CN107439426A - A kind of cultural method of loach - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of loach Download PDFInfo
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- CN107439426A CN107439426A CN201710731311.9A CN201710731311A CN107439426A CN 107439426 A CN107439426 A CN 107439426A CN 201710731311 A CN201710731311 A CN 201710731311A CN 107439426 A CN107439426 A CN 107439426A
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- culturing pool
- loach
- water
- wheel animalcule
- electric
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- 241000252185 Cobitidae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 31
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 210
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 claims abstract description 146
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 241000195649 Chlorella <Chlorellales> Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- JDLKFOPOAOFWQN-VIFPVBQESA-N Allicin Natural products C=CCS[S@](=O)CC=C JDLKFOPOAOFWQN-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- JDLKFOPOAOFWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N allicin Chemical compound C=CCSS(=O)CC=C JDLKFOPOAOFWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000010081 allicin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000010165 autogamy Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 241000361919 Metaphire sieboldi Species 0.000 claims description 11
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 240000002900 Arthrospira platensis Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000016425 Arthrospira platensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940082787 spirulina Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 18
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 15
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 210000000476 body water Anatomy 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 6
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003359 percent control normalization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 241001000394 Diaphania hyalinata Species 0.000 description 3
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
- 208000030852 Parasitic disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000192700 Cyanobacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000004232 Enteritis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000035508 accumulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000002234 Allium sativum Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000241257 Cucumis melo Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 description 1
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000004611 garlic Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N h2o hydrate Chemical compound O.O JEGUKCSWCFPDGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000004213 low-fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000000010 microbial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/20—Culture of aquatic animals of zooplankton, e.g. water fleas or Rotatoria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Microbiology (AREA)
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- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of loach breeding method, it comprises the following steps：1) construction of culturing pool, being shaped as the culturing pool is square, core wall is provided with the culturing pool, waterwheel aerator, blowdown is cheated, oxygen detector and rotifer breeding ponds are dissolved, the dissolving oxygen detector is located at the bottom of culturing pool, and described dissolving oxygen detector is connected with electric-controlled switch electric signal；2) sterilization of the culturing pool；3) water is educated at training bottom, and decomposed excrement and wormcast are added into the culturing pool, inoculation chlorella, small ring algae, hidden algae and photosynthetic bacteria, is cultivated 15~20 days；4) loach and wheel animalcule larva seed are put in a suitable place to breed；5) feeding management.The features such as present invention has cultivation density high, and water body self-purification ability is high, and quantity of wastewater effluent is few and culture diseases are few.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aquaculture, in particular, is related to a kind of cultural method of loach.
Background technology
Loach as a kind of famous-particular-excellent freshwater fish, not only high protein, low fat, it is nutritious the features such as, and meat
Fresh and tender, delicious flavour, it is deep to be welcome by market.Therefore, the intensive culture of loach is increasingly favored by aquatic product enterprise.So
And traditional cultural method has the shortcomings of quantity of wastewater effluent is big, and high-density breeding makes water body easily deteriorate.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that a kind of cultivation density is high, and water body self-purification ability is strong, quantity of wastewater effluent it is few and
The few loach breeding method of culture diseases.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：A kind of cultivation side of loach
Method, it comprises the following steps：
1) construction of culturing pool, the cross section of the culturing pool is square, and the culturing pool includes：
Core wall, it is located among the culturing pool so that the culturing pool is separated into left region and two, right region part,
Space is left between the pool wall of the both ends of the core wall and the culturing pool so that the left region and right regional connectivity, make to support
Growing the water in pond can circulate；
Rotifer breeding ponds, it is the independent cultivation section that filter screen is irised out in the culturing pool, and the bottom of the filter screen is set
Bottom plate is equipped with, is set on the filter screen and escapes from hole, the size for escaping from hole is 0.5~1mm, makes the wheel animalcule in rotifer breeding ponds
Rotifer breeding ponds can be entered into the microalgae in culturing pool, and culturing pool is easier by escaping from hole；
Blowdown is cheated, and it is arranged on the culturing pool bottom, and the bottom in the blowdown hole is provided with mudhole, the mudhole and
Blow-off pipe connects, and can effectively accumulate sludge by blowdown hole, ensure the length of breeding water body water quality by regularly extracting sludge
Phase is stable；
Waterwheel aerator, it is arranged in the culturing pool；
Oxygen detector is dissolved, it is located at the bottom of culturing pool, and described dissolving oxygen detector connects with electric-controlled switch electric signal
Connect, electric-controlled switch receive dissolving oxygen detector electric signal after according to the Type Control of electric signal waterwheel aerator
Start and stop；
2) sterilization of the culturing pool, the deep water of 60~80cm is injected into the culturing pool, ozone is passed through and carries out disinfection,
Pathogenic microorganism in water body or fish-egg etc. are killed；
3) water is educated at training bottom, and decomposed excrement and wormcast, inoculation chlorella, small ring algae, hidden algae are added into the culturing pool
And photosynthetic bacteria, cultivate 15~20 days；
4) loach fry is put in a suitable place to breed, selects physical strong, and body colour is bright, neat specification, a length of 5~6cm of body high-quality kind
Seedling, 5~10min is soaked using 4%~5% saline solution, is selected in put the culturing pool in a suitable place to breed in the morning of fine day, toward wheel animalcule
Inoculating rotifer larva in culture pond；
5) feeding management, loach seedling respectively feed an autogamy feed, the wheel animalcule in the morning, afternoon and evening daily after launching 2~3 days
When wheel animalcule quantity in culture pond is more than 120/mL, wheel animalcule is picked up into dispensing into culturing pool, water colour transparency is less than 20cm
When, wheel animalcule larva is launched into the rotifer breeding ponds, when water colour transparency is higher than 30cm, is added into the culturing pool decomposed
Excrement and wormcast.
