CN107445749A - A kind of prevention and controls of tealeaves pest and disease damage - Google Patents
A kind of prevention and controls of tealeaves pest and disease damage Download PDFInfo
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- CN107445749A CN107445749A CN201710823306.0A CN201710823306A CN107445749A CN 107445749 A CN107445749 A CN 107445749A CN 201710823306 A CN201710823306 A CN 201710823306A CN 107445749 A CN107445749 A CN 107445749A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B13/00—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials
- C05B13/02—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials from rock phosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to proportion of crop planting technical field, specifically discloses a kind of prevention and controls of tealeaves pest and disease damage.The prevention and controls of tealeaves pest and disease damage of the present invention are：It is quantitative to apply tea fertilizer and foliar fertilizer to tealeaves by certain fertilization rule；Wherein, the tea fertilizer includes following raw material components：Sheep manure, chicken manure, cow dung, plant ash, bone meal, Pea Plants, Chinese milk vetch, hairyvein agrimony, rhizome of cyrtomium, Clausena dunniana, inorganic fertilizer, zymophyte and coating agent, the foliar fertilizer include following raw material components：Amino acid, vitamin, inorganic salts, strain and auxiliary agent.The prevention and controls of tealeaves pest and disease damage of the present invention are started with from fertilizer, tealeaves are applied with preventing and treating pest and disease damage effect and being the fertilizer of environment-friendly type, so as to the purpose for having reached effective preventing and treating tealeaves pest and disease damage, having improved tea quality.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to proportion of crop planting technical field, and in particular to a kind of prevention and controls of tealeaves pest and disease damage.
【Background technology】
China is the native place of tea, plants the with a long history of tealeaves, and up to thousands of years, tea-leaf beverage is as " world three drinks greatly
One of material ", enjoys liking for people.And with the improvement of living standards, requirement of the people to tea quality also more and more higher, and
One of the main reason for influenceing tea quality is exactly tealeaves pest and disease damage, thus, the prevention and controls of tealeaves pest and disease damage are particularly important.
At present, tea grower is typically all and the pest and disease damage of tealeaves is prevented and treated using chemical pesticide, however, long-term unreasonable
The ecological environment in tea place can be not only destroyed using chemical pesticide, causes Pesticide Residues in Tea exceeded, and makes the control property of medicine of insect
Vicious circle that is increasingly stronger, being formed in preventing and treating, it is unfavorable for ecodevelopment and the sustainable development of tealeaves.
Therefore, the present invention starts with from fertilizer, and tealeaves is entered using the environmental friendly fertilizer with preventing and treating pest and disease damage effect
Row is applied, and not only can effectively prevent and treat tealeaves pest and disease damage, safe and non-toxic, improves the quality of tealeaves, and can substantially reduce chemistry
The usage amount of agricultural chemicals, beneficial to good tealeaves ecological environment is created, so as to further increase the quality of tealeaves.
【The content of the invention】
The goal of the invention of the present invention is：For above-mentioned problem, there is provided a kind of prevention and controls of tealeaves pest and disease damage.
The prevention and controls of tealeaves pest and disease damage of the present invention are started with from fertilizer, and tealeaves, which is applied, has the effect of preventing and treating pest and disease damage and to be environment-friendly
The fertilizer of type, so as to the purpose for having reached effective preventing and treating tealeaves pest and disease damage, having improved tea quality.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of prevention and controls of tealeaves pest and disease damage, its content are：In the 9-11 months, with reference to deep ploughing to tealeaves deep placement tealeaves fertilizer
Material, and every mu is applied tea fertilizer 300-350Kg；Meanwhile the 10-15d before the exploitation of each tealeaves, apply tealeaves fertilizer to tealeaves
Material, and every mu is applied tea fertilizer 15-20Kg；In addition, when spring and autumn three quarters respectively take turns tealeaves and sprout young sprout, blade face is sprayed to tealeaves
Fertilizer, and every mu is applied foliar fertilizer 40-50Kg；
Wherein, the tea fertilizer includes the raw material components of following parts by weight：Sheep manure 30-50 parts, chicken manure 10-20 parts, ox
Excrement 15-20 parts, plant ash 15-20 parts, bone meal 10-18 parts, Pea Plants 10-15 parts, Chinese milk vetch 8-15 parts, hairyvein agrimony 8-15
Part, rhizome of cyrtomium 8-15 parts, Clausena dunniana 5-10 parts, inorganic fertilizer 15-20 parts, zymophyte 18-23 parts and coating agent 40-50 parts；It is described
Zymophyte is mainly by lactic acid bacteria, Dipel, trichoderma, bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens by volume 5:4:5:
2:2 are made；The coating agent by weight, including chitosan 5-10 parts, starch 3-8 parts, bentonite 4-8 parts and ferric acetate 1-
3 parts；
The foliar fertilizer includes the raw material components of following parts by weight：Amino acid 3-5 parts, vitamin 1-5 parts, inorganic salts 1-3
Part, strain 4-9 parts and auxiliary agent 0.01-0.04 parts；The strain is mainly by Dipel, bacillus licheniformis, withered grass gemma
Bacillus and ball are satisfied muscardine by volume 3:2:4:3 are made；The auxiliary agent includes the raw material components of following parts by weight：Kaolin 2-
4 parts, bentonite 1-3 parts, yellow humic acid 1-2 parts, polyoxyethylene carboxylate 1-4 parts and fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate 1-3
Part.
