CN107466920B - Ecological loach breeding method - Google Patents

Ecological loach breeding method Download PDF

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CN107466920B
CN107466920B CN201710730763.5A CN201710730763A CN107466920B CN 107466920 B CN107466920 B CN 107466920B CN 201710730763 A CN201710730763 A CN 201710730763A CN 107466920 B CN107466920 B CN 107466920B
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loach
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何亮
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/40—Culture of aquatic animals of annelids, e.g. lugworms or Eunice
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

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Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological loach breeding method, which comprises the following steps: 1) construction of a culture pond, the culture pond comprising: a water-proof wall, a daphnia breeding pond, a sewage draining pit, an insect luring light, a waterwheel type aerator and a dissolved oxygen detector; 2) sterilizing the culture pond; 3) culturing bottom breeding water, applying decomposed excrement and wormcast to the breeding pond, inoculating chlorella, microcystis, cryptophyceae and photosynthetic bacteria, and culturing for 15-20 days; 4) stocking loach fries and flea larvae; 5) feeding and managing, namely respectively feeding the loach seedlings with self-prepared feed once every morning, noon and evening after 2-3 days of putting the loach seedlings, putting daphnia larvae into the daphnia cultivation pool when the water color transparency is lower than 10cm, adding decomposed excrement and wormcast into the cultivation pool when the water color transparency is higher than 20cm, and continuously cultivating to obtain the loach. The breeding method of the invention has the advantages of no breeding sewage discharge, less feed feeding amount, high economic benefit and the like.

Description

Ecological loach breeding method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aquaculture, and particularly relates to an ecological loach breeding method.
Background
Loaches, as a famous and excellent freshwater fish, have the characteristics of high protein, low fat, rich nutrition and the like, and have fresh and tender meat and delicious taste, thereby being deeply popular in the market. Therefore, the intensive culture of the loaches is more and more favored by aquatic enterprises. However, the traditional culture method has the defects of large sewage discharge amount, low feed utilization rate, easy deterioration of water body and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide the loach breeding method which has no breeding sewage discharge, small feed feeding amount and high economic benefit.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an ecological loach breeding method comprises the following steps:
1) the construction of breeding the pond, breed pond cross section is square, breed the pond and include:
the water-stop wall is arranged in the middle of the culture pond and divides the culture pond into a left area and a right area, and a gap is reserved between the water-stop wall and the pond wall of the culture pond so as to communicate the left area and the right area;
the daphnia breeding pond is an independent breeding area in which a filter screen circles out of the breeding pond, a bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the filter screen, daphnia escape holes are formed in the filter screen, and the daphnia escape holes are connected with a one-way door;
the sewage draining pit is arranged at the bottom of the culture pond, and a sewage draining hole is formed in the bottom of the sewage draining pit and communicated with a sewage draining pipe;
the insect attracting lamp is arranged above the culture pond, and the distance from the insect attracting lamp to the water surface is 10-15 cm;
the waterwheel type aerator is arranged in the culture pond;
the dissolved oxygen detector is positioned at the bottom of the culture pond, is in electrical signal connection with the electric control switch and controls the start and stop of the waterwheel type aerator through the electric control switch;
2) sterilizing the culture pond, namely injecting water with the depth of 70-90 cm into the culture pond, introducing ozone for sterilization, and killing pathogenic microorganisms or fish eggs and the like;
3) culturing bottom breeding water, adding decomposed excrement and wormcast into the breeding pond, inoculating chlorella, microcystis, cryptophyceae and photosynthetic bacteria, and culturing for 15-20 days;
4) stocking loach seedlings, selecting high-quality seedlings which are strong in physique, bright in body color, regular in specification and 5-6 cm in body length, soaking the high-quality seedlings in 4-5% of salt solution for 5-10 min, stocking the high-quality seedlings in the breeding pond in the morning of sunny days, and inoculating daphnia magna larvae into the daphnia magna breeding pond;
5) feeding and managing, namely respectively feeding the loach seedlings with self-prepared feed once every morning, noon and evening after 2-3 days of putting the loach seedlings, putting daphnia larvae into the daphnia cultivation pool when the water color transparency is lower than 10cm, adding decomposed excrement and wormcast into the cultivation pool when the water color transparency is higher than 20cm, and continuously cultivating to obtain the loach. By regulating the water color, the microalgae in the culture pond can always keep higher productivity, and the daphnia can obtain higher yield, so that the feeding amount of the feed is reduced.
Preferably, the pond of breeding the pond is dark for 100 ~ 120cm, the area that the pond was cultivated to the water flea accounts for breed the pond area and be 25% ~ 35%, the bottom plate that the pond was cultivated to the water flea is cultivated and is bred the distance between bottom silt of the pond and be 30 ~ 40cm, the mesh number of filter screen is 300 ~ 350 meshes, the conical structure that the unidirectional door was made by the filter screen, the pointed end of unidirectional door is equipped with water flea clearing hole, the opposite side of unidirectional door is fixed the water flea escapes downtheholely. In the culture pond, the water flea culture pond is added to culture the water fleas, so that the algae in the water body can be promoted to be updated, the vigorous growth rate of the algae is kept, and when the density of the water fleas in the water flea culture pond is high, the water fleas can escape out of the one-way door and enter the culture pond to serve as the feed of the loaches, so that the feed cost is reduced.
Preferably, when the dissolved oxygen detector detects that the water bottom dissolved oxygen is lower than 4mg/L, the dissolved oxygen detector outputs a first signal to the electric control switch to enable the electric control switch to start the waterwheel type aerator to work, and when the dissolved oxygen detector detects that the water bottom dissolved oxygen is greater than 6mg/L, the dissolved oxygen detector outputs a second signal to the electric control switch to enable the electric control switch to stop the waterwheel type aerator to work. The dissolved oxygen detector monitors and regulates and controls the oxygen concentration at the bottom of the culture pond in real time, so that the dissolved oxygen in the water body of the culture pond is always at a higher level, and the water quality deterioration caused by the oxygen deficiency of the water body or the damage to the loach organism due to the oxygen deficiency is avoided.
