CN107494150A - A kind of cumquat set plants the implantation methods of white flower Ageratum conyzoides and Trifolium repense - Google Patents
A kind of cumquat set plants the implantation methods of white flower Ageratum conyzoides and Trifolium repense Download PDFInfo
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- CN107494150A CN107494150A CN201710884391.1A CN201710884391A CN107494150A CN 107494150 A CN107494150 A CN 107494150A CN 201710884391 A CN201710884391 A CN 201710884391A CN 107494150 A CN107494150 A CN 107494150A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C5/00—Fertilisers containing other nitrates
- C05C5/02—Fertilisers containing other nitrates containing sodium or potassium nitrate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
- C05G5/23—Solutions
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight
Abstract
The present invention provides the implantation methods that a kind of cumquat set plants white flower Ageratum conyzoides and Trifolium repense, is related to planting technology field, its implantation methods comprises the following steps：(1) selection of land and site preparation, the plantation of (two) cumquat, the plantation of (three) Trifolium repense, the plantation of (four) white flower Ageratum conyzoides；By planting Ageratum conyzoides under mandarin tree, spread amblyseius as predatory mite, go to prey on the red spider on mandarin tree, it is not required to spray medicine deinsectization, in addition, also by interplanting Trifolium repense in the winter time, Trifolium repense has rhizobium, soil nutrient can be significantly improved, have to coming year plantation Ageratum conyzoides and be obviously promoted its accretion, the present invention, which covers cumquat, plants white flower Ageratum conyzoides and Trifolium repense, solves the problems, such as red spider disease, the harm of soil fertility deficiency and heavy metal pollution of soil is drastically reduce the area simultaneously, improves the economic benefit of long-term cropping.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to planting technology field, and in particular to a kind of cumquat set plants the plantation side of white flower Ageratum conyzoides and Trifolium repense
Method.
【Background technology】
The affiliated composite family of white flower Ageratum conyzoides (Compositae), ageratum Cirsium (Ageratum), in China Guangdong, Guangxi, good fortune
Found a capital, the ground such as Yunnan is distributed, be annual herb plant, plant about 40-80 centimetres, turnsole, stem is upright, complete stool
There is close hair to be distributed.
Cumquat, alias gold bullet also known as golden mandarin orange, category Rutaceae, cumquat category, its fruit is golden yellow, tool delicate fragrance, fruit-growing time compared with
It is long, it is fabulous sight fruit flowers.It both preferably made it is potted plant view and admire and potted landscape, while its taste sweet and sour taste has multi-party nutritive value.
Cumquat Common Diseases are based on red spider, cumquat red spider, are distributed in each cumquat producing region of China, with into mite, young mite, deutonymph cluster
Blade, tender tip, juice harm is inhaled on pericarp, be led to fallen leaves, shedding, attach most importance to especially so that blade is aggrieved, the killed dense canescence pin in blade face
Big dot, notably full leaf is greyish white, tarnishes, and causes to come off eventually, has a strong impact on tree vigo(u)r and yield.Currently the majority cumquat orchard
For red spider, all take chemical agent to spray, both not environmentally, harm easily is produced to peasant's body again when peasant sprays.
【The content of the invention】
In view of this, the plantation side for planting white flower Ageratum conyzoides and Trifolium repense is covered object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cumquat
Method, by planting Ageratum conyzoides under mandarin tree, amblyseius as predatory mite is spread, go to prey on the red spider on mandarin tree, be not required to spray medicine
Deinsectization, in addition, also by interplanting Trifolium repense in the winter time, Trifolium repense has rhizobium, can significantly improve soil nutrient, to coming year kind
Ageratum conyzoides is planted with its accretion is obviously promoted, and the present invention, which covers cumquat, plants white flower Ageratum conyzoides and Trifolium repense, solves red spider
The problem of spider disease, while the harm of soil fertility deficiency and heavy metal pollution of soil is drastically reduce the area, improve plantation
The economic benefit of crop.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, present invention employs following technical scheme：
A kind of cumquat set plants the implantation methods of white flower Ageratum conyzoides and Trifolium repense, comprises the following steps：
(1) selection of land and site preparation
Select soil layer is deep, draining is good, the inclined sand of quality, it is leeward on the sunny side and the gradient is less than 15 ° of southern hillside fields block, planting
Preceding 1-2 menstruation is ploughed deeply plough after addition soil conditioner soil pH value is adjusted to 5.5-6.5, according to length and width, deep be respectively
50-80cm, 50-80cm, 20-25cm dig planting pit, and the distance on two neighboring planting pit cave side is 1.5-2.2m；And digging
Substrate fertilizer is applied in planting pit；
(2) plantation of cumquat
(1) planting seedlings：10-12h first carries out watering wetting to planting pit before field planting, puts cumquat seedling into after wetting and determines