Further, the tea fertilizer includes the raw material components of following parts by weight：39 parts of sheep manure, 16 parts of chicken manure, cow dung
17 parts, 18 parts of plant ash, 13 parts of bone meal, 13 parts of Pea Plants, 12 parts of Chinese milk vetch, 13 parts of hairyvein agrimony, 11 parts of rhizome of cyrtomium, Clausena dunniana
46 parts of 8 parts, 17 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 21 parts of zymophyte and coating agent；
The foliar fertilizer includes the raw material components of following parts by weight：4 parts of amino acid, 3 parts of vitamin, 2 parts of inorganic salts, strain
5 parts and 0.02 part of auxiliary agent.
Further, the inorganic fertilizer is mainly by potassium sulfate, ammonium chloride and calcium magnesium phosphate in mass ratio 3:3:2 mixing systems
Into.
Further, the tea fertilizer is mainly prepared by following methods：
(1) preparation of coating agent：By weight, each raw material components are weighed；The chitosan weighed is dissolved in acetic acid
In solution, chitosan solution is obtained；It is gelatinized after the starch weighed and water are mixed, obtains starch gelatinization liquid；The swelling that will have been weighed
Soil pulverizes and sieves 100 mesh, obtains bentonite in powder；By the chitosan solution, the starch gelatinization liquid, the bentonite in powder and acetic acid
After iron mixes to uniformly, addition glycerine, polyethylene glycol continue to stir, and are warming up to 90-95 DEG C under agitation, are added dropwise hand over successively
Join agent, stabilizer, continue to stir 10min, decompression degassing, produce the coating agent, it is standby；
(2) by weight, each raw material components of tea fertilizer are weighed；
(3) by the sweet potato weighed, Chinese milk vetch, hairyvein agrimony, rhizome of cyrtomium and Clausena dunniana co-grinding and 50 mesh that sieve, powder is obtained
Mince；The crushed material and sheep manure, duck excrement, cow dung, plant ash and bone meal are mixed to uniformly, obtain mixture；
(4) by the zymophyte weighed and wheat bran in mass ratio 1:After 4 is well mixed, admix in said mixture, stir
Uniform after fermentation 4-5d, obtains fermentate；
(5) fermentate is air-dried after being 20-23% to water content, screening, after the inorganic fertilizer that addition has weighed stirs,
Granulation, obtains fertiliser granulates；
(6) fertiliser granulates are put into the rotary drum of rotation, being dried in Zhuan Bian is preheated to the surface temperatures of fertiliser granulates and reaches
To after 50-55 DEG C, the coating agent weighed is uniformly sprayed to fertiliser granulates surface with high-pressure spray gun, dries, produces the tealeaves
Fertilizer.
Further, the foliar fertilizer is mainly prepared by following methods：
(1) preparation of auxiliary agent：By weight, each raw material components are weighed；By the kaolin weighed and bentonite point
It Jing Guo not after purification mix, pulverize and sieve 120 mesh, by gained powder and yellow humic acid, polyoxyethylene carboxylate and aliphatic acid
FMEE is well mixed, and obtains the auxiliary agent, standby；
(2) by weight, each raw material components of foliar fertilizer are weighed, and amino acid, vitamin and inorganic will have been weighed
After salt is well mixed and is dissolved in water, adjust pH to be clarified to solution, obtain nutrient solution；
(3) toward chelating agent is added in the nutrient solution, stir to after being completely dissolved, 30-40min stirred at 35-40 DEG C,
Obtain mixed liquor；
(4) toward auxiliary agent is added in the mixed liquor, pH is adjusted after stirring, strain is continuously added and is stirred until homogeneous, i.e.,
Obtain the foliar fertilizer.