Preferably, one or more of cow dung, pig dung, chicken dung and sheep dung are mixed with the straw in a weight ratio of 2-3: 1, and an EM microbial inoculum with the mass fraction of 5% -10% is inoculated for fermentation for 20-30 days to obtain decomposed manure; and mixing one or more of cow dung, pig dung, chicken dung and sheep dung with the cassava residue to breed earthworms to obtain the earthworm dung. After the excrement and the straws are fermented and decomposed by the EM microbial inoculum, a plurality of beneficial microorganisms such as fiber decomposing bacteria, protein decomposing bacteria, saccharomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and deodorizing bacteria and the like contain rich organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like, and a large amount of natural baits such as zooplankton and beneficial algae are suitable to be cultured, so that the number of artificially fed materials is reduced, the stocking survival rate of loaches is improved by more than 20%, the decomposed excrement contains a large amount of straws, sludge at the bottom of a culture pond is loosened, and harmful substances generated due to oxygen deficiency of the sludge are avoided.
Preferably, the cell density of the chlorella, the cryptophyceae and the photosynthetic bacteria is 10-20: 15-20: 10-15: 20 to 30. By directionally cultivating microalgae, beneficial microalgae can be in the status of dominant population, and outbreak of harmful blue-green algae is avoided.
Preferably, in the step 4), the number of the larvae of the daphnia in the daphnia breeding pond is 30-50 per liter. Inoculating a proper amount of daphnia is beneficial to controlling the density of microalgae in water, avoiding the aging of the microalgae and keeping the microalgae to grow better all the time.
Preferably, the self-prepared feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of earthworms, 10-20 parts of soybean meal, 5-10 parts of spirulina powder, 20-30 parts of corn flour, 2-4 parts of allicin and 1-3 parts of santalum kwangtungensis. The animal feed and the plant feed are matched, so that the nutrition is balanced, the allicin added in the feed can promote the digestion and absorption of the loaches and enhance the immunity of the loaches, and the Dalbergia cantonensis added in the feed can enhance the immunity of the loaches to saprolegniasis, enteritis and parasitic diseases.
Preferably, the feeding amount of the self-prepared feed is 0.5-2% of the weight of the loaches each time. The proper feed adding amount not only meets the nutritional requirement of loach growth, but also avoids water body deterioration caused by excessive feeding amount.
The invention has the advantages that: the daphnia breeding pond is added into the breeding pond to breed the daphnia, the daphnia ingests microalgae and organic matter fragments to effectively promote substance conversion in the breeding pond, microorganisms decompose and convert organic matters into inorganic salt, the inorganic salt is absorbed and utilized by the microalgae, the microalgae is ingested by the bred daphnia, the transparency of water color is controlled by controlling the quantity of the daphnia, and then the loach ingests the daphnia to transfer substances into the loach, so that the substance utilization rate is improved; the decayed excrement and a large amount of beneficial microorganisms in the earthworm excrement can decompose residual bait and loach excrement in time, so that water quality deterioration caused by large accumulation of organic matters is avoided, and automatic updating of underwater microorganisms is realized by periodically pumping out sludge in a sewage drainage pit, so that the microorganisms keep high decomposition capacity, and zero discharge of culture wastewater is realized; the allicin is added into the feed, so that the digestion and absorption of the loaches can be promoted, and the utilization rate of the feed is improved; the feed is added with the two kinds of wingceltis which can enhance the immunity of the loaches to saprolegniasis, enteritis, parasitic diseases and the like.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a culture pond of the loach culture method.
1, a culture pond; 2, a water-proof wall; 3, breeding the daphnia; 4, draining a sump; 5 waterwheel type aerator.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
Example 1
An ecological loach breeding method comprises the following steps:
1) the cultivation pond 1 is constructed, as shown in fig. 1, the cross section of the cultivation pond 1 is square, and the cultivation pond 1 comprises: the water-stop wall 2 is arranged in the middle of the culture pond 1 and divides the culture pond 1 into a left area and a right area, and a gap is reserved between the water-stop wall 2 and the pond wall of the culture pond 1 so as to communicate the left area and the right area;
the daphnia breeding pond 3 is an independent breeding section in which a filter screen circles out of the breeding pond, a bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the filter screen, daphnia escape holes are formed in the filter screen, and the daphnia escape holes are connected with a one-way door;
the sewage draining pit 4 is arranged at the bottom of the culture pond, a sewage draining hole is formed in the bottom of the sewage draining pit, and the sewage draining hole is communicated with a sewage draining pipe;
the insect attracting lamp is arranged above the culture pond, and the distance from the insect attracting lamp to the water surface is 10 cm;
the waterwheel type aerator 5 is arranged in the culture pond;
and the dissolved oxygen detector is positioned at the bottom of the culture pond, is in electric signal connection with the electric control switch and controls the start and stop of the waterwheel type aerator through the electric control switch.
2) And (3) sterilizing the culture pond 1, namely injecting water with the depth of 90cm into the culture pond 1, and introducing ozone for sterilization.
3) Culturing bottom breeding water, adding decomposed excrement and wormcast into the breeding pond 1, inoculating chlorella, microcystis, cryptophyceae and photosynthetic bacteria, and culturing for 15 days.
4) And (3) stocking loach fries, selecting high-quality fries which are strong in physique, bright in body color, regular in specification and 6cm in body length, soaking the fries in 4% saline solution for 10min, stocking the fries in the breeding pond 1 in the morning of sunny days, and adding daphnia larvae into the daphnia breeding pond 3.
