CN107371746A - The film of Virus-free Sweetpotato three covers method for culturing seedlings - Google Patents
The film of Virus-free Sweetpotato three covers method for culturing seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN107371746A CN107371746A CN201710743466.4A CN201710743466A CN107371746A CN 107371746 A CN107371746 A CN 107371746A CN 201710743466 A CN201710743466 A CN 201710743466A CN 107371746 A CN107371746 A CN 107371746A
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- virus
- seedling
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- sweet potato
- shed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0231—Tunnels, i.e. protective full coverings for rows of plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
- A01G13/0275—Films
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/14—Greenhouses
- A01G9/1438—Covering materials therefor; Materials for protective coverings used for soil and plants, e.g. films, canopies, tunnels or cloches
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of film of Virus-free Sweetpotato three to cover method for culturing seedlings,It is in Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL,Using mulch film,The nursery of Virus-free Sweetpotato is carried out with reference to three film coverage conditions of shed and heliogreenhouse,The method for culturing seedlings of acquisition,The covering of the making in seedbed and arch shed membrane and mulch film is started with out of heliogreenhouse,Gone to bed mode with reference to Virus-free Sweetpotato row's potato,Temperature of shed,The synthesis of the factors such as the management of the essential conditions such as humidity,Emergence period of the sweet potato in Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL is set to shift to an earlier date one to one and a half months,Meet sweet potato in the early implantation demand of the middle ten days and the last ten days in March,And the three films covering method for culturing seedlings of the present invention is small by outside climatic interference,Seedlings growing area is big,Environment maintains more stable in canopy,It is able to ensure that the nursery of high-volume sweet potato and significantly shifting to an earlier date for emergence period,Obtained sweet potato seedling is in plantation with the plantation advantage for being less prone to pest and disease damage,The emergence of sweet potato seedling two crops in one year can be completed additionally by the mode of collecting seedling of high cutting seedlings,With positive dissemination and significant economic value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sweet potato seedling-raising technique field, more particularly to a kind of film of Virus-free Sweetpotato three covering method for culturing seedlings.
Background technology
Sweet potato, also known as sweet potato, pachyrhizus etc., it is the fourth-largest crops in China, its is delicious and sweet, nutritious, containing a large amount of
Sugar, protein, fat, vitamin and mineral, grain can be made, contained nutrients help increases passive protective physical fitness, strengthens vascular wall bullet
Power and bone dental health, contain a large amount of carbohydrate, calcium and carrotene again, to be a kind of yield less than general rice, face
Coarse cereals high, nutrition is good, its medical value are also just being recognized by people, have enriching the blood and tonifying qi, relax bowel, improve immune work(
Energy, anti-aging, artery sclerosis and other effects is prevented, be important economy, the energy, feed and health care crop, obtained in recent years
Pay attention to extensively.The breeding of sweet potato uses the vegetative propagations such as root tuber, vines, potato point in production, including straight cutting is bred and nursery is numerous
Two ways is grown, straight cutting breeding is that kind is directly inserted using small potato in crop field, but this method sowing quantity is big, easy infection germ, raw
Using less in production;Nursery breeding is to utilize adventitious bud former base of being hidden under potato wedge perithelium to sprout long seedling, and then cutting seedlings is planted in big
Field, or cutting seedlings transplanting are planted in crop field after garden breeding of collecting seedling, then from garden cutting seedlings of collecting seedling, and this method easily obtains excellent seedling, is universal
The propagation method of application.In the emergence evening in period of traditional sweet potato seedling raising mannerses, it can not meet the needs currently produced, and disease be present
Seriously, the problems such as land utilization ratio is low, the popularization progress of high-yield culturing and sweet potato new production pattern is directly affected.Sweet potato educates in advance
The supply time of seedling, be current sweet potato production model it is diversified there is an urgent need to.