In plant hole, filled with Nutrition Soil, the thickness filled to Nutrition Soil carries out carrying Miao Shugen when being 20-30cm, then proceedes to use nutrition
Soil is filled, until filling up planting pit, is periodically watered after filling up planting pit, the humidity for keeping soil is 60-70%；Institute
It is 4-6 according to mass ratio that Nutrition Soil, which is stated, by soil, sesame paste slag and bone dust fertilizer:1-2:1 is mixed to get, and the soil is in frying pan
The soil of frying；
(2) field management：Apply for the cumquat seedling after field planting and match somebody with somebody Hefei, it is described to include spring tip rudiment fertilizer with Hefei, protect
Fertilizer after spending steady fruit fertilizer, Fruit fertilizer and adopting；The application time of the spring tip rudiment fertilizer is 10-15 days before the germination of the spring tip；It is described
Guarantor spends steady fruit fertilizer respectively to apply once within forward and backward 7-10 days in first time physiological fallen fruit and second of physiological fallen fruit；The Fruit
Fertilizer germinates each application in forward and backward 10-15 days once in autumn growth；Described adopt latter fertile 7-10 days after fruit picking applies once；The spring tip
Rudiment fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Biogas slurry 40-50 parts, urea 20-30 parts, calcium superphosphate 15-20 parts, ammonium hydrogen carbonate
16-20 parts, sodium nitrate 10-15 parts, nitrobacteria 2-4 parts and water 20-30 parts, its fertilization mode are every mu of spray 40-60kg；
(3) plantation of Trifolium repense
A. sow：Ground weeds are removed totally in 8-10 months, scarifying topsoil, by the seed of Trifolium repense, it is placed on
3-4 hours are irradiated under sunlight, are then placed in immersion 2-4 hours in salt solution, the seed for soaking salt solution is taken out, is put into distilled water
Middle immersion 3-5 hours, then by the seed pulled out, rhizobium and sand according to 1-2：0.1-0.3：4-6 ratio is well mixed,
Sand water content is 15-25%；Then the seed after mixing is seeded under kumkwat mandarin tree, retained centered on tree root during sowing
Radius is 60-100cm Qing Geng areas, and seed dosage is 1.5-2kg/ mus, after planting pours permeable, and keeps the humidity of soil to be
65-85%；
B. water and fertilizer management：After emergence, use urea, shrimp powder and brewer's yeast according to mass ratio for 2-3：1-2：1
The mixed fertilizer that is mixed to get of ratio applied fertilizer for the first time；Applied afterwards every 16-18 days in the root of seedling trench digging and match somebody with somebody Hefei, and
Root out plant surrounding weeds；It is described with Hefei by compost 30-50 parts by weight, tea bran 16-32 parts by weight, barnyard manure 40-50 parts by weight,
After bone dust fertilizer 16-32 parts by weight and human and animal excreta 15-27 parts by weight are well mixed, the straw in its surface cover, then ferment 8-
It is made within 12 days；
C. gather in, bury：When Trifolium repense grows into initial bloom stage, above-ground plant parts is carried out to cradle for the first time；Wait to plant
During strain continued growth to strain and existing bud, above-ground plant parts is cradled for the second time；Cradle toothing 3-6cm every time；Treat
Plant continued growth, by plant entirety from removal, is then covered on soil to full-bloom stage, treats its complete decomposition；
(4) plantation of white flower Ageratum conyzoides
1. sow：The Trifolium repense after decomposition in step (3) is mixed to dig with soil in mid-April and mixed thoroughly, will the white careless leaves of pulse plants
Fragrant Ji seed is sowed after mixing native ash under kumkwat mandarin tree, then covers 1-2cm soil；Retain during sowing centered on tree root
Radius be 60-100cm or so Qing Geng areas, now seed dosage is 1-2kg/ mus；
2. field management：Other weeds are removed it is clean, after white careless Ageratum conyzoides into after covered ground pattern, you can as mandarin orange
The good host of the natural enemy of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum spider.
In the present invention, further, barnyard manure by 30-50 parts by weight of substrate fertilizer in the step (1), 25-35 weight
The tea seed cake, the river sand of 20-30 parts by weight, the pig manure of 15-25 parts by weight, the rice bran of 15-25 parts by weight and 10-15 parts by weight of part
Animals urine it is well mixed after in temperature be 30-40 DEG C, humidity is fermented 15-20 days under conditions of being 55-65% to be obtained.
In the present invention, further, the guarantor in the step (2) spends steady fruit fertilizer to be made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Natural pond
Slag 30-50 parts, cake fertilizer 16-24 parts, Chinese medicine remain slag 12-18 parts, potassium superphosphate 8-16 parts, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 10-15 parts, bone dust fertilizer
12-18 parts and soil fungicides 2-6 parts.
In the present invention, further, the Fruit fertilizer in the step (2) is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：People
Animal manure just 30-50 parts, tea oil residule 18-24 parts, potassium chloride 5-10 parts, plant ash 10-15 parts, peanut meal 15-20 parts and potassium nitrate
5-10 parts.
In the present invention, further, the rear fertilizer of adopting in the step (2) is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Wheat Straw
Stalk 30-50 parts, compost 20-30 parts, calcium magnesium phosphate 25-30 parts, nitrobacteria 2-4 parts and calcium hydroxide 10-20 parts.
In the present invention, further, the salt solution in the step (3) be by mass ratio be 1:400-500 salt and water
It is mixed to get.