5) Feeding and managing, namely respectively feeding the loach seedlings with self-prepared feed once every morning, noon and evening after 2 days of putting the loach seedlings, putting daphnia larvae into the daphnia cultivation pool 3 when the water color transparency is lower than 10cm, adding decomposed excrement and wormcast into the cultivation pool 1 when the water color transparency is higher than 20cm, and continuously cultivating to obtain the loach.
The daphnia breeding pond is added into the breeding pond to breed the daphnia, the daphnia ingests microalgae and organic matter fragments, substance conversion in the breeding pond is effectively promoted, in the breeding pond, organic matters are decomposed and converted into inorganic salt by microorganisms, the inorganic salt is absorbed and utilized by the microalgae, the microalgae are ingested by the bred daphnia, and then the substances are transferred into the loaches by the loaches ingesting the daphnia, so that the substance utilization rate is improved, and the feed feeding amount is reduced by more than 5%; the decayed excrement and a large amount of beneficial microorganisms in the earthworm excrement can decompose residual bait and loach excrement in time, so that water quality deterioration caused by large accumulation of organic matters is avoided, and automatic updating of underwater microorganisms is realized by periodically pumping out sludge in a sewage drainage pit, so that the microorganisms keep high decomposition capacity, and zero discharge of culture wastewater is realized; the allicin is added into the feed, so that the digestion and absorption of the loaches can be promoted, and the utilization rate of the feed is improved; the feed is added with the two kinds of wingceltis which can enhance the immunity of the loaches to saprolegniasis, enteritis, parasitic diseases and the like; through setting up insect and luring the light, lure the insect near the breed pond to get into and breed the pond and supply earthworm to prey, reduce the fodder cost more than 5%.
Example 2
An ecological loach breeding method comprises the following steps:
1) the cultivation pond 1 is constructed, as shown in fig. 1, the cross section of the cultivation pond 1 is square, the pond depth of the cultivation pond is 100cm, and the cultivation pond 1 comprises:
the water-stop wall 2 is arranged in the middle of the culture pond 1 and divides the culture pond into a left area and a right area, and a gap is reserved between the water-stop wall 2 and the pond wall of the culture pond 1 so as to communicate the left area and the right area;
pool 3 is cultivated to the water flea, and it is in by 350 mesh filter screen the independent cultivation section of circling out in the pool breeds, the bottom of filter screen is provided with the bottom plate, it escapes the hole to set up the water flea on the filter screen, the water flea escapes the hole and is connected with the unidirectional door, the conical structure that the unidirectional door was made by the filter screen, the pointed end of unidirectional door is equipped with the water flea clearing hole, the opposite side of unidirectional door is fixed the water flea escapes downtheholely, the area that pool 3 was cultivated to the water flea accounts for 1 area of breed pool is 25%;
the sewage draining pit 4 is arranged at the bottom of the culture pond, a sewage draining hole is formed in the bottom of the sewage draining pit, and the sewage draining hole is communicated with a sewage draining pipe;
the insect attracting lamp is arranged above the culture pond, and the distance from the insect attracting lamp to the water surface is 10 cm;
the waterwheel type aerator 5 is arranged in the culture pond;
and the dissolved oxygen detector is positioned at the bottom of the culture pond, is in electric signal connection with the electric control switch and controls the start and stop of the waterwheel type aerator through the electric control switch.
2) And (3) sterilizing the culture pond 1, namely injecting water with the depth of 90cm into the culture pond 1, and introducing ozone water for sterilization.
3) Culturing bottom breeding water, adding decomposed excrement and wormcast into the breeding pond 1, inoculating chlorella, microcystis, cryptophyceae and photosynthetic bacteria, and culturing for 15 days.
4) And (3) stocking loach fries, selecting high-quality fries which are strong in physique, bright in body color, regular in specification and 6cm in body length, soaking the fries in 4% saline solution for 10min, stocking the fries in the breeding pond 1 in the morning of sunny days, and inoculating daphnia larvae into the daphnia breeding pond 3.
5) Feeding and managing, namely respectively feeding the loach seedlings with self-prepared feed once every morning, noon and evening after 2 days of putting the loach seedlings, putting daphnia larvae into the daphnia cultivation pool 3 when the water color transparency is lower than 10cm, adding decomposed excrement and wormcast into the cultivation pool 1 when the water color transparency is higher than 20cm, and continuously cultivating to obtain the loach.
In the culture pond, the water flea culture pond is added to culture the water fleas, so that the algae in the water body can be promoted to be updated, the vigorous growth rate of the algae is kept, the directionally cultured beneficial microalgae can be kept stable in the whole culture period, the water fleas in the water flea culture pond can escape through the one-way door and enter the culture pond to serve as the feed of the loaches, and the feed cost is reduced by over 5 percent.
Example 3
An ecological loach breeding method comprises the following steps:
1) the cultivation pond 1 is constructed, as shown in fig. 1, the cross section of the cultivation pond 1 is square, the pond depth of the cultivation pond is 100cm, and the cultivation pond 1 comprises:
the water-stop wall 2 is arranged in the middle of the culture pond 1 and divides the culture pond into a left area and a right area, and a gap is reserved between the water-stop wall 2 and the pond wall of the culture pond 1 so as to communicate the left area and the right area;
pool 3 is cultivated to the water flea, and it is in by 350 mesh filter screen the independent cultivation section of circling out in the pool breeds, the bottom of filter screen is provided with the bottom plate, it escapes the hole to set up the water flea on the filter screen, the water flea escapes the hole and is connected with the unidirectional door, the conical structure that the unidirectional door was made by the filter screen, the pointed end of unidirectional door is equipped with the water flea clearing hole, the opposite side of unidirectional door is fixed the water flea escapes downtheholely, the area that pool 3 was cultivated to the water flea accounts for 1 area of breed pool is 25%;
the sewage draining pit 4 is arranged at the bottom of the culture pond, a sewage draining hole is formed in the bottom of the sewage draining pit, and the sewage draining hole is communicated with a sewage draining pipe;
the insect attracting lamp is arranged above the culture pond, and the distance from the insect attracting lamp to the water surface is 10 cm;
the waterwheel type aerator 5 is arranged in the culture pond;
dissolved oxygen detector, its bottom that is located the breed pond, dissolved oxygen detector and automatically controlled switch signal of telecommunication be connected, through automatically controlled on-off control start-stop of waterwheel formula oxygen-increasing machine, when dissolved oxygen detector detects submarine dissolved oxygen and is less than 3mg/L, to the first signal of automatically controlled switch output, make automatically controlled switch start waterwheel formula oxygen-increasing machine work, when dissolved oxygen detector detects submarine dissolved oxygen and is greater than 5mg/L, to automatically controlled switch output second signal, make automatically controlled switch stop waterwheel formula oxygen-increasing machine work.
