CN107409729A - A kind of lotus rhizome field set supports the breeding method of cray - Google Patents
A kind of lotus rhizome field set supports the breeding method of cray Download PDFInfo
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- CN107409729A CN107409729A CN201710774944.8A CN201710774944A CN107409729A CN 107409729 A CN107409729 A CN 107409729A CN 201710774944 A CN201710774944 A CN 201710774944A CN 107409729 A CN107409729 A CN 107409729A
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to crops plantation, technical field of aquaculture, specially a kind of lotus rhizome field set supports the breeding method of cray, and the time planted and cultivated by construction lotus rhizome field irrigation facility, selection, lotus rhizome cultivation management, totally 4 steps form for cray feeding management.Cray is supported by making full use of the Water space of lotus rhizome field field to cover, the pasture and water of lotus rhizome Tanaka, biological feed can be as the natural feeds of cray first, both the effect for the ecology weeding of lotus rhizome field had been served, the utilization rate in lotus rhizome field is improved again, secondly the excreta of cray can also be that lotus rhizome field increases organic fertilizer, benign cycle is realized, therefore is had broad application prospects in crops plantation, technical field of aquaculture, is adapted to industrialization extensive development to utilize.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to crops plantation, technical field of aquaculture, specially a kind of lotus rhizome field set supports the kind of cray
The method of supporting.
Background technology
Lotus rhizome belongs to Magnoliidae, the wild mesh of mountain dragon.Happiness is warm, not shade tolerant, unsuitable water shortage, strong wind.The micro- sweet tea of lotus rhizome and it is crisp, can eat raw
Also can cook, and medical value is at a relatively high, its Gen Genyeye, stamen or pistil fruit, and fixed-point-free power automorphism is precious, can all nourish and be used as medicine.Use lotus
Powder is made in lotus root, and can help digestion antidiarrheal, and heat-clearing of whetting the appetite, nourishing nourishs one's nature, and prevents internal haemorrhage, is that women and children child old woman, valetudinarian are first-class
Supping and the good treasure of nourishing.
Cray is also referred to as Procambius clarkii, red crayfish and freshwater crayfish, is similar to shrimp and crust is hard.Adult is about 5.6 ~
11.9 centimetres, kermesinus, the nearly black in crust part, belly back side has a wedge-shaped striped.Juvenile prawn body is uniform grey, is had sometimes
Black ripple, belong to economic freshwater shrimps, because meat flavour is delicious wide welcomed by the people.Because of its omnivorousness, the speed of growth is fast, adaptability
Absolute competitive advantage is formed in local environment by force, its scope of ingesting includes pasture and water, algae, aquatic insect, animal
Corpse etc., food are also killed each other when deficient scarce.Cray has become Important Economic breed variety in China in recent years.In business
Escape should be prevented in breeding process, especially prevent and escape into unfrequented ecosystem water body, it is to local species ecologic competition
Advantage and cause destructive harm.
Market is relatively stable always to the demand of lotus rhizome, and the demand to cray is to increase year by year, but propagates artificially small
If lobster cultural method is not right, not only cray quality is not high but also can the original ecological environment of heavy damage.In recent years, pass through
The repetition test of numerous raisers, a kind of integrated farming pattern for being covered in lotus field and supporting cray is have found finally, and achieve aobvious
The ecological benefits and economic benefit of work.
The content of the invention
For it is above-mentioned the problem of, a kind of lotus rhizome field of present invention set supports the breeding method of cray, by making full use of lotus rhizome
Field field Water space set support cray, first the pasture and water of lotus rhizome Tanaka, biological feed can as the natural feed of cray,
Both the effect for the ecology weeding of lotus rhizome field had been served, has improved the utilization rate in lotus rhizome field again, secondly the excreta of cray can also
Increase organic fertilizer for lotus rhizome field, realize benign cycle.
In order to achieve the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme：
A kind of lotus rhizome field set supports the breeding method of cray, it is characterised in that：By construction lotus rhizome field irrigation facility, selection plantation and
Totally 4 steps form for the time of cultivation, lotus rhizome cultivation management, cray feeding management.