In the present invention, further, the step of field management of the step (2) also includes pruning, specifically such as
Under：1-2 trims fixed dry, the healthy and strong 4-5 of the growing way that will be evenly distributed before spring tip rudiment at the high 25-35cm of limb after field planting
Individual branch is as major branch, and remaining is erased, and late May when long branch is to 11-15cm, is cut top, late July to 8 for the second time
The first tenday period of a month moon carry out third time and cut top, and cutting back processing should be carried out in time to excessive growth branch.
In the present invention, because it is found that the Natural Enemies of cumquat red spider are amblyseius as predatory mite, and Ageratum conyzoides is the master of amblyseius as predatory mite
Host is wanted, breeds Ageratum conyzoides in cumquat garden, amblyseius as predatory mite will breed, then cut off Ageratum conyzoides and directly hang over gold on grass
On tangerine branch, allow amblyseius as predatory mite to spread, go to prey on red spider.When the quantity of amblyseius as predatory mite and red spider reaches certain proportion, it is not required to
Spray insecticide worm, amblyseius as predatory mite can control the harm of red spider, can greatly save planting cost, and meet green ecological
Environmental protection concept, the cumquat for planting to obtain is green safe, harmless.
In summary, by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1. the implantation methods of the present invention, by planting Ageratum conyzoides under mandarin tree, spread amblyseius as predatory mite, go to prey on mandarin tree
On red spider, be not required to spray medicine deinsectization, safety is natural, and cost is low, and effect is good, further, since Ageratum conyzoides is annual
Crop, it is impossible to survive the winter, and the fertility improvement degree to soil is inadequate, therefore the implantation methods of the present invention are white by interplanting in the winter time
Three leaves, the heavy metal that Trifolium repense can absorb in growth course, is accumulated in soil, by periodically gather in aerial part, periodically
Under ground portion is harvested, circulation plantation is several times, you can reaching reduces the purpose of heavy metal content in soil, in addition, Trifolium repense has root
Knurl bacterium, soil nutrient can be significantly improved, have to coming year plantation Ageratum conyzoides and be obviously promoted its accretion, plantation side of the invention
Method is covered by cumquat plants white flower Ageratum conyzoides and Trifolium repense, solves the problems, such as red spider disease, while drastically reduce the area soil
The harm of fertilizer efficiency deficiency and heavy metal pollution of soil, improve the economic benefit of long-term cropping.
2. the implantation methods of the present invention are dug before cumquat plantation to plot, dig planting pit and apply and bury substrate fertilizer, energy
Enough concentrate rich water and irrigate saving fertilizer, in addition, the Nutrition Soil for filling seedling is soil, sesame paste slag and the bone meal of frying
The mixture of fertilizer, frying is carried out to soil can kill its harmful microorganism, and increase beneficial microbe, can protect seedling while promote
Enter seedling healthy growth, in the field management stage of cumquat, first on fertilizer, divide four-stage to be applied fertilizer, for cumquat
Different growth characteristic of each period, there is provided the fertilizer of heterogeneity, coordinate scientific and reasonable applying mode so that cumquat growth is fast
Fast health, the cumquat quality for planting out is high, secondly in red spider disease control, because host's amblyseius as predatory mite of Ageratum conyzoides is red
The natural enemy of spider, the present invention plant Ageratum conyzoides using being trapped in kumkwat mandarin tree so that Ageratum conyzoides breeds in cumquat garden, and amblyseius as predatory mite will be
Breeding is got up on Ageratum conyzoides grass, and amblyseius as predatory mite is diffused on kumkwat mandarin tree, goes to prey on red spider, the effect of preventing and treating red spider is reached with this
Fruit.
【Embodiment】
The following examples can help those skilled in the art that the present invention is more fully understood, but cannot be with any
Mode limits the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment provides the implantation methods that a kind of cumquat set plants white flower Ageratum conyzoides and Trifolium repense, comprises the following steps：
(1) selection of land and site preparation
Select soil layer is deep, draining is good, the inclined sand of quality, it is leeward on the sunny side and the gradient is less than 15 ° of southern hillside fields block, planting
Preceding 1 menstruation is ploughed deeply plough after addition soil conditioner soil pH value is adjusted to 5.5, according to length and width, it is deep be respectively 50cm,
50cm, 20cm dig planting pit, and the distance on two neighboring planting pit cave side is 1.5m；And apply substrate in the planting pit dug
Fertilizer；Wherein, substrate fertilizer by the barnyard manure of 30 parts by weight, the tea seed cake of 25 parts by weight, the river sand of 20 parts by weight, 15 parts by weight pig
In temperature it is 30 DEG C after the animals urine of excrement, the rice bran of 15 parts by weight and 10 parts by weight is well mixed, humidity is 55% condition
Lower fermentation obtains for 15 days；
(2) plantation of cumquat
(1) planting seedlings：10h first carries out watering wetting to planting pit before field planting, and cumquat seedling is put into field planting after wetting
In cave, filled with Nutrition Soil, the thickness filled to Nutrition Soil carries out carrying Miao Shugen when being 20cm, then proceedes to be carried out with Nutrition Soil
Landfill, until filling up planting pit, periodically watered after filling up planting pit, the humidity for keeping soil is 60%；The Nutrition Soil
By soil, sesame paste slag and bone dust fertilizer according to mass ratio be 4:1:1 is mixed to get, and the soil is the mud of the frying in frying pan
