CN107445721A - A kind of stalk system fertilizer for being used to improve cucumber continuous cropping soil - Google Patents
A kind of stalk system fertilizer for being used to improve cucumber continuous cropping soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN107445721A CN107445721A CN201710857665.8A CN201710857665A CN107445721A CN 107445721 A CN107445721 A CN 107445721A CN 201710857665 A CN201710857665 A CN 201710857665A CN 107445721 A CN107445721 A CN 107445721A
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- fertilizer
- continuous cropping
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- stalk
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of soil remediation, more particularly to a kind of stalk system fertilizer for being used to improve cucumber continuous cropping soil, it is made up of agricultural crop straw, the rotten grass roots of the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge, charing rape pod shell, boric magnesium fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, actinomyces, root-rot line bacterium, verticillium dahliae fermentation.The present invention has advantages below compared with prior art：By analyzing the missing problem of cucumber continuous cropping soil in the present invention, selection and rational proportion to raw material in formula, and it is fermented under certain condition, microbial environment and the composition change of cucumber continuous cropping soil can be improved by obtaining fertilizer, combined according to the right click of the physiological growth characteristic of cucumber and inorganic microelement, heavy metal in soil can be adsorbed, reduce the absorption of crop heavy metal, reduce the loss of ASI systematic approach, solve the problems, such as that cucumber occurs in continuous cropping, it is set to can guarantee that yield and quality is unaffected after continuous cropping, remarkable in economical benefits.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of soil remediation, and in particular to a kind of stalk system for being used to improve cucumber continuous cropping soil
Fertilizer.
Background technology
Now, Protected Production of Vegetables is to develop faster industry in industrialized agriculture, it has also become the important composition of modern agriculture
Part, but because cultivated area is big, market demand product volume is big, and continuous cropping plantation is very universal, and continuous cropping obstacle is very serious, directly
The significantly decline of victual and quality is result in, continuous cropping obstacle has turned into the system as vegetable production in green house sustainable development
About one of factor, and the continuous cropping obstacle using soil-borne disease as principal character, always based on Agro-chemicals control, chemical agent is not
But there is side effect, and easily cause environmental pollution, although continuous cropping diseases can be mitigated, due to its strong toxicity, to people
The health and environment of class cause to seriously endanger, and are restricted its use；In addition, crop material is as main in production process
Byproduct, yield is big, and lacks ecological, cost-effective reuse method, even if by straw compost or directly ploughing under field
Soil, the stalk natural degradation time is longer, and transformation efficiency is undesirable, have impact on the application of succession crop, the limitation of composting conditionses, leads
Cause needs to cover a large amount of soil, can be easily destroyed the soil resource of preciousness, soil texture can't be improved, therefore, can
With to how effectively further to be studied using stalk.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to be directed to the problem of existing, there is provided a kind of stalk system for being used to improve cucumber continuous cropping soil
Fertilizer.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：A kind of stalk system fertilizer for being used to improve cucumber continuous cropping soil, bag
Include the raw material of following parts by weight：Agricultural crop straw 25-30 parts, the rotten grass roots 12-18 parts of the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge, charing rape pod shell 12-18 parts,
Boric magnesium fertilizer 4-5 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2-3 parts, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.8-1.5 parts, actinomyces 0.2-0.8 parts, root-rot line bacterium 0.3-
0.7 part, verticillium dahliae 0.2-0.4 parts；
Its preparation method is：It is stacked into after above-mentioned raw materials are mixed in fermentation vat, accumulation depth is no more than 2m, and holding water content is
35-40%, it is sealed by fermentation, when temperature reaches 65 DEG C, holding carries out turning after 6-7 days to it, adds water regulation accumulation humidity again
For 55-60%, it is again sealed off fermenting, when temperature reaches 65 DEG C, is kept for 10-12 days, obtain fermentation fertilizer.
As further improvement of these options, the charing rape pod shell Muffle furnace is in the bar that temperature is 260 DEG C
Charing 60-90 minutes obtain under part.
As further improvement of these options, the carbonization time is 75 minutes.
As further improvement of these options, the agricultural crop straw is rice straw, wheat stalk and corn stalk
Stalk is mixed to get with arbitrary proportion, using being preceding dried to water content less than 8%.
As further improvement of these options, the rotten grass roots of the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge is that the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge is handled 12 days by glyphosate
Afterwards, rotten root is dug out to produce.
As further improvement of these options, the application method of the stalk system fertilizer is the 15-20 before cucumber is planted
It uses, after planting soil is ploughed deeply into 15-20cm, by its with plough deeply soil uniformly mix after, pour permeable.
