CN107509578A - A kind of high-quality strong sprout mating system of Cortex Ilicis Rotundae - Google Patents
A kind of high-quality strong sprout mating system of Cortex Ilicis Rotundae Download PDFInfo
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- CN107509578A CN107509578A CN201710803879.7A CN201710803879A CN107509578A CN 107509578 A CN107509578 A CN 107509578A CN 201710803879 A CN201710803879 A CN 201710803879A CN 107509578 A CN107509578 A CN 107509578A
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- seed
- rubbing
- mating system
- cortex ilicis
- ilicis rotundae
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/0332—Earthworms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/05—Treatments involving invertebrates, e.g. worms, flies or maggots
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high-quality strong sprout mating system of Cortex Ilicis Rotundae, comprise the following steps：1）Seed collection and processing；2）Sprout cultivating；3）Make ground in whole garden；4）Transplanting；5）Seedling management；6）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；7）The outplanting propagation method is improved in the comprehensive of seed treatment, and percentage of seedgermination, germinating energy height, seedling growth is fast and neat, high-quality stalwartness to being improved in the processing procedure of seed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high-quality strong sprout mating system of Cortex Ilicis Rotundae.
Background technology
Cortex Ilicis Rotundae（Scientific name：Ilex latifolia Thunb.）Evergreen megaphanerophyte, blade heavy leather matter, Long Circle or
Ovate Long Circle, the false panicle being made up of cyme are born in the axil of biennial branch, without total stalk；Flower pistac,
Fruit is spherical, red when ripe, April at florescence, 9~October of fruiting period.Be born in the hillside evergreen broadleaf forest of 250~1500 meters of height above sea level,
In shrubbery or in bamboo grove.It is distributed in the ground such as Japan and Yangtze River in China downstream each province and Fujian.
The conventional implantation methods of Cortex Ilicis Rotundae are exactly to use seed seedling-raising technology, but traditional seed seedling-raising Technical comparing
Fall behind, the time of nursery and cultivation is longer, and cycle length can not then meet the requirement of greening, and nursery stock is unable to fast growing；Secondly, exist
Simple use sand bed is cultivated during sprout cultivating, and its sprout growing way cultivated is uneven, and straw stiffness is not big enough, and plant
Root system is not flourishing enough；Again, in seed treatment processes, seed treatment efficiency is low, and processing is not comprehensive enough, can not only influence to sow
Best Times, and not enough thoroughly cause seed plantation to go down to have growing way difference due to processing, it is unfavorable for the kind in later stage
Plant, economic benefit is low.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned problem, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of high-quality strong sprout mating system of Cortex Ilicis Rotundae, the breeding
Method is improved in the comprehensive of seed treatment, and percentage of seedgermination, germinating energy to being improved in the processing procedure of seed
Height, seedling growth is fast and neat, high-quality stalwartness.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows：
A kind of high-quality strong sprout mating system of Cortex Ilicis Rotundae, comprises the following steps：
1）Seed collection and processing
A, collect seed：The healthy and strong elite stand of growth selection, plucks when preferably fruit takes on a red color in the fall；
B, seed treatment：Fruit is first divulged information stack retting 3d~5d, and fruit becomes brown, and softening is rotted, then through separator by seed with
Fruit pulp is separated, and after obtaining pure seed, ventilation is dried, seed moisture content 10%；
C, the storage of seeds：The seed and wet sand dried is in 1: 3 ratio in indoor Stratificated treatment.Sand moistening is kept, is turned over every 20d
Move once, seed stores seed 1a~1.5a with wet sand；
2）Sprout cultivating