Soil；
(2) field management：Apply for the cumquat seedling after field planting and match somebody with somebody Hefei, it is described to include spring tip rudiment fertilizer with Hefei, protect
Fertilizer after spending steady fruit fertilizer, Fruit fertilizer and adopting；The application time of the spring tip rudiment fertilizer is 10 days before the germination of the spring tip；It is described to protect flower
Steady fruit fertilizer respectively applies once for forward and backward 7 days in first time physiological fallen fruit and second of physiological fallen fruit；The Fruit fertilizer is in autumn growth
Each application in forward and backward 10 days germinate once；Fertilizer applies once for 7 days after fruit picking after adopting；After field planting 1 year before spring tip rudiment, Yu Zhi
It is fixed dry to do trimming at high 25cm, 4 healthy and strong branches of the growing way that will be evenly distributed are as major branch, and remaining is erased, and late May is in branch
When length is to 11cm, top is cut for the second time, and late July to early August carries out third time and cuts top, excessive growth branch should be carried out in time
Cutting back processing；Wherein, spring tip rudiment fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：40 parts of biogas slurry, 20 parts of urea, calcium superphosphate 15
20 parts of part, 16 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 10 parts of sodium nitrate, 2 parts of nitrobacteria and water, its fertilization mode are every mu of spray 40kg；Protect flower
Steady fruit fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：30 parts of biogas residue, 16 parts of cake fertilizer, Chinese medicine remain 12 parts of slag, 8 parts of potassium superphosphate, carbonic acid
2 parts of 10 parts of hydrogen ammonium, 12 parts of bone dust fertilizer and soil fungicides；Fruit fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Human and animal excreta
5 parts of 30 parts, 18 parts of tea oil residule, 5 parts of potassium chloride, 10 parts of plant ash, 15 parts of peanut meal and potassium nitrate；Fertilizer is by following parts by weight after adopting
Raw material composition：10 parts of 30 parts of wheat stalk, 20 parts of compost, 25 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 2 parts of nitrobacteria and calcium hydroxide；
(3) plantation of Trifolium repense
A. sow：Ground weeds are removed totally in August part, scarifying topsoil, by the seed of Trifolium repense, it is placed on sun
Irradiated 3 hours under light, be then placed in salt solution and soak 2 hours, the seed for soaking salt solution taken out, salt solution is to be by mass ratio
1:400 salt and water is mixed to get, and is then placed in distilled water and is soaked 3 hours, then by the seed pulled out, rhizobium and sand
Son is according to 1：0.1：4 ratio is well mixed, and sand water content is 15%；Then the seed after mixing is seeded in kumkwat mandarin tree
Under, the radius retained during sowing centered on tree root is 60cm Qing Geng areas, and seed dosage is 1.5kg/ mus, is after planting irrigated
Water, and keep soil humidity be 65%；
B. water and fertilizer management：After emergence, use urea, shrimp powder and brewer's yeast according to mass ratio for 2：1：1 ratio
The mixed fertilizer that example is mixed to get is applied fertilizer for the first time；Applied afterwards every 16 days in the root of seedling trench digging and match somebody with somebody Hefei, and root out plant
Strain surrounding weeds；The Hefei of matching somebody with somebody is by the parts by weight of compost 30, the parts by weight of tea bran 16, the parts by weight of barnyard manure 40, the parts by weight of bone dust fertilizer 16
After being well mixed with the parts by weight of human and animal excreta 15, the straw in its surface cover, then ferment 8 days and be made；
C. gather in, bury：When Trifolium repense grows into initial bloom stage, above-ground plant parts is carried out to cradle for the first time；Wait to plant
During strain continued growth to strain and existing bud, above-ground plant parts is cradled for the second time；Cradle toothing 3cm every time；Wait to plant
Strain continued growth, by plant entirety from removal, is then covered on soil to full-bloom stage, treats its complete decomposition；
(4) plantation of white flower Ageratum conyzoides
1. sow：The Trifolium repense after decomposition in step (3) is mixed to dig with soil in mid-April and mixed thoroughly, will the white careless leaves of pulse plants
Fragrant Ji seed is sowed after mixing native ash under kumkwat mandarin tree, then covers 1cm soil；Retain during sowing centered on tree root
Radius is 60cm or so Qing Geng areas, and now seed dosage is 1kg/ mus；
2. field management：Other weeds are removed it is clean, after white careless Ageratum conyzoides into after covered ground pattern, you can as mandarin orange
The good host of the natural enemy of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum spider.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment provides the implantation methods that a kind of cumquat set plants white flower Ageratum conyzoides and Trifolium repense, comprises the following steps：
(1) selection of land and site preparation
Select soil layer is deep, draining is good, the inclined sand of quality, it is leeward on the sunny side and the gradient is less than 15 ° of southern hillside fields block, planting
Preceding 1 menstruation is ploughed deeply plough after addition soil conditioner soil pH value is adjusted to 6.0, according to length and width, it is deep be respectively 65cm,
65cm, 22cm dig planting pit, and the distance on two neighboring planting pit cave side is 1.8m；And apply substrate in the planting pit dug
Fertilizer；Wherein, substrate fertilizer by the barnyard manure of 40 parts by weight, the tea seed cake of 30 parts by weight, the river sand of 25 parts by weight, 20 parts by weight pig
In temperature it is 35 DEG C after the animals urine of excrement, the rice bran of 20 parts by weight and 12 parts by weight is well mixed, humidity is 60% condition
Lower fermentation obtains for 17 days；
(2) plantation of cumquat