As further improvement of these options, the usage amount of the stalk system fertilizer is 12-20kg/ mus.
The present invention has advantages below compared with prior art：Asked in the present invention by analyzing the missing of cucumber continuous cropping soil
Topic, selection and rational proportion to raw material in formula, and it is fermented under certain condition, Huang can be improved by obtaining fertilizer
Microbial environment and the composition change of melon continuous cropping soil, according to the physiological growth characteristic of cucumber and the right click of inorganic microelement
With reference to, heavy metal in soil can be adsorbed, the absorption of crop heavy metal is reduced, reduces the loss of ASI systematic approach, solution
The problem of cucumber occurs in continuous cropping, effectively prevent the generation of cucumber fusarium axysporum, while can aid in cultivation Healthy Seedlings of Cucumber,
It is set to can guarantee that yield and quality is unaffected after continuous cropping, remarkable in economical benefits.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of stalk system fertilizer for being used to improve cucumber continuous cropping soil, include the raw material of following parts by weight：28 parts of agricultural crop straw, perfume
15 parts of the rotten grass roots of monkshood, 15 parts of charing rape pod shell, 4.5 parts of boric magnesium fertilizer, 2.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1.2 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate,
0.4 part of actinomyces, 0.4 part of root-rot line bacterium, 0.3 part of verticillium dahliae；
Its preparation method is：It is stacked into after above-mentioned raw materials are mixed in fermentation vat, accumulation depth is no more than 2m, and holding water content is
35-40%, it is sealed by fermentation, when temperature reaches 65 DEG C, holding carries out turning after 6-7 days to it, adds water regulation accumulation humidity again
For 55-60%, it is again sealed off fermenting, when temperature reaches 65 DEG C, is kept for 10-12 days, obtain fermentation fertilizer.
Wherein, the charing rape pod shell Muffle furnace is carbonized 75 minutes under conditions of being 260 DEG C in temperature and obtained.
Wherein, the agricultural crop straw is rice straw, wheat stalk and maize straw with weight ratio 2:1:3 mixing,
Water content is dried to before use less than 8%.
Wherein, the rotten grass roots of the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge is after the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge is handled 12 days by glyphosate, to dig out rotten root and produce.
Wherein, the application method of the stalk system fertilizer is to use for 15 days before cucumber is planted, and planting soil is ploughed deeply into 20cm
Afterwards, by its with plough deeply soil uniformly mix after, pour permeable；The usage amount of the stalk system fertilizer is 15kg/ mus.
Embodiment 2
A kind of stalk system fertilizer for being used to improve cucumber continuous cropping soil, include the raw material of following parts by weight：25 parts of agricultural crop straw, perfume
18 parts of the rotten grass roots of monkshood, 12 parts of charing rape pod shell, 4 parts of boric magnesium fertilizer, 3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.8 part of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, unwrapping wire
0.2 part of bacterium, 0.3 part of root-rot line bacterium, 0.4 part of verticillium dahliae；
Its preparation method is：It is stacked into after above-mentioned raw materials are mixed in fermentation vat, accumulation depth is no more than 2m, and holding water content is
35-40%, it is sealed by fermentation, when temperature reaches 65 DEG C, holding carries out turning after 6-7 days to it, adds water regulation accumulation humidity again
For 55-60%, it is again sealed off fermenting, when temperature reaches 65 DEG C, is kept for 10-12 days, obtain fermentation fertilizer.
Wherein, the charing rape pod shell Muffle furnace is carbonized 60 minutes under conditions of being 260 DEG C in temperature and obtained.
Embodiment 3
A kind of stalk system fertilizer for being used to improve cucumber continuous cropping soil, include the raw material of following parts by weight：30 parts of agricultural crop straw, perfume
12 parts of the rotten grass roots of monkshood, 18 parts of charing rape pod shell, 4 parts of boric magnesium fertilizer, 3 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.8 part of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, unwrapping wire
0.2 part of bacterium, 0.7 part of root-rot line bacterium, 0.2 part of verticillium dahliae；
Its preparation method is：It is stacked into after above-mentioned raw materials are mixed in fermentation vat, accumulation depth is no more than 2m, and holding water content is
35-40%, it is sealed by fermentation, when temperature reaches 65 DEG C, holding carries out turning after 6-7 days to it, adds water regulation accumulation humidity again
For 55-60%, it is again sealed off fermenting, when temperature reaches 65 DEG C, is kept for 10-12 days, obtain fermentation fertilizer.