2) And (3) sterilizing the culture pond 1, injecting water with the depth of 90cm into the culture pond 1, introducing ozone for sterilizing, and standing for 1-3 days.
3) Culturing bottom breeding water, adding decomposed excrement and wormcast into the breeding pond 1, inoculating chlorella, microcystis, cryptophyceae and photosynthetic bacteria, and culturing for 15 days.
4) And (3) stocking loach fries, selecting high-quality fries which are strong in physique, bright in body color, regular in specification and 6cm in body length, soaking the fries in 4% saline solution for 10min, stocking the fries in the breeding pond 1 in the morning of sunny days, and inoculating daphnia larvae into the daphnia breeding pond 3.
5) Feeding and managing, namely respectively feeding the loach seedlings with self-prepared feed once every morning, noon and evening after 2 days of putting the loach seedlings, putting daphnia larvae into the daphnia cultivation pool 3 when the water color transparency is lower than 10cm, adding decomposed excrement and wormcast into the cultivation pool 1 when the water color transparency is higher than 20cm, and continuously cultivating to obtain the loach.
The dissolved oxygen detector monitors and regulates and controls the oxygen concentration at the bottom of the culture pond in real time, so that the dissolved oxygen in the water body of the culture pond is always at a higher level, and various diseases caused by water quality deterioration caused by oxygen deficiency of the water body at the bottom of the culture pond or damage to loach organisms caused by the oxygen deficiency are avoided.
Example 4
An ecological loach breeding method comprises the following steps:
1) the cultivation pond 1 is constructed, as shown in fig. 1, the cross section of the cultivation pond 1 is square, the pond depth of the cultivation pond is 100cm, and the cultivation pond 1 comprises:
the water-stop wall 2 is arranged in the middle of the culture pond 1 and divides the culture pond into a left area and a right area, and a gap is reserved between the water-stop wall 2 and the pond wall of the culture pond 1 so as to communicate the left area and the right area;
pool 3 is cultivated to the water flea, and it is in by 300 mesh filter screen the independent cultivation section of circling out in the pool breeds, the bottom of filter screen is provided with the bottom plate, it escapes the hole to set up the water flea on the filter screen, the water flea escapes the hole and is connected with the unidirectional door, the conical structure that the unidirectional door was made by the filter screen, the pointed end of unidirectional door is equipped with the water flea clearing hole, the opposite side of unidirectional door is fixed the water flea escapes downtheholely, the area that pool 3 was cultivated to the water flea accounts for 1 area of breed pool is 25%;
the sewage draining pit 4 is arranged at the bottom of the culture pond, a sewage draining hole is formed in the bottom of the sewage draining pit, and the sewage draining hole is communicated with a sewage draining pipe;
the insect attracting lamp is arranged above the culture pond, and the distance from the insect attracting lamp to the water surface is 10 cm;
the waterwheel type aerator 5 is arranged in the culture pond;
dissolved oxygen detector, its bottom that is located the breed pond, dissolved oxygen detector and automatically controlled switch signal of telecommunication be connected, through automatically controlled on-off control start-stop of waterwheel formula oxygen-increasing machine, when dissolved oxygen detector detects submarine dissolved oxygen and is less than 3mg/L, to the first signal of automatically controlled switch output, make automatically controlled switch start waterwheel formula oxygen-increasing machine work, when dissolved oxygen detector detects submarine dissolved oxygen and is greater than 5mg/L, to automatically controlled switch output second signal, make automatically controlled switch stop waterwheel formula oxygen-increasing machine work.
2) And (3) sterilizing the culture pond 1, namely injecting water with the depth of 90cm into the culture pond 1, and introducing ozone water for sterilization.
3) Cultivating bottom breeding water, mixing cow dung and straws in a weight ratio of 2:1, inoculating an EM microbial inoculum with the mass fraction of 5%, fermenting for 20 days to obtain decomposed manure, mixing the cow dung and the cassava residue to breed earthworms to obtain earthworm manure, applying the decomposed manure and the earthworm manure to the breeding pond 1, inoculating chlorella, cryptophyceae and photosynthetic bacteria, and breeding for 20 days.
4) And (3) stocking loach fries, selecting high-quality fries which are strong in physique, bright in body color, regular in specification and 6cm in body length, soaking the fries in 4% saline solution for 10min, stocking the fries in the breeding pond 1 in the morning of sunny days, and inoculating daphnia larvae into the daphnia breeding pond 3.
5) Feeding and managing, namely respectively feeding the loach seedlings with self-prepared feed once every morning, noon and evening after 2 days of putting the loach seedlings, putting daphnia larvae into the daphnia cultivation pool 3 when the water color transparency is lower than 10cm, adding decomposed excrement and wormcast into the cultivation pool 1 when the water color transparency is higher than 20cm, and continuously cultivating to obtain the loach.