Preferably, the pond depth of the culturing pool is 100~120cm, and the area of the rotifer breeding ponds accounts for the cultivation
The 10%~15% of pool area, the bottom plate of the rotifer breeding ponds and the distance of culturing pool bottom are 30~40cm, the filter screen
Mesh number be 300~350 mesh.In culturing pool, addition rotifer breeding ponds cultivation wheel animalcule can promote the algae in water body to update, and make
Algae keeps more vigorous growth rate, and feed cost can also be reduced as the bait of loach by cultivating the wheel animalcule of acquisition.
Preferably, when the water-bed dissolved oxygen of the dissolving oxygen detector detection is less than 3mg/L, to electric-controlled switch output first
Signal, electric-controlled switch starts waterwheel aerator work, when the water-bed dissolved oxygen of the dissolving oxygen detector detection is more than 5mg/L,
Secondary signal is exported to electric-controlled switch, electric-controlled switch stops waterwheel aerator work.Monitored in real time by dissolving oxygen detector
And regulate and control the oxygen concentration of culturing pool bottom, the dissolved oxygen in culturing pool water body is in higher level all the time, avoid water
Water quality deterioration caused by body anoxic damages caused by anoxic is to loach body.
Preferably, the one or more in cow dung, pig manure, chicken manure and sheep manure are mixed with stalk, the weight ratio of mixing
For 2~3:1, inoculation quality fraction is 5%~10%EM microbial inoculums, and fermentation obtains described decomposed excrement after 20~30 days；By ox
One or more in excrement, pig manure, chicken manure, sheep manure after manioc waste mixed breed earthworm with obtaining the wormcast.Excrement and straw
Stalk is after EM bacteria agent fermentation maturity, cellulose-decomposing bacteria, protein decomposing dacteria, saccharomycete, photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and deodorization bacterium etc.
Multiple beneficial microorganism and containing abundant organic matter and N P and K etc., suitably cultivates substantial amounts of natural bait, such as swims dynamic
Thing and beneficial algae, so as to reduce the quantity of Manual material feeding.
Preferably, the cell density ratio of the chlorella, small ring algae, hidden algae and photosynthetic bacteria is 10~20:15~20：
10~15：20~30.By directive breeding microalgae, the status for the population that can make to have the advantage beneficial to microalgae, harmful blue-green algae is avoided
Outburst.
Preferably, in step 4), the number that the wheel animalcule larva is inoculated with the rotifer breeding ponds is 30~50/L.
It is inoculated with appropriate number of wheel animalcule to be advantageous to control the microalgae density in water, keeps the water colour of certain transparency, avoid the old of microalgae
Change, microalgae is remained the preferably growth impetus.
Preferably, the autogamy feed includes the raw material of following parts by weight：20~30 parts of earthworm, 10~20 parts of dregs of beans,
3~5 parts of 5~10 parts of spirulina powder, 20~30 parts of corn flour, 4~8 parts of allicin and Lignum Dalbergiae benthamii.By animal fodder with
Plant feed is arranged in pairs or groups, and nutrition is balanced, and addition allicin can promote digesting and assimilating for loach in feed, strengthens the immune of loach
Power, addition Lignum Dalbergiae benthamii can strengthen immunity of the loach to saprolegniasis, enteritis disease and parasitic disease in feed.
Preferably, each feeding volume of the autogamy feed is the 2%~4% of loach weight.Appropriate feed is launched
Amount had both met the nutritional need of loach growth, and water body caused by it also avoid feeding volume surplus deteriorates.
Advantages of the present invention：Rotifer breeding ponds raising wheel animalcule is added in culturing pool, is ingested microalgae and organic by wheel animalcule
Thing chip, the material conversion in culturing pool is effectively facilitated, in culturing pool, organic matter decomposition is converted into inorganic salts by microorganism,
Inorganic salts are absorbed by microalgae, and the wheel animalcule that microalgae is cultivated ingests, then material is transferred into loach by the loach wheel animalcule that ingests
In, improve material utilization；A large amount of beneficial microbes present in decomposed excrement and wormcast its can be in time by remaining bait
And the excrement of loach decomposes, and avoids water quality deterioration caused by a large amount of accumulations of organic matter, by the silt for periodically extracting blowdown hole
Mud realizes automatically updating for benthic microorganism, keeps the stronger organic matter capacity of decomposition of microorganism, so as to realize that reducing cultivation gives up
The discharge of water；It can promote digesting and assimilating for loach by adding allicin in feed, improve the utilization rate of feed；By raising
Lignum Dalbergiae benthamii is added in material, Immunoresistance of the loach to saprolegniasis, enteritis disease and parasitic disease etc. can be strengthened.The present invention is another
Individual purpose is just to provide one kind
Brief description of the drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is a kind of culturing pool schematic diagram of loach breeding method of the present invention.
1 culturing pool；2 core walls；3 rotifer breeding ponds；4 blowdowns are cheated；5 waterwheel aerators.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, to make those skilled in the art with reference to specification text
Word can be implemented according to this.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cultural method of loach, it comprises the following steps：
1) construction of culturing pool 1, as shown in figure 1, the cross section of the culturing pool 1 is square, the culturing pool 1 includes：
Core wall 2, it is located among the culturing pool 1 so that the culturing pool 1 is separated into left region and two, right region portion
Point, space is left between the both ends of the core wall 2 and the pool wall of the culturing pool 1 so that the left region and right region connect
It is logical, the water in culturing pool 1 is circulated；
Rotifer breeding ponds 3, it is that the independence that filter screen is irised out in the culturing pool 1 cultivates section, the bottom of the filter screen
Bottom plate is provided with, is set on the filter screen and escapes from hole, the size for escaping from hole is 0.5~1mm, is made in rotifer breeding ponds 3
Wheel animalcule can enter culturing pool by escaping from hole；
Blowdown hole 4, it is arranged on the bottom of culturing pool 1, and the bottom in the blowdown hole 4 is provided with mudhole, the blowdown
Hole connects with blow-off pipe, can effectively accumulate sludge by blowdown hole 4, ensure breeding water body water quality by regularly extracting sludge
It is steady in a long-term；
Waterwheel aerator 5, it is arranged in the culturing pool 1；
Oxygen detector is dissolved, it is located at the bottom of culturing pool 1, and described dissolving oxygen detector connects with electric-controlled switch electric signal
Connect, the start and stop of the waterwheel aerator are controlled by electric-controlled switch.