A, vernalization：Masonry brick work builds an earthworm highly effective compost case into sand bed, sand bed side, and laying depth is 20cm in sand bed, husky
Bedside 80cm sand bed, sand bed spray disinfectant is sterilized with 0.5% potassium permanganate before sowing；
B, sow：Spacing 2cm~3cm is sowed, Vermicomposting is imposed before sowing and is mixed with sand bed, and sand bed is poured prior to seeding
It is once permeable, after planting covered with fine sand, bed surface overlying grass moisturizing, when there is 20%~30% or so germination, throw off rice
Grass；
3）Make ground in whole garden
A, select to garden：Select subacidity to subalkaline sandy loam, loam or clay loam with doing garden；
B, site preparation makees bed：Using high bed nursery, it should turn over to garden jelly the winter and shine, thin rake of rake makees bed before sowing, expert vegetable grower ground not continuous cropping, whole
Basal dressing during ground, based on organic fertilizer, mu manuring 2000kg~3000kg；
C, soil disinfection：Native sterilization is mixed with 50% powder of carbendazim（1：500）Or with 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder
600 times of liquid spray, soil plastic covering film after sterilization, are opened after sealing 3d~4d；
4）Transplanting：As the high 1.5cm~2.0cm of seedling, when cotyledon shows completely, it is transplanted on whole good seedbed, seedbed transplanting strain
Away from 5cm, line-spacing 15cm~20cm, to keep seedbed moistening, water of fully being drenched after transplanting；
5）Seedling management
A, shade：The high shading sheds of 80cm are set up after seedling replanting, and lid sunshade net shades；
B, water management：15d after transplanting, every 2d~3d spraying and moisturizings, keep blade face moistening；
C, weeding；
D, top dressing；
6）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；
7）Outplanting.
Preferably, the step（1）Used separator is specially to automate rubbing during " seed treatment "
Separator, automation rubbing separator include separation casing, feed well, kneading mechanism, rotating mechanism and cleaning machine
Structure, the feed well are located at the separation casing upper end, and the kneading mechanism, rotating mechanism and the wiper mechanism are each provided at
In the separator box body, and the kneading mechanism, rotating mechanism and the wiper mechanism are setting up and down.
Preferably, the kneading mechanism includes double-acting cylinder, line slideway and triangle rubbing device, it is described reciprocating
Cylinder and the line slideway are each provided at the separation casing upper surface, the triangle rubbing device by connection end with it is described past
The driving end of compound cylinder is fixedly connected, and triangle rubbing device upper end is slidably connected with the line slideway.
Preferably, triangle rubbing device includes tripod and rubbing head, the tripod by two swash plates and
The transverse slat composition in two swash plate centre positions is connected to, the rubbing is equipped with two swash plates and the transverse slat
Head, three rubbing heads are located along the same line.
Preferably, the rotating mechanism includes screw thread rotation axle and rubbing plate, the screw thread rotation axle is laterally set
In the separation box house, and both ends are respectively provided in threaded adjusting cylinder, and a level is fixed on the screw thread rotation axle
Rubbing plate, some rubbing teeth are set on the rubbing plate.
Preferably, it is wholely set arc coaming plate in the left and right sides of the rubbing plate.
Preferably, the step（2）Every mu of Vermicomposting applies 300 kg~500kg in " sprout cultivating ".
Preferably, the step（5）May~June in " top dressing ", every 5d spray 0.1%~0.3% calcium superphosphate and
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 time；Start by the end of May every 0.1% urea solution of 10d foliage-sprays 1 time；The seedling growth later stage, every 10d
The potassium dihydrogen phosphate of foliage-spray 0.3% or 0.2%~0.3% potassium sulfate solution 1 time.
Preferably, the step（2）In " earthworm highly effective compost case " specifically include compost casing and be arranged on institute
The uniform feeding case of compost body side is stated, the sun-proof protection of a rain cover is set on compost casing and the uniform feeding case
Canopy.
