CN107343639B - 一种含苦水玫瑰的苹果蜜及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种含苦水玫瑰的苹果蜜及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L21/00—Marmalades, jams, jellies or the like; Products from apiculture; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L21/10—Marmalades; Jams; Jellies; Other similar fruit or vegetable compositions; Simulated fruit products
- A23L21/12—Marmalades; Jams; Jellies; Other similar fruit or vegetable compositions; Simulated fruit products derived from fruit or vegetable solids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L21/00—Marmalades, jams, jellies or the like; Products from apiculture; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L21/10—Marmalades; Jams; Jellies; Other similar fruit or vegetable compositions; Simulated fruit products
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L21/00—Marmalades, jams, jellies or the like; Products from apiculture; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L21/20—Products from apiculture, e.g. royal jelly or pollen; Substitutes therefor
- A23L21/25—Honey; Honey substitutes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Jellies, Jams, And Syrups (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种含苦水玫瑰的苹果蜜及其只备份昂发,按质量百分比由以下原料制成:浓缩苹果汁45‑55%、苦水玫瑰花瓣8‑12%、蜂蜜15‑20%、罗望子胶2‑5%、水余量。本发明通过独特的工艺操作、工作步骤、具体用料等的协同组合与选择,无需添加酸味剂、防腐剂等化学添加剂,无需额外的杀菌工艺,可得到具有良好储存稳定性、口感和味道以及良好营养成分保持率的苹果蜜,美味健康,安全可靠,在天然原料饮品领域具有良好的工业化应用前景和市场价值。本发明的苹果蜜具有独特玫瑰香味,风味协调,酸甜适口,保留了玫瑰花原有的色泽和形态,玫瑰花瓣鲜香脆嫩;产品呈半固体状,玫瑰花瓣悬浮均匀,无杂质和水析层;产品为深红色,有光泽。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品加工技术领域,特别是涉及了一种含苦水玫瑰的苹果蜜及其制备方法。
背景技术
玫瑰( Rosa rugosa Thunb)是蔷薇科蔷薇属的多年生常绿落叶性灌木。据《本草纲目》记载: 玫瑰花性温、味甘、归经, 能益肝健脾、和胃、补肾、和血调经,是食、药兼用的花卉,具有良好的营养价值与保健功能。国内外主要用于观赏和制作香料,国外对于玫瑰精油的提取和成分分析的研究比较早,集中于上世纪80到90年代,但近年来在此方面的研究主要集中在各成分提取与功能特性等方面[3],很少见到以玫瑰为主要原料的食品生产。
在我国玫瑰原产于北方, 目前全国各地均有种植。产于我省永登县的苦水玫瑰因其枝叶茂盛, 花朵繁多, 色泽鲜艳, 香气浓郁, 具有抗旱耐寒、抗病虫害能力强、适应性广、单位面积产花量高、出油率高、香气质量好等特点,所以广泛用于生产精油、花茶等产品的原料。但是我省玫瑰产业存在以下问题:产品精、深加工少,多数以原料或半成品卖出,产品附加值低,经济效益不显著。
