CN107501855A - 一种高韧酚醛泡沫防火保温板 - Google Patents

一种高韧酚醛泡沫防火保温板 Download PDF

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CN107501855A
CN107501855A CN201710827045.XA CN201710827045A CN107501855A CN 107501855 A CN107501855 A CN 107501855A CN 201710827045 A CN201710827045 A CN 201710827045A CN 107501855 A CN107501855 A CN 107501855A
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李明亮
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JINZHOU HOWAR INSULATION MATERIAL Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种高韧酚醛泡沫防火保温板，属于属于建筑节能材料技术领域。该保温板采用下述原料按重量份数配制而成：热固性酚醛树脂55~85份；重氮氨基苯或N,N‑二亚硝基五次甲基四胺15~25份；联二脲1~10份；硼砂3~8份；带有‑NCO基团的高聚物或一缩二乙二醇(二甘醇)8‑15份；聚氧乙烯蓖麻油1‑10份；氟硅酸钠与氧化锌1:1（质量比）混合物5‑15份；苯甲酸或月桂酸3‑15份。该保温板由于配比合理，韧性大，安全性高，成品趋于中性，在外墙外保温施工中，可采用普通聚合物水泥干粉砂浆即可，不必使用专用干粉砂浆。

Description

一种高韧酚醛泡沫防火保温板
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑外墙用酚醛泡沫防火保温板，属于建筑节能材料技术领域。
背景技术
酚醛泡沫保温板是以热固性酚醛树脂为主体原料，加入表面活性剂，以环戊烷等低沸点有机类溶剂为发泡剂，在酸性催化剂作用下，将各组分充分混合后，在60Cº~75Cº的温度下发泡、固化成型。酚醛泡沫保温板具有以下不足：1 韧性小，脆性大，易断裂、易掉粉；2 采用低沸点的环烷系（环戊烷、环己烷、环丁烷等）有机溶剂为发泡剂，运输注意安全，使用经济上浪费，生产后严格控制酚醛泡沫保温板陈化时间，否则降低防火等级；3 酚醛泡沫保温板有一定低酸性，外墙外保温应用须采用专用粘结与抹面砂浆。
发明内容
为了解决上述存在的技术问题，本发明提供一种配比合理，韧性大，安全性高，成品趋于中性的高韧增强酚醛泡沫防火保温板。
本发明的目的是通过下述技术方案实现的：一种高韧酚醛泡沫防火保温板，其特征在于，由以下原料按重量份数配制而成；热固性酚醛树脂55~85份；重氮氨基苯或N,N-二亚硝基五次甲基四胺15~25份；联二脲1~10份；硼砂3~8份；带有-NCO基团的高聚物或一缩二乙二醇8-15份；聚氧乙烯蓖麻油1-10份；质量比为1:1氟硅酸钠与氧化锌混合物5-15份；苯甲酸或月桂酸3-15份。
一种高韧酚醛泡沫防火保温板的制备方法，步骤如下：
1） 按重量份数，将热固性酚醛树脂、重氮氨基苯或N,N-二亚硝基五次甲基四胺、联二脲、硼砂、带有-NCO基团的高聚物或一缩二乙二醇、聚氧乙烯蓖麻油预混为混合物A；
2）按重量份数，将质量比1:1比例的氟硅酸钠与氧化锌混合溶液，苯甲酸或月桂酸，预混为混合物B；
3）将步骤1）、步骤2）预混的得到的混合物A、混合物B，同时加入搅拌系统，发泡料搅拌状态下浇注到恒温链板，链板温度在75~90℃范围内，发泡组分发泡、固化成酚醛泡沫保温板。
本发明的有益效果：本发明采用常规热固性酚醛树脂为主体原料，采用重氮氨基苯和N,N-二亚硝基五次甲基四胺的固体化学产品为发泡剂，通过加入氧化锌、联二脲、对其固体化学发泡剂进行活化后，可降低分解温度，加快发泡过程。使用该类发泡剂生产过程方便安全、环保。酚醛保温板陈化时间短，导热系数低，不降低酚醛泡沫保温板防火等级。采用硼砂为发泡助剂，调解发泡剂的分解速度，并使发泡剂稳定。 发泡组分中利用多苯基多亚基多异氰酸酯与四氢呋喃聚合物多元醇、三聚氰胺聚合物多元醇等，在一定温度下聚合而成带有-NCO基团的高聚物，可与酚醛树脂在发泡组分中进行交联反应，增加主链上分子量，能够大大增加聚合物的弹性分子链段，即增加柔性链段，使酚醛泡沫增加弹性。当适量填加一缩二乙二醇对酚醛泡沫增塑的同时，又起到提高酚醛泡沫柔性作用；采用聚氧乙烯蓖麻油作为匀泡剂；氟硅酸钠与氧化锌并用，作为固化剂，月桂酸、苯甲酸即是发泡助剂，也是泡沫固化剂。将氟硅酸钠、氧化锌与月桂酸或苯甲酸混合使用，具有复合作用。本发明酚醛树脂泡沫合成中，采用非酸性固化剂，固化后的酚醛树脂泡沫显示中性，在外墙外保温施工中，可采用普通聚合物水泥干粉砂浆即可，不必使用专用干粉砂浆。
具体实施方式
实施例1：一种高韧酚醛泡沫防火保温板，由以下原料按重量份数配制而成；热固性酚醛树脂55份；重氮氨基苯25份；联二脲10份；硼砂3份；一缩二乙二醇(二甘醇)15份；聚氧乙烯蓖麻油5份；质量比1:1的氟硅酸钠与氧化锌混合物10份；苯甲酸8份。
采用该配比制备酚醛泡沫防火保温板的过程如下：
1） 按重量份数，将热固性酚醛树脂、重氮氨基苯、联二脲、硼砂、一缩二乙二醇(二甘醇)、聚氧乙烯蓖麻油预混为混合物A；
2）按重量份数，将苯甲酸、质量比1:1比例的氟硅酸钠与氧化锌混合溶液，预混为混合物B
3）将步骤1）、步骤2）预混的得到的混合物A、混合物B，同时加入搅拌系统，发泡料搅拌状态下浇注到恒温链板，链板温度在75~90℃范围内，发泡组分发泡、固化成酚醛泡沫保温板。
实施例2：一种高韧酚醛泡沫防火保温板，由以下原料按重量份数配制而成；热固性酚醛树脂80份； N,N-二亚硝基五次甲基四胺20份；联二脲5份；硼砂3份；一缩二乙二醇(二甘醇)8份；聚氧乙烯蓖麻油10份；质量比1:1的氟硅酸钠与氧化锌混合物10份；月桂酸5份。
采用该配比制备酚醛泡沫防火保温板的过程如下：
1） 按重量份数，将热固性酚醛树脂、N,N-二亚硝基五次甲基四胺、联二脲、硼砂、一缩二乙二醇(二甘醇)、聚氧乙烯蓖麻油预混为混合物A；
2）按重量份数，将月桂酸、质量比1:1比例的氟硅酸钠与氧化锌混合溶液，预混为混合物B
3）将步骤1）、步骤2）预混的得到的混合物A、混合物B，同时加入搅拌系统，发泡料搅拌状态下浇注到恒温链板，链板温度在75~90℃范围内，发泡组分发泡、固化成酚醛泡沫保温板。
实施例3：一种高韧酚醛泡沫防火保温板，由以下原料按重量份数配制而成；热固性酚醛树脂70份；重氮氨基苯20份；联二脲8份；硼砂3份；带有-NCO基团的高聚物8份；聚氧乙烯蓖麻油3份；质量比1:1的氟硅酸钠与氧化锌混合物5份；月桂酸5份。
采用该配比制备酚醛泡沫防火保温板的过程如下：
1） 按重量份数，将热固性酚醛树脂、重氮氨基苯或N,N-二亚硝基五次甲基四胺、联二脲、硼砂、带有-NCO基团的高聚物、聚氧乙烯蓖麻油预混为混合物A；
2）按重量份数，将月桂酸、质量比1:1比例的氟硅酸钠与氧化锌混合溶液，预混为混合物B
3）将步骤1）、步骤2）预混的得到的混合物A、混合物B，同时加入搅拌系统，发泡料搅拌状态下浇注到恒温链板，链板温度在75~90℃范围内，发泡组分发泡、固化成酚醛泡沫保温板。
将上述实施例制备得到的高韧酚醛泡沫防火保温板进行性能检验，结果如下：
（1）剖开酚醛保温板，泡孔均匀，手感柔软。
（2）技术性能指标达到国家行业标准（JG/T515-2017）和辽宁省地方标准（DB21/T2171-2013）技术要求，见表1.
表1试验结果技术性能比较
（3）按辽宁省地方标准（DB21/T2171-2013）规定，酚醛泡沫板在自然条件下陈化不少于21天，才是技术性能的稳定状态，可以应用。
本发明酚醛泡沫板在自然条件下只陈化7天开始测试，各项指标都在合格范围合格，其中pH值达到6.7-7.2。