The content of the invention
To solve the shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of film of Virus-free Sweetpotato three to cover method for culturing seedlings, should
Method is educated in Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL with three film soverlay techniques of the ground film combination arch shed membrane in conjunction with heliogreenhouse to Virus-free Sweetpotato
Seedling, the seeding stage of sweet potato is at least shifted to an earlier date one to one and a half months, meet early implantation of the sweet potato in the middle ten days and the last ten days in March, adapt to market
Demand, bring significant economic benefit.
To achieve the above object, the film of Virus-free Sweetpotato three covering method for culturing seedlings provided by the invention, is in Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL, adopts
The nursery of Virus-free Sweetpotato is carried out with mulch film, with reference to three film coverage conditions of shed and heliogreenhouse, started to educate in 10~15 days 2 months
Seedling, emergence on March 15~20, the method for culturing seedlings include:
A, heliogreenhouse seedbed is made:
A1, plough, apply fertilizer, doing furrow:Apply fertilizer while being ploughed to the soil in heliogreenhouse, then done along north-south
Furrow, the wide 1.1~1.4m of furrow, form seedbed, seedbed 30~40mm of spacing;
A2, the support frame for building in heliogreenhouse an arch shed membrane, support frame as described above is highly 1.5~1.7m;
B, the nursery of Virus-free Sweetpotato:
B1, row's potato, earthing:By the Virus-free Sweetpotato potato seed of seed selection, by the way of tiling, arranged with 2~6cm of spacing on potato
Bed, then 2~3cm of cladding thickness fine earth, carries out rudiment;
B2, covering shed and mulch film:Arch shed membrane is covered after step b1, is watered immediately after, treats that the water on seedbed oozes down
After cover mulch film, into the vernalization stage;
Managed in b3, canopy:The vernalization stage makes temperature of shed constantly heat up, and maintains low temperature to be not less than 12 DEG C, high temperature is not higher than
38 DEG C, humidity maintains 80~85%;A water is poured after emergence in 10~12 days;10~12cm of height of seedling is treated, temperature of shed is dropped
Temperature, high temperature is maintained to be not higher than 25 DEG C;
C, collect seedling:Treat that 20~25cm of height of seedling collects seedling, planted for sweet potato.
The film of the Virus-free Sweetpotato three covering method for culturing seedlings of the present invention, ground temperature and climate change feature based on Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL,
The covering of the making in seedbed and arch shed membrane and mulch film is started with out of heliogreenhouse, with reference to Virus-free Sweetpotato row's potato go to bed mode, in canopy
The synthesis of the factors such as the management of the essential conditions such as temperature, humidity, make emergence period of the sweet potato in Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL shift to an earlier date one to
One and a half months, meet sweet potato in the early implantation demand of the middle ten days and the last ten days in March, supplement market supply, and bring for plantation peasant household aobvious
The economic benefit of work.The emergence process of the present invention, is in that this area's temperature is relatively low, soil freezing period, is educated in advance to reach
The purpose of seedling, the environment of suitable sweet potato emergence is provided by the three film overlay managements based on heliogreenhouse, avoids external environment from becoming
Change the influence to emergence, more other method for culturing seedlings for shifting to an earlier date the seeding stage such as vinyl house nursery, heated kang nursery, heating wire nursery
Disturbed by outside climatic small Deng, the film soverlay technique of heliogreenhouse three, seedlings growing area is big, and environment maintains more stable in canopy, can be true
Protect high-volume sweet potato nursery and emergence period significantly in advance, and thus obtained sweet potato seedling plantation when have be not easy out
The plantation advantage of existing pest and disease damage, beneficial effect is respectively provided with for the high yield of sweet potato, stable yields and raising sweet potato quality etc.;Educate
Seedling process is gone to bed using tile mode row's potato, and the management control to conditions such as temperature of shed, humidity, more conducively Virus-free Sweetpotato
Early emergence and management, increase output of seedling.By the scientific and reasonable and efficient film mulching plant technology of heliogreenhouse three, acquisition is fitted
Virus-free Sweetpotato germination method in Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL, sweet potato seeding stage, raising sweet potato seedling quality in advance can be stablized, had positive
Dissemination and significant economic value.