Further, the lotus rhizome field irrigation facility construction comprises the following steps：
Step（1）：Select hypsography low-lying, the plot conduct that water retention property is good, illumination is sufficient, soil pH value 5~7, field are flat
Lotus rhizome field, every lotus field area are 80 mu -110 mu；
Step（2）：The pollution-free source in upstream in lotus rhizome water in field source, the indices of water quality detection must meet《Pollution-free food fresh water
Breeding water water quality》（NY5051-2001）Standard；
Step（3）：Culvert system is established, i.e., water inlet is set for wherein one jiao in lotus rhizome field according to the water (flow) direction of upstream, led to
Cross suction pump to draw water into field, while the water inlet pipe mouth of pipe is entangled with close eye mesh bag, prevent wild fishes shrimp to be mixed into Tanaka, Ran Hou with water
The diagonal end ring ditch bottom of lotus rhizome field water inlet sets delivery port, and sealing delivery port with close eye mesh bag prevents cray from escaping；
Step（4）：Deep-cut shrimp ditch, i.e., lotus rhizome field surrounding from ridge 5-6 rice excavate circular groove, furrow width 3-5 rice, deep 0.6-1 rice,
Slope is than 1:3, while lotus rhizome Tanaka excavates sphere of movements for the elephants shape or " mesh " font shrimp ditch, the sphere of movements for the elephants shape or " mesh " font shrimp ditch are wide
0.4-0.6 rice, deep 0.3-0.5 rice；
Step（5）：Installation prevents cray from escaping facility, i.e., is inserted in hard plastic board on the inside of the ridge of lotus rhizome field, rigid plastics
Plate is buried in the earth 0.5 meter, and basset 0.4-0.6 rice, while is covered in close eye polyethylene screen cloth on hard plastic board, is used in combination
Plank fixes close eye polyethylene screen cloth and hard plastic board.
Reach the purpose that irrigation and drainage are unimpeded, low water can fill, abundance of water can be arranged by establishing culvert system.
Further, the time of the lotus rhizome plantation is late April-the first tenday period of a month in May, and lotus root kind can continuous 7-10 after once planting
Year no longer sows, and mid or late May lotus rhizome pumping founds leaf then, and September part lotus rhizome grows up to, and March in late October to next year is lotus rhizome
Survive the winter rest period；Annual late July to early August, shrimp species are put into circular groove, then October i.e. carry out mating oogenesis,
Burrow and survive the winter, the month in next year 2-3 son shrimp ingested in appearing into the sphere of movements for the elephants shape or " mesh " font shrimp ditch of lotus field growth, mid-April
Cray, which grows into, meets listing specification.
Further, the lotus rhizome cultivation management comprises the following steps：
Step（1）：Select sub- lotus root, grandson lotus root is complete and sturdy, bud is prosperous, no disease and pests harm, undamaged full lotus root as kind of a lotus root, plant lotus root
Rhizoma nelumbinis must have more than 4 sections；
Step（2）：The lotus root kind under mid or late April, 400-600 kilograms of the kind in small every mu of field of lotus root kind, big lotus root kind every mu of field kind
600-750 kilograms, the lotus root kind must be buried in the earth, and lotus root point is inwards, it is impossible to expose native face, lotus root kind must be soaked with carbendazim before lower lotus root kind
Kind 20-30 minutes；
Step（3）：Lotus field medication, i.e., after cray, which is largely caught, terminates, respectively with Du Pont's health is wide, chrysanthemum ester before lotus root emits green grass or young crops
Manually spraying 1 time of class medicine, preventing and treating rot, leaf blight and leaf spot；
Step（4）：Adhere to the principle of " base manure is laid equal stress on top dressing ", apply 1500-2500 kilograms of person poultry muck except every mu of field and make base manure
Outside, high-quality 50 kilograms of composite fertilizer is applied in every mu of field in June, and July, 50-75 kilograms of urea was applied in every mu of field；
Step（5）：The principle of lotus rhizome water in field layer-management is preceding shallow, middle deep, rear shallow, i.e., the depth of lotus root sprout growth phase water layer is 4-
7 centimetres, when cauline leaf vigorous growth, the depth of water layer is 12-15 centimetres, and the depth for finally tying lotus root phase water layer is 4-7 centimetres.
Step（6）：When the blade back that lotus rhizome terminates leaf is in blush, and the edge that base portion founds leaf starts withered and yellow, show lotus root
It is fully ripe, listing can be excavated.
Further, the cray feeding management comprises the following steps：
Step（1）：Put shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed, i.e., the tail of juvenile prawn 1 that specification is 2-4 centimetres~30,000 is launched in annual every mu of lotus rhizome field in March；
Step（2）：The bait of cultivation cray is by rice bran, soya-bean cake, wheat bran, spiral shell a species of small clam living in fresh water freshwater mussel meat, silkworm chrysalis, earthworm according to 1:2:2:1:1:
1 ratio is mixed, and the principle of " early opening food, beginning is few, and middle more, the later stage is few " must be observed by feeding bait, when water temperature reaches
At 21 DEG C -24 DEG C, feed daily 3 times, Feeding time 10：00、16:00、23:00, daily feeding amount for shrimp body weight 5%~
8%, at the same bait throw close to circular groove, the region that water level is shallower and cray is concentrated, with its sharp its food of ingesting and conveniently check
Situation, frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp finally need to be also installed above ridge, play a part of kill Field Pests reduce pesticide dosage,
And the insect killed is also available for cray to eat；
Step（3）：Prevention and cure of shrimp disease must adhere to the principle of " putting prevention first, anti-overweight is controlled ", and it is 3% that shrimp species, which are needed before putting in a suitable place to breed with concentration,
Salt solution dipping bath shrimp body 3-5 minutes, cray growth period was splashed every 15-20 days using quick lime to be sterilized 1 time, every mu of field
Use every time 10-15 kilograms of quick lime, shrimp species put in a suitable place to breed after 13-16 days and cray fishing before 20 days, it is each using preventing and treating cray
The medicine of balantidiasis 1 time；
Step（4）：Fishing cray, which takes to catch, stays greatly small method, both captures cray up to May with cage since March
Just 95% cray is caught to the greatest extent, then rushed to remaining 5% cray in the circular groove of lotus rhizome field surrounding.
