CN107318549A

CN107318549A - A kind of implantation methods of organic tree plant

Info

Publication number: CN107318549A
Application number: CN201610274297.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 廖小彬
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2016-04-29
Filing date: 2016-04-29
Publication date: 2017-11-07

Abstract

The present invention is the implantation methods of organic tree plant, including seed selection, soil acidity or alkalinity adjustment, between the periphery or centre in tea place are appropriate, kind pine tree, plantation, tea garden management, weeding, fertilising, trimming, pest and disease damage are prevented and kill off, the high-quality tourism industry organic green-tea that implantation methods of the invention are produced no agricultural chemicals, polluted without hormone and without chemicals.

Description

A kind of implantation methods of organic tree plant

Technical field：

The present invention relates to a kind of implantation methods of organic tree plant, particularly a kind of full ecological technique plants the side of tea tree Method.

Background technology：

Organic tea is the tealeaves that a kind of method according to organic agriculture is produced and processed.In its production process, The things such as any artificial synthesized chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, plant growth regulator, chemical food additive are not applied completely Matter is produced, and meets IFOAM (LFOAM) standard, is issued through organic (natural) food Card tissue issues certificate.Organic tea is a kind of pollution-free, pure natural tealeaves.Organic tea is also China first The organic food of individual outlet of awaring a certificate.

Because organic tea plants very strict, input cost is very high, and the current base of China is also few, but in order to Health, it is very important to advocate full ecological technique plantation organic tea.

Tourism industry tea is well-known because of production Guiping, Guangxi city Western Hills scenic spot.Tourism industry is close to Xun Jiang, there is famous Newborn current of spring through tea place by, spring profit mist hold together, be very suitable for the growth of tea tree.It originates from the Tang Dynasty, to the Ming Dynasty The ground such as well-known Guangdong and Guangxi Provinces and Hunan, Fujian.According to《When state mansion will》Record：" Western Hills tea, color is clear green and taste is fragrant, no Subtract Dragon Well tea ".Tourism industry chessboard stone Camellia sinensis var. viridis variety characteristic：Leaf epicormic branch is thin, and Miao Feng appears, chromaticness indigo naturalis and In gloss, soup is dark green and limpid bright.Tea flavour shows unique characteristics, spring tea delicate fragrance, and summer tea pears are fragrant, autumn tea mellowness, Winter tea lotus is fragrant, tooth cheek lasting after drink.

But the past does not notice that some tea growers do not note in terms of fertilising and medication, and not reaching also has due to management The standard of machine tea.

The content of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of plantation of organic green-tea and management method, primarily to production is without agriculture Medicine, the high-quality organic green-tea polluted without hormone and without chemicals, meet the various high-grade organic green-teas of in the market The need for, the green tea obtained with full ecological technique implantation methods of the invention is pure natural, taste fragrance, free from extraneous odour, Soup look is limpid.

The implantation methods of organic tree plant of the present invention, including following content：

(1) choose seeds, it is stronger using local impoverishment tolerant, drought tolerance, grow vigorous, tree crown it is graceful, suitable for mountain region, What hilly upland was planted gives off a strong fragrance, the fresh refreshing Western Hills chessboard stone Camellia sinensis var. viridis kind of tea flavour, with the branch of the previous year Carry out cuttage；

(2) soil acidity or alkalinity is adjusted, it is sub- with lime, aluminum sulfate, sulfuric acid according to the soil property situation of planting site Iron is adjusted with acid, alkalescence Organic Manure on Soil acid-base value, and it is 4.5 to 6.5 to make pH value；Have Machine tea place has to comply with eco-environmental quality, and content of beary metal must be controlled strictly, also requires away from city and work Industry area and village and highway, to prevent town and country dust, waste water, waste gas and excessive human activity from being brought to tealeaves Pollution.