After the excrement and the straws are fermented and decomposed by the EM microbial inoculum, a plurality of beneficial microorganisms such as fiber decomposing bacteria, protein decomposing bacteria, saccharomycetes, photosynthetic bacteria, lactic acid bacteria and deodorizing bacteria and the like contain rich organic matters, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and the like, and the method is suitable for culturing a large amount of natural baits such as zooplankton and beneficial algae, so that the number of the artificially fed baits is reduced, the survival rate of loach seedlings is improved by more than 20% due to the rich baits and microorganisms, the decomposed excrement contains a large amount of straws, so that the sludge at the bottom of the culture pond is looser, and harmful substances generated due to the anoxic sludge are avoided.
Example 5
An ecological loach breeding method comprises the following steps:
1) the cultivation pond 1 is constructed, as shown in fig. 1, the cross section of the cultivation pond 1 is square, the pond depth of the cultivation pond is 100cm, and the cultivation pond 1 comprises:
the water-stop wall 2 is arranged in the middle of the culture pond 1 and divides the culture pond into a left area and a right area, and a gap is reserved between the water-stop wall 2 and the pond wall of the culture pond 1 so as to communicate the left area and the right area;
pool 3 is cultivated to the water flea, and it is in by 350 mesh filter screen the independent cultivation section of circling out in the pool breeds, the bottom of filter screen is provided with the bottom plate, it escapes the hole to set up the water flea on the filter screen, the water flea escapes the hole and is connected with the unidirectional door, the conical structure that the unidirectional door was made by the filter screen, the pointed end of unidirectional door is equipped with the water flea clearing hole, the opposite side of unidirectional door is fixed the water flea escapes downtheholely, the area that pool 3 was cultivated to the water flea accounts for 1 area of breed pool is 25%;
the sewage draining pit 4 is arranged at the bottom of the culture pond, a sewage draining hole is formed in the bottom of the sewage draining pit, and the sewage draining hole is communicated with a sewage draining pipe;
the insect attracting lamp is arranged above the culture pond, and the distance from the insect attracting lamp to the water surface is 10 cm;
the waterwheel type aerator 5 is arranged in the culture pond;
dissolved oxygen detector, its bottom that is located the breed pond, dissolved oxygen detector and automatically controlled switch signal of telecommunication be connected, through automatically controlled on-off control start-stop of waterwheel formula oxygen-increasing machine, when dissolved oxygen detector detects submarine dissolved oxygen and is less than 3mg/L, to the first signal of automatically controlled switch output, make automatically controlled switch start waterwheel formula oxygen-increasing machine work, when dissolved oxygen detector detects submarine dissolved oxygen and is greater than 5mg/L, to automatically controlled switch output second signal, make automatically controlled switch stop waterwheel formula oxygen-increasing machine work.
2) And (3) sterilizing the culture pond 1, namely injecting water with the depth of 90cm into the culture pond 1, and introducing ozone for sterilization.
3) Culturing bottom breeding water, mixing cow dung and straw in a weight ratio of 2:1, inoculating an EM microbial inoculum with the mass fraction of 5%, fermenting for 20 days to obtain decomposed manure, mixing the cow dung and the cassava residue to breed earthworms to obtain earthworm manure, applying the decomposed manure and the earthworm manure to the culture pond 1, and inoculating the mixture with the cell density ratio of 10: 15: 15: 30 chlorella, cryptophyceae, and photosynthetic bacteria, and culturing for 15 days.
4) And (3) stocking loach fries, selecting high-quality fries which are strong in physique, bright in body color, regular in specification and 6cm in body length, soaking the fries in 4% saline solution for 10min, stocking the fries in the breeding pond 1 in the morning of sunny days, and inoculating daphnia larvae into the daphnia breeding pond 3.
5) Feeding and managing, namely respectively feeding the loach seedlings with self-prepared feed once every morning, noon and evening after 2 days of putting the loach seedlings, putting daphnia larvae into the daphnia cultivation pool 3 when the water color transparency is lower than 10cm, adding decomposed excrement and wormcast into the cultivation pool 1 when the water color transparency is higher than 20cm, and continuously cultivating to obtain the loach.
By directionally cultivating microalgae, beneficial microalgae can be in the status of dominant population, and outbreak of harmful blue-green algae is avoided.
Example 6
An ecological loach breeding method comprises the following steps:
1) the cultivation pond 1 is constructed, as shown in fig. 1, the cross section of the cultivation pond 1 is square, the pond depth of the cultivation pond is 100cm, and the cultivation pond 1 comprises:
the water-stop wall 2 is arranged in the middle of the culture pond 1 and divides the culture pond into a left area and a right area, and a gap is reserved between the water-stop wall 2 and the pond wall of the culture pond 1 so as to communicate the left area and the right area;
pool 3 is cultivated to the water flea, and it is in by 350 mesh filter screen the independent cultivation section of circling out in the pool breeds, the bottom of filter screen is provided with the bottom plate, it escapes the hole to set up the water flea on the filter screen, the water flea escapes the hole and is connected with the unidirectional door, the conical structure that the unidirectional door was made by the filter screen, the pointed end of unidirectional door is equipped with the water flea clearing hole, the opposite side of unidirectional door is fixed the water flea escapes downtheholely, the area that pool 3 was cultivated to the water flea accounts for 1 area of breed pool is 25%;
the sewage draining pit 4 is arranged at the bottom of the culture pond, a sewage draining hole is formed in the bottom of the sewage draining pit, and the sewage draining hole is communicated with a sewage draining pipe;
the insect attracting lamp is arranged above the culture pond, and the distance from the insect attracting lamp to the water surface is 10 cm;
the waterwheel type aerator 5 is arranged in the culture pond;
dissolved oxygen detector, its bottom that is located the breed pond, dissolved oxygen detector and automatically controlled switch signal of telecommunication be connected, through automatically controlled on-off control start-stop of waterwheel formula oxygen-increasing machine, when dissolved oxygen detector detects submarine dissolved oxygen and is less than 3mg/L, to the first signal of automatically controlled switch output, make automatically controlled switch start waterwheel formula oxygen-increasing machine work, when dissolved oxygen detector detects submarine dissolved oxygen and is greater than 5mg/L, to automatically controlled switch output second signal, make automatically controlled switch stop waterwheel formula oxygen-increasing machine work.