The water quality in lotus rhizome field can not only be improved by using lime disinfection, moreover it is possible to increase calcium ion content in water, promote
Enter cray degenerate cllipticity.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
A kind of lotus rhizome field set of the present invention supports the breeding method of cray, is supported by making full use of the Water space of lotus rhizome field field to cover
Cray, the first pasture and water of lotus rhizome Tanaka, biological feed can have both been served as lotus rhizome field ecology as the natural feed of cray
The effect of weeding, the utilization rate in lotus rhizome field is improved again, secondly the excreta of cray can also be that lotus rhizome field increases organic fertilizer,
Realize benign cycle.
By taking 1 mu of lotus rhizome field as an example, cray pattern of supporting, its output, cost and benefit analysis are covered using the lotus field of the present invention
It is as follows：Every mu of 1500 kilograms of lotus root yield, yuan/kilogram of average unit price 0.9,1350 yuan of the output value；Every mu of 55 kilograms of cray yield, put down
44 yuan/kilogram of unit price, 2420 yuan of the output value, 3770 yuan of the gross output value, cost per mu includes：900 yuan of lotus rhizome farm rent gold, shrimp species 100
Member, 150 yuan of feed, 150 yuan of fertilizer, 80 yuan of expenses for medicine, 60 yuan of charges for water and electricity, farming, 300 yuan of the labour costs such as lotus root are dug, add up to expenditure
1740 yuan, every mu of benefit is 2030 yuan.
The above-mentioned as shown by data present invention has achieved significant ecological benefits and economic benefit, drastically increases peasant household
Enthusiasm, therefore had broad application prospects in crops plantation, technical field of aquaculture, it is adapted to industrialization to send out on a large scale
Exhibition utilizes.
Embodiment
The breeding method for supporting cray is covered to a kind of lotus rhizome field with reference to embodiment, is described further.
Embodiment 1
A kind of breeding method of the foster cray of lotus rhizome field set, the time planted and cultivated by construction lotus rhizome field irrigation facility, selection,
Totally 4 steps form for lotus rhizome cultivation management, cray feeding management.
The lotus rhizome field irrigation facility construction comprises the following steps：
Step（1）：Select hypsography low-lying, water retention property is good, illumination is sufficient, soil pH value 5, field are flat plot is as lotus rhizome
Field, every lotus field area are 80 mu；
Step（2）：The pollution-free source in upstream in lotus rhizome water in field source, the indices of water quality detection must meet《Pollution-free food fresh water
Breeding water water quality》（NY5051-2001）Standard；
Step（3）：Culvert system is established, i.e., water inlet is set for wherein one jiao in lotus rhizome field according to the water (flow) direction of upstream, led to
Cross suction pump to draw water into field, while the water inlet pipe mouth of pipe is entangled with close eye mesh bag, prevent wild fishes shrimp to be mixed into Tanaka, Ran Hou with water
The diagonal end ring ditch bottom of lotus rhizome field water inlet sets delivery port, and sealing delivery port with close eye mesh bag prevents cray from escaping；
Step（4）：Shrimp ditch is deep-cut, i.e., circular groove is excavated at 5 meters from ridge of lotus rhizome field surrounding, 3 meters of furrow width, deep 0.6 meter, slope is than 1:
3, while lotus rhizome Tanaka excavates sphere of movements for the elephants shape or " mesh " font shrimp ditch, the sphere of movements for the elephants shape or " mesh " font shrimp ditch are wide 0.4 meter, deep
0.3 meter；
Step（5）：Installation prevents cray from escaping facility, i.e., is inserted in hard plastic board on the inside of the ridge of lotus rhizome field, rigid plastics
Plate is buried in the earth 0.5 meter, bassets 0.4 meter, while is covered in close eye polyethylene screen cloth on hard plastic board, and uses plank
Close eye polyethylene screen cloth and hard plastic board are fixed.
The time of lotus rhizome plantation is late April-the first tenday period of a month in May, and lotus root kind continuous 7 can no longer sow after once planting, when
Year, mid or late May lotus rhizome pumping found leaf, and September part lotus rhizome grows up to, and March in late October to next year survives the winter rest period for lotus rhizome；Often
Late July to the early August in year, shrimp species are put into circular groove, carry out mating oogenesis then, burrow and survive the winter October, next year
2-3 month son shrimps ingest growth in appearing into the sphere of movements for the elephants shape or " mesh " font shrimp ditch of lotus field, and mid-April, cray grew into symbol
Close listing specification.