Preferably, top is provided with the adjustable ventilation dress of humidification device, attemperator and three-level in the compost case body
Put, centre sets inhabitation layer, bottom to set food layer, and interface channel is set between the inhabitation layer and the food layer.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：This method is improved to seed treatment first, and traditional hand rubbing method is improved
For the rubbing method of automation, the treatment effeciency of seed is not only improved, shortens the seed treatment time, prevents processing time from long missing
Optimal seed sowing and seedling raise period, and the separator of the seed treatment is simple in construction, can once handle a large amount of
Seed, and be recycled to, the injury in processing procedure to seed is small, can keep the integrality of seed, improves at seed
Reason rate, reduce seed destructive rate；
Secondly, this method is improved to the sand bed structure during seed seeding and seedling raising, because during the rooting of seed
Nutriment is needed, and necessary not only for moisture, if applying fertilizer, then not only increase cost, and fertilizer can also have burning
The situation of seedling occurs, therefore this method uses the technology of Vermicomposting, one layer of wormcast is laid in sand bed, with reference to sand bed in sprout
Emergence rate can not only be improved in cultivating process, and percentage of seedgermination, germinating energy are high, and seedling growth is fast and neat, high-quality strong
It is strong, laid a solid foundation for follow-up transplanting survival rate；
This method gathers elite seed seeding and seedling raising, and seed treatment is simple to operate, quick, and percentage of seedgermination, germinating energy are high, nursery stock
Grow fast and neat, high-quality stalwartness.The method cultivate nursery stock be applied to Cortex Ilicis Rotundae fast growing, standardized planting, and
And the method seedling cost is low, high financial profit, and the masses preferably grasp, and are easy to promote, popularize.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of earthworm highly effective compost case.
Fig. 2 is the side schematic view of end connector.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of separator of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic top plan view of rubbing plate of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of rubbing tooth.
Fig. 6 is that triangle rubs device side schematic view.
Wherein：101- compost casings, 102- uniform feeding casees, 103- humidification devices, 104- attemperators, 105- live
Layer, 106- food layers, 107- interface channels, 108- end connectors, 109- sealing dampers, the foldable vent board of 110- macropores,
111- mesopores can adjust vent board, and 112- apertures can adjust vent board, 113- adjustment portions, 114- fixed parts, 115- movement pressings
Portion, 116- guided ways, 117- adjusting cavities, 118- bottom plates, 119- dirt beds, 120- organic horizons, 121- feed hoppers, 122- storings
Layer, 123- ponding layers, 124- draining web plates, 125- pusher cylinders, 126- charging rams, 127- pusher disks, 128- blanking swash plates,
129- shackles, 130- gib heads.
201- separation casings, 202- feed wells, 203- double-acting cylinders, 204- line slideways, 205- connection ends, 206- are oblique
Plate, 207- transverse slats, 208- rubbing heads, 209- screw thread rotation axles, 210- rubbing plates, 211- threaded adjusting cylinders, 212- rubbing teeth,
213- is oriented to tooth, 214- wiper mechanisms, 215- arc coaming plates.
Embodiment
In order that one of ordinary skill in the art is better understood on technical scheme, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and
Embodiment is further described to technical scheme.