As the restriction to above-mentioned technical proposal, 200~300kg of organic fungi-manure is applied in every mu of fertilising described in step a1.
As the restriction to above-mentioned technical proposal, Virus-free Sweetpotato potato seed seed selection original seed or breeding rank described in step b1.
Heliogreenhouse seedbed process is made, is ploughing while is carrying out the administration of organic fungi-manure, can be with Pesticidal and sterilizing, loose soil
Earth, emerged beneficial to the health of sweet potato;Potato seed is advantageously selected for the management in seeding stage, and obtains high yield and high-quality sweet potato seedling.
As the restriction to above-mentioned technical proposal, step c is collected seedling using high cutting seedlings mode.
As the restriction to above-mentioned technical proposal, first batch of after seedling was harvested March 15~20, fertilising is carried out every other day and pours
Water, second batch of seedling was harvested after 7-9 days.
For collecting seedling for sweet potato seedling, can also be collected seedling by the mode of lifting seedlings by high cutting seedlings mode using high cutting seedlings mode
The growth of regrowth hair seedling can be promoted afterwards, two crops in one year sweet potato seedling is obtained, realize high yield, meet the market demand.
In summary, using technical scheme, the film of the Virus-free Sweetpotato three covering method for culturing seedlings of acquisition, is to be based on Ji
The ground temperature of ALFISOL IN CENTRAL and climate change feature, out of heliogreenhouse the covering of the making in seedbed and arch shed membrane and mulch film start with,
The synthesis of the factors such as the management for the essential conditions such as mode, temperature of shed, humidity of being gone to bed with reference to Virus-free Sweetpotato row's potato, makes sweet potato exist
The emergence period of Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL shifts to an earlier date one to one and a half months, meets sweet potato in the early implantation demand of the middle ten days and the last ten days in March, supplement
Market supply, for plantation, peasant household brings significant economic benefit.The three film soverlay techniques based on heliogreenhouse of the present invention are by outer
Boundary's weather interference is small, and seedlings growing area is big, and environment maintains more stable in canopy, it can be ensured that the nursery of high-volume sweet potato and emergence period
Significantly in advance, in addition, can complete the emergence of sweet potato seedling two crops in one year by the mode of collecting seedling of high cutting seedlings, and thus method obtains
Sweet potato seedling in plantation with the plantation advantage for being less prone to pest and disease damage, for the high yield of sweet potato, stable yields and improve sweet potato matter
Amount etc. is respectively provided with beneficial effect, has positive dissemination.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, technical scheme is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described
Embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, this area
The every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill is obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to protection of the present invention
Scope.
Embodiment
The present embodiment is related to the three films covering nursery of Virus-free Sweetpotato, and method for culturing seedlings is as follows:
(1) nursery season and nursery pattern
Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL, in the nursery that 10 days or so 2 months start Virus-free Sweetpotato.
Virus-free Sweetpotato potato seed selects:Virus-free Sweetpotato must be used, selects original seed or breeding rank.
Nursery pattern:Three films cover, i.e. mulch film+shed+heliogreenhouse.