(1) planting seedlings：11h first carries out watering wetting to planting pit before field planting, and cumquat seedling is put into field planting after wetting
In cave, filled with Nutrition Soil, the thickness filled to Nutrition Soil carries out carrying Miao Shugen when being 25cm, then proceedes to be carried out with Nutrition Soil
Landfill, until filling up planting pit, periodically watered after filling up planting pit, the humidity for keeping soil is 65%；The Nutrition Soil
By soil, sesame paste slag and bone dust fertilizer according to mass ratio be 5:2:1 is mixed to get, and the soil is the mud of the frying in frying pan
Soil；
(2) field management：Apply for the cumquat seedling after field planting and match somebody with somebody Hefei, it is described to include spring tip rudiment fertilizer with Hefei, protect
Fertilizer after spending steady fruit fertilizer, Fruit fertilizer and adopting；The application time of the spring tip rudiment fertilizer is 12 days before the germination of the spring tip；It is described to protect flower
Steady fruit fertilizer respectively applies once for forward and backward 8 days in first time physiological fallen fruit and second of physiological fallen fruit；The Fruit fertilizer is in autumn growth
Each application in forward and backward 12 days germinate once；Fertilizer applies once for 8 days after fruit picking after adopting；After field planting 2 years before spring tip rudiment, Yu Zhi
It is fixed dry to do trimming at high 30cm, 4 healthy and strong branches of the growing way that will be evenly distributed are as major branch, and remaining is erased, and late May is in branch
When length is to 13cm, top is cut for the second time, and late July to early August carries out third time and cuts top, excessive growth branch should be carried out in time
Cutting back processing；Wherein, spring tip rudiment fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：45 parts of biogas slurry, 25 parts of urea, calcium superphosphate 17
25 parts of part, 18 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 12 parts of sodium nitrate, 3 parts of nitrobacteria and water, its fertilization mode are every mu of spray 50kg；Protect flower
Steady fruit fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：40 parts of biogas residue, 20 parts of cake fertilizer, Chinese medicine remain 15 parts of slag, 12 parts of potassium superphosphate, carbonic acid
4 parts of 12 parts of hydrogen ammonium, 15 parts of bone dust fertilizer and soil fungicides；Fruit fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Human and animal excreta
7 parts of 40 parts, 20 parts of tea oil residule, 7 parts of potassium chloride, 12 parts of plant ash, 17 parts of peanut meal and potassium nitrate；Fertilizer is by following parts by weight after adopting
Raw material composition：15 parts of 40 parts of wheat stalk, 25 parts of compost, 27 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 3 parts of nitrobacteria and calcium hydroxide；
(3) plantation of Trifolium repense
A. sow：Ground weeds are removed totally in September part, scarifying topsoil, by the seed of Trifolium repense, it is placed on sun
Irradiated 3.5 hours under light, be then placed in salt solution and soak 3 hours, the seed for soaking salt solution taken out, salt solution is by mass ratio
For 1:450 salt and water is mixed to get, and is then placed in distilled water and is soaked 4 hours, then by the seed pulled out, rhizobium and
Sand is according to 1：0.2：5 ratio is well mixed, and sand water content is 20%；Then the seed after mixing is seeded in kumkwat mandarin tree
Under, the radius retained during sowing centered on tree root is 80cm Qing Geng areas, and seed dosage is 1.7kg/ mus, is after planting irrigated
Water, and keep soil humidity be 75%；
B. water and fertilizer management：After emergence, use urea, shrimp powder and brewer's yeast according to mass ratio for 2：1：1 ratio
The mixed fertilizer that example is mixed to get is applied fertilizer for the first time；Applied afterwards every 17 days in the root of seedling trench digging and match somebody with somebody Hefei, and root out plant
Strain surrounding weeds；The Hefei of matching somebody with somebody is by the parts by weight of compost 40, the parts by weight of tea bran 23, the parts by weight of barnyard manure 45, the parts by weight of bone dust fertilizer 23
After being well mixed with the parts by weight of human and animal excreta 21, the straw in its surface cover, then ferment 10 days and be made；
C. gather in, bury：When Trifolium repense grows into initial bloom stage, above-ground plant parts is carried out to cradle for the first time；Wait to plant
During strain continued growth to strain and existing bud, above-ground plant parts is cradled for the second time；Cradle toothing 5cm every time；Wait to plant
Strain continued growth, by plant entirety from removal, is then covered on soil to full-bloom stage, treats its complete decomposition；
(4) plantation of white flower Ageratum conyzoides
1. sow：The Trifolium repense after decomposition in step (3) is mixed to dig with soil in mid-April and mixed thoroughly, will the white careless leaves of pulse plants
Fragrant Ji seed is sowed after mixing native ash under kumkwat mandarin tree, then covers 1.5cm soil；Retain during sowing centered on tree root
Radius be 80cm or so Qing Geng areas, now seed dosage is 1.5kg/ mus；
2. field management：Other weeds are removed it is clean, after white careless Ageratum conyzoides into after covered ground pattern, you can as mandarin orange
The good host of the natural enemy of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum spider.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment provides the implantation methods that a kind of cumquat set plants white flower Ageratum conyzoides and Trifolium repense, comprises the following steps：
(1) selection of land and site preparation
Select soil layer is deep, draining is good, the inclined sand of quality, it is leeward on the sunny side and the gradient is less than 15 ° of southern hillside fields block, planting
Preceding 2 menstruations are ploughed deeply plough after addition soil conditioner soil pH value is adjusted to 6.5, according to length and width, it is deep be respectively 80cm,