Embodiment：A kind of high-quality strong sprout mating system of Cortex Ilicis Rotundae, comprises the following steps：
1）Seed collection and processing
A, collect seed：The healthy and strong elite stand of growth selection, plucks when preferably fruit takes on a red color in the fall；
B, seed treatment：Fruit is first divulged information stack retting 3d~5d, and fruit becomes brown, and softening is rotted, then through separator by seed with
Fruit pulp is separated, and after obtaining pure seed, ventilation is dried, seed moisture content 10%；
Referring to the drawings shown in 3-5, used separator is specially to automate rubbing separator, automation rubbing separation
Device includes separation casing 201, feed well 202, kneading mechanism, rotating mechanism and wiper mechanism 214, the feed well 202
Separation casing 201 upper end is located at, the kneading mechanism, rotating mechanism and the wiper mechanism 214 are each provided at described point
From in casing 201, and the kneading mechanism, rotating mechanism and the wiper mechanism 214 are setting up and down；Fruit is from feed well
202 chargings, feed well 202 are arranged on separation casing 201 one end；
Further, the kneading mechanism includes double-acting cylinder 203, line slideway 204 and triangle rubbing device, described reciprocal
Formula cylinder 203 and the line slideway 204 are each provided at separation casing 201 upper surface, and the triangle rubbing device passes through company
End 205 is connect to be fixedly connected with the driving end of the double-acting cylinder 203, and triangle rubbing device upper end and the line slideway
204 are slidably connected, and triangle rubbing device includes tripod and rubbing first 208, the tripod by two swash plates 206 and
The transverse slat 207 for being connected to two centre positions of swash plate 206 forms, and is all provided with two swash plates 206 and the transverse slat 207
There is the rubbing first 208, three rubbings first 208 are located along the same line；Feed well 202 is distinguished with double-acting cylinder 203
The both ends of separation casing 201 upper end are located at, fruit is fed successively from feed well 202, and double-acting cylinder 203 drives triangle rubbing
Device bilateral reciprocation, triangle rubbing device disclosure satisfy that the needs of each position rubbing, be that end carries circular arc in rubbing first 208
The taper in face rubs first 208, and carrying out rubbing during movement removes pericarp；In addition, the setting by line slideway 204 can
The reciprocal levelness of triangle rubbing device is preferably kept, its position can preferably control；
Further, the rotating mechanism includes screw thread rotation axle 209 and rubbing plate 210, and the screw thread rotation axle 209 is laterally
It is arranged on inside the separation casing 201, and both ends are respectively provided in threaded adjusting cylinder 211, on the screw thread rotation axle 209
A horizontal rubbing plate 210 is fixed, some rubbing teeth 212 are set on the rubbing plate 210；In the left and right of the rubbing plate 210
Both sides are wholely set arc coaming plate 215；The setting one of rotating mechanism is to coordinate triangle rubbing device to carry out mutually rubbing extruding behaviour
Make, rubbing tooth 212 also rubs tooth 212, the rubbing tooth 212 and the rubbing on triangle rubbing device for taper of the end with arc surface
First 208 interaction carries out thoroughly going fruit pulp to operate comprehensively to seed, and the damage so operated to seed is minimum,
But by screw thread rotation axle 209 in the internal rotation of threaded adjusting cylinder 211, carry out seed that quick release rubbed to wiper mechanism
In 214, rubbing is can proceed with again after then reversely rotating, rubbing plate 210 leaves gap between the wall of casing 201 with separating,
The gap be less than seed size, avoid not rubbing and just drop down, in addition, in order to improve fruit whereabouts speed and
The uniformity, therefore set arc coaming plate 215, fruit quickly falls in the fox face of arc coaming plate 215, under gravity can be compared with
Quickly pave on rubbing plate 210, auxiliary is carried out for rubbing；In addition, it is additionally provided with and leads in the outermost end of screw thread rotation axle 209
To tooth 213, the effect for being oriented to tooth 213 is exactly to judge whether rubbing plate 210 returns to horizontal level, and guidance quality is good；
Seed enters the pericarp outlet for passing through upper strata in clear water mechanism after cleaning and the seed of lower floor after being separated with fruit pulp
Outlet discharging, then carry out follow-up screening or processing；
C, the storage of seeds：The seed and wet sand dried is in 1: 3 ratio in indoor Stratificated treatment.Sand moistening is kept, is turned over every 20d
Move once, seed stores seed 1a~1.5a with wet sand；
2）Sprout cultivating
A, vernalization：Seed is taken out, vernalization in sand bed, masonry brick work will set gutter, sand bed side into sand bed around sand bed
Build an earthworm highly effective compost case, laying depth is 20cm in sand bed, the wide 80cm of sand bed sand bed, and length is true according to sowing quantity
It is fixed, sand bed spray disinfectant is sterilized with 0.5% potassium permanganate before sowing；