2) And (3) sterilizing the culture pond 1, namely injecting 90cm of water into the culture pond 1, and introducing ozone water for sterilization.
3) Culturing bottom breeding water, mixing cow dung and straw in a weight ratio of 2:1, inoculating an EM microbial inoculum with the mass fraction of 5%, fermenting for 20 days to obtain decomposed manure, mixing the cow dung and the cassava residue to breed earthworms to obtain earthworm manure, adding the decomposed manure and the earthworm manure into the culture pond 1, and inoculating the mixture with the cell density ratio of 10: 15: 15: 30 chlorella, cryptophyceae, and photosynthetic bacteria, and culturing for 15 days.
4) And (3) stocking loach fries, selecting high-quality fries which are strong in physique, bright in body color, regular in specification and 6cm in body length, soaking the fries in 4% saline solution for 10min, stocking the fries in the breeding pond 1 in the morning of sunny days, and inoculating 50/L daphnia flea larvae into the daphnia flea breeding pond 3.
5) Feeding and managing, namely respectively feeding the loach seedlings with self-prepared feed once every morning, noon and evening after 2 days of putting the loach seedlings, putting daphnia larvae into the daphnia cultivation pool 3 when the water color transparency is lower than 10cm, adding decomposed excrement and wormcast into the cultivation pool 1 when the water color transparency is higher than 20cm, and continuously cultivating to obtain the loach.
Inoculating a proper amount of daphnia is beneficial to controlling the density of microalgae in water, avoiding the aging of the microalgae and keeping the microalgae to grow better all the time.
Example 7
An ecological loach breeding method comprises the following steps:
1) the cultivation pond 1 is constructed, as shown in fig. 1, the cross section of the cultivation pond 1 is square, the pond depth of the cultivation pond is 100cm, and the cultivation pond 1 comprises:
the water-stop wall 2 is arranged in the middle of the culture pond 1 and divides the culture pond into a left area and a right area, and a gap is reserved between the water-stop wall 2 and the pond wall of the culture pond 1 so as to communicate the left area and the right area;
pool 3 is cultivated to the water flea, and it is in by 350 mesh filter screen the independent cultivation section of circling out in the pool breeds, the bottom of filter screen is provided with the bottom plate, it escapes the hole to set up the water flea on the filter screen, the water flea escapes the hole and is connected with the unidirectional door, the conical structure that the unidirectional door was made by the filter screen, the pointed end of unidirectional door is equipped with the water flea clearing hole, the opposite side of unidirectional door is fixed the water flea escapes downtheholely, the area that pool 3 was cultivated to the water flea accounts for 1 area of breed pool is 25%;
the sewage draining pit 4 is arranged at the bottom of the culture pond, a sewage draining hole is formed in the bottom of the sewage draining pit, and the sewage draining hole is communicated with a sewage draining pipe;
the insect attracting lamp is arranged above the culture pond, and the distance from the insect attracting lamp to the water surface is 10 cm;
the waterwheel type aerator 5 is arranged in the culture pond;
dissolved oxygen detector, its bottom that is located the breed pond, dissolved oxygen detector and automatically controlled switch signal of telecommunication be connected, through automatically controlled on-off control start-stop of waterwheel formula oxygen-increasing machine, when dissolved oxygen detector detects submarine dissolved oxygen and is less than 3mg/L, to the first signal of automatically controlled switch output, make automatically controlled switch start waterwheel formula oxygen-increasing machine work, when dissolved oxygen detector detects submarine dissolved oxygen and is greater than 5mg/L, to automatically controlled switch output second signal, make automatically controlled switch stop waterwheel formula oxygen-increasing machine work.
2) And (3) sterilizing the culture pond 1, namely injecting 90cm of water into the culture pond 1, and introducing ozone water for sterilization.
3) Culturing bottom breeding water, mixing cow dung and straw in a weight ratio of 2:1, inoculating an EM microbial inoculum with the mass fraction of 5%, fermenting for 20 days to obtain decomposed manure, mixing the cow dung and the cassava residue to breed earthworms to obtain earthworm manure, adding the decomposed manure and the earthworm manure into the culture pond 1, and inoculating the mixture with the cell density ratio of 10: 15: 15: 30 chlorella, cryptophyceae, and photosynthetic bacteria, and culturing for 15 days.
4) And (3) stocking loach fries, selecting high-quality fries which are strong in physique, bright in body color, regular in specification and 6cm in body length, soaking the fries in 4% saline solution for 10min, stocking the fries in the breeding pond 1 in the morning of sunny days, and inoculating 50/L daphnia flea larvae into the daphnia flea breeding pond 3.
5) Feeding management, according to parts by weight, mixing 10 parts of earthworms, 20 parts of bean pulp, 5 parts of spirulina powder, 20 parts of corn flour, 2 parts of garlicin and 1 part of two-Yue-huang sandalwood to obtain a self-prepared feed, feeding the loach seedlings with the self-prepared feed for 2 days each day in the morning, at noon and at night, feeding daphnia larvae into the daphnia cultivation pool 3 when the water color transparency is lower than 10cm, adding decomposed excrement and wormcast into the cultivation pool 1 when the water color transparency is higher than 20cm, and continuously cultivating to obtain the loach.
The animal feed and the plant feed are matched, so that the nutrition is balanced, the allicin added in the feed can promote the digestion and absorption of the loaches and enhance the immunity of the loaches, and the Dalbergia cantonensis added in the feed can enhance the immunity of the loaches to saprolegniasis, enteritis and parasitic diseases.