Wherein, the charing rape pod shell Muffle furnace is carbonized 90 minutes under conditions of being 260 DEG C in temperature and obtained.
Control group 1 is set, raw material components in embodiment 1 are replaced with into 28 parts of agricultural crop straw, 4.5 parts of boric magnesium fertilizer, phosphoric acid
2.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen, 1.2 parts of dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, 0.4 part of actinomyces, 0.4 part of root-rot line bacterium, 0.3 part of verticillium dahliae；In remaining
Hold constant；Control group 2 is set, after proportioning prepares raw material in embodiment 1, is sealed by fermentation 20-22 days and is sent out in fermentation vat
Ferment material；Application method is in the same manner as in Example 1；Blank group is set, stubble is directly connect and carries out plantation cucumber；
In the plantation of Anhui to the present invention in the fertilizer for preparing carry out experimental study, there is provided the Huangs of six continuous 5 batches of plantations
Melon greenhouse, using stalk system fertilizer or do not processed, the life to cucumber seedling after processing according to corresponding application method respectively in soil
Long performance is counted, and obtains data below：
Table 1
| Group | Overground part dry weight（G/ basins） | Root dry weight（G/ basins） | Unit leaf area（cm²） | Total root long（Cm/ basins） | The number of blade（Piece） |
| Embodiment 1 | 1.52 | 0.18 | 25.4 | 3250 | 22.3 |
| Embodiment 2 | 1.47 | 0.16 | 24.3 | 3242 | 21.6 |
| Embodiment 3 | 1.49 | 0.17 | 24.6 | 3247 | 21.8 |
| Control group 1 | 0.92 | 0.09 | 10.5 | 1682 | 17.5 |
| Control group 2 | 1.25 | 0.12 | 16.8 | 2537 | 19.8 |
| Blank group | 0.54 | 0.08 | 9.1 | 1458 | 16.2 |
It is smaller to influential effect compared to raw material proportioning that the composting conditionses of change fertilizer are can be seen that by data in table 1, embodiment
1-3 is significantly improved compared to blank group, and the selection proportioning and fermentation condition of raw material have substantially to improvement of the fertilizer to soil
Effect, can aid in the cultivation of Healthy Seedlings of Cucumber, and effect is more obvious in embodiment 1.
Each group cucumber seedling is continued to cultivate, counts the incidence of disease of cucumber fusarium axysporum：
Table 2
| Group | Seedling stage diseased plant rate（%） | Bear fruit phase diseased plant rate（%） | Seedling stage preventive effect（%） | Bear fruit phase preventive effect（%） |
| Embodiment 1 | 2.8 | 6.85 | 86.24 | 79.88 |
| Embodiment 2 | 2.2 | 6.79 | 89.19 | 80.06 |
| Embodiment 3 | 2.4 | 6.76 | 88.21 | 80.15 |
| Control group 1 | 6.8 | 26.82 | 66.58 | 21.23 |
| Control group 2 | 3.5 | 10.47 | 82.80 | 69.25 |
| Blank group | 20.35 | 34.05 | / | / |
The seedling stage preventive effect=（Blank group seedling stage diseased plant rate-respective sets seedling stage diseased plant rate）/ blank group seedling stage diseased plant rate × 100%；
The phase preventive effect of bearing fruit=（Blank group phase diseased plant rate-respective sets of bearing fruit are beared fruit phase diseased plant rate）/ blank group is beared fruit phase diseased plant rate
×100%；
Prevention of the fertilizer to the cucumber fusarium axysporum effect of being significantly improved in embodiment 1-3 is can be seen that by data in table 2, its
Middle embodiment 2-3 prevention probability is higher than embodiment 1, and fertilizer material proportioning and fermentation condition effect are obvious.
After cucumber maturation, randomly choose 3 days, cucumber yield is counted, obtains data below：
Table 3
| Group | June 15（Kg/ furrow） | June 20（Kg/ furrow） | June 25（Kg/ furrow） |
| Embodiment 1 | 1.85 | 2.35 | 0.98 |
| Embodiment 2 | 1.88 | 2.38 | 1.04 |
| Embodiment 3 | 1.87 | 2.36 | 1.02 |
| Control group 1 | 1.31 | 1.74 | 0.64 |
| Control group 2 | 1.72 | 2.26 | 0.79 |
| Blank group | 1.28 | 1.65 | 0.64 |
It can be seen that by data in table 3 and only change fermentation condition, to cucumber production promoting DeGrain, fermentation raw material plays
Main function, the data in Tables 1 and 2 is combined, raw material and method can be carried out according to preparation of the situation of soil to fertilizer
Adjustment.