Further, the mass concentration of the foliar fertilizer is 0.013-0.015%.
Further, the inorganic salts include ferrous sulfate, calcium citrate, copper sulphate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate and sulfuric acid
Magnesium.
In summary, by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
(1) tealeaves pest control method of the invention, starts with from fertilizer, using it is special have disease resistance effect and
Tealeaves is applied fertilizer for environmentally friendly tea fertilizer and foliar fertilizer, both reasonably combined, collective effects, met in nutrition
While tea growth demand, effectively the pest and disease damage of tealeaves is prevented and treated, during Jin Qing gardens on the premise of applying pesticides, greatly
The big incidence for reducing tealeaves pest and disease damage, effectively increase the quality of tealeaves；In addition, the tea fertilizer and foliar fertilizer applied
Utilization rate is high, greatly reduces the environmental caused by fertilizer loss.
(2) based on the organic fertilizer that tea fertilizer of the invention is formed with the animal wastes through everfermentation and green manure, add simultaneously
A small amount of inorganic fertilizer is added, both be combined with each other, and not only make the tea fertilizer of the present invention rich in the various battalion needed for tea growth
Element is supported, while fertilizer efficiency delays combination soon, provides a stable nutrition supply environment beneficial to for tea growth, promotes tealeaves
Growth, and the utilization rate of fertilizer is improved, and the use of chemical fertilizer is greatly reduced, beneficial to the good Agro-ecology of creation
System；Further, for the animal wastes in organic fertilizer raw material and green manure, special strain is employed to be fermented, not only
The effect of fermentation is substantially increased, the fermentation completeness of raw material is up to 100%, and each strain used in the present invention combines,
Caused metabolin and secretion can effectively suppress the growth of pathogen and kill off the insect pests, so as to reach preventing and treating tealeaves disease pest
Harmful purpose, meanwhile, hairyvein agrimony, rhizome of cyrtomium and Clausena dunniana in green manure are respectively provided with certain killing pests and suppressing bacteria effect, triplicity,
The killing pests and suppressing bacteria effect of tea fertilizer of the present invention can be further improved, so as to enhance the purpose of preventing and treating tealeaves pest and disease damage；This
Outside, the present invention carries out coating using coating agent to fertiliser granulates, effectively controls the rate of release of effective fertilizer composition, improves
The utilization rate of fertilizer (fertilizer of relatively non-coating, its usage amount reduce 33.8-35.7%), greatly reduces due to fertilizer
Environmental pollution caused by loss, and the coating agent of the present invention passes through blended cross linking by chitosan, starch, bentonite and ferric acetate
Obtain, the original component interaction of the above, be greatly improved the performance of the only film made of one-component such as chitosan, its
In, tensile strength 37.4MPa, elongation at break 95.6%, water absorption rate 96.2%, greatly improve the slow of fertilizer of the present invention
Effect is released, the nutrients accumulation leaching output after its 10d is only 15.3%, and the nutrients accumulation after the fertiliser granulates 10d without coating
Output is drenched more than 90%.In summary, tea fertilizer of the invention have it is nutritious comprehensively, it is killing pests and suppressing bacteria, nutrient slowly-released
Feature, the infringement of the growth, preventing and treating tealeaves pest and disease damage and reduction of tealeaves to environment can be effectively facilitated, be a kind of environmentally friendly
Fertilizer.
(3) foliar fertilizer of the invention is made up of amino acid, vitamin, inorganic salts, strain and auxiliary agent, and each component is mutually assisted
Tune acts on, and not only can effectively and quickly supplement the nutrient needed for tea growth, promote the growth of tealeaves, while by Su Yun
The synergy of each strain between strain made of the full muscardine of golden bacillus, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis and ball,
Caused metabolin and secretion can effectively suppress the growth of pathogen and kill off the insect pests, and by kaolin, bentonite, yellow corruption
On the one hand growing acid, polyoxyethylene carboxylate and auxiliary agent made of fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate effectively can adsorb in foliar fertilizer
Nutritional ingredient, reach nutritional ingredient sustained release effect, the adherence for the composition that on the other hand can have additional nutrients, so as to reach extend
The purpose of holdup time of the foliar fertilizer on tealeaves, to sum up, foliar fertilizer validity of the invention is strong, utilization rate is high, can effectively prevent
Control the pest and disease damage of tealeaves.
