CN107474855A - A kind of composite for restoration of the ecosystem and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of composite for restoration of the ecosystem and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN107474855A CN107474855A CN201710777018.6A CN201710777018A CN107474855A CN 107474855 A CN107474855 A CN 107474855A CN 201710777018 A CN201710777018 A CN 201710777018A CN 107474855 A CN107474855 A CN 107474855A
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- ageratum conyzoides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of composite for restoration of the ecosystem and its preparation method and application, the composite includes according to the raw material of parts by weight：31 39 parts of apatite, 7 15 parts of tetraethyl orthosilicate, 15 25 parts of chitosan, 42 50 parts of Ageratum conyzoides, 13 21 parts of Tea Polyphenols.Ageratum conyzoides is crushed, adds acetum heating stirring, supersound process, filtering, the obtained Ageratum conyzoides processed material of concentration；Apatite is crushed, mixed with teos solution, heats obtained mixture A；Mixture B is made in chitosan and aqueous citric acid solution Hybrid Heating；Ageratum conyzoides processed material, mixture A, mixture B, Tea Polyphenols are mixed evenly, produced.The present invention improves germination percentage, survival rate and the restoration of the ecosystem in the mine rate of plant, can adsorb and absorb the heavy metal that can not dissociate in soil, can effectively improve the soil in Abandoned Land of Mine, heavy metal pollution soil, hillside fields etc..
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to conservation technology field, specifically a kind of composite and its preparation side for restoration of the ecosystem
Method and application.
Background technology
The mankind unreasonably develop, using causing the natural ecological environments such as forest, grassland to be destroyed, so that the mankind,
Animal, the life condition of plant deteriorate；Such as：Soil erosion, desertification of land, the salinization of soil, bio-diversity are reduced
Etc..Consequence caused by environmental disruption, which generally requires long time, to be recovered, and some are even irreversible.Main life
State problem is as follows：It is extensive by the exceeded caused contaminated area of agricultural product in serious soil pollution area of China, wherein heavy metal-polluted
Dye account for 80%.The exceeding standard rate of heavy metal Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd and Cr etc. accounts for 10% in grain；Urban environment matter is known as by people
Measure in excellent park there is also emphatically heavy metal pollution of soil.Further, since the land area dug up mine and discarded increases year by year
Add, the Abandoned Land of Mine of large area not only reduces available land resource, while also region environment is generated all
More negative effects.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of composite for restoration of the ecosystem and its preparation method and application, with solution
The problem of being proposed in certainly above-mentioned background technology.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of composite for restoration of the ecosystem, include according to the raw material of parts by weight：Apatite 31-39 parts, positive silicic acid
Ethyl ester 7-15 parts, chitosan 15-25 parts, Ageratum conyzoides 42-50 parts, Tea Polyphenols 13-21 parts.
As the further scheme of the present invention：The composite for restoration of the ecosystem, according to the raw material bag of parts by weight
Include：Apatite 33-37 parts, tetraethyl orthosilicate 9-13 parts, chitosan 18-22 parts, Ageratum conyzoides 44-48 parts, Tea Polyphenols 15-19 parts.
As the further scheme of the present invention：The composite for restoration of the ecosystem, according to the raw material bag of parts by weight
Include：35 parts of apatite, 11 parts of tetraethyl orthosilicate, 20 parts of chitosan, 46 parts of Ageratum conyzoides, 17 parts of Tea Polyphenols.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of the composite for restoration of the ecosystem, including following step
Suddenly：
1) Ageratum conyzoides crushed, cross 100-150 mesh sieves, then added the acetum of 4-5 times of its quality, then heat to
55-60 DEG C and heating stirring 50-60min at such a temperature, 15-20min is then ultrasonically treated, filters to take filtrate, and be concentrated into
The 10-15% of its volume, Ageratum conyzoides processed material is made；
2) ethanol of 4-5 times of tetraethyl orthosilicate and its quality is mixed, teos solution is made；By floats
Broken, mistake 100-150 mesh sieves, then mix 1-1.2h with teos solution, are then heated to 63-65 DEG C and in the temperature
The lower stir process 0.5-0.7h of degree；Mixture A is made；
3) aqueous citric acid solution that the mass concentration of 3-4 times of chitosan and its quality is 22-25% is mixed, be heated to
75-80 DEG C, and stir process 45-50min at such a temperature, then heat to 95-98 DEG C, and stir process 1- at such a temperature
1.2h, mixture B is made；
4) Ageratum conyzoides processed material, mixture A, mixture B, Tea Polyphenols are mixed evenly, produced.