The lotus rhizome cultivation management comprises the following steps：
Step（1）：Select sub- lotus root, grandson lotus root is complete and sturdy, bud is prosperous, no disease and pests harm, undamaged full lotus root as kind of a lotus root, plant lotus root
Rhizoma nelumbinis must have more than 4 sections；
Step（2）：The lotus root kind under mid or late April, 400 kilograms of the kind in small every mu of field of lotus root kind, big every mu of field of lotus root kind kind 600,000
Gram, the lotus root kind must be buried in the earth, and lotus root point is inwards, it is impossible to expose native face, lotus root kind must be soaked seed 20 minutes with carbendazim before lower lotus root kind；
Step（3）：Lotus field medication, i.e., after cray, which is largely caught, terminates, respectively with Du Pont's health is wide, chrysanthemum ester before lotus root emits green grass or young crops
Manually spraying 1 time of class medicine, preventing and treating rot, leaf blight and leaf spot；
Step（4）：Adhere to the principle of " base manure is laid equal stress on top dressing ", in addition to applying 1500 kilograms of person poultry muck except every mu of field and make base manure, June
High-quality 50 kilograms of composite fertilizer is applied in every mu of field of part, and July, 50 kilograms of urea was applied in every mu of field；
Step（5）：The principle of lotus rhizome water in field layer-management is preceding shallow, middle deep, rear shallow, i.e., the depth of lotus root sprout growth phase water layer is 4
Centimetre, when cauline leaf vigorous growth, the depth of water layer is 12 centimetres, and the depth for finally tying lotus root phase water layer is 4 centimetres.
Step（6）：When the blade back that lotus rhizome terminates leaf is in blush, and the edge that base portion founds leaf starts withered and yellow, show lotus root
It is fully ripe, listing can be excavated.
The cray feeding management comprises the following steps：
Step（1）：Put shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed, i.e., the tail of juvenile prawn 10,000 that specification is 2 centimetres is launched in annual every mu of lotus rhizome field in March；
Step（2）：The bait of cultivation cray is by rice bran, soya-bean cake, wheat bran, spiral shell a species of small clam living in fresh water freshwater mussel meat, silkworm chrysalis, earthworm according to 1:2:2:1:1:
1 ratio is mixed, and the principle of " early opening food, beginning is few, and middle more, the later stage is few " must be observed by feeding bait, when water temperature reaches
At 21 DEG C, feed daily 3 times, Feeding time 10：00、16:00、23:00, daily feeding amount is the 5% of shrimp body weight, while bait
Material throw close to circular groove, the region that water level is shallower and cray is concentrated, situation of its its food of ingesting and conveniently check with profit, most
Frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp need to be also installed above ridge afterwards, play a part of killing Field Pests reduction pesticide dosage, and kill
Insect be also available for cray to eat；
Step（3）：Prevention and cure of shrimp disease must adhere to the principle of " putting prevention first, anti-overweight is controlled ", and it is 3% that shrimp species, which are needed before putting in a suitable place to breed with concentration,
Salt solution dipping bath shrimp body 3 minutes, cray growth period was splashed every 15 days using quick lime to be sterilized 1 time, and every mu of field is each
With 10 kilograms of quick lime, shrimp species put in a suitable place to breed after 13 days and cray fishing before 20 days, it is each using preventing and treating cray balantidiasis
Medicine 1 time；
Step（4）：Fishing cray, which takes to catch, stays greatly small method, both captures cray up to 5 with cage since March
The beginning of the month catches 95% cray to the greatest extent, then rushes to remaining 5% cray in the circular groove of lotus rhizome field surrounding.
Embodiment 2
A kind of breeding method of the foster cray of lotus rhizome field set, the time planted and cultivated by construction lotus rhizome field irrigation facility, selection,
Totally 4 steps form for lotus rhizome cultivation management, cray feeding management.