【Embodiment】
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
1. the preparation of tea fertilizer
(1) by weight, following raw materials according component is weighed：
Wherein, the zymophyte mainly conciliates starch gemma by lactic acid bacteria, Dipel, trichoderma, bacillus subtilis
Bacillus by volume 5:4:5:2:2 are made；
The inorganic fertilizer is mainly by potassium sulfate, ammonium chloride and calcium magnesium phosphate in mass ratio 3:3:2 are mixed；
The coating agent is mainly prepared by following methods：By weight, 5 parts of chitosan, 3 parts of starch, swollen is weighed
1 part of 4 parts of profit soil and ferric acetate；The chitosan weighed is dissolved in acetic acid solution, obtains chitosan solution；The starch that will have been weighed
It is gelatinized after being mixed with water, obtains starch gelatinization liquid；The bentonite weighed is pulverized and sieved into 100 mesh, obtains bentonite in powder；By the shell
After glycan solution, the starch gelatinization liquid, the bentonite in powder and ferric acetate mix to uniformly, glycerine, poly- second two are added
Alcohol continues to stir, and is warming up to 90 DEG C under agitation, and crosslinking agent, stabilizer are added dropwise successively, continues to stir 10min, decompression deaerates, i.e.,
Obtain the coating agent.
(2) by the sweet potato weighed, Chinese milk vetch, hairyvein agrimony, rhizome of cyrtomium and Clausena dunniana co-grinding and 50 mesh that sieve, powder is obtained
Mince；The crushed material and sheep manure, duck excrement, cow dung, plant ash and bone meal are mixed to uniformly, obtain mixture；
(3) by the zymophyte weighed and wheat bran in mass ratio 1:After 4 is well mixed, admix in said mixture, stir
Uniform after fermentation 4d, obtains fermentate；
(4) by fermentate air-dry be 20% to water content after, screening, add after the inorganic fertilizer that has weighed stirs, make
Grain, obtains fertiliser granulates；
(5) fertiliser granulates are put into the rotary drum of rotation, being dried in Zhuan Bian is preheated to the surface temperatures of fertiliser granulates and reaches
To after 50 DEG C, the coating agent weighed is uniformly sprayed to fertiliser granulates surface with high-pressure spray gun, is dried, produces the tealeaves fertilizer
Material.
2. the preparation of foliar fertilizer
(1) by weight, following raw materials according component is weighed：
3 parts of amino acid；1 part of vitamin；
1 part of inorganic salts；4 parts of strain；
0.01 part of auxiliary agent；
Wherein, the strain is mainly pressed by the full muscardine of Dipel, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis and ball
Volume ratio 3:2:4:3 are made；
The inorganic salts include ferrous sulfate, calcium citrate, copper sulphate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate and magnesium sulfate；
The auxiliary agent is prepared by following methods：By weight, 2 parts of kaolin, 1 part of bentonite, yellow humic are weighed
1 part of 1 part of acid, 1 part of polyoxyethylene carboxylate and fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate；By the kaolin weighed and bentonite point
It Jing Guo not after purification mix, pulverize and sieve 120 mesh, by gained powder and yellow humic acid, polyoxyethylene carboxylate and aliphatic acid
FMEE is well mixed, and obtains the auxiliary agent.
(2) it will weigh after amino acid, vitamin and inorganic salts are well mixed and are dissolved in water, adjusted pH to be clarified to solution, obtain
Nutrient solution；
(3) toward chelating agent is added in the nutrient solution, stir to after being completely dissolved, stir 30min at 35 DEG C, must mix
Liquid；
(4) toward auxiliary agent is added in the mixed liquor, pH is adjusted after stirring, strain is continuously added and is stirred until homogeneous, i.e.,
Obtain the foliar fertilizer that mass concentration is 0.013%.
