件的一些细节可以不被显示。
本公开大体涉及控制坐便器的废物出口的方法和装置。根据实施例,该装置包括具有霍尔效应传感器的马达,该霍尔效应传感器探测马达的旋转并且响应于此生成位置信号;耦连到马达的机械致动器;耦连到机械致动器的门,其中门被设置在废物出口处;接收位置信号的逻辑电路,其至少部分地基于位置信号生成控制信号以移动门,并且将控制信号传递给马达。马达根据控制信号操作,以驱动机械致动器,从而移动门。
在实施例中,所述方法包括将控制信号传递给坐便器的马达的逻辑电路,以使马达移动到零位置;从马达接收位置信号;至少部分地基于该位置信号确定需要将马达操作到什么程度以使坐便器的废物出口处的门移动到合适的位置;以及将控制信号传递给马达,以引起马达驱动机械致动器来将门移动到合适的位置。
根据实施例,所述装置包括杠杆;耦连到杠杆的机械致动器;耦连到机械致动器的门,其中门被设置在坐便器的废物出口处;以及具有耦连到杠杆的第一端的系索,其中系索是可手动接入的。当拉动系索时,杠杆移动,以便移动机械致动器来移动门。
本文使用的术语“逻辑电路”指的是被设计为执行依据数学逻辑限定的复杂功能的电路(一种电子硬件)。逻辑电路的示例包括微处理器、控制器、专用集成电路和现场可编程门阵列。
转向图1,显示了根据实施例配置的坐便器。该坐便器,大体标记为100,被配置为部署在飞行器上,并且可以被容纳在外壳(未显示)内。坐便器100包括附连到框架104的碗体102。坐便器100还包括在碗体102的废物出口(在图3中显示)处附连的废物管106以及附连到框架104的马达108。马达108驱动机械致动器打开或关闭废物出口的门(在图4A-图4C中进一步具体显示)。壳体110附连到框架104并且包含机械致动器。杠杆112耦连到(例如附连到)机械致动器。系索114具有耦连到杠杆112的第一端114a,还具有第二端114b,该第二端114b可以自由悬挂或可以附连到框架104的部分。如下文将进一步具体描述的是,杠杆112和系索114允许废物出口的门被手动关闭。
坐便器100进一步包括附连到框架114的控制箱118。控制箱118包含控制坐便器100的操作的逻辑电路。虽然被描绘在框架114的左后侧上,但控制箱118可以在其他位置处附连到框架114,诸如右后侧(例如位置119)。线缆116附连到控制箱118和马达108。线缆116为从控制箱118行进到马达108的电子信号(例如电力和数据)以及从马达108行进到控制箱118的电子信号(例如数据)提供传输介质。例如,控制箱118中的逻辑电路可通过线缆116的方式将控制信号传递给马达108,并且马达108可通过线缆116的方式将位置信号传递给逻辑电路。在操作期间,废物出口的门通常是关闭的。当控制箱118中的逻辑电路接收到启用信号(例如,由坐便器100上的“冲水”按钮生成的信号)时,逻辑电路向马达108发送控制信号以打开废物出口的门。废物管106中的空气与坐便器100外侧周围的空气之间的压力差在废物出口处产生抽吸,其将废物从碗体102内侧抽出废物出口并且进入废物管106。在预定时间段之后,马达108驱动机械致动器以关闭门。
转向图2,在实施例中,马达108包括罩体202、轴204、转子206、定子208和一个或更多个霍尔传感器210。在操作期间,定子208内的绕组接收电流(例如经由缆线116)并且生成与转子206上的一个或更多个永磁体207的电磁场互相作用的电磁场,从而引起转子206(以及因此轴204)旋转。当转子206旋转时,霍尔传感器210探测磁体207的移动并且响应于该移动生成信号。马达108的逻辑电路从霍尔传感器210接收信号,并且响应于该信号生成位置信号。马达108的逻辑电路将位置信号传递给坐便器100的逻辑电路。在实施例中,马达108是无刷直流马达。
