CN107502072B - 一种具有抗菌抑菌功效的橡胶地板的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种具有抗菌抑菌功效的橡胶地板的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107502072B
CN107502072B CN201710815431.7A CN201710815431A CN107502072B CN 107502072 B CN107502072 B CN 107502072B CN 201710815431 A CN201710815431 A CN 201710815431A CN 107502072 B CN107502072 B CN 107502072B
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戴新民
葛正兵
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CHUZHOU YUANFANG TRAVEL EQUIPMENT ENGINEERING Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种具有抗菌抑菌功效的橡胶地板的制备方法，该方法中采用低温等离子体技术对三元乙丙橡胶层进行表面改性，之后涂覆一层抗菌胶膜制备橡胶地板，所述抗菌胶膜由天然胶乳与壳聚糖组成。通过低温等离子处理在其表面引入羟基等极性基团，利用其活泼氢在橡胶层表面交联上抗菌胶膜，赋予其优异的抗菌、抑菌性能；同时天然胶乳中聚异戊二烯分子链与壳聚糖分子链互相缠结而形成交联网络，使胶膜的拉伸强度以及弹性模量升高，使产品具有优异物理性能。

Description

一种具有抗菌抑菌功效的橡胶地板的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及橡胶制品领域，具体涉及一种具有抗菌抑菌功效的橡胶地板的制备方法。
背景技术
橡胶制品具有特殊的高弹性，优异的耐磨、减震、绝缘和密封等性能，越来越受人们的欢迎，应用的领域越来越广阔。橡胶地板由于具有上述优点而逐渐步入室内和室外地面装修的行列，适用于宾馆、酒店、体育馆、会议厅、健身房、舞蹈室、卫生间等地面铺设，具有防滑、健身、美观及保护功能。
现在使用的橡胶地板由于长时间使用及茶渍、汗渍等各种污染物的浸渍，使其表面易滋生细菌影响人体健康。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种具有抗菌抑菌功效的橡胶地板的制备方法，使其在使用时不容易产生细菌。
一种具有抗菌抑菌功效的橡胶地板的制备方法，采用低温等离子体技术对三元乙丙橡胶层进行表面改性，之后涂覆一层抗菌胶膜制备橡胶地板，所述抗菌胶膜由天然胶乳与壳聚糖组成。
具体工艺步骤如下：
（1）混炼：将三元乙丙橡胶与沉淀白炭黑、硬脂酸、防老剂、硫磺、硅烷偶联剂、发泡剂、抗氧剂、阻燃剂混合投入密炼机上进行密炼，密炼温度为120-140℃，密炼时间为18-22分钟，然后在开炼机上混炼15-25分钟，开炼温度为70-80℃；
（2）延压：将上述开炼后的炼胶在三辊延压机上进行延压，控制胶片厚度均匀一致，厚度在2-5mm，延压辊筒温度控制在85-102℃；
（3）硫化发泡：将上述经辐射交联后的胶料置于平板硫化机中进行硫化，硫化压力为3.0-5.0MPa，硫化温度在160-185℃，硫化时间为10-15分钟，得到微发泡橡胶片；
（4）低温等离子体处理：
微发泡橡胶片用体积分数95%的酒精擦拭清洗后，置于冷等离子体设备的反应室中，抽真空至2Pa；开启进气气路通入氧气，保持反应室气压稳定于30Pa；启动高频电源处理8-15分钟，关闭电源，取出样品，在空气中放置待用；
（5）制备抗菌胶膜乳液：将0.5-1份壳聚糖加入到165-220份去离子水中，于55-65℃水浴充分溶解，静置2-6小时后，过滤，得到纯化后的壳聚糖溶液，之后滴加到160-200份浓缩天然胶乳中，在氮气氛围下，以300r/min的速度进行搅拌反应2-4小时，得到均匀的白色乳液，即为抗菌胶膜乳液；
（6）将步骤（4）胶膜乳液涂覆在步骤（3）微发泡橡胶片上，待成膜、干燥后，即得抗菌型发泡橡胶地板。
其中，所述各原料组分的重量份数为：三元乙丙橡胶90-100份，硬脂酸1-2份，沉淀白炭黑15-28份，防老剂1-3份，硫磺2-4份，硅烷偶联剂2-5份，发泡剂3-9份，抗氧剂0.6-1份、阻燃剂5-10份。
其中，所述高频电源的频率为13.56MHz，功率为100W。
其中，所述浓缩天然胶乳为高氨保存的浓缩天然胶乳，固含量为60%。
其中，所述浓缩天然胶乳在使用前要先进行脱氨处理，具体步骤如下：将天然胶乳置于三口烧瓶中，使用电动搅拌器在氮气氛围下进行脱氨，转速为120-180r/min，时间为25-40分钟。
本发明有益效果如下：
本发明中采用低温等离子体技术对三元乙丙橡胶层进行表面改性，在其表面引入羟基等极性基团，利用其活泼氢与抗菌胶膜中壳聚糖分子发生氢键作用，在橡胶层表面交联上抗菌胶膜，赋予其优异的抗菌、抑菌性能；天然胶乳是天然合成的聚异戊二烯，平均每4个主链碳原子便有一个双键，双键的α-H非常活泼，容易与壳聚糖分子链上的活泼原子之间形成氢键作用，分子链互相缠结而形成交联网络，交联密度较高，胶膜的拉伸强度以及弹性模量升高，使产品具有优异物理性能。
具体实施方式
一种具有抗菌抑菌功效的橡胶地板的制备方法，采用低温等离子体技术对三元乙丙橡胶层进行表面改性，之后涂覆一层抗菌胶膜制备橡胶地板，所述抗菌胶膜由天然胶乳与壳聚糖组成。
具体工艺步骤如下：
（1）混炼：将三元乙丙橡胶与三元乙丙橡胶90份，硬脂酸2份，沉淀白炭黑23份，防老剂2份，硫磺3份，硅烷偶联剂3份，发泡剂6份，抗氧剂0.8份、阻燃剂6份混合投入密炼机上进行密炼，密炼温度为140℃，密炼时间为20分钟，然后在开炼机上混炼20分钟，开炼温度为80℃；
（2）延压：将上述开炼后的炼胶在三辊延压机上进行延压，控制胶片厚度均匀一致，厚度在4mm，延压辊筒温度控制在100℃；
（3）硫化发泡：将上述经辐射交联后的胶料置于平板硫化机中进行硫化，硫化压力为3.8MPa，硫化温度在175℃，硫化时间为10分钟，得到微发泡橡胶片；
（4）低温等离子体处理：
微发泡橡胶片用体积分数95%的酒精擦拭清洗后，置于冷等离子体设备的反应室中，抽真空至2Pa；开启进气气路通入氧气，保持反应室气压稳定于30Pa；启动高频电源（频率为13.56MHz，功率为100W）处理10分钟，关闭电源，取出样品，在空气中放置待用；
（5）制备抗菌胶膜乳液：将0.5份壳聚糖加入到170份去离子水中，于60℃水浴充分溶解，静置5小时后，过滤，得到纯化后的壳聚糖溶液，之后滴加到167份浓缩天然胶乳中，在氮气氛围下，以300r/min的速度进行搅拌反应3小时，得到均匀的白色乳液，即为抗菌胶膜乳液；
（6）将步骤（4）胶膜乳液涂覆在步骤（3）微发泡橡胶片上，待成膜、干燥后，即得抗菌型发泡橡胶地板。
其中，所述浓缩天然胶乳为高氨保存的浓缩天然胶乳，固含量为60%。
其中，所述浓缩天然胶乳在使用前要先进行脱氨处理，具体步骤如下：将天然胶乳置于三口烧瓶中，使用电动搅拌器在氮气氛围下进行脱氨，转速为140r/min，时间为30分钟。

