CN108812143A - A kind of method of Hunan lotus seeds lobster interplanting intercropping - Google Patents
A kind of method of Hunan lotus seeds lobster interplanting intercropping Download PDFInfo
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- CN108812143A CN108812143A CN201810644771.2A CN201810644771A CN108812143A CN 108812143 A CN108812143 A CN 108812143A CN 201810644771 A CN201810644771 A CN 201810644771A CN 108812143 A CN108812143 A CN 108812143A
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- lobster
- lotus seeds
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- shrimp seedling
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of agricultural cultivation, the method for specifically a kind of Hunan lotus seeds lobster interplanting intercropping includes the following steps：(1) field is selected；(2) paddy field is finely flattened in mid or late March, with lime disinfection, and uses sufficient base manure, mud is transplanted into before mid-April；(3) at finely leveling paddy field, in paddy field, surrounding digs out the ditch of one 1 meter wide 60 centimetres of depths, and sturdy lotus root seedling is inserted into ditch, is wound with mud and straw, starts to launch shrimp seedling in late August；(4) field management：Scientific irrigation, Rational Irrigation；Seedling stage shallow water spends appropriate deep water of fluffy phase, depth of water 4-20cm；Intertillage top dressing in time；After harvesting lotus seeds and lotus rhizome at the beginning of (5) 10 months, reserves seed for planting and pass the winter until second year continues to plant；Meanwhile the lobster for increasing the injected volume of shrimp seedling, and launching before harvesting launches lobster 2-4 season at the beginning of second year 5 months.The present invention has the effect of volume increase, significantly reduces Hunan lotus seeds planting cost and lobster aquaculture cost and improves Hunan lotus seeds disease resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of agricultural cultivation, the method for specifically a kind of Hunan lotus seeds lobster interplanting intercropping.
Background technique
The Hunan lotus seeds that China's lotus seeds are produced with xiangtan, hunan province county, what was produced from Fujian Jianning County builds lotus, and Wuyi In Zhejiang county a surname shows no increases in output
The Gan Lian that Xuan Lian and Jiangxi Guangchang produce is the most famous, referred to as four Chinese big lotus seeds.Wherein again with Hunan lotus seeds be it is most characteristic,
Always as the treasure for paying tribute imperial court, therefore also known as " Gong Lian ", it is known as " Chinese first lotus seeds ".It is big that later people are gradually expanded 4
The range of lotus seeds, referring to Hunan lotus seeds is " Hunan lotus seeds ".
Hunan lotus seeds are also known as glutinous lotus, have extensive medical value, are traditional nourishing health-care foods.Hunan lotus seeds are traditional at present
Cultural method is exactly to select field, and cun three lotuses etc. that seedling will select kind excellent are with the sturdy disease-free kind of lotus root completely saved
Most preferably, good farmland will select that irrigation condition is good, has abundant water resources, the fertile water of the deep sandy soil or purple clay rich in organic matter of soil layer
Field, mid or late March finely flatten in paddy field, with lime disinfection, and use sufficient base manure, mud is transplanted into before mid-April.Period management
Be divided into seedling management and flower, fluffy period management, including cut weeds, apply fertilizer, irrigating, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, except old leaf etc., until complete at the beginning of 10 months
Portion's harvesting finishes.Just belong to period of passing the winter of reserving seed for planting after harvesting, without management, until second year continues to plant.This traditional kind
Cultural method is planted, at high cost, yield is relatively low, and original seed is apt to deteriorate and sickization, Hunan lotus seeds kind cannot be purified and be purified.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of Hunan lotus seeds lobster interplanting
The method of intercropping.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention now proposes following technical scheme：Include the following steps：(1) field is selected；
(2) paddy field is finely flattened in mid or late March, with lime disinfection, and uses sufficient base manure, mud is transplanted into before mid-April；(3) exist
When fine leveling paddy field, in paddy field, surrounding digs out the ditch of one 1 meter wide 60 centimetres of depths, and sturdy lotus root seedling is inserted into ditch, uses mud
Bar and straw winding, late August start launch shrimp seedling；(4) field management：Scientific irrigation, Rational Irrigation；Seedling stage shallow water, flower
Fluffy phase appropriate deep water, depth of water 4-20cm；Intertillage top dressing in time；After harvesting lotus seeds and lotus rhizome at the beginning of (5) 10 months, reserves seed for planting and pass the winter until the
Continue to plant within 2 years；Meanwhile the lobster for increasing the injected volume of shrimp seedling, and launching before harvesting is launched at the beginning of second year 5 months
Lobster 2-4 season, the size of shrimp seedling are 2-4 centimetres, and shrimp seedling male and female ratio is 5:9 is further, chooses seeds in the step (1)
Condition is：Select cun three lotuses or the sturdy disease-free kind of lotus root completely saved that kind is excellent.