2) sterilization of the culturing pool 1, the deep water of 60cm is injected into the culturing pool 1, ozone is passed through and carries out disinfection.
3) water is educated at training bottom, and decomposed excrement and wormcast, inoculation chlorella, small ring algae, hidden algae are added into the culturing pool 1
And photosynthetic bacteria, cultivate 15 days.
4) loach fry is put in a suitable place to breed, selects physical strong, and body colour is bright, neat specification, a length of 6cm of body high quality seedling,
5min is soaked using 5% saline solution, selects in put the culturing pool in a suitable place to breed in the morning of fine day, is inoculated with into rotifer breeding ponds
Wheel animalcule larva.
5) feeding management, loach seedling respectively feed an autogamy feed in the morning, afternoon and evening daily after launching 2 days, the wheel animalcule is cultivated
When wheel animalcule quantity in pond 3 is more than 120/mL, wheel animalcule is picked up into dispensing into culturing pool 1, when water colour transparency is less than 20cm,
Wheel animalcule larva is launched into the rotifer breeding ponds 3, when water colour transparency is higher than 30cm, is added into the culturing pool 1 decomposed
Excrement and wormcast, lasting cultivation, obtain the loach.
Rotifer breeding ponds raising wheel animalcule is added in culturing pool, realizes that organic matter is converted into inorganic salts through microbial action,
Inorganic salts are absorbed by microalgae, and microalgae is ingested by wheel animalcule, by controlling the quantity of wheel animalcule, realize the control to water colour transparency
System, so as to realize the efficient conversion of cultivation intracisternal material, material is transferred in loach by the loach wheel animalcule that ingests, improves thing
Matter utilization rate, feedstuff feeding amount more than 5% is reduced, decomposed using a large amount of beneficial microbes present in decomposed excrement and wormcast
Remaining bait and the excrement of loach, avoid water quality deterioration caused by a large amount of accumulations of organic matter, are cheated by periodically extracting blowdown
Mud realize the renewal of benthic microorganism, microorganism is kept higher capacity of decomposition, avoid the deterioration of water quality, realize and support
Grow the zero-emission of waste water.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cultural method of loach, it comprises the following steps：
1) construction of culturing pool 1, as shown in figure 1, the cross section of the culturing pool 1 is square, the pond of the culturing pool 1 is deep
For 100cm, the culturing pool 1 includes：
Core wall 2, it is located among the culturing pool 1 so that the culturing pool 1 is separated into left region and two, right region portion
Point, space is left between the both ends of the core wall 2 and the pool wall of the culturing pool 1 so that the left region and right region connect
It is logical, the water in culturing pool 1 is circulated；
Rotifer breeding ponds 3, its independent cultivation section irised out for the filter screen of 300 mesh in the culturing pool 1, the filter screen
Bottom be provided with bottom plate, set on the filter screen and escape from hole, the size for escaping from hole is 0.5~1mm, makes rotifer breeding ponds
Wheel animalcule in 3 can enter culturing pool 1 by escaping from hole, and the bottom plate and the distance of the bottom of culturing pool 1 of the rotifer breeding ponds 3 are
30cm, the area of the rotifer breeding ponds 3 account for the 10% of the cultivation pool area；
Blowdown hole 4, it is arranged on the culturing pool bottom, and the bottom in the blowdown hole is provided with mudhole, the mudhole
Connected with blow-off pipe, sludge can effectively be accumulated by blowdown hole 4, ensure breeding water body water quality by regularly extracting sludge
Steadily in the long term；
Waterwheel aerator 5, it is arranged in the culturing pool；
Oxygen detector is dissolved, it is located at the bottom of the culturing pool 1, described dissolving oxygen detector and electric-controlled switch telecommunications
Number connection, the start and stop of the waterwheel aerator are controlled by electric-controlled switch.
2) sterilization of the culturing pool 1, the deep water of 60cm is injected into the culturing pool 1, ozone is passed through and carries out disinfection；
3) water is educated at training bottom, and decomposed excrement and wormcast, inoculation chlorella, small ring algae, hidden algae are added into the culturing pool 1
And photosynthetic bacteria, cultivate 15 days.
4) loach fry is put in a suitable place to breed, selects physical strong, and body colour is bright, neat specification, a length of 6cm of body high quality seedling,
5min is soaked using 5% saline solution, selects to put in a suitable place to breed in the morning of fine day in the culturing pool 1, is connect into rotifer breeding ponds 3
Kind wheel animalcule larva.
5) feeding management, loach seedling respectively feed an autogamy feed in the morning, afternoon and evening daily after launching 2 days, the wheel animalcule is cultivated
When wheel animalcule quantity in pond 3 is more than 120/mL, wheel animalcule is picked up into dispensing into culturing pool 1, when water colour transparency is less than 20cm,
Wheel animalcule larva is launched into the rotifer breeding ponds 3, when water colour transparency is higher than 30cm, is added into the culturing pool 1 decomposed
Excrement and wormcast, lasting cultivation, obtain the loach.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cultural method of loach, it comprises the following steps：
1) construction of culturing pool 1, as shown in figure 1, the cross section of the culturing pool 1 is square, the pond of the culturing pool 1 is deep
For 100cm, the culturing pool 1 includes：
Core wall 2, it is located among the culturing pool 1 so that the culturing pool 1 is separated into left region and two, right region portion
Point, space is left between the both ends of the core wall 2 and the pool wall of the culturing pool 1 so that the left region and right region connect
It is logical, the water in culturing pool 1 is circulated；
Rotifer breeding ponds 3, its independent cultivation section irised out for the filter screen of 350 mesh in the culturing pool 1, the filter screen
Bottom be provided with bottom plate, set on the filter screen and escape from hole, the size for escaping from hole is 0.5~1mm, makes rotifer breeding ponds
Wheel animalcule in 3 can enter culturing pool 1 by escaping from hole, and the bottom plate and the distance of the bottom of culturing pool 1 of the rotifer breeding ponds 3 are
30cm, the area of the rotifer breeding ponds 3 account for the 10% of the cultivation pool area；
Blowdown hole 4, it is arranged on the culturing pool bottom, and the bottom in the blowdown hole is provided with mudhole, the mudhole
Connected with blow-off pipe, sludge can effectively be accumulated by blowdown hole 4, ensure breeding water body water quality by regularly extracting sludge
Steadily in the long term；
Waterwheel aerator 5, it is arranged in the culturing pool；
Oxygen detector is dissolved, it is located at the bottom of culturing pool 1, and described dissolving oxygen detector connects with electric-controlled switch electric signal
Connect, the start and stop of the waterwheel aerator are controlled by electric-controlled switch.When the water-bed dissolved oxygen of the dissolving oxygen detector detection is low
When 3mg/L, the first signal is exported to electric-controlled switch, electric-controlled switch starts waterwheel aerator work, the dissolved oxygen detection
When the water-bed dissolved oxygen of device detection is more than 5mg/L, secondary signal is exported to electric-controlled switch, electric-controlled switch stops waterwheel aerator 5
Work.