3. the above-mentioned tea fertilizer prepared and foliar fertilizer are applied in the preventing and treating of tealeaves pest and disease damage of the present invention：In 9-11
Month, with reference to deep ploughing to tealeaves deep placement tea fertilizer, and every mu is applied tea fertilizer 300Kg；Meanwhile before the exploitation of each tealeaves
10d, tea fertilizer is applied to tealeaves, and every mu is applied tea fertilizer 15Kg；In addition, respectively taking turns tealeaves in spring and autumn three quarters sprouts young sprout
When, foliar fertilizer is sprayed to tealeaves, and every mu is applied foliar fertilizer 40Kg.
Embodiment 2
1. the preparation of tea fertilizer
(1) by weight, following raw materials according component is weighed：
Wherein, the zymophyte mainly conciliates starch gemma by lactic acid bacteria, Dipel, trichoderma, bacillus subtilis
Bacillus by volume 5:4:5:2:2 are made；
The inorganic fertilizer is mainly by potassium sulfate, ammonium chloride and calcium magnesium phosphate in mass ratio 3:3:2 are mixed；
The coating agent is mainly prepared by following methods：By weight, 8 parts of chitosan, 5 parts of starch, swollen is weighed
2 parts of 6 parts of profit soil and ferric acetate；The chitosan weighed is dissolved in acetic acid solution, obtains chitosan solution；The starch that will have been weighed
It is gelatinized after being mixed with water, obtains starch gelatinization liquid；The bentonite weighed is pulverized and sieved into 100 mesh, obtains bentonite in powder；By the shell
After glycan solution, the starch gelatinization liquid, the bentonite in powder and ferric acetate mix to uniformly, glycerine, poly- second two are added
Alcohol continues to stir, and is warming up to 93 DEG C under agitation, and crosslinking agent, stabilizer are added dropwise successively, continues to stir 10min, decompression deaerates, i.e.,
Obtain the coating agent.
(2) by the sweet potato weighed, Chinese milk vetch, hairyvein agrimony, rhizome of cyrtomium and Clausena dunniana co-grinding and 50 mesh that sieve, powder is obtained
Mince；The crushed material and sheep manure, duck excrement, cow dung, plant ash and bone meal are mixed to uniformly, obtain mixture；
(3) by the zymophyte weighed and wheat bran in mass ratio 1:After 4 is well mixed, admix in said mixture, stir
Uniform after fermentation 5d, obtains fermentate；
(4) by fermentate air-dry be 22% to water content after, screening, add after the inorganic fertilizer that has weighed stirs, make
Grain, obtains fertiliser granulates；
(5) fertiliser granulates are put into the rotary drum of rotation, being dried in Zhuan Bian is preheated to the surface temperatures of fertiliser granulates and reaches
To after 53 DEG C, the coating agent weighed is uniformly sprayed to fertiliser granulates surface with high-pressure spray gun, is dried, produces the tealeaves fertilizer
Material.
2. the preparation of foliar fertilizer
(1) by weight, following raw materials according component is weighed：
4 parts of amino acid；3 parts of vitamin；
2 parts of inorganic salts；5 parts of strain；
0.02 part of auxiliary agent；
Wherein, the strain is mainly pressed by the full muscardine of Dipel, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis and ball
Volume ratio 3:2:4:3 are made；
The inorganic salts include ferrous sulfate, calcium citrate, copper sulphate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate and magnesium sulfate；
The auxiliary agent is prepared by following methods：By weight, 3 parts of kaolin, 2 parts of bentonite, yellow humic are weighed
2 parts of 1.5 parts of acid, 3 parts of polyoxyethylene carboxylate and fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate；By the kaolin weighed and bentonite
Respectively by mixing after purification, 120 mesh are pulverized and sieved, by gained powder and yellow humic acid, polyoxyethylene carboxylate and fat
Sour FMEE is well mixed, and obtains the auxiliary agent.
(2) it will weigh after amino acid, vitamin and inorganic salts are well mixed and are dissolved in water, adjusted pH to be clarified to solution, obtain
Nutrient solution；
(3) toward chelating agent is added in the nutrient solution, stir to after being completely dissolved, stir 35min at 37 DEG C, must mix
Liquid；
(4) toward auxiliary agent is added in the mixed liquor, pH is adjusted after stirring, strain is continuously added and is stirred until homogeneous, i.e.,
Obtain the foliar fertilizer that mass concentration is 0.014%.