The ancestors of tea tree were grown in acid soil originally, formd the sour heredity of tea tree offspring, most significantly It is that tea tree each several part all shows acidity.In south China, with the acid soil of red or yellow soil.Work as ground temperature High, rainfall is big, and annual rainfall is more in more than 1500mm.The characteristics of this high temperature and rainy, damp and hot same season, make soil The weathering and pedogenesis of earth are very strong, and the circulation of biological substance is very rapid.Alkali height is unsaturated, pH Typically in 4.5-6.If below 4.5, can suitably apply a small amount of lime, regulation pH is some to reduce Heavy metal element endangers.And the north salt-soda soil, when alkaline too high, can add a small amount of aluminum sulfate, ferrous sulfate, Humic acid fertilizer etc., makes soil increase acid.

Requirement of the tea tree to soil be：Happiness acid, is afraid of alkali；It is hygrophilous, be afraid of flood；Happiness is deep, fertilizer, pine, be afraid of it is shallow, thin, Firmly.Tea tree is that leave is with industrial crops for many years, and the quality of soil is not only directly connected to its existence and growth, And to from now on can high-quality and high yield also play important influence.Closely related edaphic condition is main with tea tree It is：Soil acidity or alkalinity, soil temperature and humidity, the hierarchical structure of soil, the fertile degree of soil, the heavy metal of soil Content and terrain etc..Tea tree is very sensitive to the acid-base value of soil.Acid-base value is improper, other conditions Even if preferably, tea tree can not obtain good quality and high output.Illustrate that soil acidity or alkalinity is played to growth of tea plant conclusive Effect.It was verified that tea tree could normal growth, bad, the alkali of neutral soil growth only on acid soil Property or calcareous soil on plant tea will be dead.The P in soil H of suitable growth of tea plant is that acid-base value is 3.5-6.5, And preferred range is pH4.5-6.5；In addition, aluminium Al content is very high in tea tree body, than being both in acid soil Mulberry tree, citrus trees of middle growth etc. will be higher by more than 10 times, be referred to as poly-aluminium plant.A1 can significantly promote Enter the growth of tea root；It may additionally facilitate the photosynthesis of tea tree；A1 absorbs calcium to tea tree antagonism, To preventing Ca from excessively causing tea tree harm to have certain effect, general tea place does not lack Fe, but manganese (Mn), phosphorus (p), copper (Cu) etc. absorbs Fe to tea tree antagonism.Therefore, effective Mn is excessive in soil, applies P mistakes Many, the aqueous solution of foliage-spray Bordeaux mixture copper sulphate is likely to cause the interim property of tea tree to lack showing for Fe As.The root system of tea tree be with mycosymbiosis, with the mycorhiza of tea tree symbiosis be also required to acidity environment.Tea root Contain more organic acid in liquid, cushion effect is just stronger in acid condition.

(3) pine tree is planted on the periphery in tea place, pine tree is planted between tea place centre is appropriate, selection is in soil thickness More than 25 centimetres, the soil is porous, drainage and the good tailo of good air permeability, illumination condition, half light hillside fields Section plantation；

Pine tree be black pine in Pinaceae pine genus plant, Chinese pine, Korean pine, Huashan pine, pinus yunnanensis, pinus khasys, Masson pine etc..The most area of China is covered with masson pine and Chinese pine, and the pine needle of pine tree dispels pathogenic wind and remove dampness, killed Worm, antipruritic treats rheumatism, and bruise, insomnia can prevent epidemic meningitis etc., pine needle bitter is warm-natured, nontoxic pines Leaf, which does not only have medical value, to be used to prevent and treat hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, apoplexy, senile dementia, and Have and contain abundant amino acid in health-care effect, pine needle, a variety of fat-soluble and water soluble vitamin, rosin Major function, wind-dispelling, desinsection, eliminating dampness, apocenosis is drawn out pus by applying a plaster to the affected part, myogenic, analgesic.Control ulcer, serious case of furuncle, hemorrhoid complicated by anal fistula, Malignant sore.Mange, white bald, metal-inflicted wound, is sprained, arthralgia pain due to rheumatism, pestilential wind itch.