2) sterilization of the culturing pool 1,60cm water is injected into the culturing pool 1, Ozone Water is passed through and carries out disinfection.
3) water is educated at training bottom, applies decomposed excrement and wormcast, addition chlorella, small ring algae, hidden algae into the culturing pool 1
And photosynthetic bacteria, cultivate 15 days.
4) loach fry is put in a suitable place to breed, selects physical strong, and body colour is bright, neat specification, a length of 6cm of body high quality seedling,
5min is soaked using 5% saline solution, selects in put the culturing pool in a suitable place to breed in the morning of fine day, is added into rotifer breeding ponds
Wheel animalcule larva.
5) feeding management, loach seedling respectively feed an autogamy feed in the morning, afternoon and evening daily after launching 2 days, the wheel animalcule is cultivated
When wheel animalcule quantity in pond 3 is more than 120/mL, wheel animalcule is picked up into dispensing into culturing pool 1, when water colour transparency is less than 20cm,
Wheel animalcule larva is launched into the rotifer breeding ponds 3, when water colour transparency is higher than 30cm, is added into the culturing pool 1 decomposed
Excrement and wormcast, lasting cultivation, obtain the loach.
Embodiment 4
A kind of cultural method of loach, it comprises the following steps：
1) construction of culturing pool 1, as shown in figure 1, the cross section of the culturing pool 1 is square, the pond of the culturing pool 1 is deep
For 100cm, the culturing pool 1 includes：
Core wall 2, it is located among the culturing pool 1 so that the culturing pool 1 is separated into left region and two, right region portion
Point, space is left between the both ends of the core wall 2 and the pool wall of the culturing pool 1 so that the left region and right region connect
It is logical, the water in culturing pool 1 is circulated；
Rotifer breeding ponds 3, its independent cultivation section irised out for the filter screen of 350 mesh in the culturing pool 1, the filter screen
Bottom be provided with bottom plate, set on the filter screen and escape from hole, the size for escaping from hole is 0.5~1mm, makes rotifer breeding ponds
Wheel animalcule in 3 can enter culturing pool 1 by escaping from hole, and the bottom plate and the distance of the bottom of culturing pool 1 of the rotifer breeding ponds 3 are
30cm, the area of the rotifer breeding ponds 3 account for the 10% of the cultivation pool area；
Blowdown hole 4, it is arranged on the culturing pool bottom, and the bottom in the blowdown hole is provided with mudhole, the mudhole
Connected with blow-off pipe, sludge can effectively be accumulated by blowdown hole 4, ensure breeding water body water quality by regularly extracting sludge
Steadily in the long term；
Waterwheel aerator 5, it is arranged in the culturing pool；
Oxygen detector is dissolved, it is located at the bottom of culturing pool 1, and described dissolving oxygen detector connects with electric-controlled switch electric signal
Connect, the start and stop of the waterwheel aerator are controlled by electric-controlled switch.When the water-bed dissolved oxygen of the dissolving oxygen detector detection is low
When 3mg/L, the first signal is exported to electric-controlled switch, electric-controlled switch starts waterwheel aerator work, the dissolved oxygen detection
When the water-bed dissolved oxygen of device detection is more than 5mg/L, secondary signal is exported to electric-controlled switch, electric-controlled switch stops waterwheel aerator 5
Work.
2) sterilization of the culturing pool 1,60cm water is injected into the culturing pool 1, Ozone Water is passed through and carries out disinfection.
3) water is educated at training bottom, and cow dung is mixed with stalk, and the weight ratio of mixing is 2:1, inoculation quality fraction is 5%EM bacterium
Agent, fermentation obtain decomposed excrement after 30 days；The wormcast will be obtained after cow dung and manioc waste mixed breed earthworm；Supported toward described
Grow and the decomposed excrement and the wormcast are added in pond 1, inoculation chlorella, small ring algae, hidden algae and photosynthetic bacteria, cultivate 15
My god.
4) loach fry is put in a suitable place to breed, selects physical strong, and body colour is bright, neat specification, a length of 6cm of body high quality seedling,
5min is soaked using 5% saline solution, selects in put the culturing pool in a suitable place to breed in the morning of fine day, is added into rotifer breeding ponds
Wheel animalcule larva.
5) feeding management, loach seedling respectively feed an autogamy feed in the morning, afternoon and evening daily after launching 2 days, the wheel animalcule is cultivated
When wheel animalcule quantity in pond 3 is more than 120/mL, wheel animalcule is picked up into dispensing into culturing pool 1, when water colour transparency is less than 20cm,
Wheel animalcule larva is launched into the rotifer breeding ponds 3, when water colour transparency is higher than 30cm, is added into the culturing pool 1 decomposed
Excrement and wormcast, lasting cultivation, obtain the loach.