Further, the condition for selecting field in the step (1) is：Selection irrigation condition is good, has abundant water resources, the deep richness of soil layer
The fertile paddy field of sandy soil or purple clay containing organic matter, and fertilizer conservation is retained, illumination is sufficient, and field bottom is smooth, and arable layer is in 20cm
More than.
Further, the method that mud is transplanted into the step (2) is：Planting hole, every cave kind are carried out by 230 caves per acre
Lotus root 3-4 branch keeps 3-4cm shoaling layer in cave, puts kind of lotus root is radial, depth of planting 5-10cm plants lotus root terminal bud direction
Outside planting hole, lotus root body is lain on one's side, and slightly towards under, periproct upward, is covered lotus root kind head with mud.
Further, in the step (2), base manure mainly based on organic fertilizer, 600-800 kilograms of mu manuring, farmyard manure
800-1000 kilograms, 80-100 kilograms of cake fertilizer are affixed by 30 kilograms of Hunan lotus seeds special complex fertilizer.
Further, in the step (4), time of top dressing be annual the first tenday period of a month in May for the first time, second of mid-June, 7
The first tenday period of a month moon third time.
Further, threshing after the lotus seeds of picking being tedded 1-2 days, then the lotus seeds that threshing is obtained ted 3-4 days, until containing
When water≤13.5%, it can store in case processing.
Further, the throw-in density of the shrimp seedling is 4000-6000 tail/per acre.
Further, after launching shrimp seedling 3 days, small fish and meat mincing are stirred, while mixed protein content is not low
In 25% lobster special feed, feeding carried out to shrimp seedling, daily feeding twice, respectively in the morning 8:30-9:30 and 18:30-
19:30, each injected volume is that the 2%-3% of shrimp seedling total weight uses spiral shell, freshwater mussel and plant instead when shrimp seedling is at 6-7 centimetres of long value
Lobster special feed of the physical property feed formulation protein content not less than 25% carries out feeding.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are：The characteristics of present invention combination lobster growth and development and
The temperature environment in lotus field, integrated use lotus field cultivate Hunan lotus seeds and cultivate the solid cultivation mode of lobster, and this method has following aobvious
Write advantage：
(1) lobster is degenerate cllipticity, and lobster shell is rich in chitin, chitosan, can promote seed development, and it is anti-to improve Hunan lotus seeds
Sick power；
(2) habit of lobster is got into the cave well, and roll mud naturally, is played the role of chesson, is effectively facilitated the numerous of lotus rhizome
It educates, using lotus shrimp stereo cultivating method, lotus field increases production 300-500 plants per acre；
(3) planktonic organism generated in Hunan lotus seeds growing environment can provide part natural food for lobster, and lobster is growing
During the excreta that generates can provide growth for Hunan lotus seeds nutrition is provided, do not have to again repeatedly additional fertilizer, significantly reduce Hunan
Lotus planting cost and lobster aquaculture cost；
(4) strong operability of the present invention terminates the formulation with lobster breeding production technical regulation in practice for Hunan lotus seeds, and
Standardization, the large-scale production of Hunan lotus seeds seedling provide technical support.