3. the above-mentioned tea fertilizer prepared and foliar fertilizer are applied in the preventing and treating of tealeaves pest and disease damage of the present invention：In 9-11
Month, with reference to deep ploughing to tealeaves deep placement tea fertilizer, and every mu is applied tea fertilizer 330Kg；Meanwhile before the exploitation of each tealeaves
12d, tea fertilizer is applied to tealeaves, and every mu is applied tea fertilizer 17Kg；In addition, respectively taking turns tealeaves in spring and autumn three quarters sprouts young sprout
When, foliar fertilizer is sprayed to tealeaves, and every mu is applied foliar fertilizer 45Kg.
Embodiment 3
1. the preparation of tea fertilizer
(1) by weight, following raw materials according component is weighed：
Wherein, the zymophyte mainly conciliates starch gemma by lactic acid bacteria, Dipel, trichoderma, bacillus subtilis
Bacillus by volume 5:4:5:2:2 are made；
The inorganic fertilizer is mainly by potassium sulfate, ammonium chloride and calcium magnesium phosphate in mass ratio 3:3:2 are mixed；
The coating agent is mainly prepared by following methods：By weight, 10 parts of chitosan, 8 parts of starch, swollen is weighed
3 parts of 8 parts of profit soil and ferric acetate；The chitosan weighed is dissolved in acetic acid solution, obtains chitosan solution；The starch that will have been weighed
It is gelatinized after being mixed with water, obtains starch gelatinization liquid；The bentonite weighed is pulverized and sieved into 100 mesh, obtains bentonite in powder；By the shell
After glycan solution, the starch gelatinization liquid, the bentonite in powder and ferric acetate mix to uniformly, glycerine, poly- second two are added
Alcohol continues to stir, and is warming up to 95 DEG C under agitation, and crosslinking agent, stabilizer are added dropwise successively, continues to stir 10min, decompression deaerates, i.e.,
Obtain the coating agent.
(2) by the sweet potato weighed, Chinese milk vetch, hairyvein agrimony, rhizome of cyrtomium and Clausena dunniana co-grinding and 50 mesh that sieve, powder is obtained
Mince；The crushed material and sheep manure, duck excrement, cow dung, plant ash and bone meal are mixed to uniformly, obtain mixture；
(3) by the zymophyte weighed and wheat bran in mass ratio 1:After 4 is well mixed, admix in said mixture, stir
Uniform after fermentation 5d, obtains fermentate；
(4) by fermentate air-dry be 23% to water content after, screening, add after the inorganic fertilizer that has weighed stirs, make
Grain, obtains fertiliser granulates；
(5) fertiliser granulates are put into the rotary drum of rotation, being dried in Zhuan Bian is preheated to the surface temperatures of fertiliser granulates and reaches
To after 55 DEG C, the coating agent weighed is uniformly sprayed to fertiliser granulates surface with high-pressure spray gun, is dried, produces the tealeaves fertilizer
Material.
2. the preparation of foliar fertilizer
(1) by weight, following raw materials according component is weighed：
5 parts of amino acid；5 parts of vitamin；
3 parts of inorganic salts；9 parts of strain；
0.04 part of auxiliary agent；
Wherein, the strain is mainly pressed by the full muscardine of Dipel, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis and ball
Volume ratio 3:2:4:3 are made；
The inorganic salts include ferrous sulfate, calcium citrate, copper sulphate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate and magnesium sulfate；
The auxiliary agent is prepared by following methods：By weight, 4 parts of kaolin, 3 parts of bentonite, yellow humic are weighed
3 parts of 2 parts of acid, 4 parts of polyoxyethylene carboxylate and fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate；By the kaolin weighed and bentonite point
It Jing Guo not after purification mix, pulverize and sieve 120 mesh, by gained powder and yellow humic acid, polyoxyethylene carboxylate and aliphatic acid
FMEE is well mixed, and obtains the auxiliary agent.
(2) it will weigh after amino acid, vitamin and inorganic salts are well mixed and are dissolved in water, adjusted pH to be clarified to solution, obtain
Nutrient solution；
(3) toward chelating agent is added in the nutrient solution, stir to after being completely dissolved, stir 40min at 40 DEG C, must mix
Liquid；
(4) toward auxiliary agent is added in the mixed liquor, pH is adjusted after stirring, strain is continuously added and is stirred until homogeneous, i.e.,
Obtain the foliar fertilizer that mass concentration is 0.015%.