转向图3,在实施例中,门302被设置在壳体110的狭槽304中。门302耦连到绕枢转点310枢转的第一机械致动器306。该示例中的机械致动器306是第一齿轮(例如,行星齿轮的部分)。第一机械致动器306在枢转点310处附连到马达108的轴204,使得当轴204旋转时(例如当转子206旋转时),第一机械致动器306以箭头A的方向移动。杠杆112附连到第一机械致动器306,使得当第一机械致动器306以箭头A的方向移动时,杠杆112以箭头B的方向移动。因此,杠杆112经由第一机械致动器306耦连到马达108。门302附连到第二机械致动器308(该示例中的第二齿轮),该第二机械致动器308耦连到第一机械致动器306。第一机械致动器306因此经由第二机械致动器308耦连到门302,使得第一机械致动器306的移动引起第二机械致动器308以箭头C的方向的相应移动,其使得门302以箭头D的方向在完全关闭位置(如图4A所示)、部分打开(或部分关闭)位置(如图4B所示)和完全打开位置(如图4C所示)之间移动,在完全关闭位置中,门302完全堵住碗体102的废物出口312,在部分打开(或部分关闭)位置中,门302部分堵住废物出口312,在完全打开位置中,门302完全收进狭槽304中并且完全不堵住废物出口312。第二机械致动器308绕枢转点311枢转。
根据实施例,系索114被放置为可手动接入(即,可通过打开坐便器100周围的覆盖物,从而能够在飞行操作期间被空乘人员以手接入)。当以箭头E的方向拉动系索114时,第一端114a以B的方向拉动杠杆112,这在第一机械致动器306上产生由箭头A所示方向上的扭矩。第一机械致动器306以在枢转点310处枢转作为响应,从而引起(例如通过第二机械致动器308的方式)门302以箭头D的方向朝向完全关闭位置移动。换句话说,第一机械致动器306和第二机械致动器308协作以将运动从杠杆112传递到门302。
转向图5,在实施例中,控制箱118包括大体控制坐便器100的操作的逻辑电路502,并且马达108包括控制马达108的操作的逻辑电路504。逻辑电路502与马达108的逻辑电路504通信。在实施例中,当坐便器100的逻辑电路502实施起动操作时(例如,在坐便器100通电时),逻辑电路502将使马达108位于零位置的命令传递给马达108的逻辑电路504。为了达到零位置,逻辑电路504使转子206以合适的方向旋转合适数量的转数,以便将门302移动到预定位置,例如使其完全打开或完全关闭。
转向图6,现在将描述根据实施例的坐便器100的逻辑电路502所实施的过程的示例。在框体602处,逻辑电路502将控制信号传递给马达108的逻辑电路504,以使马达108移动到零位置。作为响应,马达108以合适的方向和合适数量的转数移动转子206,以达到零位置。在马达108的进一步操作的一些点处,一个或更多个霍尔效应传感器210测量转子206的位置并且将该位置报告给马达108的逻辑电路504。逻辑电路504基于报告的位置生成控制信号。在框体604处,坐便器100的逻辑电路502从马达108的逻辑电路504接收位置信号。在框体606处,逻辑电路502至少部分地基于位置信号来确定是否需要操作马达108以及将马达108操作到什么程度以将门302移动到合适的位置。在框体608处,坐便器100的逻辑电路502将控制信号传递给马达108的逻辑电路504,以使马达108致动第一机械致动器306,从而将门302移动到合适的位置。
转向图7A(其中为了更清晰地显示其他特征,系索114已经被省略),可以以箭头B的方向拉动杠杆112以便关闭门302,从而允许手动操作。
转向图7B和图7C,根据实施例,套管702附连到杠杆112的远端。套管702具有被系索114穿过的孔。附连到系索114的第一端114a的是不适合通过所述孔的挡块704(以例如盖子的形式),使得当杠杆112以箭头B的方向移动并且挡块704达到套管702时,挡块704在孔处卡在套管702上,从而允许系索114拉动杠杆112(经由挡块704)。在实施例中,系索114是足够坚固的,以便当套管702沿着其移动时,系索114基本保持其取向。系索114可以被实施为扭曲的金属线制作的线缆。部分系索114被由例如橡胶层或塑料层制作的覆盖物706包围,覆盖物706可以是相对刚性的,但系索114能通过覆盖物滑动。在正常操作期间,套管702在系索114上滑行(即,系索114通过套管702中的孔),从而允许杠杆112和对应的机械致动器在没有明显负重的情况下移动。在各种实施例中,该特征可以允许门302被打开和关闭而无需离合器,同时当需要时或当马达108不可操作时(例如,由于故障或断电)仍允许门302的手动关闭。
如图8所示,在实施例中,系索114的第二端114b可从框架104的前面接入,并且可以附连到框架104的前面。