The lotus rhizome field irrigation facility construction comprises the following steps：
Step（1）：Select hypsography low-lying, water retention property is good, illumination is sufficient, soil pH value 7, field are flat plot is as lotus rhizome
Field, every lotus field area are 110 mu；
Step（2）：The pollution-free source in upstream in lotus rhizome water in field source, the indices of water quality detection must meet《Pollution-free food fresh water
Breeding water water quality》（NY5051-2001）Standard；
Step（3）：Culvert system is established, i.e., water inlet is set for wherein one jiao in lotus rhizome field according to the water (flow) direction of upstream, led to
Cross suction pump to draw water into field, while the water inlet pipe mouth of pipe is entangled with close eye mesh bag, prevent wild fishes shrimp to be mixed into Tanaka, Ran Hou with water
The diagonal end ring ditch bottom of lotus rhizome field water inlet sets delivery port, and sealing delivery port with close eye mesh bag prevents cray from escaping；
Step（4）：Shrimp ditch is deep-cut, i.e., circular groove is excavated at 6 meters from ridge of lotus rhizome field surrounding, 5 meters of furrow width, deep 1 meter, slope is than 1:3,
Lotus rhizome Tanaka excavates sphere of movements for the elephants shape or " mesh " font shrimp ditch simultaneously, and the sphere of movements for the elephants shape or " mesh " font shrimp ditch are wide 0.6 meter, deep
0.5 meter；
Step（5）：Installation prevents cray from escaping facility, i.e., is inserted in hard plastic board on the inside of the ridge of lotus rhizome field, rigid plastics
Plate is buried in the earth 0.5 meter, bassets 0.6 meter, while is covered in close eye polyethylene screen cloth on hard plastic board, and uses plank
Close eye polyethylene screen cloth and hard plastic board are fixed.
The time of the lotus rhizome plantation is late April-the first tenday period of a month in May, and lotus root kind can no longer sow for continuous 10 years after once planting,
Mid or late May lotus rhizome pumping founds leaf then, and September part lotus rhizome grows up to, and March in late October to next year survives the winter rest period for lotus rhizome；
Annual late July to early August, shrimp species are put into circular groove, carry out mating oogenesis then, burrow and survive the winter October, it is next
Year 2-3 month son shrimps ingest growth in appearing into the sphere of movements for the elephants shape or " mesh " font shrimp ditch of lotus field, and mid-April, cray grew into
Meet listing specification.
The lotus rhizome cultivation management comprises the following steps：
Step（1）：Select sub- lotus root, grandson lotus root is complete and sturdy, bud is prosperous, no disease and pests harm, undamaged full lotus root as kind of a lotus root, plant lotus root
Rhizoma nelumbinis must have more than 4 sections；
Step（2）：The lotus root kind under mid or late April, 600 kilograms of the kind in small every mu of field of lotus root kind, big every mu of field of lotus root kind kind 750,000
Gram, the lotus root kind must be buried in the earth, and lotus root point is inwards, it is impossible to expose native face, lotus root kind must be soaked seed 30 minutes with carbendazim before lower lotus root kind；
Step（3）：Lotus field medication, i.e., after cray, which is largely caught, terminates, respectively with Du Pont's health is wide, chrysanthemum ester before lotus root emits green grass or young crops
Manually spraying 1 time of class medicine, preventing and treating rot, leaf blight and leaf spot；
Step（4）：Adhere to the principle of " base manure is laid equal stress on top dressing ", in addition to applying 2500 kilograms of person poultry muck except every mu of field and make base manure, June
High-quality 50 kilograms of composite fertilizer is applied in every mu of field of part, and July, 75 kilograms of urea was applied in every mu of field；
Step（5）：The principle of lotus rhizome water in field layer-management is preceding shallow, middle deep, rear shallow, i.e., the depth of lotus root sprout growth phase water layer is 7
Centimetre, when cauline leaf vigorous growth, the depth of water layer is 15 centimetres, and the depth for finally tying lotus root phase water layer is 7 centimetres.
Step（6）：When the blade back that lotus rhizome terminates leaf is in blush, and the edge that base portion founds leaf starts withered and yellow, show lotus root
It is fully ripe, listing can be excavated.
The cray feeding management comprises the following steps：
Step（1）：Put shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed, i.e., the tail of juvenile prawn 30,000 that specification is 4 centimetres is launched in annual every mu of lotus rhizome field in March；
Step（2）：The bait of cultivation cray is by rice bran, soya-bean cake, wheat bran, spiral shell a species of small clam living in fresh water freshwater mussel meat, silkworm chrysalis, earthworm according to 1:2:2:1:1:
1 ratio is mixed, and the principle of " early opening food, beginning is few, and middle more, the later stage is few " must be observed by feeding bait, when water temperature reaches
At 24 DEG C, feed daily 3 times, Feeding time 10：00、16:00、23:00, daily feeding amount is the 8% of shrimp body weight, while bait
Material throw close to circular groove, the region that water level is shallower and cray is concentrated, situation of its its food of ingesting and conveniently check with profit, most
Frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp need to be also installed above ridge afterwards, play a part of killing Field Pests reduction pesticide dosage, and kill
Insect be also available for cray to eat；
Step（3）：Prevention and cure of shrimp disease must adhere to the principle of " putting prevention first, anti-overweight is controlled ", and it is 3% that shrimp species, which are needed before putting in a suitable place to breed with concentration,
Salt solution dipping bath shrimp body 5 minutes, cray growth period was splashed every 20 days using quick lime to be sterilized 1 time, and every mu of field is each
With 15 kilograms of quick lime, shrimp species put in a suitable place to breed after 16 days and cray fishing before 20 days, it is each using preventing and treating cray balantidiasis
Medicine 1 time；
Step（4）：Fishing cray, which takes to catch, stays greatly small method, both captures cray up to May with cage since March
Just 95% cray is caught to the greatest extent, then rushed to remaining 5% cray in the circular groove of lotus rhizome field surrounding.