3. the above-mentioned tea fertilizer prepared and foliar fertilizer are applied in the preventing and treating of tealeaves pest and disease damage of the present invention：In 9-11
Month, with reference to deep ploughing to tealeaves deep placement tea fertilizer, and every mu is applied tea fertilizer 350Kg；Meanwhile before the exploitation of each tealeaves
15d, tea fertilizer is applied to tealeaves, and every mu is applied tea fertilizer 20Kg；In addition, respectively taking turns tealeaves in spring and autumn three quarters sprouts young sprout
When, foliar fertilizer is sprayed to tealeaves, and every mu is applied foliar fertilizer 50Kg.
Compliance test result：Reached the clouds in Guangxi and select a certain tea place, and establish 3 pieces of sample plots, the tealeaves of this 3 pieces of sample plots uses
1-3 of embodiment of the present invention tealeaves pest control method is prevented and treated the pest and disease damage of tealeaves, by the experiment of 1 year, system
Meter obtains, and on the premise of using chemical pesticide during Jin Qing gardens, the tealeaves prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control effect of 3 embodiments of the above reaches
More than 95.7%, the utilization rate of fertilizer is up to more than 93.6%, therefore, it is known that tealeaves pest control method of the invention can
The effectively pest and disease damage of preventing and treating tealeaves, and the fertilizer applied is environmentally friendly fertilizer, utilization rate is high, greatly reduces fertilizer
Environmental caused by loss.
Described above is the detailed description for the present invention preferably possible embodiments, but embodiment is not limited to this hair
Bright patent claim, the equal change completed or modification change under the technical spirit suggested by all present invention, all should belong to
Cover the scope of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (7)
- A kind of 1. prevention and controls of tealeaves pest and disease damage, it is characterised in that：In the 9-11 months, with reference to deep ploughing to tealeaves deep placement tealeaves fertilizer Material, and every mu is applied tea fertilizer 300-350Kg；Meanwhile the 10-15d before the exploitation of each tealeaves, apply tealeaves fertilizer to tealeaves Material, and every mu is applied tea fertilizer 15-20Kg；In addition, when spring and autumn three quarters respectively take turns tealeaves and sprout young sprout, blade face is sprayed to tealeaves Fertilizer, and every mu is applied foliar fertilizer 40-50Kg；Wherein, the tea fertilizer includes the raw material components of following parts by weight：Sheep manure 30-50 parts, chicken manure 10-20 parts, cow dung 15- 20 parts, plant ash 15-20 parts, bone meal 10-18 parts, Pea Plants 10-15 parts, Chinese milk vetch 8-15 parts, hairyvein agrimony 8-15 parts, rhizome of cyrtomium 8-15 parts, Clausena dunniana 5-10 parts, inorganic fertilizer 15-20 parts, zymophyte 18-23 parts and coating agent 40-50 parts；The zymophyte master Will be by lactic acid bacteria, Dipel, trichoderma, bacillus subtilis and bacillus amyloliquefaciens by volume 5:4:5:2:2 are made； The coating agent by weight, including chitosan 5-10 parts, starch 3-8 parts, bentonite 4-8 parts and ferric acetate 1-3 parts；The foliar fertilizer includes the raw material components of following parts by weight：Amino acid 3-5 parts, vitamin 1-5 parts, inorganic salts 1-3 parts, bacterium Kind 4-9 parts and auxiliary agent 0.01-0.04 parts；The strain mainly by Dipel, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus subtilis and Ball is satisfied muscardine by volume 3:2:4:3 are made；The auxiliary agent includes the raw material components of following parts by weight：It is kaolin 2-4 parts, swollen Moisten native 1-3 parts, yellow humic acid 1-2 parts, polyoxyethylene carboxylate 1-4 parts and fatty acid methyl ester ethoxylate 1-3 parts.
- A kind of 2. prevention and controls of tealeaves pest and disease damage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the tea fertilizer include with The raw material components of lower parts by weight：39 parts of sheep manure, 16 parts of chicken manure, 17 parts of cow dung, 18 parts of plant ash, 13 parts of bone meal, Pea Plants 13 Part, 12 parts of Chinese milk vetch, 13 parts of hairyvein agrimony, 11 parts of rhizome of cyrtomium, 8 parts of Clausena dunniana, 17 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 21 parts of zymophyte and coating agent 46 Part；The foliar fertilizer includes the raw material components of following parts by weight：4 parts of amino acid, 3 parts of vitamin, 2 parts of inorganic salts, 5 parts of strain With 0.02 part of auxiliary agent.