80cm, 25cm dig planting pit, and the distance on two neighboring planting pit cave side is 2.2m；And apply substrate in the planting pit dug
Fertilizer；Wherein, substrate fertilizer by the barnyard manure of 50 parts by weight, the tea seed cake of 35 parts by weight, the river sand of 30 parts by weight, 25 parts by weight pig
In temperature it is 40 DEG C after the animals urine of excrement, the rice bran of 25 parts by weight and 15 parts by weight is well mixed, humidity is 65% condition
Lower fermentation obtains for 20 days；
(2) plantation of cumquat
(1) planting seedlings：12h first carries out watering wetting to planting pit before field planting, and cumquat seedling is put into field planting after wetting
In cave, filled with Nutrition Soil, the thickness filled to Nutrition Soil carries out carrying Miao Shugen when being 30cm, then proceedes to be carried out with Nutrition Soil
Landfill, until filling up planting pit, periodically watered after filling up planting pit, the humidity for keeping soil is 70%；The Nutrition Soil
By soil, sesame paste slag and bone dust fertilizer according to mass ratio be 6:2:1 is mixed to get, and the soil is the mud of the frying in frying pan
Soil；
(2) field management：Apply for the cumquat seedling after field planting and match somebody with somebody Hefei, it is described to include spring tip rudiment fertilizer with Hefei, protect
Fertilizer after spending steady fruit fertilizer, Fruit fertilizer and adopting；The application time of the spring tip rudiment fertilizer is 15 days before the germination of the spring tip；It is described to protect flower
Steady fruit fertilizer respectively applies once for forward and backward 10 days in first time physiological fallen fruit and second of physiological fallen fruit；The Fruit fertilizer is in the autumn
The tip germinates each application in forward and backward 15 days once；Fertilizer applies once for 10 days after fruit picking after adopting；After field planting 2 years before spring tip rudiment, in
Trim at the high 35cm of limb and do calmly, 5 healthy and strong branches of the growing way that will be evenly distributed are as major branch, and remaining is erased, and late May is dividing
Branch it is long to 15cm when, cut top for the second time, the progress of late July to early August cuts top for the third time, and excessive growth branch should be entered in time
The processing of row cutting back；Wherein, spring tip rudiment fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：50 parts of biogas slurry, 30 parts of urea, calcium superphosphate 20
30 parts of part, 20 parts of ammonium hydrogen carbonate, 15 parts of sodium nitrate, 4 parts of nitrobacteria and water, its fertilization mode are every mu of spray 60kg；Protect flower
Steady fruit fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：50 parts of biogas residue, 24 parts of cake fertilizer, Chinese medicine remain 18 parts of slag, 16 parts of potassium superphosphate, carbonic acid
6 parts of 15 parts of hydrogen ammonium, 18 parts of bone dust fertilizer and soil fungicides；Fruit fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Human and animal excreta
10 parts of 50 parts, 24 parts of tea oil residule, 10 parts of potassium chloride, 15 parts of plant ash, 20 parts of peanut meal and potassium nitrate；Fertilizer is by following weight after adopting
The raw material composition of part：20 parts of 50 parts of wheat stalk, 30 parts of compost, 30 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 4 parts of nitrobacteria and calcium hydroxide；
(3) plantation of Trifolium repense
A. sow：Ground weeds are removed totally in October, scarifying topsoil, by the seed of Trifolium repense, it is placed on sun
Irradiated 4 hours under light, be then placed in salt solution and soak 4 hours, the seed for soaking salt solution taken out, salt solution is to be by mass ratio
1:500 salt and water is mixed to get, and is then placed in distilled water and is soaked 5 hours, then by the seed pulled out, rhizobium and sand
Son is according to 2：0.3：6 ratio is well mixed, and sand water content is 25%；Then the seed after mixing is seeded in kumkwat mandarin tree
Under, the radius retained during sowing centered on tree root is 100cm Qing Geng areas, and seed dosage is 2kg/ mus, after planting pour it is permeable,
And keep soil humidity be 85%；
B. water and fertilizer management：After emergence, use urea, shrimp powder and brewer's yeast according to mass ratio for 3：2：1 ratio
The mixed fertilizer that example is mixed to get is applied fertilizer for the first time；Applied afterwards every 18 days in the root of seedling trench digging and match somebody with somebody Hefei, and root out plant
Strain surrounding weeds；The Hefei of matching somebody with somebody is by the parts by weight of compost 50, the parts by weight of tea bran 32, the parts by weight of barnyard manure 50, the parts by weight of bone dust fertilizer 32
After being well mixed with the parts by weight of human and animal excreta 27, the straw in its surface cover, then ferment 12 days and be made；
C. gather in, bury：When Trifolium repense grows into initial bloom stage, above-ground plant parts is carried out to cradle for the first time；Wait to plant
During strain continued growth to strain and existing bud, above-ground plant parts is cradled for the second time；Cradle toothing 6cm every time；Wait to plant
Strain continued growth, by plant entirety from removal, is then covered on soil to full-bloom stage, treats its complete decomposition；
(4) plantation of white flower Ageratum conyzoides
1. sow：The Trifolium repense after decomposition in step (3) is mixed to dig with soil in mid-April and mixed thoroughly, will the white careless leaves of pulse plants
Fragrant Ji seed is sowed after mixing native ash under kumkwat mandarin tree, then covers 2cm soil；Retain during sowing centered on tree root
Radius is 100cm or so Qing Geng areas, and now seed dosage is 2kg/ mus；
2. field management：Other weeds are removed it is clean, after white careless Ageratum conyzoides into after covered ground pattern, you can as mandarin orange
The good host of the natural enemy of Exocarpium Citri Rubrum spider.