B, sow：Spacing 2cm~3cm is sowed, Vermicomposting is imposed before sowing and is mixed with sand bed, and sand bed is poured prior to seeding
It is once permeable, after planting covered with fine sand, bed surface overlying grass moisturizing, when there is 20%~30% or so germination, throw off rice
Grass；
Referring to the drawings shown in 1-2, " the earthworm highly effective compost case " specifically includes compost casing 101 and is arranged on the compost
Set a rain cover sun-proof on the uniform feeding case 102 of the side of casing 101, compost casing 101 and the uniform feeding case 102
Canopy is protected, because earthworm likes light, wind and rain, therefore a protection canopy is set, that solves the above problems；The compost casing 101
Internal upper part is provided with humidification device 103, attemperator 104 and three-level can adjust air-breather, centre set inhabitation layer 105, under
Portion sets food layer 106, and interface channel 107 is set between the inhabitation layer 105 and the food layer 106, and humidification device 103 is
One humidifier tube is set in the upper end of compost casing 101, row's fog-spray nozzle is set on humidifier tube, earthworm likes moist environment, Gu Te
It is not to need regularly to carry out inhabitation layer 105 humidification process by humidification device 103 in summer, attemperator 104 is to set
Row's heating tube in the upper end of compost casing 101, attemperator 104 are after winter temperature decline or in compost casing 101
Temperature improves the temperature in compost casing 101 by heating tube after declining, the temperature in casing is maintained at 15-20 DEG C, connection
Passage 107 is arranged between inhabitation layer 105 and food layer 106, will live and food is provided separately, can ensure that earthworm is preferable
Rest and edible；
Again, the inhabitation layer 105 includes bottom plate 118, dirt bed 119 and organic horizon 120, the mud successively from bottom to top
The thickness of soil layer 119 is 2-3 times of the thickness of organic horizon 120, and the organic horizon 120 is after hay, stalk etc. dry
The bits shape of crushing, the gross thickness of inhabitation layer 105 are played a supporting role in 6-8cm, bottom plate 118；
Secondly, leading flank, trailing flank are provided with the three-level and can adjust air-breather, and each institute on the compost casing 101
State three-level can adjust air-breather include two end connectors 108 and be connected between two end connectors 108 and
The foldable vent board of three-level of arranged in parallel, the side of compost casing 101 is provided with corresponding with the foldable vent board of the three-level
Opening portion, the foldable vent board of three-level respectively include the foldable vent board 110 of macropore, mesopore can adjust vent board 111 with
And aperture can adjust vent board 112, the order that three vent board ecto-entads are reduced by steaming hole is arranged in order, and the macropore
Foldable vent board 110, mesopore can adjust vent board 111 and aperture can adjust the three upper end of vent board 112 and be respectively provided with regulation
Portion 113, lower end are equipped with fixed part 114, and mobile press section 115 is provided with the adjustment portion 113, and each end connects
Connect and be provided with four vertical guided ways 116 in device 108 side by side, four formation of guided ways 116, three adjusting cavities 117, three
Be correspondingly arranged the foldable vent board of the three-level in the adjusting cavity 117 respectively, the both ends of the adjustment portion 113 respectively and and its
Two guided ways 116 are slidably connected corresponding to left and right；End connector 108 is the square structure of a hollow out, before corresponding
Trailing flank opening, sealing damper 109 is additionally provided with the both ends of end connector 108, the setting of sealing damper 109 can be by the two of opening
Side is blocked, or opens ventilation, and sealing damper 109 opens sealing damper 109 on the outside of the both ends of four guided ways 116
When the foldable vent board of three-level can be adjusted, in four guided ways 116 outermost amount bar guided way 116 be one side be oriented to
Rail 116, two guided ways 116 of inner side are two-sided guided way 116, uniform its both sides in the both ends of adjustment portion 113 of three vent boards
Two guided ways 116 it is corresponding be slidably connected, need to carry out compost casing 101 using different air vents in different seasons
Ventilation, and the setting of aeration structure can ensure have ozone to keep breathing by earthworm in Vermicomposting case, therefore macropore
The adjustable vent board 111 of foldable vent board 110, mesopore and the adjustable vent board 112 of aperture can correspond to aperture respectively and be
3cm, 2cm, 1cm circular vent, when regulation is so needed in different seasons, it is only necessary to pin two of which ventilating board
The slide downward of press section 115 is moved, and mobile press section 115 is fixedly connected with post with fixed part 114, is moved on press section 115
Shackle 129 is set, gib head 130 is set on fixed part 114, shackle 129 can connect with gib head 130, and after vent board is folded, need
That vent board wanted will turn into ventilation device, and it is more convenient that it is adjusted, and fast, ventilation effect is good.