Appropriate pine tree is planted in tea place, being rich in nutrition pine needle can be trickled down in tea place, have preferably to tea tree Health effect, the rosin of outflow can give out pest repellant, and the insect for reducing tea place wreaks havoc, and is one to tea tree Plant good protective barrier.

(4) plant, the preceding tea place of tea cutting will use sufficient farm manure base manure, apply appropriate organic when soil depletion Phosphorus, potash fertilizer, base manure apply it is lower after in 3-5 centimetres of blinding thereon, it is to avoid tea root directly contacts fertilizer, then with fertilizer Fertile pond sludge or stream mud treats kind of a tea tree slurry root, and appropriate peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers are added during slurry root；

(5) tea garden management, tea tree seedling is short of seedling thinning to be filled the gaps with seedlings, and dry season carries out shallow plowing ridging to before bringing, Before summer arrives, tea place is shaded with pine branch.

(6) when growing weeds on weeding, alley side, root shovel grass is not connected, without using herbicide, only by weeds Cut short；This is very important, on the one hand can be conserved water and soil not to being lost in, if weeds on the other hand are connected into root The ecological balance can be influenceed by pulling out, without grass, and insect will aggravate to attack the leaf and root of tea tree.

(7) apply fertilizer, young tea plantations more than 750 kilograms of mu organic fertilizer per annual strengthen woods harvesting tea place, often Annual 1.5-2.5 tons of organic fertilizer of mu, increases 100-150 kilograms of cake fertilizer, 25-50 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, Tea place is applied three times and topdressed for 1 year, is applied and is applied after vernalization fertilizer, spring tea second before spring tea, third time is applied after summer tea；

(8) trim, childhood, adult or Senile tea plant all should the dormant prunings after annual growth terminates, tea Set the winter buds dormancy later stage, spring tea shoot was sprouted in the past for optimal trimming period.Young plant only cuts major branch, does not cut Side shoot, once, 3-5 trimmings deeply are once for the annual light pruning for the tea tree that grows up；Trimming, is tea tree hat management Important measures.Natural juvenile stage be in pagoda-shaped, into age after be in hammer-imitation type, pass through trim regulation and control tea tree growth send out Educate, trunk infusion distribution and operating grow vigorous, lasting, high and stable yield purpose to reach.Tealeaves The way of ordinary tea leaves is installed in harvesting.

(9) Pests of Tea-Plants is prevented and treated using innocuous substance：Smaller green leaf hopper, tea geometrid, Scirothrips dorsalis, Euproctis pseudoconspersa, Red spider, aphid and cutworm；Use harmless bactericidal agent for preventing and treating disease for tea plant：Leaf blight, stem rot and tea cream Medicine disease；

The material composition and parts by weight of described innocuous substance preventing and treating Pests of Tea-Plants be：20~30 parts of cigarette, 20~30 parts of kuh-seng, 20~30 parts of polygonum flaccidum, 10~15 parts of bitter fruit leaf, 1-2 parts of surfactant makes It is to smash above-mentioned material in addition to surfactants with method, plus 5~10 times of water, boil half an hour, Filtrate is taken to add surfactant, 300-500 times of dilution is sprayed.

The material composition of the harmless bactericide of described preventing and treating disease for tea plant is levogyrate alpha-terpineol, milk of lime and table The mixture of face activating agent, milk of lime parts by weight are 80-90 parts, and levogyrate alpha-terpineol parts by weight are 10-20 Part, surfactant parts by weight are 1-2 parts, and 100 times are diluted with water when using.Levogyrate alpha-terpineol be from Rosin extract separation material, be sprayed on tea tree with it, can sterilize can also desinsection, with above-mentioned described tea place kind The reason for planting pine tree is the same.

Above-described surfactant is that we usually wash the dishes, wash the liquid detergent that food is used.