(2) nursery of Virus-free Sweetpotato
A, heliogreenhouse seedbed is made:
A1, plough, apply fertilizer, doing furrow:To heliogreenhouse (heliogreenhouse is the abbreviation of energy saving sunlight greenhouse, also known as brooder, by
Two side gables, back wall, support frame and covering material composition are safeguarded, be a kind of greenhouse not heated indoors, pass through rear wall
Body is realized to solar absorption stores heat release, maintains indoor certain temperature levels) in soil apply fertilizer while ploughed, mu
200~300kg of organic fungi-manure is applied, can be with Pesticidal and sterilizing, chesson;The Central-South heliogreenhouse in Ji is generally East and West direction, along south
North orientation does furrow, the wide 1.1~1.4m of furrow, forms seedbed, seedbed 30~40mm of spacing, seedbed length according to greenhouse north-south and
It is fixed;
A2, one and heliogreenhouse arch shed membrane support frame of a size are built in heliogreenhouse, typically use thin wire
, support frame height be advisable with 1.5~1.7m;
B, the nursery of Virus-free Sweetpotato:
B1, row's potato, earthing:By the Virus-free Sweetpotato potato seed of seed selection, by the way of tiling, arranged with 2~6cm of spacing on potato
Bed, the spacing of potato seed according to kind it is germinating depending on, rest in 2cm to 6cm, the Virus-free Sweetpotato of different cultivars is germinating not
Together, germinating high kind spacing is big;Then 2~3cm of cladding thickness fine earth, rudiment is carried out;
B2, covering shed and mulch film:After the row's of completion potato and earthing, arch shed membrane covering is carried out immediately, improves seedbed temperature
Degree, after the completion of water immediately, mulch film is covered after the water on seedbed oozes down, into the vernalization stage;
Managed in b3, canopy:The vernalization stage makes temperature of shed constantly heat up, and maintains low temperature to be not less than 12 DEG C, high temperature is not higher than
38 DEG C, a roller shutter that heliogreenhouse is turned on when having sunlight makes to heat up in canopy, and roller shutter is put down half by noon according to temperature of shed,
Put down roller shutter insulation less than 20 DEG C in the afternoon when temperature, while controls humidity in canopy to maintain 80~85%;After emergence in 10~12 days
Pour a water;10~12cm of height of seedling is treated, temperature of shed is cooled, and maintains high temperature to be not higher than 25 DEG C;
C, collect seedling:Treat that 20~25cm of height of seedling collects seedling, planted for sweet potato;It can be collected seedling using the mode of lifting seedlings, can also use height
Cutting seedlings mode is collected seedling, and the growth of second batch of seedling can be promoted by being collected seedling in a manner of high cutting seedlings, harvests two batches of seedlings, increases output of seedling;In 3
The moon 15~20 harvested first batch of after seedling, carried out fertilizing, watering every other day, and second batch of seedling was harvested after 7-9 days.
First batch of sweet potato seedling obtaining is more conventional to start nursery by the end of March (conventional seedbed system needs temperature to reach more than 16 DEG C)
Time can provide safeguard in advance at least one to one and a half months, improve the sweet potato Time To Market of peasant for the plantation of early spring sweet potato,
And have when later stage sweet potato is planted and be less prone to pest and disease damage, yield of sweet potato is high, quality is good, stable yields advantage.
Drawn by contrast test, the germinating height of Virus-free Sweetpotato, its emergence quantity of quantity than non-Virus-free Sweetpotato of emerging
It is higher by more than 15%;In addition, the present invention the film of heliogreenhouse three covering nursery, than the film seedling raising mannerses of greenhouse three seedling-growing time not
It is only capable of 20 days ahead of time, and risk is small, stability is high, because environment is influenceed greatly by outside climatic in the film of greenhouse three, in nursery early stage
The germination conditions of sweet potato can not be met, risk can be caused big, emergence is few, emerges the problem of late;It can be carried than Small plastic shed seedling raising mannerses
Emerge within early 45 days.