In addition, the upper end of uniform feeding case 102 sets feed hopper 121, the uniform feeding case 102 is divided to for upper and lower two
Point, top is divided into storing layer 122, and bottom is divided into ponding layer 123, passes through drip between the storing layer 122 and the ponding layer 123
Network of rivers plate 124 is separated, and horizontal pusher is additionally provided with the storing layer 122, the horizontal pusher include pusher cylinder 125,
Charging ram 126 and the multiple pusher disks 127 being arranged on the charging ram 126, each it is equipped with one on the pusher disk 127
Enclose material pushing tooth；Feed hopper 121 deposits a large amount of food wastes, and when being fed to earthworm, food waste is first put into storing layer by feed hopper 121
122, ponding layer 123 by under the large quantity of moisture drip in food waste can be present, it is necessary to when feeding, start pusher gas in storing layer 122
Cylinder 125, food waste is promoted into food layer 106 in the presence of pusher disk 127, by blanking swash plate 128 to the blanking of food layer 106,
Connect and set between storing layer 122 and the food layer 106 of compost casing 101, eaten for earthworm；
The present invention designs Vermicomposting case during cuttage, and the purpose that Vermicomposting case is set has two, first, can be by greatly
The food waste of amount is handled, refuse reclamation, but can be produced by the setting of Vermicomposting case and largely be contained high concentration
The fertilizer of n-p-k element, added in sand bed wormcast can make the root growth of cuttage seeding faster, it is more flourishing, stalk it is strong
Degree also can be bigger, be best natural nutrition and fertilizer for plant, can promote the growth at cuttage seeding cuttage initial stage；
3）Make ground in whole garden
A, select to garden：Select to have a good transport service to garden, have abundant water resources, well-drained place, it is desirable to which physical features is flat, level of ground water
Not more than 1.5m, soil thickness are typically no less than 50cm, and subacidity to subalkaline sandy loam, loam or clay loam is done
Garden；
B, site preparation makees bed：Using high bed nursery, seedbed East and West direction, wide 1.0m~1.2m, high 25cm~30cm, pavement furrow width 35cm
~40cm, it should turn over to garden jelly the winter and shine, thin rake of rake makees bed before sowing, expert vegetable grower ground not continuous cropping, basal dressing during site preparation, with organic
Based on fertilizer, mu manuring 2000kg~3000kg, while appropriate application Vermicomposting can also be combined；
C, soil disinfection：Native sterilization is mixed with 50% powder of carbendazim（1：500）Or with 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder
600 times of liquid spray, soil plastic covering film after sterilization, are opened after sealing 3d~4d；
4）Transplanting：As the high 1.5cm~2.0cm of seedling, when cotyledon shows completely, it is transplanted on whole good seedbed, seedbed transplanting strain
Away from 5cm, line-spacing 15cm~20cm, to keep seedbed moistening, water of fully being drenched after transplanting；
5）Seedling management
A, shade：The high shading sheds of 80cm are set up after seedling replanting, and lid sunshade net shades, spring covers one layer of sunshade net, summer
Cover in season two layers, sunshade rate 75%~80%.Winter then removes sunshade net, is capped thin film；
B, water management：15d after transplanting, every 2d~3d spraying and moisturizings, produce blade face moistening.But with also avoiding garden ponding,
Prevent seedbed overly moist；
C, weeding：Timely weeding, accomplish " except it is early, except well, except ", do not influence seedling growth
D, top dressing：In May~June, 0.1%~0.3% calcium superphosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 time are sprayed every 5d；Open by the end of May
Begin every 0.1% urea solution of 10d foliage-sprays 1 time；The seedling growth later stage, every the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 10d foliage-sprays 0.3% or