The present invention spreads amblyseius as predatory mite, goes to prey on the red spider on mandarin tree, no by planting Ageratum conyzoides under mandarin tree
Medicine deinsectization need to be sprayed, safety is natural, and cost is low, and effect is good, further, since Ageratum conyzoides is annual crop, it is impossible to survive the winter,
And the fertility improvement degree to soil is inadequate, therefore the implantation methods of the present invention are existed by interplanting Trifolium repense, Trifolium repense in the winter time
The heavy metal for caning absorb, being accumulated in soil in growth course, by periodically gathering in aerial part, periodically harvesting under ground portion,
Circulation plantation is several times, you can reaching reduces the purpose of heavy metal content in soil, in addition, Trifolium repense has rhizobium, can significantly change
Kind soil nutrient, have to coming year plantation Ageratum conyzoides and be obviously promoted its accretion, implantation methods of the invention pass through cumquat set
Plant white flower Ageratum conyzoides and Trifolium repense, solve the problems, such as red spider disease, at the same drastically reduce the area soil fertility deficiency and
The harm of heavy metal pollution of soil, improve the economic benefit of long-term cropping.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments,
On the basis of the present invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Cause
This, these modifications or improvements, belong to the scope of protection of present invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of cumquat set plants the implantation methods of white flower Ageratum conyzoides and Trifolium repense, it is characterised in that comprises the following steps：
(1) selection of land and site preparation
Select soil layer is deep, draining is good, the inclined sand of quality, it is leeward on the sunny side and the gradient is less than 15 ° of southern hillside fields block, 1- before planting
2 menstruations are ploughed deeply plough after addition soil conditioner soil pH value is adjusted to 5.5-6.5, according to length and width, it is deep be respectively 50-
80cm, 50-80cm, 20-25cm dig planting pit, and the distance on two neighboring planting pit cave side is 1.5-2.2m；And determine what is dug
Substrate fertilizer is applied in plant hole；
(2) plantation of cumquat
(1) planting seedlings：10-12h first carries out watering wetting to planting pit before field planting, and cumquat seedling is put into planting pit after wetting
In, filled with Nutrition Soil, the thickness filled to Nutrition Soil carries out carrying Miao Shugen when being 20-30cm, then proceedes to be entered with Nutrition Soil
Row landfill, until filling up planting pit, is periodically watered, the humidity for keeping soil is 60-70% after filling up planting pit；The battalion
It is 4-6 according to mass ratio that soil, which is supported, by soil, sesame paste slag and bone dust fertilizer:1-2:1 is mixed to get, and the soil is the frying in frying pan
The soil crossed；
(2) field management：Match somebody with somebody Hefei for the cumquat seedling application after field planting, it is described to include spring tip rudiment fertilizer with Hefei, protect and spend surely
Fruit fertilizer, Fruit are fertile and adopt rear fertilizer；The application time of the spring tip rudiment fertilizer is 10-15 days before the germination of the spring tip；It is described to protect flower
Steady fruit fertilizer respectively applies once for forward and backward 7-10 days in first time physiological fallen fruit and second of physiological fallen fruit；The Fruit fertilizer exists
Autumn growth germinates each application in forward and backward 10-15 days once；Described adopt latter fertile 7-10 days after fruit picking applies once；
The spring tip rudiment fertilizer is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Biogas slurry 40-50 parts, urea 20-30 parts, calcium superphosphate 15-
20 parts, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 16-20 parts, sodium nitrate 10-15 parts, nitrobacteria 2-4 parts and water 20-30 parts, its fertilization mode are every mu
Spray 40-60kg；
(3) plantation of Trifolium repense
A. sow：Ground weeds are removed totally in 8-10 months, scarifying topsoil, by the seed of Trifolium repense, it is placed on sunlight
Lower irradiation 3-4 hours, immersion 2-4 hours in salt solution are then placed in, the seed for soaking salt solution is taken out, is put into distilled water and soaks
3-5 hours are steeped, then by the seed pulled out, rhizobium and sand according to 1-2：0.1-0.3：4-6 ratio is well mixed, sand
Water content is 15-25%；Then the seed after mixing is seeded under kumkwat mandarin tree, the radius centered on tree root is retained during sowing
For 60-100cm Qing Geng areas, seed dosage is 1.5-2kg/ mus, after planting pours permeable, and it is 65- to keep the humidity of soil