Embodiment 3
A kind of breeding method of the foster cray of lotus rhizome field set, the time planted and cultivated by construction lotus rhizome field irrigation facility, selection,
Totally 4 steps form for lotus rhizome cultivation management, cray feeding management.
The lotus rhizome field irrigation facility construction comprises the following steps：
Step（1）：Select hypsography low-lying, water retention property is good, illumination is sufficient, soil pH value 6, field are flat plot is as lotus rhizome
Field, every lotus field area are 100 mu；
Step（2）：The pollution-free source in upstream in lotus rhizome water in field source, the indices of water quality detection must meet《Pollution-free food fresh water
Breeding water water quality》（NY5051-2001）Standard；
Step（3）：Culvert system is established, i.e., water inlet is set for wherein one jiao in lotus rhizome field according to the water (flow) direction of upstream, led to
Cross suction pump to draw water into field, while the water inlet pipe mouth of pipe is entangled with close eye mesh bag, prevent wild fishes shrimp to be mixed into Tanaka, Ran Hou with water
The diagonal end ring ditch bottom of lotus rhizome field water inlet sets delivery port, and sealing delivery port with close eye mesh bag prevents cray from escaping；
Step（4）：Shrimp ditch is deep-cut, i.e., circular groove is excavated at 5.5 meters from ridge of lotus rhizome field surrounding, 4 meters of furrow width is deep 0.8 meter, slope ratio
1:3, while lotus rhizome Tanaka excavates sphere of movements for the elephants shape or " mesh " font shrimp ditch, the sphere of movements for the elephants shape or " mesh " font shrimp ditch it is wide 0.5 meter,
It is deep 0.4 meter；
Step（5）：Installation prevents cray from escaping facility, i.e., is inserted in hard plastic board on the inside of the ridge of lotus rhizome field, rigid plastics
Plate is buried in the earth 0.5 meter, bassets 0.5 meter, while is covered in close eye polyethylene screen cloth on hard plastic board, and uses plank
Close eye polyethylene screen cloth and hard plastic board are fixed.
The time of the lotus rhizome plantation is late April-the first tenday period of a month in May, and lotus root kind can no longer sow for continuous 8 years after once planting,
Mid or late May lotus rhizome pumping founds leaf then, and September part lotus rhizome grows up to, and March in late October to next year survives the winter rest period for lotus rhizome；
Annual late July to early August, shrimp species are put into circular groove, carry out mating oogenesis then, burrow and survive the winter October, it is next
Year 2-3 month son shrimps ingest growth in appearing into the sphere of movements for the elephants shape or " mesh " font shrimp ditch of lotus field, and mid-April, cray grew into
Meet listing specification.
The lotus rhizome cultivation management comprises the following steps：
Step（1）：Select sub- lotus root, grandson lotus root is complete and sturdy, bud is prosperous, no disease and pests harm, undamaged full lotus root as kind of a lotus root, plant lotus root
Rhizoma nelumbinis must have more than 4 sections；
Step（2）：The lotus root kind under mid or late April, 500 kilograms of the kind in small every mu of field of lotus root kind, big every mu of field of lotus root kind kind 650,000
Gram, the lotus root kind must be buried in the earth, and lotus root point is inwards, it is impossible to expose native face, lotus root kind must be soaked seed 25 minutes with carbendazim before lower lotus root kind；
Step（3）：Lotus field medication, i.e., after cray, which is largely caught, terminates, respectively with Du Pont's health is wide, chrysanthemum ester before lotus root emits green grass or young crops
Manually spraying 1 time of class medicine, preventing and treating rot, leaf blight and leaf spot；
Step（4）：Adhere to the principle of " base manure is laid equal stress on top dressing ", in addition to applying 2000 kilograms of person poultry muck except every mu of field and make base manure, June
High-quality 50 kilograms of composite fertilizer is applied in every mu of field of part, and July, 60 kilograms of urea was applied in every mu of field；
Step（5）：The principle of lotus rhizome water in field layer-management is preceding shallow, middle deep, rear shallow, i.e., the depth of lotus root sprout growth phase water layer is 6
Centimetre, when cauline leaf vigorous growth, the depth of water layer is 13 centimetres, and the depth for finally tying lotus root phase water layer is 5 centimetres.
Step（6）：When the blade back that lotus rhizome terminates leaf is in blush, and the edge that base portion founds leaf starts withered and yellow, show lotus root
It is fully ripe, listing can be excavated.