In summary, the film of Virus-free Sweetpotato three of the invention covering method for culturing seedlings, it is in Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL, using mulch film, knot
The nursery of the three film coverage conditions progress Virus-free Sweetpotato of shed and heliogreenhouse is closed, the method for culturing seedlings of acquisition, makes sweet potato in Ji
The emergence period in southern area shifts to an earlier date one to one and a half months, meets sweet potato in the early implantation demand of the middle ten days and the last ten days in March, and this hair
The bright film of heliogreenhouse three covering method for culturing seedlings is small by outside climatic interference, and seedlings growing area is big, and environment maintains more stable, energy in canopy
Enough ensure the nursery of high-volume sweet potato and significantly shifting to an earlier date for emergence period, sweet potato can be completed additionally by the mode of collecting seedling of high cutting seedlings
The emergence of seedling two crops in one year, there is positive dissemination and significant economic value, realize the development of high-yield and high-efficiency agricultural.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of film of Virus-free Sweetpotato three covers method for culturing seedlings, it is characterised in that in Ji ALFISOL IN CENTRAL, using mulch film, with reference to shed
The nursery of Virus-free Sweetpotato is carried out with three film coverage conditions of heliogreenhouse, started nursery, March 15~20 in 10~15 days 2 months
Emergence, the method for culturing seedlings include:
A, heliogreenhouse seedbed is made:
A1, plough, apply fertilizer, doing furrow:Applied fertilizer while being ploughed to the soil in heliogreenhouse, then do furrow along north-south,
Wide 1.1~the 1.4m of furrow, form seedbed, seedbed 30~40mm of spacing;
A2, the support frame for building in heliogreenhouse an arch shed membrane, support frame as described above is highly 1.5~1.7m;
B, the nursery of Virus-free Sweetpotato:
B1, row's potato, earthing:By the Virus-free Sweetpotato potato seed of seed selection, by the way of tiling, gone to bed with 2~6cm of spacing row's potatos, so
2~3cm of cladding thickness fine earth afterwards, carry out rudiment;
B2, covering shed and mulch film:Arch shed membrane is covered after step b1, is watered immediately after, is covered after the water on seedbed oozes down
Lid mulch film, into the vernalization stage;
Managed in b3, canopy:The vernalization stage makes temperature of shed constantly heat up, and maintains low temperature to be not less than 12 DEG C, and high temperature is not higher than 38 DEG C,
Humidity maintains 80~85%;A water is poured after emergence in 10~12 days;10~12cm of height of seedling is treated, temperature of shed is cooled, dimension
High temperature is held not higher than 25 DEG C;
C, collect seedling:Treat that 20~25cm of height of seedling collects seedling, planted for sweet potato.
2. the film of Virus-free Sweetpotato three according to claim 1 covers method for culturing seedlings, it is characterised in that:Applied fertilizer described in step a1 every
Mu applies 200~300kg of organic fungi-manure.
3. method for culturing seedlings is covered according to the film of Virus-free Sweetpotato three described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Detoxification described in step b1
Sweet potato potato seed seed selection original seed or breeding rank.
4. the film of Virus-free Sweetpotato three according to claim 1 covers method for culturing seedlings, it is characterised in that:Step c uses high cutting seedlings
Mode is collected seedling.
5. the film of Virus-free Sweetpotato three according to claim 4 covers method for culturing seedlings, it is characterised in that:Received March 15~20
Win the first place a batch after seedling, carry out fertilizing, watering every other day, second batch of seedling was harvested after 7-9 days.
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN108477216A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-09-04 | 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 | A kind of sweet potato strong sprout composition, sweet potato strong sprout method and application |
CN109526650A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-03-29 | 廊坊市农林科学院 | The cold canopy method for culturing seedlings of three film of sweet potato |
CN109729949A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-05-10 | 宝鸡市农业科学研究院 | The method for culturing seedlings of sweet potato in a kind of greenhouse |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108477216A (en) * | 2018-04-09 | 2018-09-04 | 河北省农林科学院粮油作物研究所 | A kind of sweet potato strong sprout composition, sweet potato strong sprout method and application |
CN109526650A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-03-29 | 廊坊市农林科学院 | The cold canopy method for culturing seedlings of three film of sweet potato |
CN109729949A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-05-10 | 宝鸡市农业科学研究院 | The method for culturing seedlings of sweet potato in a kind of greenhouse |
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