Specific embodiment
, there are further understanding and understanding in the effect of to make to structure feature of the invention and being reached, to preferable
Embodiment detailed description, is not particularly illustrated, the related reagent and material that the present invention uses can obtain, phase from market
Farming method is closed, is not particularly illustrated, is all general field management, the lobster that following embodiment is launched is cray, small
Lobster adaptability is extremely wide, have wider suitable growth temperature, water temperature be 10-30 DEG C when can normal growth and development, also can
High temperature resistant severe cold can tolerate 40 DEG C or more of high temperature, can also be safely overwintering in the case where temperature is -14 DEG C of situations below, with Hunan lotus seeds
The temperature of planting site is mutually suitable for that the following are specific embodiments to illustrate：
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of Hunan lotus seeds lobster interplanting intercropping, includes the following steps：(1) field is selected；(2) it is incited somebody to action in mid or late March
Paddy field finely flattens, and with lime disinfection, and uses sufficient base manure, base manure mainly based on organic fertilizer, 600 kilograms of mu manuring, farmyard manure
1000 kilograms, 90 kilograms of cake fertilizer, are affixed by 30 kilograms of Hunan lotus seeds special complex fertilizer, mud are transplanted into before mid-April；(3) fine whole
When par field, in paddy field, surrounding digs out the ditch of one 1 meter wide 60 centimetres of depths, sturdy lotus root seedling is inserted into ditch, with mud and rice
Careless at will winding started to launch shrimp seedling in late August；(4) field management：Scientific irrigation, Rational Irrigation；Seedling stage shallow water, Hua Peng
Phase appropriate deep water, depth of water 4-20cm；Intertillage top dressing in time, the time of top dressing are annual first time the first tenday period of a month in May, mid-June second
It is secondary, early July third time；After harvesting lotus seeds and lotus rhizome at the beginning of (5) 10 months, reserves seed for planting and pass the winter until second year continues to plant；Meanwhile adding
The injected volume of big shrimp seedling, and the lobster launched before harvesting launches 3 season of lobster at the beginning of second year 5 months.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of Hunan lotus seeds lobster interplanting intercropping, includes the following steps：(1) field is selected；(2) it is incited somebody to action in mid or late March
Paddy field finely flattens, and with lime disinfection, and uses sufficient base manure, base manure mainly based on organic fertilizer, 800 kilograms of mu manuring, farmyard manure 800
Kilogram, 100 kilograms of cake fertilizer, be affixed by 30 kilograms of Hunan lotus seeds special complex fertilizer, mud be transplanted into before mid-April；(3) in finely leveling water
Tian Shi, in paddy field, surrounding digs out the ditch of one 1 meter wide 60 centimetres of depths, and sturdy lotus root seedling is inserted into ditch, with mud and straw with
Just it winds, starts to launch shrimp seedling in late August；(4) field management：Scientific irrigation, Rational Irrigation；Seedling stage shallow water spends the fluffy phase suitable
Work as deep water, depth of water 4-20cm；Intertillage top dressing in time, time of top dressing be annual the first tenday period of a month in May for the first time, second of mid-June, 7
The first tenday period of a month moon third time；After harvesting lotus seeds and lotus rhizome at the beginning of (5) 10 months, reserves seed for planting and pass the winter until second year continues to plant；Meanwhile increasing shrimp
The injected volume of seedling, and the lobster launched before harvesting launches 4 season of lobster at the beginning of second year 5 months.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of Hunan lotus seeds lobster interplanting intercropping, includes the following steps：(1) field is selected；(2) it is incited somebody to action in mid or late March
Paddy field finely flattens, and with lime disinfection, and uses sufficient base manure, base manure mainly based on organic fertilizer, 700 kilograms of mu manuring, farmyard manure 800
Kilogram, 80 kilograms of cake fertilizer, be affixed by 30 kilograms of Hunan lotus seeds special complex fertilizer, mud be transplanted into before mid-April；(3) in finely leveling water
Tian Shi, in paddy field, surrounding digs out the ditch of one 1 meter wide 60 centimetres of depths, and sturdy lotus root seedling is inserted into ditch, with mud and straw with
Just it winds, starts to launch shrimp seedling in late August；(4) field management：Scientific irrigation, Rational Irrigation；Seedling stage shallow water spends the fluffy phase suitable
Work as deep water, depth of water 4-20cm；Intertillage top dressing in time, time of top dressing be annual the first tenday period of a month in May for the first time, second of mid-June, 7
The first tenday period of a month moon third time；After harvesting lotus seeds and lotus rhizome at the beginning of (5) 10 months, reserves seed for planting and pass the winter until second year continues to plant；Meanwhile increasing shrimp
The injected volume of seedling, and the lobster launched before harvesting launches 2 season of lobster at the beginning of second year 5 months.