85%；
B. water and fertilizer management：After emergence, use urea, shrimp powder and brewer's yeast according to mass ratio for 2-3：1-2：1 ratio
The mixed fertilizer that example is mixed to get is applied fertilizer for the first time；Applied afterwards every 16-18 days in the root of seedling trench digging and match somebody with somebody Hefei, and rooted out
Plant surrounding weeds；The Hefei of matching somebody with somebody is by compost 30-50 parts by weight, tea bran 16-32 parts by weight, barnyard manure 40-50 parts by weight, bone meal
After fertile 16-32 parts by weight and human and animal excreta 15-27 parts by weight are well mixed, the straw in its surface cover, then ferment 8-12 days
It is made；
C. gather in, bury：When Trifolium repense grows into initial bloom stage, above-ground plant parts is carried out to cradle for the first time；Plant to be planted after
It is continuous when growing to strain and existing bud, above-ground plant parts is cradled for the second time；Cradle toothing 3-6cm every time；Plant to be planted
Continued growth, by plant entirety from removal, is then covered on soil to full-bloom stage, treats its complete decomposition；
(4) plantation of white flower Ageratum conyzoides
1. sow：The Trifolium repense after decomposition in step (3) is mixed to dig with soil in mid-April and mixed thoroughly, will white careless Ageratum conyzoides
Seed is sowed after mixing native ash under kumkwat mandarin tree, then covers 1-2cm soil；Retain half centered on tree root during sowing
Footpath is 60-100cm or so Qing Geng areas, and now seed dosage is 1-2kg/ mus；
2. field management：Other weeds are removed it is clean, after white careless Ageratum conyzoides into after covered ground pattern, you can red as citrus
The good host of the natural enemy of spider.
2. a kind of cumquat set according to claim 1 plants the implantation methods of white flower Ageratum conyzoides and Trifolium repense, it is characterised in that
Substrate fertilizer in the step (1) by the barnyard manure of 30-50 parts by weight, the tea seed cake of 25-35 parts by weight, 20-30 parts by weight river
In temperature after the animals urine of sand, the pig manure of 15-25 parts by weight, the rice bran of 15-25 parts by weight and 10-15 parts by weight is well mixed
For 30-40 DEG C, humidity is fermented 15-20 days under conditions of being 55-65% to be obtained.
3. a kind of cumquat set according to claim 1 plants the implantation methods of white flower Ageratum conyzoides and Trifolium repense, it is characterised in that
Guarantor in the step (2) spends steady fruit fertilizer to be made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Biogas residue 30-50 parts, cake fertilizer 16-24 parts, Chinese medicine
Surplus slag 12-18 parts, potassium superphosphate 8-16 parts, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 10-15 parts, bone dust fertilizer 12-18 parts and soil fungicides 2-6 parts.
4. a kind of cumquat set according to claim 1 plants the implantation methods of white flower Ageratum conyzoides and Trifolium repense, it is characterised in that
Fruit fertilizer in the step (2) is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Human and animal excreta 30-50 parts, tea oil residule 18-24
Part, potassium chloride 5-10 parts, plant ash 10-15 parts, peanut meal 15-20 parts and potassium nitrate 5-10 parts.
5. a kind of cumquat set according to claim 1 plants the implantation methods of white flower Ageratum conyzoides and Trifolium repense, it is characterised in that
Rear fertilizer of adopting in the step (2) is made up of the raw material of following parts by weight：Wheat stalk 30-50 parts, compost 20-30 parts, calcium and magnesium
Phosphate fertilizer 25-30 parts, nitrobacteria 2-4 parts and calcium hydroxide 10-20 parts.
6. a kind of cumquat set according to claim 1 plants the implantation methods of white flower Ageratum conyzoides and Trifolium repense, it is characterised in that
Salt solution in the step (3) be by mass ratio be 1:400-500 salt and water is mixed to get.
7. a kind of cumquat set according to claim 1 plants the implantation methods of white flower Ageratum conyzoides and Trifolium repense, the step
(2) field management also includes the step of pruning, specific as follows：1-2 is before spring tip rudiment after field planting, in limb height
Trim at 25-35cm and do calmly, 4-5 healthy and strong branch of the growing way that will be evenly distributed is as major branch, and remaining is erased, and late May is dividing
Branch it is long to 11-15cm when, cut top for the second time, late July to early August carries out cutting top for the third time, excessive growth branch is answered and
The processing of Shi Jinhang cutting backs.
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| CN111406597A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-07-14 | 江安县康园农业开发有限公司 | Citrus orchard flower growing cultivation method |
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