Example 8
An ecological loach breeding method comprises the following steps:
1) the cultivation pond 1 is constructed, as shown in fig. 1, the cross section of the cultivation pond 1 is square, the pond depth of the cultivation pond is 100cm, and the cultivation pond 1 comprises:
the water-stop wall 2 is arranged in the middle of the culture pond 1 and divides the culture pond into a left area and a right area, and a gap is reserved between the water-stop wall 2 and the pond wall of the culture pond 1 so as to communicate the left area and the right area;
pool 3 is cultivated to the water flea, and it is in by 350 mesh filter screen the independent cultivation section of circling out in the pool breeds, the bottom of filter screen is provided with the bottom plate, it escapes the hole to set up the water flea on the filter screen, the water flea escapes the hole and is connected with the unidirectional door, the conical structure that the unidirectional door was made by the filter screen, the pointed end of unidirectional door is equipped with the water flea clearing hole, the opposite side of unidirectional door is fixed the water flea escapes downtheholely, the area that pool 3 was cultivated to the water flea accounts for 1 area of breed pool is 25%;
the sewage draining pit 4 is arranged at the bottom of the culture pond, a sewage draining hole is formed in the bottom of the sewage draining pit, and the sewage draining hole is communicated with a sewage draining pipe;
the insect attracting lamp is arranged above the culture pond, and the distance from the insect attracting lamp to the water surface is 10 cm;
the waterwheel type aerator 5 is arranged in the culture pond;
dissolved oxygen detector, its bottom that is located the breed pond, dissolved oxygen detector and automatically controlled switch signal of telecommunication be connected, through automatically controlled on-off control start-stop of waterwheel formula oxygen-increasing machine, when dissolved oxygen detector detects submarine dissolved oxygen and is less than 3mg/L, to the first signal of automatically controlled switch output, make automatically controlled switch start waterwheel formula oxygen-increasing machine work, when dissolved oxygen detector detects submarine dissolved oxygen and is greater than 5mg/L, to automatically controlled switch output second signal, make automatically controlled switch stop waterwheel formula oxygen-increasing machine work.
2) And (3) sterilizing the culture pond 1, namely injecting 90cm of water into the culture pond 1, and introducing ozone water for sterilization.
3) Culturing bottom breeding water, mixing cow dung and straw in a weight ratio of 2:1, inoculating an EM microbial inoculum with the mass fraction of 5%, fermenting for 20 days to obtain decomposed manure, mixing the cow dung and the cassava residue to breed earthworms to obtain earthworm manure, adding the decomposed manure and the earthworm manure into the culture pond 1, and inoculating the mixture with the cell density ratio of 10: 15: 15: 30 chlorella, cryptophyceae, and photosynthetic bacteria, and culturing for 15 days.
4) And (3) stocking loach fries, selecting high-quality fries which are strong in physique, bright in body color, regular in specification and 6cm in body length, soaking the fries in 4% saline solution for 10min, stocking the fries in the breeding pond 1 in the morning of sunny days, and inoculating 50/L daphnia flea larvae into the daphnia flea breeding pond 3.
5) Feeding management, according to parts by weight, mixing 10 parts of earthworms, 20 parts of soybean meal, 5 parts of spirulina powder, 20 parts of corn flour, 2 parts of allicin and 1 part of santalum kwangsiensis to obtain a self-prepared feed, feeding the self-prepared feed with the weight of 0.5% of the loach once every morning, noon and evening after 2 days of putting loach seedlings, putting daphnia larvae into the daphnia cultivation pool 3 when the water color transparency is lower than 10cm, adding rotten excrement and wormcast into the cultivation pool 1 when the water color transparency is higher than 20cm, and continuously cultivating the loach to obtain the loach.
The proper feed adding amount not only meets the nutritional requirement of loach growth, but also avoids water body deterioration caused by excessive feeding amount.
Example 9
A comparison experiment, 250 healthy young loaches 5-6 cm long are placed in a culture pond and divided into 5 groups, the experimental group and the control group 5 are used for loach culture according to the culture method provided by the embodiment 8, the control group 1 is used for loach culture according to the culture method provided by the embodiment 8, but no garlicin and santalum cantonensis are added to the feed in the culture process, the control group 2 is used for loach culture according to the culture method provided by the embodiment 8, but no garlicin and santalum albugineum are added to the feed in the culture process, the control group 3 is used for loach culture according to the culture method provided by the embodiment 8, but the garlicin and santalum cantonensis are added to the feed in the culture process, the control group 4 is used for loach culture according to the culture method provided by the embodiment 8, but two santalum albus and no garlicin are added to the feed in the culture process, the other culture steps are the same, and the experimental group and the breeding steps are carried out after 10 days of yue culture, The loaches of the control group 2, the control group 3 and the control group 4 slightly cut wounds on the backs, 500/mL of saprolegnia spores or 100/mL of ichthyophthirius multifiliis are put into the aquaculture water of the experimental group, the control group 1, the control group 2, the control group 3, the control group 4 and the control group 5, and the loaches are continuously fed for 50 days, and the observation results are shown in the following table:
infection rate of saprolegniasis Infection rate of ichthyophthiriasis
Control group
1 35.4％ 60.3％
Control group
2 95.4％ 97.4％
Control group
3 60.5％ 96.5％
Control group
4 56.7％ 73.8％
Control group
5 13.5％ 22.3％
Experimental group 27.9％ 43.5％