In order to improve the speed of growth of loach, it is necessary to put into substantial amounts of feed in breeding process, excrement caused by loach with
Remaining bait easily causes water quality deterioration.Contain substantial amounts of beneficial microbe in EM bacteria agent, fermented animal excreta by EM bacteria agent
Just the decomposed excrement obtained with the mixture of stalk carries out the cultivation of early stage and educates water, makes to cultivate in culturing pool abundant beneficial micro-
Biology and primary sound animal, loach is obtained abundant open-mouthed bait, improve the survival rate more than 20% of loach seedling, culturing pool bottom
The excrement of loach and remaining bait quickly can also be rapidly decomposed into inorganic matter by a large amount of beneficial microbes in portion, avoid water quality
Deterioration.
Embodiment 5
A kind of cultural method of loach, it comprises the following steps：
1) construction of culturing pool 1, as shown in figure 1, the cross section of the culturing pool 1 is square, the pond of the culturing pool 1 is deep
For 100cm, the culturing pool 1 includes：
Core wall 2, it is located among the culturing pool 1 so that the culturing pool 1 is separated into left region and two, right region portion
Point, space is left between the both ends of the core wall 2 and the pool wall of the culturing pool 1 so that the left region and right region connect
It is logical, the water in culturing pool 1 is circulated；
Rotifer breeding ponds 3, its independent cultivation section irised out for the filter screen of 350 mesh in the culturing pool 1, the filter screen
Bottom be provided with bottom plate, set on the filter screen and escape from hole, the size for escaping from hole is 0.5~1mm, makes rotifer breeding ponds
Wheel animalcule in 3 can enter culturing pool 1 by escaping from hole, and the bottom plate and the distance of the bottom of culturing pool 1 of the rotifer breeding ponds 3 are
30cm, the area of the rotifer breeding ponds 3 account for the 10% of the cultivation pool area；
Blowdown hole 4, it is arranged on the culturing pool bottom, and the bottom in the blowdown hole is provided with mudhole, the mudhole
Connected with blow-off pipe, sludge can effectively be accumulated by blowdown hole 4, ensure breeding water body water quality by regularly extracting sludge
Steadily in the long term；
Waterwheel aerator 5, it is arranged in the culturing pool；
Oxygen detector is dissolved, it is located at the bottom of culturing pool 1, and described dissolving oxygen detector connects with electric-controlled switch electric signal
Connect, the start and stop of the waterwheel aerator are controlled by electric-controlled switch.When the water-bed dissolved oxygen of the dissolving oxygen detector detection is low
When 3mg/L, the first signal is exported to electric-controlled switch, electric-controlled switch starts waterwheel aerator work, the dissolved oxygen detection
When the water-bed dissolved oxygen of device detection is more than 5mg/L, secondary signal is exported to electric-controlled switch, electric-controlled switch stops waterwheel aerator 5
Work.
2) sterilization of the culturing pool 1, the deep water of 70cm is injected into the culturing pool 1, Ozone Water is passed through and carries out disinfection.
3) water is educated at training bottom, and cow dung is mixed with stalk, and the weight ratio of mixing is 2:1, inoculation quality fraction is 5%EM bacterium
Agent, fermentation obtain decomposed excrement after 30 days；The wormcast will be obtained after cow dung and manioc waste mixed breed earthworm；Supported toward described
Grow and apply decomposed excrement and wormcast in pond 1, inoculating cell density content is 10:20：10：30 chlorella, small ring algae, hidden algae
And photosynthetic bacteria, cultivate 15 days.
4) loach fry is put in a suitable place to breed, selects physical strong, and body colour is bright, neat specification, a length of 6cm of body high quality seedling,
5min is soaked using 5% saline solution, selects in put the culturing pool in a suitable place to breed in the morning of fine day, is added into rotifer breeding ponds
Wheel animalcule larva.
5) feeding management, loach seedling respectively feed an autogamy feed in the morning, afternoon and evening daily after launching 2 days, the wheel animalcule is cultivated
When wheel animalcule quantity in pond 3 is more than 120/mL, wheel animalcule is picked up into dispensing into culturing pool 1, when water colour transparency is less than 20cm,
Wheel animalcule larva is launched into the rotifer breeding ponds 3, when water colour transparency is higher than 30cm, is added into the culturing pool 1 decomposed
Excrement and wormcast, lasting cultivation, obtain the loach.
By adding ball algae, small ring algae, hidden algae and photosynthetic bacteria, the directive breeding of microalgae is realized, can be made beneficial at microalgae
In the status of dominant population, ecological niche is occupied, avoids the outburst of harmful blue-green algae.
Embodiment 6
A kind of cultural method of loach, it comprises the following steps：
1) construction of culturing pool 1, as shown in figure 1, the cross section of the culturing pool 1 is square, the pond of the culturing pool 1 is deep
For 100cm, the culturing pool 1 includes：
Core wall 2, it is located among the culturing pool 1 so that the culturing pool 1 is separated into left region and two, right region portion
Point, space is left between the both ends of the core wall 2 and the pool wall of the culturing pool 1 so that the left region and right region connect
It is logical, the water in culturing pool 1 is circulated；
Rotifer breeding ponds 3, its independent cultivation section irised out for the filter screen of 350 mesh in the culturing pool 1, the filter screen
Bottom be provided with bottom plate, set on the filter screen and escape from hole, the size for escaping from hole is 0.5~1mm, makes rotifer breeding ponds
Wheel animalcule in 3 can enter culturing pool 1 by escaping from hole, and the bottom plate and the distance of the bottom of culturing pool 1 of the rotifer breeding ponds 3 are
30cm, the area of the rotifer breeding ponds 3 account for the 10% of the cultivation pool area；
Blowdown hole 4, it is arranged on the culturing pool bottom, and the bottom in the blowdown hole is provided with mudhole, the mudhole
Connected with blow-off pipe, sludge can effectively be accumulated by blowdown hole 4, ensure breeding water body water quality by regularly extracting sludge
Steadily in the long term；
Waterwheel aerator 5, it is arranged in the culturing pool；
Oxygen detector is dissolved, it is located at the bottom of culturing pool 1, and described dissolving oxygen detector connects with electric-controlled switch electric signal
Connect, the start and stop of the waterwheel aerator are controlled by electric-controlled switch.When the water-bed dissolved oxygen of the dissolving oxygen detector detection is low
When 3mg/L, the first signal is exported to electric-controlled switch, electric-controlled switch starts waterwheel aerator work, the dissolved oxygen detection
When the water-bed dissolved oxygen of device detection is more than 5mg/L, secondary signal is exported to electric-controlled switch, electric-controlled switch stops waterwheel aerator 5
Work.