0.2%~0.3% potassium sulfate solution 1 time；
6）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Such as root rot, can pouring root dilute 30% 800 times of liquid of first frost hymexazol and prevented and treated；
7）Outplanting
Seedling quality index：The necessary robust growth of nursery stock, no disease pest quarantine object, well developed root system, lateral root are complete；
Lifting：Axial root system retains length and is not less than 25cm during lifting, hinders lateral root, fibrous root less；
Nursery stock detects：Playing the detection of after seedling seedling quality will be carried out in a seedling batch, the method for taking random sampling, bundled nursery stock
First sampling bundle, then respectively take out 10 plants in each sample bundle；Not bundled nursery stock directly extracts sample strain；
Nursery stock label and file administration
The main recruitment for including every operations such as seed collecting elite stand situation, seed source, nursery position, area, site preparation, cultivating and managing
With supplies consumption etc..
General principle, principal character and the advantages of the present invention of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and specification is originally
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of high-quality strong sprout mating system of Cortex Ilicis Rotundae, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1）Seed collection and processing
A, collect seed：The healthy and strong elite stand of growth selection, plucks when preferably fruit takes on a red color in the fall；
B, seed treatment：Fruit is first divulged information stack retting 3d~5d, and fruit becomes brown, and softening is rotted, then through separator by seed with
Fruit pulp is separated, and after obtaining pure seed, ventilation is dried, seed moisture content 10%；
C, the storage of seeds：The seed and wet sand dried is in 1: 3 ratio in indoor Stratificated treatment；Sand moistening is kept, is turned over every 20d
Move once, seed stores seed 1a~1.5a with wet sand；
2）Sprout cultivating
A, vernalization：Masonry brick work builds an earthworm highly effective compost case into sand bed, sand bed side, and laying depth is 20cm in sand bed, husky
Bedside 80cm sand bed, sand bed spray disinfectant is sterilized with 0.5% potassium permanganate before sowing；
B, sow：Spacing 2cm~3cm is sowed, Vermicomposting is imposed before sowing and is mixed with sand bed, and sand bed is poured prior to seeding
It is once permeable, after planting covered with fine sand, bed surface overlying grass moisturizing, when there is 20~30% or so germination, throw off rice
Grass；
3）Make ground in whole garden
A, select to garden：Select subacidity to subalkaline sandy loam, loam or clay loam with doing garden；
B, site preparation makees bed：Using high bed nursery, it should turn over to garden jelly the winter and shine, thin rake of rake makees bed before sowing, expert vegetable grower ground not continuous cropping, whole
Basal dressing during ground, based on organic fertilizer, mu manuring 2000kg~3000kg；
C, soil disinfection：Native sterilization is mixed with 50% powder of carbendazim（1：500）Or with 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder 600
Times liquid sprays, soil plastic covering film after sterilization, is opened after sealing 3d~4d；
4）Transplanting：As the high 1.5cm~2.0cm of seedling, when cotyledon shows completely, it is transplanted on whole good seedbed, seedbed transplanting strain
Away from 5cm, line-spacing 15cm~20cm, to keep seedbed moistening, water of fully being drenched after transplanting；
5）Seedling management
A, shade：The high shading sheds of 80cm are set up after seedling replanting, and lid sunshade net shades；
B, water management：15d after transplanting, every 2d~3d spraying and moisturizings, keep blade face moistening；
C, weeding；
D, top dressing；
6）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；
7）Outplanting.