Claims (2)

1.一种高韧酚醛泡沫防火保温板，其特征在于，由以下原料按重量份数配制而成；热固性酚醛树脂55~85份；重氮氨基苯或N,N-二亚硝基五次甲基四胺15~25份；联二脲1~10份；硼砂3~8份；带有-NCO基团的高聚物或一缩二乙二醇8-15份；聚氧乙烯蓖麻油1-10份；质量比为1:1氟硅酸钠与氧化锌混合物5-15份；苯甲酸或月桂酸3-15份。
2.如权利要求1所述一种高韧酚醛泡沫防火保温板的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤如下：
1） 按重量份数，将热固性酚醛树脂、重氮氨基苯或N,N-二亚硝基五次甲基四胺、联二脲、硼砂、带有-NCO基团的高聚物或一缩二乙二醇、聚氧乙烯蓖麻油预混为混合物A；
2）按重量份数，将质量比1:1比例的氟硅酸钠与氧化锌混合溶液，苯甲酸或月桂酸，预混为混合物B；
3）将步骤1）、步骤2）预混的得到的混合物A、混合物B，同时加入搅拌系统，发泡料搅拌状态下浇注到恒温链板，链板温度在75~90℃范围内，发泡组分发泡、固化成酚醛泡沫保温板。
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Application publication date: 20171222