2) sterilization of the culturing pool 1, the deep water of 60cm is injected into the culturing pool 1, Ozone Water is passed through and carries out disinfection.
3) water is educated at training bottom, and pig manure is mixed with stalk, and the weight ratio of mixing is 2:1, inoculation quality fraction is 5%EM bacterium
Agent, fermentation obtain decomposed excrement after 30 days；The wormcast will be obtained after chicken manure and manioc waste mixed breed earthworm；Supported toward described
Grow and the decomposed excrement and the wormcast are added in pond 1, inoculating cell density content is 10:20：10：It is 30 chlorella, small
Ring algae, hidden algae and photosynthetic bacteria, cultivate 15 days.
4) loach fry is put in a suitable place to breed, selects physical strong, and body colour is bright, neat specification, a length of 6cm of body high quality seedling,
5min is soaked using 5% saline solution, selects in put the culturing pool in a suitable place to breed in the morning of fine day, is added into rotifer breeding ponds
Wheel animalcule larva, the number that the wheel animalcule larva is inoculated with the rotifer breeding ponds is 30/L.
5) feeding management, loach seedling respectively feed an autogamy feed in the morning, afternoon and evening daily after launching 2 days, the wheel animalcule is cultivated
When wheel animalcule quantity in pond 3 is more than 120/mL, wheel animalcule is picked up into dispensing into culturing pool 1, when water colour transparency is less than 20cm,
Wheel animalcule larva is launched into the rotifer breeding ponds 3, when water colour transparency is higher than 30cm, is added into the culturing pool 1 decomposed
Excrement and wormcast, lasting cultivation, obtain the loach.
By increasing rotifer breeding ponds in culturing pool, in the presence of current, the microalgae in culturing pool passes through filter screen quilt
Wheel animalcule ingests, and the material realized in culturing pool recycles, and by the effect of ingesting of wheel animalcule, can also regulate and control the density of microalgae,
Microalgae is promoted to be in good growth conditions, so as to keep the stabilization of water quality.
Embodiment 7
A kind of cultural method of loach, it comprises the following steps：
1) construction of culturing pool 1, as shown in figure 1, the cross section of the culturing pool 1 is square, the pond of the culturing pool 1 is deep
For 100cm, the culturing pool 1 includes：
Core wall 2, it is located among the culturing pool 1 so that the culturing pool 1 is separated into left region and two, right region portion
Point, space is left between the both ends of the core wall 2 and the pool wall of the culturing pool 1 so that the left region and right region connect
It is logical, the water in culturing pool 1 is circulated；
Rotifer breeding ponds 3, its independent cultivation section irised out for the filter screen of 350 mesh in the culturing pool 1, the filter screen
Bottom be provided with bottom plate, set on the filter screen and escape from hole, the size for escaping from hole is 0.5~1mm, makes rotifer breeding ponds
Wheel animalcule in 3 can enter culturing pool 1 by escaping from hole, and the bottom plate and the distance of the bottom of culturing pool 1 of the rotifer breeding ponds 3 are
30cm, the area of the rotifer breeding ponds 3 account for the 10% of the cultivation pool area；
Blowdown hole 4, it is arranged on the culturing pool bottom, and the bottom in the blowdown hole is provided with mudhole, the mudhole
Connected with blow-off pipe, sludge can effectively be accumulated by blowdown hole 4, ensure breeding water body water quality by regularly extracting sludge
Steadily in the long term；
Waterwheel aerator 5, it is arranged in the culturing pool；
Oxygen detector is dissolved, it is located at the bottom of culturing pool 1, and described dissolving oxygen detector connects with electric-controlled switch electric signal
Connect, the start and stop of the waterwheel aerator are controlled by electric-controlled switch.When the water-bed dissolved oxygen of the dissolving oxygen detector detection is low
When 3mg/L, the first signal is exported to electric-controlled switch, electric-controlled switch starts waterwheel aerator work, the dissolved oxygen detection
When the water-bed dissolved oxygen of device detection is more than 5mg/L, secondary signal is exported to electric-controlled switch, electric-controlled switch stops waterwheel aerator 5
Work.
2) sterilization of the culturing pool 1, the deep water of 60cm is injected into the culturing pool 1, Ozone Water is passed through and carries out disinfection.
3) water is educated at training bottom, and chicken manure is mixed with stalk, and the weight ratio of mixing is 2:1, inoculation quality fraction is 5%EM bacterium
Agent, fermentation obtain decomposed excrement after 30 days；The wormcast will be obtained after chicken manure and manioc waste mixed breed earthworm；Supported toward described
Grow and the decomposed excrement and the wormcast are added in pond 1, inoculating cell density content is 10:20：10：It is 30 chlorella, small
Ring algae, hidden algae and photosynthetic bacteria.4) loach fry is put in a suitable place to breed, selects physical strong, and body colour is bright, neat specification, body a length of 6cm
High quality seedling, soak 5min using 5% saline solution, select in put the culturing pool in a suitable place to breed in the morning of fine day, toward wheel animalcule
Wheel animalcule larva is added in culture pond, the number that the wheel animalcule larva is inoculated with the rotifer breeding ponds is 30/L.
5) feeding management, loach seedling launch 2 days after respectively feed an autogamy feed in the morning, afternoon and evening daily, wherein, it is described oneself
Include the raw material of following parts by weight with feed：20 parts of earthworm, 20 parts of dregs of beans, 5 parts of spirulina powder, 20 parts of corn flour, 4 parts of allicin
And 5 parts of Lignum Dalbergiae benthamii, when the wheel animalcule quantity in the rotifer breeding ponds 3 is more than 120/mL, wheel animalcule is picked up into dispensing to cultivation
In pond 1, when water colour transparency is less than 20cm, wheel animalcule larva is launched into the rotifer breeding ponds 3, water colour transparency is higher than 30cm
When, decomposed excrement and wormcast are added into the culturing pool 1, lasting cultivation, obtains the loach.