Further, in above embodiments, cun three lotuses or the sturdy disease-free kind of lotus root completely saved that kind is excellent are selected；
Selection irrigation condition is good, has abundant water resources, the fertile paddy field of the deep sandy soil or purple clay rich in organic matter of soil layer, and fertilizer conservation is protected
Water, illumination is sufficient, and field bottom is smooth, and arable layer is in 20cm or more.
Further, in above embodiments, planting hole, every cave kind of lotus root 3-4 are carried out by 230 caves per acre when being transplanted into mud
Branch keeps 3-4cm shoaling layer in cave, puts kind of lotus root is radial, depth of planting 5-10cm plants lotus root terminal bud towards planting hole
Outside, lotus root body is lain on one's side, and slightly towards under, periproct upward, is covered lotus root kind head with mud.
Further, in above embodiments, threshing after the lotus seeds of picking are tedded 1-2 days, then the lotus seeds that threshing is obtained
Ted 3-4 days, until water content≤13.5% when, can store in case processing.
Further, in above embodiments, the size for choosing shrimp seedling is 2-4 centimetres, and shrimp seedling male and female ratio is 5:9, and
The throw-in density of shrimp seedling is 4000-6000 tail/per acre；After launching shrimp seedling 3 days, small fish and meat mincing are stirred, mixed simultaneously
Hop protein matter content be not less than 25% lobster special feed, to shrimp seedling carry out feeding, daily feeding twice, respectively in the morning 8:
30-9:30 and 18:30-19:30, each injected volume is that the 2%-3% of shrimp seedling total weight changes when shrimp seedling is at 6-7 centimetres of long value
Feeding is carried out with lobster special feed of spiral shell, freshwater mussel and plant feed the cooperation protein content not less than 25%.
Further, when Hunan lotus seeds suffer from prodenia litura insect pest, the intensive lotus leaf of pieces of an egg worm is extractd in time, and larva is killed by a pinch,
Or sprayed again with emulsion 800 is fostered, every 15 days 1 time.
Further, when Hunan lotus seeds suffer from aphid insect pest, with 10% aphid lice it is net 15 grams/acre or 2.5% flutter 20 grams/acre of lice aphid into
Row prevention and treatment.
Further, in above embodiments, when Hunan lotus seeds suffer from water maggot evil, pungent pudding treatment fertilizer is mixed with first and spreads fertilizer over the fields prevention and treatment.
Further, first time topdressing is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in group with 4 kilograms of potash fertilizer, 10 kilograms of ammonium bicarbonate, 4 kilograms of urea per acre
It is turned over once within the scope of outer 1.5 meters with drag head, fertilizer is ploughed under in mud.
Further, second of top dressing uses 4 kilograms of potash fertilizer, 15-20 kilograms of ammonium bicarbonate, 6-7 kilograms of urea per acre, uses drag head
It turns over once, fertilizer is ploughed under in mud, third time top dressing depends upon circumstances.
Comparative example 1
The disease resistance of Hunan lotus seeds
As can be seen from the table above, using the method for Hunan lotus seeds lobster interplanting intercropping of the invention compared to traditional cultivation side
Method significantly improves the disease resistance of Hunan lotus seeds.
Comparative example 2
As can be seen that the method for Hunan lotus seeds lobster interplanting intercropping of the invention is conducive to improve the yield of Hunan lotus seeds, using lotus shrimp
Lotus field increases production 300-500 plants to stereo cultivating method per acre.
Finally it should be noted that：The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it；
Although the present invention is described in detail referring to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of skill in the art that it still may be used
To modify to the technical solution that previous embodiment is recorded or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And this
A little modifications or substitutions, the spirit and scope for technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method of Hunan lotus seeds lobster interplanting intercropping, which is characterized in that include the following steps：(1) field is selected；(2) in March
The middle ten days and the last ten days finely flattens in paddy field, with lime disinfection, and uses sufficient base manure, mud is transplanted into before mid-April；(3) it is finely flattening
When paddy field, in paddy field, surrounding digs out the ditch of one 1 meter wide 60 centimetres of depths, sturdy lotus root seedling is inserted into ditch, with mud and straw
Winding started to launch shrimp seedling in late August；(4) field management：Scientific irrigation, Rational Irrigation；Seedling stage shallow water spends the fluffy phase appropriate
Deep water, depth of water 4-20cm；Intertillage top dressing in time；After harvesting lotus seeds and lotus rhizome at the beginning of (5) 10 months, reserves seed for planting and pass the winter until second year continues
Plantation；Meanwhile the lobster for increasing the injected volume of shrimp seedling, and launching before harvesting launches lobster 2-4 at the beginning of second year 5 months
Season, the size of shrimp seedling are 2-4 centimetres, and shrimp seedling male and female ratio is 5:9.