Fertilizer is adjusted to soil in the present invention, can improve the generation of prevention cucumber fusarium axysporum, while can be helped
In cultivating Healthy Seedlings of Cucumber, make cucumber production promoting, in continuous cropping soil, ensure the yield and quality of green cucumber, remarkable in economical benefits.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of stalk system fertilizer for being used to improve cucumber continuous cropping soil, it is characterised in that include the raw material of following parts by weight：Farming
Thing stalk 25-30 parts, the rotten grass roots 12-18 parts of the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge, charing rape pod shell 12-18 parts, boric magnesium fertilizer 4-5 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate
2-3 parts, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 0.8-1.5 parts, actinomyces 0.2-0.8 parts, root-rot line bacterium 0.3-0.7 parts, verticillium dahliae 0.2-0.4
Part；
Its preparation method is：It is stacked into after above-mentioned raw materials are mixed in fermentation vat, accumulation depth is no more than 2m, and holding water content is
35-40%, it is sealed by fermentation, when temperature reaches 65 DEG C, holding carries out turning after 6-7 days to it, adds water regulation accumulation humidity again
For 55-60%, it is again sealed off fermenting, when temperature reaches 65 DEG C, is kept for 10-12 days, obtain fermentation fertilizer.
A kind of 2. stalk system fertilizer for being used to improve cucumber continuous cropping soil as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the charing oil
With Muffle furnace, the charing 60-90 minutes under conditions of temperature is 260 DEG C obtain dish pod shell.
3. a kind of stalk system fertilizer for being used to improve cucumber continuous cropping soil as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that during the charing
Between be 75 minutes.
A kind of 4. stalk system fertilizer for being used to improve cucumber continuous cropping soil as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the crops
Stalk is that rice straw, wheat stalk and maize straw are mixed to get with arbitrary proportion, is being less than using being preceding dried to water content
8%。
A kind of 5. stalk system fertilizer for being used to improve cucumber continuous cropping soil as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge
Rotten grass roots is after the rhizome of nutgrass flatsedge is handled 12 days by glyphosate, to dig out rotten root and produce.
A kind of 6. stalk system fertilizer for being used to improve cucumber continuous cropping soil as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the stalk system
The application method of fertilizer is to use for 15-20 days before cucumber is planted, after planting soil is ploughed deeply into 15-20cm, by it with ploughing deeply soil
Uniformly after mixing, pour permeable.
A kind of 7. stalk system fertilizer for being used to improve cucumber continuous cropping soil as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the stalk system
The usage amount of fertilizer is 12-20kg/ mus.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710857665.8A CN107445721A (en) | 2017-09-21 | 2017-09-21 | A kind of stalk system fertilizer for being used to improve cucumber continuous cropping soil |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710857665.8A CN107445721A (en) | 2017-09-21 | 2017-09-21 | A kind of stalk system fertilizer for being used to improve cucumber continuous cropping soil |
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| CN107445721A true CN107445721A (en) | 2017-12-08 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112028708A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-12-04 | 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 | Compound fertilizer for removing continuous cropping obstacles of cucumber soil, preparation method thereof, diversity fertilization method and method for removing continuous cropping obstacles |
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| CN102050684A (en) * | 2009-11-09 | 2011-05-11 | 朱克伍 | Culture fertilizer for cultivating and planting ivy glorybind herbs |
| CN104876653A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-09-02 | 苏州仁成生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of biological organic fertilizer special for cucumbers in continuous cropping mode |
| CN106220452A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2016-12-14 | 滁州嘉实农业科技有限公司 | A kind of green cucumber fertilizer and preparation method |
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2017
- 2017-09-21 CN CN201710857665.8A patent/CN107445721A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102050684A (en) * | 2009-11-09 | 2011-05-11 | 朱克伍 | Culture fertilizer for cultivating and planting ivy glorybind herbs |
| CN104876653A (en) * | 2015-03-30 | 2015-09-02 | 苏州仁成生物科技有限公司 | Preparation method of biological organic fertilizer special for cucumbers in continuous cropping mode |
| CN106220452A (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2016-12-14 | 滁州嘉实农业科技有限公司 | A kind of green cucumber fertilizer and preparation method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 承泓良: "《棉花黄萎病研究与应用》", 30 April 2016, 山东科学技术出版社 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112028708A (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2020-12-04 | 内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院 | Compound fertilizer for removing continuous cropping obstacles of cucumber soil, preparation method thereof, diversity fertilization method and method for removing continuous cropping obstacles |
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Application publication date: 20171208 |