As the further scheme of the present invention：In step 1), the mass concentration of acetum is 30-35%.
As the further scheme of the present invention：In step 1), the solvent of acetum is water.
As the further scheme of the present invention：In step 1), ultrasonic power 1000W.
As the further scheme of the present invention：In step 2), mixing speed 220-250r/min.
As the further scheme of the present invention：In step 3), mixing speed 250-280r/min.
Another object of the present invention is to provide application of the composite in restoration of the ecosystem.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The present invention is provided comprehensive nutrition for plant growth, had using composite made from above-mentioned raw materials and technique
There are good gas permeability and retentiveness, improve germination percentage, survival rate and the restoration of the ecosystem in the mine rate of plant, can adsorb
The heavy metal that can not dissociate in soil is received, can effectively improve the soil in Abandoned Land of Mine, heavy metal pollution soil, hillside fields etc.
Earth.Raw material of the present invention is simple and easy to get, and preparation technology is simple, easy to control, easy to operate, significant effect, suitable for industrialized production.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described,
Obviously, described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based in the present invention
Embodiment, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, all
Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
In the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of composite for restoration of the ecosystem, including following raw material：Apatite 31kg, just
Silester 7kg, chitosan 15kg, Ageratum conyzoides 42kg, Tea Polyphenols 13kg.
Ageratum conyzoides is crushed, crosses 100 mesh sieves, then adds the acetum of 4 times of its quality, the solvent of acetum is
Water, the mass concentration of acetum is 30%.55 DEG C and at such a temperature heating stirring 50min are then heated to, it is then ultrasonic
15min is handled, ultrasonic power 1000W, filters to take filtrate, and is concentrated into the 10% of its volume, Ageratum conyzoides processed material is made.Will
The ethanol of 4 times of tetraethyl orthosilicate and its quality mixes, and teos solution is made；Apatite is crushed, crosses 100 mesh sieves, so
1h is mixed with 220r/min mixing speed with teos solution afterwards, 63 DEG C is then heated to and stirs at such a temperature
Mix processing 0.5h；Mixture A is made.The aqueous citric acid solution that 3 times of mass concentration of chitosan and its quality is 22% is mixed,
It is heated to 75 DEG C, and at such a temperature with 250r/min mixing speed stir process 45min, then heats to 95 DEG C, and
At this temperature with 250r/min mixing speed stir process 1h, mixture B is made.By Ageratum conyzoides processed material, mixture A, mix
Compound B, Tea Polyphenols are mixed evenly, and produce.
Embodiment 2
In the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of composite for restoration of the ecosystem, including following raw material：Apatite 39kg, just
Silester 15kg, chitosan 25kg, Ageratum conyzoides 50kg, Tea Polyphenols 21kg.
Ageratum conyzoides is crushed, crosses 150 mesh sieves, then adds the acetum of 5 times of its quality, the solvent of acetum is
Water, the mass concentration of acetum is 35%.60 DEG C and at such a temperature heating stirring 60min are then heated to, it is then ultrasonic
20min is handled, ultrasonic power 1000W, filters to take filtrate, and is concentrated into the 15% of its volume, Ageratum conyzoides processed material is made.Will
The ethanol of 5 times of tetraethyl orthosilicate and its quality mixes, and teos solution is made；Apatite is crushed, crosses 150 mesh sieves, so
1.2h is mixed with 250r/min mixing speed with teos solution afterwards, is then heated to 65 DEG C and at such a temperature
Stir process 0.7h；Mixture A is made.The aqueous citric acid solution that 4 times of mass concentration of chitosan and its quality is 25% is mixed
Close, be heated to 80 DEG C, and at such a temperature with 280r/min mixing speed stir process 50min, then heat to 98 DEG C, and
At such a temperature with 280r/min mixing speed stir process 1.2h, mixture B is made.By Ageratum conyzoides processed material, mixture
A, mixture B, Tea Polyphenols are mixed evenly, and produce.
Embodiment 3
In the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of composite for restoration of the ecosystem, including following raw material：Apatite 33kg, just
Silester 9kg, chitosan 18kg, Ageratum conyzoides 44kg, Tea Polyphenols 15kg.