Embodiment 8
A kind of cultural method of loach, it comprises the following steps：
1) construction of culturing pool 1, as shown in figure 1, the cross section of the culturing pool 1 is square, the pond of the culturing pool 1 is deep
For 100cm, the culturing pool 1 includes：
Core wall 2, it is located among the culturing pool 1 so that the culturing pool 1 is separated into left region and two, right region portion
Point, space is left between the both ends of the core wall 2 and the pool wall of the culturing pool 1 so that the left region and right region connect
It is logical, the water in culturing pool 1 is circulated；
Rotifer breeding ponds 3, its independent cultivation section irised out for the filter screen of 350 mesh in the culturing pool 1, the filter screen
Bottom be provided with bottom plate, set on the filter screen and escape from hole, the size for escaping from hole is 0.5~1mm, makes rotifer breeding ponds
Wheel animalcule in 3 can enter culturing pool 1 by escaping from hole, and the bottom plate and the distance of the bottom of culturing pool 1 of the rotifer breeding ponds 3 are
30cm, the area of the rotifer breeding ponds 3 account for the 10% of the cultivation pool area；
Blowdown hole 4, it is arranged on the culturing pool bottom, and the bottom in the blowdown hole is provided with mudhole, the mudhole
Connected with blow-off pipe, sludge can effectively be accumulated by blowdown hole 4, ensure breeding water body water quality by regularly extracting sludge
Steadily in the long term；
Waterwheel aerator 5, it is arranged in the culturing pool；
Oxygen detector is dissolved, it is located at the bottom of culturing pool 1, and described dissolving oxygen detector connects with electric-controlled switch electric signal
Connect, the start and stop of the waterwheel aerator are controlled by electric-controlled switch.When the water-bed dissolved oxygen of the dissolving oxygen detector detection is low
When 3mg/L, the first signal is exported to electric-controlled switch, electric-controlled switch starts waterwheel aerator work, the dissolved oxygen detection
When the water-bed dissolved oxygen of device detection is more than 5mg/L, secondary signal is exported to electric-controlled switch, electric-controlled switch stops waterwheel aerator 5
Work.
2) sterilization of the culturing pool 1, the deep water of 60cm is injected into the culturing pool 1, Ozone Water is passed through and carries out disinfection.
3) water is educated at training bottom, and chicken manure is mixed with stalk, and the weight ratio of mixing is 2:1, inoculation quality fraction is 5%EM bacterium
Agent, fermentation obtain decomposed excrement after 30 days；The wormcast will be obtained after chicken manure and manioc waste mixed breed earthworm；Supported toward described
Grow and the decomposed excrement and the wormcast are added in pond 1, inoculating cell density content is 10:20：10：It is 30 chlorella, small
Ring algae, hidden algae and photosynthetic bacteria
4) loach fry is put in a suitable place to breed, selects physical strong, and body colour is bright, neat specification, a length of 6cm of body high quality seedling,
5min is soaked using 5% saline solution, selects in put the culturing pool in a suitable place to breed in the morning of fine day, is added into rotifer breeding ponds
Wheel animalcule larva, the number that the wheel animalcule larva is inoculated with the rotifer breeding ponds is 30/L.
5) feeding management, loach seedling respectively feed an autogamy feed, each feeding volume in the morning, afternoon and evening daily after launching 2 days
For the 4% of loach weight, wherein, the autogamy feed includes the raw material of following parts by weight：20 parts of earthworm, 20 parts of dregs of beans, spiral
5 parts of 5 parts of algae powder, 20 parts of corn flour, 4 parts of allicin and Lignum Dalbergiae benthamii, the wheel animalcule quantity in the rotifer breeding ponds 3 are more than 120
During individual/mL, wheel animalcule is picked up into dispensing into culturing pool 1, when water colour transparency is less than 20cm, thrown into the rotifer breeding ponds 3
Wheel animalcule larva is put, when water colour transparency is higher than 30cm, decomposed excrement and wormcast are added into the culturing pool 1, lasting cultivation,
Obtain the loach.
Embodiment 9
Contrast experiment, take 250 a length of 5~6cm healthy young loach to be placed in culturing pool, be divided into 5 groups, experimental group is with compareing
The cultural method that group 5 is provided by embodiment 8 carries out loach breeding, and the cultural method that control group 1 is provided by embodiment 8 carries out loach
Cultivation, but feed does not add allicin and Lignum Dalbergiae benthamii in breeding process, and control group 2 presses the cultural method that embodiment 8 provides
Loach breeding is carried out, but feed does not add allicin in breeding process, adds Lignum Dalbergiae benthamii, and control group 3 is provided by embodiment 8
Cultural method carry out loach breeding, but in breeding process feed add allicin, do not add Lignum Dalbergiae benthamii, control group 4 is pressed
The cultural method that embodiment 8 provides carries out loach breeding, but feed adds Lignum Dalbergiae benthamii in breeding process, does not add garlic
Element, others raising step is identical, by experimental group, control group 2, control group 3 and the back of the loach of control group 4 after feeding 10 days
It is slight to mark wound, and in the breeding water body of experimental group, control group 1, control group 2, control group 3, control group 4 with control group 5
The small melonworm into 500/mL water mold spore or 100/mL is launched, continues to feed 50 days, observation result is as shown in the table：
| Saprolegniasis infection rate | Ich infection rate | |
| Control group 1 | 35.4% | 60.3% |
| Control group 2 | 95.4% | 97.4% |
| Control group 3 | 60.5% | 96.5% |
| Control group 4 | 56.7% | 73.8% |
| Control group 5 | 13.5% | 22.3% |
| Experimental group | 27.9% | 43.5% |
It was found from upper table result, from the experimental result of control group 1, even if loach surface does not have artificial wound, but
During water mold spore or higher small melonworm concentration in water, the probability of loach infection saprolegniasis and ich is still larger, saprolegniasis
Infection rate be 35.4%, the infection rate of ich is up to 60.3%.The saprolegniasis infection rate of the loach of control group 2 is
95.4%, the infection rate of ich is 97.4%, compared with experimental group 3, adds allicin in feed, under saprolegniasis infection rate
34.9% has been dropped, ich infection rate have dropped 0.9%, illustrate that allicin has certain prevention effect to saprolegniasis, and
There is no preventive and therapeutic effect to ich；Experimental group 4 adds Lignum Dalbergiae benthamii compared with control group 2 in feed, under saprolegniasis infection rate
38.7% is dropped, ich infection rate have dropped 23.6%；Experimental group is compared with control group 2, even if the surface of loach is present
Wound have dropped 67.5% by adding allicin and Lignum Dalbergiae benthamii, saprolegniasis infection rate in feed, ich infection rate
53.9% is have dropped, illustrates that allicin is respectively provided with good prevention effect to saprolegniasis and ich with Lignum Dalbergiae benthamii；Control
Group is 5 compared with control group 1, and by adding allicin and Lignum Dalbergiae benthamii in feed, saprolegniasis infection rate have dropped 21.9%, small
Melonworm disease infection rate have dropped 38%, illustrate allicin and Lignum Dalbergiae benthamii composition can strengthen loach to saprolegniasis and small melon
The immunity of parasitosis, there is preferable prevention effect to saprolegniasis and ich.