苹果是一种具有多种保健功能的营养水果。因为它不含饱和脂肪、胆固醇和钠、且具有较高溶解性纤维,因此长期食用苹果能降低血胆固醇、降血压、保持血糖稳定、降低过旺的食欲,有利于减肥。苹果汁还能杀灭传染性病毒,治疗腹泻及预防蛀牙。除此之外,功能全面的苹果胶质能保持血糖的稳定,所以苹果不但是糖尿病患者的健康小吃,而且是一切想要控制血糖水平的人必不可少的水果。
蜂蜜是由蜜蜂采集植物蜜腺分泌的汁液经充分酿造而成,主要成分为糖类,其中60%~ 80%是人体容易吸收的葡萄糖和果糖,是一种天然食品,味道甜蜜,营养丰富,含有与人体 血清浓度相近的多种无机盐和维生素、铁、钙、铜、锰、钾、磷等多种有机酸和有益人体健 康的微量元素,以及果糖、葡萄糖、淀粉酶、氧化酶、还原酶等,具有滋养、润燥、解毒、美白养颜、润肠通便之功效,对妇、幼特别是老人更具有良好保健作用。
现有技术中公开了多种苹果蜜的制备方法,但这些制备方法中仍存在一些缺陷,例如制备过程中加热时间过长,导致营养成分流失、破坏;又如这些方法通常需要额外添加白砂糖、柠檬酸和防腐剂,且长时间放置后容易出现水析层等现象,产品风味和口感单一,难以满足市场需求。
发明内容
为了弥补已有技术的缺陷,本发明提供一种含苦水玫瑰的苹果蜜及其制备方法。
本发明所要解决的技术问题通过以下技术方案予以实现:
一种含苦水玫瑰的苹果蜜,按质量百分比由以下原料制成:浓缩苹果汁45-55%、苦水玫瑰花瓣8-12%、蜂蜜15-20%、罗望子胶2-5%、水余量。
进一步地,其按质量百分比由以下原料制成:浓缩苹果汁50%、苦水玫瑰花瓣11%、蜂蜜18%、罗望子胶3%、水余量。
进一步地,蜂蜜纯度为98%以上。蜂蜜纯度越高,越利于提升苹果蜜的口感,同时纯度越高的蜂蜜,保鲜效果越好。
进一步地,所述蜂蜜为椴树蜜。
进一步地,所述浓缩苹果汁的浓度达65%-70%。
本发明人对大量的食品增稠剂进行筛选、优化,从而筛选确定出适合添加在苹果蜜中的增稠剂的种类为罗望子胶,利用多糖、大分子物质和罗望子胶之间形成的相互排斥-吸引作用力,形成稳定的弱凝胶状态,使其具有适宜的粘度。同时,本发明人经反复试验,意外地发现,在本发明中加入罗望子胶并合理控制其添加量,除了有增加产品粘度,维持产品状态的稳定的作用之外,还掩盖了苦水玫瑰本身的苦涩味以及天然苹果汁带来的酸味,所制备的苹果蜜无涩味,香气浓郁具有玫瑰花独特的风格,口感醇厚。
现有技术中在果蜜的制备中往往需要添加白砂糖等甜味剂来调节产品的甜度,添加柠檬酸等酸味剂来调节产品的酸度,而本发明无需额外甜味剂和酸味剂,利用原料自身的特性并合理调控各原料的用量配比,使得产品风味协调、甜而不腻、酸甜适口。
本发明以浓缩苹果汁作为主料,以苦水玫瑰花瓣和蜂蜜作为辅料,各组分之间互为补充,发挥协同作用,达到美容养颜、抗氧化、增强免疫功能、抗疲劳、的作用。
本发明在配方中加入苦水玫瑰,不仅不掩盖苹果汁和椴树蜜的香气,反而进一步加强了苹果汁的清香气味和椴树蜜特有的浓郁花香味,相互协调,起到协同提香的作用,三者结合产生的是一种全新的口味,可有效促进食欲,大大提高食用的享受感。
本发明还提供一种苹果蜜的制备方法,其步骤为:
S1:选择新鲜、无腐烂、无萎蔫的新鲜苦水玫瑰花瓣,剔除掉花蒂、花叶、花蕊,将苦水花瓣放于滤器中,用水冲洗,沥干,待用;
S2:将浓缩苹果汁加水稀释,待用;
S3:将蜂蜜倒入锅中,加水化开后加入步骤S1得到的苦水玫瑰花瓣和步骤S2得到的苹果汁,用小火加热至沸腾,然后加入罗望子胶,并保持沸腾状态2-4分钟,在此期间用玻璃棒不断搅拌,之后关火,冷却,灌装。
进一步地,步骤S2中,使苹果汁浓度稀释到 50%。
本发明制备苹果蜜时加热时间短,克服因为长时间加热导致营养成分流失、破坏的现有技术的缺陷,不仅使得原料中的营养成分不易破坏,营养价值高,耗能少,而且使得苦水玫瑰和苹果的功效更充分地融合到蜂蜜中。
食用方法:将苹果蜜加入温水拌匀即可饮用,其中料水比为1:4,温度为50℃时食用更佳。
本发明具有如下有益效果:
(1)本发明通过独特的工艺操作、工作步骤、具体用料等的协同组合与选择,无需添加酸味剂、防腐剂等化学添加剂,无需额外的杀菌工艺,可得到具有良好储存稳定性、口感和味道以及良好营养成分保持率的苹果蜜,美味健康,安全可靠,在天然原料饮品领域具有良好的工业化应用前景和市场价值。
(2)本发明的苹果蜜具有独特玫瑰香味,风味协调,酸甜适口,保留了玫瑰花原有的色泽和形态,玫瑰花瓣鲜香脆嫩;产品呈半固体状,玫瑰花瓣悬浮均匀,无杂质和水析层;产品为深红色,有光泽。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进行详细的说明,实施例仅是本发明的优选实施方式,不是对本发明的限定。
实施例1
一种含苦水玫瑰的苹果蜜,其按质量百分比由以下原料制成:浓缩苹果汁50%、苦水玫瑰花瓣11%、椴树蜜18%、罗望子胶3%、水余量;其中椴树蜜纯度为98%以上,浓缩苹果汁的浓度达65%-70%;
上述苹果蜜的制备方法为:
S1:选择新鲜、无腐烂、无萎蔫的新鲜苦水玫瑰花瓣,剔除掉花蒂、花叶、花蕊,将苦水花瓣放于滤器中,用水冲洗,沥干,待用;