The cray feeding management comprises the following steps：
Step（1）：Put shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed, i.e., the tail of juvenile prawn 20,000 that specification is 3 centimetres is launched in annual every mu of lotus rhizome field in March；
Step（2）：The bait of cultivation cray is by rice bran, soya-bean cake, wheat bran, spiral shell a species of small clam living in fresh water freshwater mussel meat, silkworm chrysalis, earthworm according to 1:2:2:1:1:
1 ratio is mixed, and the principle of " early opening food, beginning is few, and middle more, the later stage is few " must be observed by feeding bait, when water temperature reaches
At 23 DEG C, feed daily 3 times, Feeding time 10：00、16:00、23:00, daily feeding amount is the 7% of shrimp body weight, while bait
Material throw close to circular groove, the region that water level is shallower and cray is concentrated, situation of its its food of ingesting and conveniently check with profit, most
Frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp need to be also installed above ridge afterwards, play a part of killing Field Pests reduction pesticide dosage, and kill
Insect be also available for cray to eat；
Step（3）：Prevention and cure of shrimp disease must adhere to the principle of " putting prevention first, anti-overweight is controlled ", and it is 3% that shrimp species, which are needed before putting in a suitable place to breed with concentration,
Salt solution dipping bath shrimp body 4 minutes, cray growth period was splashed every 16 days using quick lime to be sterilized 1 time, and every mu of field is each
With 13 kilograms of quick lime, shrimp species put in a suitable place to breed after 15 days and cray fishing before 20 days, it is each using preventing and treating cray balantidiasis
Medicine 1 time；
Step（4）：Fishing cray, which takes to catch, stays greatly small method, both captures cray up to May with cage since March
Just 95% cray is caught to the greatest extent, then rushed to remaining 5% cray in the circular groove of lotus rhizome field surrounding.
Above-described embodiment is the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, other changes made without departing from the Spirit Essence of the present invention with principle, modification, replacement, combine, simplification, be accordingly to be regarded as
The substitute mode of effect, is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of lotus rhizome field set supports the breeding method of cray, it is characterised in that：By construction lotus rhizome field irrigation facility, selection plantation
Time, lotus rhizome cultivation management, cray feeding management with cultivation, totally 4 steps formed.
2. a kind of lotus rhizome field set according to claim 1 supports the breeding method of cray, it is characterised in that the lotus rhizome field
Irrigation facility construction comprises the following steps：
Step（1）：Select hypsography low-lying, the plot conduct that water retention property is good, illumination is sufficient, soil pH value 5~7, field are flat
Lotus rhizome field, every lotus field area are 80 mu -110 mu；
Step（2）：The pollution-free source in upstream in lotus rhizome water in field source, the indices of water quality detection must meet《Pollution-free food fresh water
Breeding water water quality》（NY5051-2001）Standard；
Step（3）：Culvert system is established, i.e., water inlet is set for wherein one jiao in lotus rhizome field according to the water (flow) direction of upstream, led to
Cross suction pump to draw water into field, while the water inlet pipe mouth of pipe is entangled with close eye mesh bag, prevent wild fishes shrimp to be mixed into Tanaka, Ran Hou with water
The diagonal end ring ditch bottom of lotus rhizome field water inlet sets delivery port, and sealing delivery port with close eye mesh bag prevents cray from escaping；
Step（4）：Deep-cut shrimp ditch, i.e., lotus rhizome field surrounding from ridge 5-6 rice excavate circular groove, furrow width 3-5 rice, deep 0.6-1 rice,
Slope is than 1:3, while lotus rhizome Tanaka excavates sphere of movements for the elephants shape or " mesh " font shrimp ditch, the sphere of movements for the elephants shape or " mesh " font shrimp ditch are wide
0.4-0.6 rice, deep 0.3-0.5 rice；
Step（5）：Installation prevents cray from escaping facility, i.e., is inserted in hard plastic board on the inside of the ridge of lotus rhizome field, rigid plastics
Plate is buried in the earth 0.5 meter, and basset 0.4-0.6 rice, while is covered in close eye polyethylene screen cloth on hard plastic board, is used in combination
Plank fixes close eye polyethylene screen cloth and hard plastic board.
3. a kind of lotus rhizome field set according to claim 1 supports the breeding method of cray, it is characterised in that：The lotus rhizome is planted
The time of kind is late April-the first tenday period of a month in May, and lotus root kind continuously 7-10 can no longer sow after once planting, then mid or late May lotus
Lotus root pumping founds leaf, and September part lotus rhizome grows up to, and March in late October to next year survives the winter rest period for lotus rhizome；Annual late July is to 8
Month the first tenday period of a month, shrimp species are put into circular groove, carry out mating oogenesis then, burrow and survive the winter October, the month in next year 2-3 son shrimp appear into
Enter growth of being ingested in the sphere of movements for the elephants shape or " mesh " font shrimp ditch of lotus field, cray grew into and met listing specification mid-April.