Kuh-seng (scientific name：Sophora flavescens) it is the plant that pulse family kuh-seng belongs to.Be distributed in Russia, The ground such as each provinces and regions in north and south of India, Korea and China's Mainland, are grown on the area of 1500 meters of height above sea level, give birth to more In hillside, sand ground, Cao Po, spinney and near field, at present not yet by artificial introducing and planting.Function master Control：Heat-clearing and damp-drying drug, desinsection, diuresis.For hot dysentery, have blood in stool, jaundice renal shutdown, red leukorrhea.

Tobacco, Solanaceae annual herb plant, Nicotiana tabacum L. tobaccos contain a large amount of nicotine, energy Prevent and treat the pest and disease damage of plant.It is reported that tobacco leaf, offal are added water 20-30 times, soak 24 hours, be made Tobacco insecticide, is sprayed on Woody flower, can prevent eliminating aphis, red spider, scale insect, Liriomyza, plant hopper.

Polygonum flaccidum (Polygonum hydropiper L.) category polygonaceae (Polygonaceae) Polygonum (Polygonum L. annual herb plant), is a kind of Chinese traditional herbs of China, is all distributed in China's most area, It is a kind of plant of resource very abundant；Polygonum flaccidum is to insect, such as looper, cutworm, is refused with very strong Food, deterrent effect, have been developed as a kind of new botanical pesticide, peppery when use as Chinese medicine Knotweed be used for dysentery, diarrhea, acute tonsillitis, malaria, arthralgia pain due to rheumatism, treating swelling and pain by traumatic injury, uterine bleeding, carbuncle swells furunculosis, scrofula, Venomous snake bite, eczema, the ringworm of the foot, traumatism and bleeding.

Bitter fruit leaf, Classification system：Melia azedarach L, are Meliaceae deciduous tree plant leafs, high 10-20m.Bark crineous, lobe, old branch purple has most tiny hole skins.Wilderness or roadside are born in, often Cultivate in after room anterior chamber.The plant grown on the fertile soil of moistening rapidly, to soil require it is not tight, acid soil, Neutral soil can grow with In Limestone Area, be the good reproducting tree species of Plain and low altitude area hills area, village's wing Side plantation is more suitable.Margosa is timber-used plant, is also medicinal plant, and its flower, leaf, fruit, root skin are equal It can be used as medicine.It is widely distributed in Tropical Asian and subtropical zone, also there is cultivation Temperate Region in China.Azedarach：With plant Bark and root skin are used as medicine bitter；It is cold in nature；Poisonous desinsection；Treat tinea.Folium Meliae：It is used as medicine bitter with the leaf of plant； It is cold in nature；Poisonous heat-clearing and damp-drying drug；Desinsection is antipruritic；Promoting qi circulation and relieving pain.

The processing of organic tea, according to the precise procedures of national Specification, is no longer described herein.

The substantive distinguishing features of the present invention and significant progress：

1st, tea tree is chosen seeds as needed.It is stronger using local impoverishment tolerant, drought tolerance, grow it is vigorous, Tree crown is graceful, suitable for giving off a strong fragrance that mountain region, hilly upland are planted, the fresh refreshing Western Hills chessboard stone Camellia sinensis var. viridis of tea flavour Fine quality, it is ensured that the quality of tea tree.

2nd, soil acidity or alkalinity is adjusted, soil pH value is adjusted with lime and ferrous sulfate or humic acid organic fertilizer.

3rd, appropriate pine tree is planted in tea place, being rich in nutrition pine needle can be trickled down in tea place, have to tea tree Preferable health effect, the rosin of outflow can give out pest repellant, and the insect for reducing tea place wreaks havoc, to tea tree It is a kind of good protective barrier.

4th, weeding, without using herbicide, is simply mowed using root shovel grass is not connected, and maintains water and soil not to loss, Reduce pest attack tea tree leaf and root.

5th, inorganic fertilizer, a manure use are not applied, it is ensured that soil is not hardened.