Although embodiment of the present invention is disclosed as above, it is not restricted in specification and embodiment listed
With it can be applied to various suitable the field of the invention completely, can be easily for those skilled in the art
Other modification is realized, therefore under the universal limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, it is of the invention and unlimited
In specific details and shown here as the legend with description.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of cultural method of loach, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
1) construction of culturing pool, the cross section of the culturing pool is square, and the culturing pool includes：
Core wall, it is located among the culturing pool so that the culturing pool is separated into left region and two, right region part, described
Space is left between the pool wall of core wall and the culturing pool so that the left region and right regional connectivity；
Rotifer breeding ponds, it is the independent cultivation section that filter screen is irised out in the culturing pool, and the bottom of the filter screen is provided with
Bottom plate, set on the filter screen and escape from hole, the size for escaping from hole is 0.5~1mm；Blowdown is cheated, and it is arranged on the cultivation
Bottom of pond portion, the bottom in the blowdown hole are provided with mudhole, and the mudhole connects with blow-off pipe；
Waterwheel aerator, it is arranged in the culturing pool；
Oxygen detector is dissolved, it is located at the bottom of culturing pool, and described dissolving oxygen detector is connected with electric-controlled switch electric signal, leads to
Cross the start and stop that electric-controlled switch controls the waterwheel aerator；
2) sterilization of the culturing pool, the deep water of 60~80cm is injected into the culturing pool, ozone is passed through and carries out disinfection；
3) water is educated at training bottom, and decomposed excrement and wormcast, inoculation chlorella, small ring algae, hidden algae and light are added into the culturing pool
Bacterium is closed, is cultivated 15~20 days；
4) loach fry is put in a suitable place to breed, selects physical strong, and body colour is bright, neat specification, a length of 5~6cm of body high quality seedling, makes
5~10min is soaked with 4%~5% saline solution, selects in put the culturing pool in a suitable place to breed in the morning of fine day, is cultivated toward wheel animalcule
Inoculating rotifer larva in pond；
5) feeding management, loach seedling respectively feed an autogamy feed in the morning, afternoon and evening daily after launching 2~3 days, the wheel animalcule is cultivated
When wheel animalcule quantity in pond is more than 120/mL, wheel animalcule is picked up into dispensing into culturing pool, it is past when water colour transparency is less than 20cm
Wheel animalcule larva is launched in the rotifer breeding ponds, when water colour transparency is higher than 30cm, decomposed excrement is added into the culturing pool
With wormcast, lasting cultivation, the loach is obtained.
2. the cultural method of loach according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the pond depth of the culturing pool be 100~
120cm, the areas of the rotifer breeding ponds account for the 10%~15% of the cultivation pool area, the bottom plate of the rotifer breeding ponds with
The distance of culturing pool bottom is 30~40cm, and the mesh number of the filter screen is 300~350 mesh.
3. the cultural method of loach according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the dissolving oxygen detector detection is water-bed molten
When solution oxygen is less than 3mg/L, the first signal is exported to electric-controlled switch, the electric-controlled switch starts waterwheel aerator work, described
When the water-bed dissolved oxygen of dissolving oxygen detector detection is more than 5mg/L, secondary signal is exported to electric-controlled switch, the electric-controlled switch stops
Waterwheel aerator works.
4. the cultural method of loach according to claim 1, it is characterised in that by cow dung, pig manure, chicken manure and sheep manure
One or more mix with stalk, and the weight ratio of mixing is 2~3:1, inoculation quality fraction is 5%~10%EM microbial inoculums, fermentation
The decomposed excrement is obtained after 20~30 days；One or more in cow dung, pig manure, chicken manure, sheep manure are mixed with manioc waste and supported
The wormcast is obtained after growing earthworm.
5. the cultural method of loach according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the chlorella, small ring algae, hidden algae and light
The cell density ratio for closing bacterium is 10~20:15~20：10~15：20~30.
6. the cultural method of loach according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 4), in the rotifer breeding ponds
The number for being inoculated with the wheel animalcule larva is 30~50/L.
7. the cultural method of loach according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the autogamy feed includes following parts by weight
Raw material：20~30 parts of earthworm, 10~20 parts of dregs of beans, 5~10 parts of spirulina powder, 20~30 parts of corn flour, 4~8 parts of allicin
And 3~5 parts of Lignum Dalbergiae benthamii.
8. the cultural method of loach according to claim 1, it is characterised in that each feeding volume of the autogamy feed is
The 2%~4% of loach weight.
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| CN112205349A (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-12 | 苏州鼎兴斯沃水产养殖设备有限公司 | Aquatic animal and plant symbiotic oxygenation system and construction method thereof |
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