A kind of 2. high-quality strong sprout mating system of Cortex Ilicis Rotundae according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（1）
Used separator is specially to automate rubbing separator during " seed treatment ", automation rubbing separator
The separation casing is located at including separation casing, feed well, kneading mechanism, rotating mechanism and wiper mechanism, the feed well
Upper end, the kneading mechanism, rotating mechanism and the wiper mechanism are each provided in the separator box body, and the kneading machine
Structure, rotating mechanism and the wiper mechanism are setting up and down.
A kind of 3. high-quality strong sprout mating system of Cortex Ilicis Rotundae according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The kneading mechanism
Device is rubbed including double-acting cylinder, line slideway and triangle, the double-acting cylinder and the line slideway are each provided at institute
Separation casing upper surface is stated, the triangle rubbing device is fixedly connected by connection end with the driving end of the double-acting cylinder, and
The triangle rubbing device upper end is slidably connected with the line slideway.
A kind of 4. high-quality strong sprout mating system of Cortex Ilicis Rotundae according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：
The triangle rubbing device includes tripod and rubbing head, and the tripod is by two swash plates and is connected to two swash plates
The transverse slat composition in centre position, is equipped with the rubbing head, three rubbings on two swash plates and the transverse slat
Head is located along the same line.
A kind of 5. high-quality strong sprout mating system of Cortex Ilicis Rotundae according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The rotating mechanism
Including screw thread rotation axle and rubbing plate, the screw thread rotation axle is horizontally installed on the separation box house, and both ends are distinguished
It is located in threaded adjusting cylinder, a horizontal rubbing plate is fixed on the screw thread rotation axle, if sets dry rub on the rubbing plate
Gear rolling.
A kind of 6. high-quality strong sprout mating system of Cortex Ilicis Rotundae according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：In the rubbing plate
The left and right sides be wholely set arc coaming plate.
A kind of 7. high-quality strong sprout mating system of Cortex Ilicis Rotundae according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（2）
Every mu of Vermicomposting applies 300kg~500kg in " sprout cultivating ".
A kind of 8. high-quality strong sprout mating system of Cortex Ilicis Rotundae according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（5）
In May~June in " top dressing ", 0.1%~0.3% calcium superphosphate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 time are sprayed every 5d；Start by the end of May every
Every 0.1% urea solution of 10d foliage-sprays 1 time；The seedling growth later stage, every the potassium dihydrogen phosphate of 10d foliage-sprays 0.3% or 0.2%~
0.3% potassium sulfate solution 1 time.
A kind of 9. high-quality strong sprout mating system of Cortex Ilicis Rotundae according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（2）
In " earthworm highly effective compost case " specifically include compost casing and be arranged on the uniform feeding case of the compost body side, heap
One rain cover sun-proof protection canopy is set on fertilizer box body and the uniform feeding case.
A kind of 10. high-quality strong sprout mating system of Cortex Ilicis Rotundae according to claim 9, it is characterised in that：The compost case
Internal top is provided with humidification device, attemperator and three-level and can adjust air-breather, and centre sets inhabitation layer, bottom to set food
Nitride layer, interface channel is set between the inhabitation layer and the food layer.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN205812714U (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-12-21 | 周宁县绿绿山农林综合开发有限公司 | A kind of Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae sarcocarp and seed segregation apparatus |
| CN206266453U (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-06-20 | 邓可妍 | A kind of perishable food waste organic resources biological treatment device |
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2017
- 2017-09-08 CN CN201710803879.7A patent/CN107509578B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN205812714U (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-12-21 | 周宁县绿绿山农林综合开发有限公司 | A kind of Ramulus et folium taxi cuspidatae sarcocarp and seed segregation apparatus |
| CN206266453U (en) * | 2016-12-05 | 2017-06-20 | 邓可妍 | A kind of perishable food waste organic resources biological treatment device |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 刘顺国: ""大叶冬青育苗"", 《中国林业》 * |
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