4. a kind of lotus rhizome field set according to claim 1 supports the breeding method of cray, it is characterised in that the lotus rhizome is planted
Training management comprises the following steps：
Step（1）：Select sub- lotus root, grandson lotus root is complete and sturdy, bud is prosperous, no disease and pests harm, undamaged full lotus root as kind of a lotus root, plant lotus root
Rhizoma nelumbinis must have more than 4 sections；
Step（2）：The lotus root kind under mid or late April, 400-600 kilograms of the kind in small every mu of field of lotus root kind, big lotus root kind every mu of field kind
600-750 kilograms, the lotus root kind must be buried in the earth, and lotus root point is inwards, it is impossible to expose native face, lotus root kind must be soaked with carbendazim before lower lotus root kind
Kind 20-30 minutes；
Step（3）：Lotus field medication, i.e., after cray, which is largely caught, terminates, respectively with Du Pont's health is wide, chrysanthemum ester before lotus root emits green grass or young crops
Manually spraying 1 time of class medicine, preventing and treating rot, leaf blight and leaf spot；
Step（4）：Adhere to the principle of " base manure is laid equal stress on top dressing ", apply 1500-2500 kilograms of person poultry muck except every mu of field and make base manure
Outside, high-quality 50 kilograms of composite fertilizer is applied in every mu of field in June, and July, 50-75 kilograms of urea was applied in every mu of field；
Step（5）：The principle of lotus rhizome water in field layer-management is preceding shallow, middle deep, rear shallow, i.e., the depth of lotus root sprout growth phase water layer is 4-
7 centimetres, when cauline leaf vigorous growth, the depth of water layer is 12-15 centimetres, and the depth for finally tying lotus root phase water layer is 4-7 centimetres.
5. step（6）：When the blade back that lotus rhizome terminates leaf is in blush, and the edge that base portion founds leaf starts withered and yellow, show that lotus root has been filled
It is divided into ripe, listing can be excavated.
6. a kind of lotus rhizome field set according to claim 1 supports the breeding method of cray, it is characterised in that the cray
Feeding management comprises the following steps：
Step（1）：Put shrimp seedling in a suitable place to breed, i.e., the tails of juvenile prawn 1-3 ten thousand that specification is 2-4 centimetres are launched in annual every mu of lotus rhizome field in March；
Step（2）：The bait of cultivation cray is by rice bran, soya-bean cake, wheat bran, spiral shell a species of small clam living in fresh water freshwater mussel meat, silkworm chrysalis, earthworm according to 1:2:2:1:1:
1 ratio is mixed, and the principle of " early opening food, beginning is few, and middle more, the later stage is few " must be observed by feeding bait, when water temperature reaches
At 21 DEG C -24 DEG C, feed daily 3 times, Feeding time 10：00、16:00、23:00, daily feeding amount for shrimp body weight 5%~
8%, at the same bait throw close to circular groove, the region that water level is shallower and cray is concentrated, with its sharp its food of ingesting and conveniently check
Situation, frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp finally need to be also installed above ridge, play a part of kill Field Pests reduce pesticide dosage,
And the insect killed is also available for cray to eat；
Step（3）：Prevention and cure of shrimp disease must adhere to the principle of " putting prevention first, anti-overweight is controlled ", and it is 3% that shrimp species, which are needed before putting in a suitable place to breed with concentration,
Salt solution dipping bath shrimp body 3-5 minutes, cray growth period was splashed every 15-20 days using quick lime to be sterilized 1 time, every mu of field
Use every time 10-15 kilograms of quick lime, shrimp species put in a suitable place to breed after 13-16 days and cray fishing before 20 days, it is each using preventing and treating cray
The medicine of balantidiasis 1 time；
Step（4）：Fishing cray, which takes to catch, stays greatly small method, both captures cray up to May with cage since March
Just 95% cray is caught to the greatest extent, then rushed to remaining 5% cray in the circular groove of lotus rhizome field surrounding.
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| CN109526828A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-03-29 | 张魁 | A kind of cultural method of lotus rhizome field intercropping cray |
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| CN111264434A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-12 | 扬州大学 | Rice straw returning technology for intercropping crayfish in lotus root field |
| CN111771648A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-10-16 | 华中农业大学 | A method for raising crayfish and California sea bass in a lotus pond |
| CN114246150A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2022-03-29 | 怀化市大丰源生态农业开发股份有限公司 | Three-dimensional breeding method for lotus and crayfish |
| CN113557995A (en) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-10-29 | 江苏中水东泽农业发展股份有限公司 | Method for breeding red crayfish in lotus root field |
| CN114651755A (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2022-06-24 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Efficient comprehensive planting and breeding method for lotus, soft-shelled turtle, fish and crayfish |
| CN114651755B (en) * | 2022-04-11 | 2023-09-26 | 浙江省农业科学院 | Efficient comprehensive planting and breeding method for lotus, soft-shelled turtle, fish and crayfish |
| CN115669586A (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2023-02-03 | 安徽民意美农业科技有限公司 | Lotus root pond lobster intercropping method |
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