2. a kind of method of Hunan lotus seeds lobster interplanting intercropping according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (1)
The condition of seed selection is：Select cun three lotuses or the sturdy disease-free kind of lotus root completely saved that kind is excellent.
3. a kind of method of Hunan lotus seeds lobster interplanting intercropping according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (1)
The condition for selecting field is：Selection irrigation condition it is good, have abundant water resources, the deep sandy soil or purple clay rich in organic matter of soil layer it is fertile
Paddy field, and fertilizer conservation is retained, illumination is sufficient, and field bottom is smooth, and arable layer is in 20cm or more.
4. a kind of method of Hunan lotus seeds lobster interplanting intercropping according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (2)
The method for being transplanted into mud is：Planting hole is carried out by 230 caves per acre, and every cave kind of lotus root 3-4 branch keeps 3-4cm shoaling layer, general in cave
Kind lotus root is radial puts, depth of planting 5-10cm, and kind lotus root terminal bud towards outside planting hole, lie on one's side by lotus root body, lotus root kind head slightly towards under,
Periproct upward, is covered with mud.
5. a kind of method of Hunan lotus seeds lobster interplanting intercropping according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (2),
Mainly based on organic fertilizer, 600-800 kilograms of mu manuring, 800-1000 kilograms of farmyard manure or 80-100 kilograms of cake fertilizer are affixed by base manure
30 kilograms of Hunan lotus seeds special complex fertilizer.
6. a kind of method of Hunan lotus seeds lobster interplanting intercropping according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step (4),
The time of top dressing is annual first time the first tenday period of a month in May, second of mid-June, early July third time.
7. a kind of method of Hunan lotus seeds lobster interplanting intercropping according to claim 1, which is characterized in that spread out the lotus seeds of picking
Threshing after shining 1-2 days, then the lotus seeds that threshing is obtained ted 3-4 days, until water content≤13.5% when, can store in case of adding
Work.
8. a kind of method of Hunan lotus seeds lobster interplanting intercropping according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the dispensing of the shrimp seedling
Density is 4000-6000 tail/per acre.
9. a kind of method of Hunan lotus seeds lobster interplanting intercropping according to claim 1, which is characterized in that launching shrimp seedling 3 days
Afterwards, small fish and meat mincing are stirred, while mixed protein content is not less than 25% lobster special feed, shrimp seedling is carried out
Feeding, daily feeding twice, respectively in the morning 8:30-9:30 and 18:30-19:30, each injected volume is shrimp seedling total weight
2%-3% uses spiral shell, freshwater mussel and plant feed cooperation protein content instead and is not less than when shrimp seedling is at 6-7 centimetres of long value
25% lobster special feed carries out feeding.
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| CN109937811A (en) * | 2019-04-08 | 2019-06-28 | 周万日 | A kind of plantation of Hunan lotus seeds and processing technology process |
| CN111264434A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-12 | 扬州大学 | Rice straw returning technology for intercropping crayfish in lotus root field |
| CN114246150A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2022-03-29 | 怀化市大丰源生态农业开发股份有限公司 | Three-dimensional breeding method for lotus and crayfish |
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| CN107853108A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-03-30 | 合肥万丰生态稻虾养殖专业合作社 | A kind of lobster cultivation method based on rice field |
| CN107996477A (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-05-08 | 合肥万丰生态稻虾养殖专业合作社 | A kind of lobster cultivation method based on space lotus |
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| CN111264434A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-06-12 | 扬州大学 | Rice straw returning technology for intercropping crayfish in lotus root field |
| CN114246150A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2022-03-29 | 怀化市大丰源生态农业开发股份有限公司 | Three-dimensional breeding method for lotus and crayfish |
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