- 3. the prevention and controls of a kind of tealeaves pest and disease damage according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that the inorganic fertilizer is main By potassium sulfate, ammonium chloride and calcium magnesium phosphate in mass ratio 3:3:2 are mixed.
- A kind of 4. prevention and controls of tealeaves pest and disease damage according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that the tea fertilizer master To be prepared by following methods：(1) preparation of coating agent：By weight, each raw material components are weighed；The chitosan weighed is dissolved in acetic acid solution In, obtain chitosan solution；It is gelatinized after the starch weighed and water are mixed, obtains starch gelatinization liquid；The bentonite in powder that will have been weighed 100 mesh of broken sieving, obtain bentonite in powder；The chitosan solution, the starch gelatinization liquid, the bentonite in powder and ferric acetate are mixed After conjunction is stirred until homogeneous, addition glycerine, polyethylene glycol continue to stir, and are warming up to 90-95 DEG C under agitation, and crosslinking is added dropwise successively Agent, stabilizer, continue to stir 10min, decompression degassing, produce the coating agent, it is standby；(2) by weight, each raw material components of tea fertilizer are weighed；(3) by the sweet potato weighed, Chinese milk vetch, hairyvein agrimony, rhizome of cyrtomium and Clausena dunniana co-grinding and 50 mesh that sieve, must crush Thing；The crushed material and sheep manure, duck excrement, cow dung, plant ash and bone meal are mixed to uniformly, obtain mixture；(4) by the zymophyte weighed and wheat bran in mass ratio 1:After 4 is well mixed, admix in said mixture, stir After fermentation 4-5d, obtains fermentate；(5) fermentate is air-dried after being 20-23% to water content, screening, after the inorganic fertilizer that addition has weighed stirs, system Grain, obtains fertiliser granulates；(6) fertiliser granulates are put into the rotary drum of rotation, being dried in Zhuan Bian is preheated to the surface temperatures of fertiliser granulates and reaches 50- After 55 DEG C, the coating agent weighed is uniformly sprayed to fertiliser granulates surface with high-pressure spray gun, dries, produces the tea fertilizer.
- 5. the prevention and controls of a kind of tealeaves pest and disease damage according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that the foliar fertilizer is main It is prepared by following methods：(1) preparation of auxiliary agent：By weight, each raw material components are weighed；The kaolin weighed and bentonite are passed through respectively Cross and mix after purification, pulverize and sieve 120 mesh, by gained powder and yellow humic acid, polyoxyethylene carboxylate and fatty acid methyl ester Ethoxylate is well mixed, and obtains the auxiliary agent, standby；(2) by weight, each raw material components of foliar fertilizer are weighed, and amino acid, vitamin and inorganic salts will have been weighed and mixed Close uniformly and after being dissolved in water, adjust pH to be clarified to solution, obtain nutrient solution；(3) toward chelating agent is added in the nutrient solution, stir to after being completely dissolved, stir 30-40min at 35-40 DEG C, obtain mixed Close liquid；(4) toward auxiliary agent is added in the mixed liquor, pH is adjusted after stirring, strain is continuously added and is stirred until homogeneous, produces institute State foliar fertilizer.
- 6. a kind of prevention and controls of tealeaves pest and disease damage according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the quality of the foliar fertilizer is dense Spend for 0.013-0.015%.
- 7. a kind of prevention and controls of tealeaves pest and disease damage according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the inorganic salts include sulfuric acid Ferrous iron, calcium citrate, copper sulphate, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate and magnesium sulfate.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108516906A (en) * | 2018-05-20 | 2018-09-11 | 浙江瑞珏生物科技有限公司 | Has the organic type special fertilizer for tea of prevention pest and disease damage and disinsectization performance |
| CN110498702A (en) * | 2019-08-26 | 2019-11-26 | 黑龙江世纪云天化农业科技有限公司 | A kind of root tuber tuberous vegetable special organic nutrient solution for cultivating fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN111635272A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-09-08 | 甘肃农州源生态科技有限公司 | Green and environment-friendly chemical fertilizer |
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| CN108516906A (en) * | 2018-05-20 | 2018-09-11 | 浙江瑞珏生物科技有限公司 | Has the organic type special fertilizer for tea of prevention pest and disease damage and disinsectization performance |
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| CN111635272A (en) * | 2020-04-22 | 2020-09-08 | 甘肃农州源生态科技有限公司 | Green and environment-friendly chemical fertilizer |
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Application publication date: 20171208 |