Ageratum conyzoides is crushed, crosses 150 mesh sieves, then adds the acetum of 4.5 times of its quality, the solvent of acetum is
Water, the mass concentration of acetum is 35%.60 DEG C and at such a temperature heating stirring 55min are then heated to, it is then ultrasonic
20min is handled, ultrasonic power 1000W, filters to take filtrate, and is concentrated into the 15% of its volume, Ageratum conyzoides processed material is made.Will
The ethanol of 4.5 times of tetraethyl orthosilicate and its quality mixes, and teos solution is made；Apatite is crushed, crosses 150 mesh sieves,
Then 1.1h is mixed with 250r/min mixing speed with teos solution, is then heated to 65 DEG C and in the temperature
Lower stir process 0.6h；Mixture A is made.The citric acid for being 25% by 3.5 times of mass concentration of chitosan and its quality is water-soluble
Liquid mixes, and is heated to 78 DEG C, and then heat to 98 at such a temperature with 280r/min mixing speed stir process 48min
DEG C, and mixture B is made with 280r/min mixing speed stir process 1.1h at such a temperature.By Ageratum conyzoides processed material, mix
Compound A, mixture B, Tea Polyphenols are mixed evenly, and produce.
Embodiment 4
In the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of composite for restoration of the ecosystem, including following raw material：Apatite 37kg, just
Silester 13kg, chitosan 22kg, Ageratum conyzoides 48kg, Tea Polyphenols 19kg.
Ageratum conyzoides is crushed, crosses 150 mesh sieves, then adds the acetum of 4.5 times of its quality, the solvent of acetum is
Water, the mass concentration of acetum is 35%.60 DEG C and at such a temperature heating stirring 55min are then heated to, it is then ultrasonic
20min is handled, ultrasonic power 1000W, filters to take filtrate, and is concentrated into the 15% of its volume, Ageratum conyzoides processed material is made.Will
The ethanol of 4.5 times of tetraethyl orthosilicate and its quality mixes, and teos solution is made；Apatite is crushed, crosses 150 mesh sieves,
Then 1.1h is mixed with 250r/min mixing speed with teos solution, is then heated to 65 DEG C and in the temperature
Lower stir process 0.6h；Mixture A is made.The citric acid for being 25% by 3.5 times of mass concentration of chitosan and its quality is water-soluble
Liquid mixes, and is heated to 78 DEG C, and then heat to 98 at such a temperature with 280r/min mixing speed stir process 48min
DEG C, and mixture B is made with 280r/min mixing speed stir process 1.1h at such a temperature.By Ageratum conyzoides processed material, mix
Compound A, mixture B, Tea Polyphenols are mixed evenly, and produce.
Embodiment 5
In the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of composite for restoration of the ecosystem, including following raw material：Apatite 35kg, just
Silester 11kg, chitosan 20kg, Ageratum conyzoides 46kg, Tea Polyphenols 17kg.
Ageratum conyzoides is crushed, crosses 150 mesh sieves, then adds the acetum of 4.5 times of its quality, the solvent of acetum is
Water, the mass concentration of acetum is 35%.60 DEG C and at such a temperature heating stirring 55min are then heated to, it is then ultrasonic
20min is handled, ultrasonic power 1000W, filters to take filtrate, and is concentrated into the 15% of its volume, Ageratum conyzoides processed material is made.Will
The ethanol of 4.5 times of tetraethyl orthosilicate and its quality mixes, and teos solution is made；Apatite is crushed, crosses 150 mesh sieves,
Then 1.1h is mixed with 250r/min mixing speed with teos solution, is then heated to 65 DEG C and in the temperature
Lower stir process 0.6h；Mixture A is made.The citric acid for being 25% by 3.5 times of mass concentration of chitosan and its quality is water-soluble
Liquid mixes, and is heated to 78 DEG C, and then heat to 98 at such a temperature with 280r/min mixing speed stir process 48min
DEG C, and mixture B is made with 280r/min mixing speed stir process 1.1h at such a temperature.By Ageratum conyzoides processed material, mix
Compound A, mixture B, Tea Polyphenols are mixed evenly, and produce.
Comparative example 1
The composite that each raw material is directly mixed to prepare, material quantity are consistent with embodiment 5.