From the above results, it is known from the experimental results of the control group 1 that even though there is no artificial wound on the surface of the loach, when the concentration of saprolegnia spores or ichthyophthirius multiformis in water is high, the probability of infection of the loach with saprolegniasis and ichthyophthiriasis is still high, the infection rate of saprolegniasis is 35.4%, and the infection rate of ichthyophthiriasis is as high as 60.3%. The saprolegniasis infection rate of the loach in the control group 2 is 95.4%, the infection rate of the ichthyophthiriasis is 97.4%, and compared with the control group 3, the feed added with the allicin has the advantages that the saprolegniasis infection rate is reduced by 34.9%, the ichthyophthiriasis infection rate is reduced by 0.9%, which shows that the allicin has a certain prevention and treatment effect on the saprolegniasis, but has no prevention and treatment effect on the ichthyophthiriasis; compared with the control group 2, the feed of the control group 4 added with the Dalbergia cochinchinensis has 38.7 percent of saprolegniasis infection rate and 23.6 percent of ichthyophthiriasis infection rate; compared with the control group 2, the experimental group has the advantages that the saprolegniasis infection rate is reduced by 67.5% and the ichthyophthiriasis infection rate is reduced by 53.9% by adding the garlicin and the santalum kwangtungensis into the feed even if the wound exists on the surface of the loach, so that the garlicin and the santalum kwangtungensis have good prevention and treatment effects on the saprolegniasis and the ichthyophthiriasis; compared with the control group 1, the control group 5 has the advantages that the feed is added with the garlicin and the two-Yue-Huang sandalwood, the saprolegniasis infection rate is reduced by 21.9%, and the ichthyophthiriasis infection rate is reduced by 38%, so that the composition of the garlicin and the two-Yue-Huang sandalwood can enhance the immunity of loaches to the saprolegniasis and the ichthyophthiriasis, and has a good prevention and treatment effect on the saprolegniasis and the ichthyophthiriasis.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. The ecological loach breeding method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) the construction of breeding the pond, breed pond cross section is square, breed the pond and include:
the water-stop wall is arranged in the middle of the culture pond and divides the culture pond into a left area and a right area, and a gap is reserved between the water-stop wall and the pond wall of the culture pond so as to communicate the left area and the right area;
the daphnia breeding pond is an independent breeding area in which a filter screen circles out of the breeding pond, a bottom plate is arranged at the bottom of the filter screen, daphnia escape holes are formed in the filter screen, and the daphnia escape holes are connected with a one-way door;
the sewage draining pit is arranged at the bottom of the culture pond, and a sewage draining hole is formed in the bottom of the sewage draining pit and communicated with a sewage draining pipe;
the insect attracting lamp is arranged above the culture pond, and the distance from the insect attracting lamp to the water surface is 10-15 cm;
the waterwheel type aerator is arranged in the culture pond;
the dissolved oxygen detector is positioned at the bottom of the culture pond, is in electric signal connection with the electric control switch, and controls the start and stop of the waterwheel type aerator through the electric control switch;
2) sterilizing the culture pond, namely injecting water with the depth of 70-90 cm into the culture pond, and introducing ozone for sterilization;
3) culturing bottom breeding water, adding decomposed excrement and wormcast into the breeding pond, inoculating chlorella, microcystis, cryptophyceae and photosynthetic bacteria, and culturing for 15-20 days;
4) stocking loach seedlings, selecting high-quality seedlings which are strong in physique, bright in body color, regular in specification and 5-6 cm in body length, soaking the high-quality seedlings in 4-5% of salt solution for 5-10 min, stocking the high-quality seedlings in the breeding pond in the morning of sunny days, and inoculating daphnia magna larvae into the daphnia magna breeding pond;
5) feeding and managing, namely respectively feeding the loach seedlings with self-prepared feed once in the morning, at noon and at night after 2-3 days of putting the loach seedlings, putting daphnia larvae into the daphnia cultivation pool when the water color transparency is lower than 10cm, adding decomposed excrement and wormcast into the cultivation pool when the water color transparency is higher than 20cm, and continuously cultivating to obtain the loach.
2. The ecological loach breeding method according to claim 1, wherein the depth of the breeding pond is 100-120 cm, the area of the daphnia breeding pond accounts for 25-35% of the area of the breeding pond, the distance between the bottom plate of the daphnia breeding pond and the bottom of the breeding pond is 30-40 cm, the mesh number of the filter screen is 300-350 meshes, the one-way door is of a conical structure made of the filter screen, the tip of the one-way door is provided with a daphnia passing hole, and the other side of the one-way door is fixed in the daphnia escaping hole.
3. The ecological loach culturing method according to claim 1, wherein when the dissolved oxygen detector detects that the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water bottom is less than 4mg/L, the dissolved oxygen detector outputs a first signal to the electric control switch to enable the electric control switch to start the waterwheel type aerator to operate, and when the dissolved oxygen detector detects that the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water bottom is greater than 6mg/L, the dissolved oxygen detector outputs a second signal to the electric control switch to enable the electric control switch to stop the waterwheel type aerator to operate.
4. The ecological loach breeding method according to claim 1, wherein one or more of cow dung, pig dung, chicken dung and sheep dung are mixed with the straw in a weight ratio of 2-3: 1, an EM microbial inoculum with a mass fraction of 5-10% is inoculated, and decomposed manure is obtained after fermentation for 20-30 days; and mixing one or more of cow dung, pig dung, chicken dung and sheep dung with the cassava residue to breed earthworms to obtain the earthworm dung.
5. The ecological loach cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the cell density ratio of the chlorella, the Cyclotella annulata, the Cryptophyta and the photosynthetic bacteria is 10-20: 15-20: 10-15: 20 to 30.
6. The ecological loach breeding method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4), the number of the daphnia larvae inoculated in the daphnia breeding pond is 30-50/L.
7. The ecological loach breeding method according to claim 1, wherein the self-prepared feed comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of earthworms, 10-20 parts of soybean meal, 5-10 parts of spirulina powder, 20-30 parts of corn flour, 2-4 parts of allicin and 1-3 parts of santalum kwangtungensis.
8. The ecological loach breeding method according to claim 1, wherein the feeding amount of the self-prepared feed is 0.5-2% of the weight of the loach.
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CN106665429A (en) * 2016-12-23 2017-05-17 浙江海洋大学 Method for breeding loaches through bacterial-phase water system

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