S2:将浓缩苹果汁加水稀释,使浓缩苹果汁浓度稀释到 50%,待用;
S3:将椴树蜜倒入锅中,加水化开后加入步骤S1得到的苦水玫瑰花瓣和步骤S2得到的苹果汁,用小火加热至沸腾,然后加入罗望子胶,并保持沸腾状态4分钟,在此期间用玻璃棒不断搅拌,之后关火,冷却,灌装。
实施例2
一种苦水玫瑰的苹果蜜,其按质量百分比由以下原料制成:浓缩苹果汁45%、苦水玫瑰花瓣8%、椴树蜜15%、罗望子胶2%、水余量;其中椴树蜜纯度为98%以上,浓缩苹果汁的浓度达65%-70%;
上述苹果蜜的制备方法为:
S1:选择新鲜、无腐烂、无萎蔫的新鲜苦水玫瑰花瓣,剔除掉花蒂、花叶、花蕊,将苦水花瓣放于滤器中,用水冲洗,沥干,待用;
S2:将浓缩苹果汁加水稀释,使浓缩苹果汁浓度稀释到 50%,待用;
S3:将椴树蜜倒入锅中,加水化开后加入步骤S1得到的苦水玫瑰花瓣和步骤S2得到的苹果汁,用小火加热至沸腾,然后加入罗望子胶,并保持沸腾状态2分钟,在此期间用玻璃棒不断搅拌,之后关火,冷却,灌装。
实施例3
一种苦水玫瑰的苹果蜜,其按质量百分比由以下原料制成:浓缩苹果汁55%、苦水玫瑰花瓣12%、椴树蜜20%、罗望子胶5%、水余量;其中椴树蜜纯度为98%以上,浓缩苹果汁的浓度达65%-70%;
上述苹果蜜的制备方法为:
S1:选择新鲜、无腐烂、无萎蔫的新鲜苦水玫瑰花瓣,剔除掉花蒂、花叶、花蕊,将苦水花瓣放于滤器中,用水冲洗,沥干,待用;
S2:将浓缩苹果汁加水稀释,使浓缩苹果汁浓度稀释到 50%,待用;
S3:将椴树蜜倒入锅中,加水化开后加入步骤S1得到的苦水玫瑰花瓣和步骤S2得到的苹果汁,用小火加热至沸腾,然后加入罗望子胶,并保持沸腾状态3分钟,在此期间用玻璃棒不断搅拌,之后关火,冷却,灌装。
对比例1
与实施例1相比,区别仅在于,用果胶替代罗望子胶。
对比例2
与实施例1相比,区别仅在于,用琼脂替代罗望子胶。
对比例3
与实施例1相比,区别仅在于,用羧甲基纤维素钠替代罗望子胶。
试验例1
将实施例1-3以及对比例1-3得到的产品进行感官评价。
其中由20名经过训练的感官评价员按照表1的感官评价评分标准进行质量感官评价,评价结果如表2。
表1
表2
试验例2
将实施例1-3得到的产品进行微生物检测,检测方法如下:
制备牛肉膏培养基:分别称取牛肉膏1.5g、蛋白胨5g、氯化钠2.5g、琼脂10g;在烧杯中加入少于所需要的水量,用玻璃棒搅匀,待药品溶解后加入将称好的琼脂放入已溶化的药品中,再加热使其溶化,在琼脂溶化过程中,需不断搅拌,以防琼脂糊底使烧杯破裂。最后补足所示的水分。用精密PH试纸测量培养基的原始PH,并调节PH达7.6。将调节好PH的培养基灭菌(121℃,20min高压灭菌),将灭菌的培养基冷却至50℃左右后在无菌操作台中倒平板;
吸取1ml的产品,稀释后接种,在37℃恒温条件下培养48h,测定细菌总数。
经测定,实施例1-3的产品经过37℃恒温条件下培养48h后,均符合细菌总数远远小于100 cfu/mL的标准。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的实施方式,其描述较为具体和详细,但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制,但凡采用等同替换或等效变换的形式所获得的技术方案,均应落在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.一种含苦水玫瑰的苹果蜜的制备方法,其特征在于,其按质量百分比由以下原料制成:浓缩苹果汁45-55%、苦水玫瑰花瓣8-12%、蜂蜜15-20%、罗望子胶2-5%、水余量;所述蜂蜜为椴树蜜;所述浓缩苹果汁的浓度达65%-70%;其步骤为:
S1:选择新鲜、无腐烂、无萎蔫的新鲜苦水玫瑰花瓣,剔除掉花蒂、花叶、花蕊,将苦水花瓣放于滤器中,用水冲洗,沥干,待用;
S2:将浓缩苹果汁加水稀释,待用;
S3:将蜂蜜倒入锅中,加水化开后加入步骤S1得到的苦水玫瑰花瓣和步骤S2得到的苹果汁,用小火加热至沸腾,然后加入罗望子胶,并保持沸腾状态2-4分钟,在此期间用玻璃棒不断搅拌,之后关火,冷却,灌装。
2.如权利要求1所述的含苦水玫瑰的苹果蜜的制备方法,其特征在于,其按质量百分比由以下原料制成:浓缩苹果汁50%、苦水玫瑰花瓣11%、蜂蜜18%、罗望子胶3%、水余量。
3.如权利要求1所述的含苦水玫瑰的苹果蜜的制备方法,其特征在于,蜂蜜纯度为98%以上。
4.如权利要求1所述的含苦水玫瑰的苹果蜜的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S2中,使浓缩苹果汁浓度稀释到 50%。
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