The discarded ground of the repairing mine of embodiment 6
Chosen in Abandoned Land of Mine land occupation condition proximate region experimental field, kind plant hole is according to the specification of 1*1 rice, isosceles triangle row
Row, 700 kind plant holes are set altogether, composite made from embodiment 1-5 and comparative example 1 is uniformly sprinkling upon 10 on kind of plant hole respectively
Cm thick, often broadcast sowing 6 and stay a vacant lot as control, control group is directly sowed after kind of plant hole arranges.In above-mentioned kind of plant hole
In sow good forage alfalfa seed, each test group sows 100 kind plant holes, used under same management condition respectively
Same method is managed, and observation statistics emergence rate, death rate, counts surrounding, survey once strain after emergence every two weeks altogether day by day
Height, until 12 weeks after broadcasting.
Alfalfa is sowed in different soils matrix, it can be seen from table 1-5 results, is broadcast on the composite of embodiment 5
The alfalfa seed emergence rate of kind significantly improves, while death rate is relatively low in growing process, and leaf color is dark green, growing way is most prosperous
Contain, biomass is maximum, and recovering mine wasteland vegetation effect is best.Such as table 1-2, compared with control group, comparative example 1, using this
Composite made from invented technology can improve alfalfa seed emergence rate, and death of seedling rate is very low, and control group with it is right
Not only emergence rate is low for ratio 1, and death rate is higher.
The average emergence rate table of the different composite material of table 1 sowing vegetable seeds
| Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | Control group | Comparative example 1 | |
| Emergence rate % | 85.2 | 85.4 | 88.2 | 88.7 | 89.8 | 48.5 | 55 |
The alfalfa of table 2 broadcasts the emergence rate and death rate table of latter three weeks
| Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | Control group | Comparative example 1 | |
| Emergence rate % | 85.8 | 86.5 | 88.8 | 89.5 | 91.5 | 46.8 | 54.5 |
| Death rate % | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 15.8 | 13.2 |
The alfalfa Seedling Height (cm) of table 3
As seen from Table 3,4 weeks before growth, composite early stage of the present invention to the plant height of seedling without significant impact, from
6th week to 12 weeks, the Seedling Height through processing was apparently higher than control group and comparative example 1.
Table 4 sows the biomass (g/5 strains) of 12 weeks alfalfa seedling
Table 4 finds out, after being handled using composite of the present invention, the seedling of growth 12 weeks its biomass shows above and below the ground
Write higher than control group and comparative example 1.
The plant false indigo of table 5 average increment index table after 150 days
| Branch | Ground diameter (cm) | Width of blade (cm) | Plant height (cm) | |
| Embodiment 1 | 17 | 0.48 | 0.69 | 68 |
| Embodiment 2 | 18 | 0.49 | 0.71 | 69 |
| Embodiment 3 | 20 | 0.53 | 0.86 | 73 |
| Embodiment 4 | 21 | 0.54 | 0.87 | 75 |
| Embodiment 5 | 22 | 0.56 | 0.90 | 79 |
| Control group | 11 | 0.31 | 0.41 | 44 |
| Comparative example 1 | 13 | 0.38 | 0.48 | 52 |
Table 5 finds out that after being handled using composite of the present invention, seedling growth amount is obviously higher than control group and comparative example 1.
The repairing heavy metal pollution soil of embodiment 7
On the discarded agricultural land soil in sewage irrigation area, it is field test point to select 100 square metres of field soil, field
In the contaminated soil of testing site Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd content be respectively 1526,568,772,35.8mg/kg soil.Field test point applies
The composite 3kg of embodiment 5 (concentration be about 100mg/kg soil), carry out contaminated soil plough, it is smooth (plough, smooth soil it is thick
Spend for 15cm or so)；The seedling for high 1.5~1.8m that root 30h was soaked with 100mg/L gibberellin, planting depth are transplanted simultaneously
For 15cm, planting density is 30~40cm of spacing in the rows × 30~40cm of line-spacing.During plantation weeding once, deinsectization one of spraying insecticide
It is secondary.Processing test is carried out per two weeks to soil during plantation.Table of field test results is bright, for bamboo willow on examination soil during plantation
Limb all survives and well-grown, and after 14 months, plant height reaches 2.2-2.8m.After 14 months, trial zone different depth is taken (respectively
For 5cm, 10cm, 15cm) soil carry out hybrid test, in soil Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd concentration be respectively 91,41,101,
It is 5.2mg/kg native.Pb, Cu, Zn concentration of drawing a conclusion reach《Standard of soil environment quality (GB15618-1995)》II class standard.