Claims (5)

1.一种具有抗菌抑菌功效的橡胶地板的制备方法，其特征在于，采用低温等离子体技术对三元乙丙橡胶层进行表面改性，之后涂覆一层抗菌胶膜制备橡胶地板，所述抗菌胶膜由天然胶乳与壳聚糖组成；
具体工艺步骤如下：
（1）混炼：将三元乙丙橡胶与沉淀白炭黑、硬脂酸、防老剂、硫磺、硅烷偶联剂、发泡剂、抗氧剂、阻燃剂混合投入密炼机上进行密炼，密炼温度为120-140℃，密炼时间为18-22分钟，然后在开炼机上混炼15-25分钟，开炼温度为70-80℃；
（2）延压：将上述开炼后的炼胶在三辊延压机上进行延压，控制胶片厚度均匀一致，厚度在2-5mm，延压辊筒温度控制在85-102℃；
（3）硫化发泡：将上述经辐射交联后的胶料置于平板硫化机中进行硫化，硫化压力为3.0-5.0MPa，硫化温度在160-185℃，硫化时间为10-15分钟，得到微发泡橡胶片；
（4）低温等离子体处理：
微发泡橡胶片用体积分数95%的酒精擦拭清洗后，置于冷等离子体设备的反应室中，抽真空至2Pa；开启进气气路通入氧气，保持反应室气压稳定于30Pa；启动高频电源处理8-15分钟，关闭电源，取出样品，在空气中放置待用；
（5）制备抗菌胶膜乳液：将0.5-1份壳聚糖加入到165-220份去离子水中，于55-65℃水浴充分溶解，静置2-6小时后，过滤，得到纯化后的壳聚糖溶液，之后滴加到160-200份浓缩天然胶乳中，在氮气氛围下，以300r/min的速度进行搅拌反应2-4小时，得到均匀的白色乳液，即为抗菌胶膜乳液；
（6）将步骤（5）胶膜乳液涂覆在步骤（4）微发泡橡胶片上，待成膜、干燥后，即得抗菌型发泡橡胶地板。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有抗菌抑菌功效的橡胶地板的制备方法，其特征在于，所述各原料组分的重量份数为：三元乙丙橡胶90-100份，硬脂酸1-2份，沉淀白炭黑15- 28份，防老剂1-3份，硫磺2-4份，硅烷偶联剂2-5份，发泡剂3-9份，抗氧剂0.6-1份、阻燃剂5-10份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有抗菌抑菌功效的橡胶地板的制备方法，其特征在于，所述高频电源的频率为13.56MHz，功率为100W。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有抗菌抑菌功效的橡胶地板的制备方法，其特征在于，所述浓缩天然胶乳为高氨保存的浓缩天然胶乳，固含量为60%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有抗菌抑菌功效的橡胶地板的制备方法，其特征在于，所述浓缩天然胶乳在使用前要先进行脱氨处理，具体步骤如下：将天然胶乳置于三口烧 瓶中，使用电动搅拌器在氮气氛围下进行脱氨，转速为120-180r/min，时间为25-40分钟。
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