为了提升对本公开的原理的理解,已经对附图中所示的实施例进行参考,并已经使用特定语言来描述这些实施例。但是,这些特定语言不旨在限制本公开的范围,并且本公开应被理解为包含本领域普通技术人员通常将想到的全部实施例。
本文显示和描述的具体实施方式是说明性示例并且不旨在另外地以任何方式限制本公开的范围。出于简洁起见,常规的电子设备、控制系统、软件开发和该系统的其他功能性方面(以及该系统的各操作部件的部件)可以不被具体描述。
除非本文中另有说明或上下文明显矛盾,否则可以以任何合适的顺序执行本文描述的所有方法的步骤。本文提供的任何和所有示例或示例性语言(例如“诸如”)的使用仅旨在更好地说明本公开,而非对范围设定限制,除非另有声明。许多修改和改变对本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的,并且不背离本发明的实质精神和范围。
也将被意识到的是,本文使用的术语“包含”、“包括”和“具有”专用于被理解为技术的开放式术语。在描述本发明的背景下(尤其是在所附权利要求的背景下),除非文中清楚地另有说明,否则使用术语“一个”、“一”和“所述”和类似指示词将被理解为涵盖单数和复数两者。此外,应被理解的是,虽然术语“第一”、“第二”等可以在本文中被用于描述各种元件,但这些元件不应受这些术语的限制,这些术语仅用于区分元件彼此。
Claims (11)
1.一种用于控制坐便器的废物出口的装置,所述装置包含:
包含霍尔效应传感器的马达,所述霍尔效应传感器探测所述马达的旋转并且响应于所述旋转生成位置信号;
耦连到所述马达的机械致动器;
耦连到所述机械致动器的门,其中所述门被设置在所述坐便器的所述废物出口处;
逻辑电路,其
接收所述位置信号;
至少部分地基于所述位置信号生成控制信号以移动所述门;并且
将所述控制信号传递给所述马达,
其中所述马达根据所述控制信号操作,以驱动所述机械致动器移动所述门。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中
在起动操作中,所述控制信号包括将所述马达置于零位置的命令。
3.根据权利要求2所述的装置,其中所述马达的所述零位置对应于所述门完全关闭的位置。
4.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中
所述机械致动器是第一机械致动器,
所述装置进一步包含附连到所述门的第二机械致动器,以及
所述第一机械致动器和所述第二机械致动器彼此耦连。
5.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中所述机械致动器在枢转点处附连到所述马达的轴,并且根据所述轴的旋转绕所述枢转点枢转。
6.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其进一步包含框架和附连到所述框架的壳体,其中所述壳体具有在所述门处于打开位置时容纳所述门的狭槽。
7.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其进一步包含框架和附连到所述框架的碗体,其中所述废物出口位于所述碗体的下部中。
8.根据权利要求7所述的装置,其进一步包含在所述废物出口处附连到所述碗体的废物管。
9.根据权利要求1所述的装置,其中当所述逻辑电路接收到启用信号时,所述逻辑电路向所述马达传递控制信号以使所述马达驱动所述机械致动器,从而关闭所述门。
10.一种用于控制坐便器的废物出口的方法,所述坐便器包含马达、耦连到所述马达的机械致动器和耦连到所述机械致动器的门,所述方法包含:
将控制信号传递到所述马达的逻辑电路,以使所述马达移动到零位置;
从所述马达接收位置信号;
至少部分地基于所述位置信号确定需要将所述马达操作到什么程度以使所述门移动到所述废物出口内的合适的位置;以及
将控制信号传递给所述马达,以使所述马达致动所述机械致动器,从而将所述门移动到所述合适的位置。
11.根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中当所述合适的位置是完全打开位置时,所述方法进一步包含:
从所述坐便器的冲水机构接收启用信号;以及
响应于所述启用信号传递所述控制信号。
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