Embodiment 8 is repaired domatic
It is before sowing grass seeds by duster that treated lawn plant seed, shrub species or liana seed and embodiment 5 is compound
Material and appropriate water are fully mixed, and then the domatic and rock mass for having hung up properly protecting wire net is sprayed using hydraulic sprinkle machine
Broadcast, the thickness sowed grass seeds by duster is at least 10cm.
After repairing domatic sow grass seeds by duster, seed can be sprouted within 4 days, can sprout within 15 days and finish substantially, overall bud ratio is reachable
95%.It can be fully achieved within 3 months to domatic overall covering, complete the effect repaired, and all have well in 3 years after this
Bank protection function.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment, Er Qie
In the case of without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, embodiment all should be regarded as exemplary, and be nonrestrictive, the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Profit requires rather than described above limits, it is intended that all in the implication and scope of the equivalency of claim by falling
Change is included in the present invention.
Moreover, it will be appreciated that although the present specification is described in terms of embodiments, not each embodiment is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical scheme, this narrating mode of specification is only that those skilled in the art should for clarity
Using specification as an entirety, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art
It is appreciated that other embodiment.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of composite for restoration of the ecosystem, it is characterised in that the raw material according to parts by weight includes：Apatite 31-39
Part, tetraethyl orthosilicate 7-15 parts, chitosan 15-25 parts, Ageratum conyzoides 42-50 parts, Tea Polyphenols 13-21 parts.
2. the composite according to claim 1 for restoration of the ecosystem, it is characterised in that according to the raw material bag of parts by weight
Include：Apatite 33-37 parts, tetraethyl orthosilicate 9-13 parts, chitosan 18-22 parts, Ageratum conyzoides 44-48 parts, Tea Polyphenols 15-19 parts.
3. the composite according to claim 1 for restoration of the ecosystem, it is characterised in that according to the raw material bag of parts by weight
Include：35 parts of apatite, 11 parts of tetraethyl orthosilicate, 20 parts of chitosan, 46 parts of Ageratum conyzoides, 17 parts of Tea Polyphenols.
A kind of 4. preparation method of composite for restoration of the ecosystem as described in claim 1-3 is any, it is characterised in that
Comprise the following steps：
1) Ageratum conyzoides crushed, cross 100-150 mesh sieves, then added the acetum of 4-5 times of its quality, then heat to 55-
60 DEG C and heating stirring 50-60min at such a temperature, 15-20min is then ultrasonically treated, filters to take filtrate, and is concentrated into its body
Long-pending 10-15%, Ageratum conyzoides processed material is made；
2) ethanol of 4-5 times of tetraethyl orthosilicate and its quality is mixed, teos solution is made；Apatite is crushed, mistake
100-150 mesh sieves, 1-1.2h then is mixed with teos solution, be then heated to 63-65 DEG C and at such a temperature
Stir process 0.5-0.7h；Mixture A is made；
3) aqueous citric acid solution that the mass concentration of 3-4 times of chitosan and its quality is 22-25% is mixed, is heated to 75-80
DEG C, and stir process 45-50min at such a temperature, 95-98 DEG C, and stir process 1-1.2h at such a temperature are then heated to,
Mixture B is made；
4) Ageratum conyzoides processed material, mixture A, mixture B, Tea Polyphenols are mixed evenly, produced.
5. the preparation method of the composite according to claim 4 for restoration of the ecosystem, it is characterised in that step 1)
In, the mass concentration of acetum is 30-35%.
6. the preparation method of the composite according to claim 4 for restoration of the ecosystem, it is characterised in that step 1)
In, the solvent of acetum is water.
7. the preparation method of the composite according to claim 4 for restoration of the ecosystem, it is characterised in that step 1)
In, ultrasonic power 1000W.
8. the preparation method of the composite according to claim 4 for restoration of the ecosystem, it is characterised in that step 2)
In, mixing speed 220-250r/min.
9. the preparation method of the composite according to claim 4 for restoration of the ecosystem, it is characterised in that step 3)
In, mixing speed 250-280r/min.
10. application of the composite as described in claim 1-3 is any in restoration of the ecosystem.
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| CN108326019A (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2018-07-27 | 环境保护部南京环境科学研究所 | A kind of soil remediation method based on modified attapulgite |
| CN110976503A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-04-10 | 湖南大学 | Modified attapulgite and preparation method and application thereof |
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