6th, Pests of Tea-Plants is prevented and treated using innocuous substance：Smaller green leaf hopper, tea geometrid, Scirothrips dorsalis, Euproctis pseudoconspersa, Red spider, aphid and cutworm；Use harmless bactericidal agent for preventing and treating disease for tea plant：Leaf blight, stem rot and tea cream Medicine disease.

Embodiment：

Embodiment 1

The present inventor carries out the plantation of organic tree plant in the famous scenic spot tourism industry in Guangxi, method include seed selection, Soil acidity or alkalinity adjustment, the mountain top plantation pine tree in tea place, pine tree, plantation, tea place are planted between tea place centre is appropriate Management, beta pruning, weeding, fertilising, pest and disease damage are prevented and kill off, and concrete technical scheme is as follows：

(1) choose seeds, it is stronger using local impoverishment tolerant, drought tolerance, grow vigorous, tree crown it is graceful, suitable for mountain region, Hilly upland plantation gives off a strong fragrance, the fresh refreshing high-quality Camellia sinensis var. viridis kind cuttage of tea flavour, growth adaptability it is stable with Annual branch afterwards carries out cuttage；

(2) soil acidity or alkalinity is adjusted, it is sub- with lime, aluminum sulfate, sulfuric acid according to the soil property situation of planting site Iron is adjusted with acid, alkalescence Organic Manure on Soil acid-base value, and it is 4.5 to 6.5 to make pH value；Have Machine tea place has to comply with eco-environmental quality, and content of beary metal must be controlled strictly, it is desirable to away from city and industry Area and village and highway, to prevent town and country dust, waste water, waste gas and excessive human activity from bringing dirt to tealeaves Dye.

(3) pine tree is planted on the mountain top in tea place, pine tree is planted between tea place centre is appropriate, selection is in soil thickness More than 25 centimetres, the soil is porous, drainage and the good tailo of good air permeability, illumination condition, half light hillside fields Section plantation.

(4) plant, the preceding tea place of tea cutting will use sufficient farm manure base manure, apply appropriate organic when soil depletion Phosphorus, potash fertilizer, base manure apply it is lower after in 3-5 centimetres of blinding thereon, it is to avoid tea root directly contacts fertilizer, Ran Houyong Fertile pond sludge or stream mud treats kind of a tea tree slurry root, and appropriate peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers are added during slurry root.

(6) when growing weeds on weeding, alley side, root shovel grass is not connected, only will be miscellaneous without using herbicide Grass cuts short.

(7) apply fertilizer, young tea plantations more than 750 kilograms of mu organic fertilizer per annual strengthen woods harvesting tea place, often Annual 1.5-2.5 tons of organic fertilizer of mu, increases 100-150 kilograms of cake fertilizer, 25-50 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, Tea place is applied three times and topdressed for 1 year, is applied and is applied after vernalization fertilizer, spring tea second before spring tea, third time is applied after summer tea.

(8) trim, childhood, adult or Senile tea plant all should the dormant prunings after annual growth terminates, tea Set the winter buds dormancy later stage, spring tea shoot was sprouted in the past for optimal trimming period.Young plant only cuts major branch, does not cut Side shoot, once, 3-5 trimmings deeply are once for the annual light pruning for the tea tree that grows up.

The material composition and parts by weight of described innocuous substance preventing and treating Pests of Tea-Plants be：Tobacco 20~30 Part, 20~30 parts of kuh-seng, 20~30 parts of polygonum flaccidum, 10~15 parts of bitter fruit leaf, 1-2 parts of surfactant, Application method is to smash above-mentioned material in addition to surfactants, plus 5~10 times of water, boils half an hour, Filtrate is taken to add surfactant, 300-500 times of dilution is sprayed.

Organic tea product that above-described embodiment is obtained is according to national Specification, no fertilizer and pesticide, heavy metal free, Without harmful chemical pollution, there is sale in the domestic market at present, also export to some countries of Europe, Obtain the welcome of in the market.

The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments, enables professional and technical personnel in the field to realize or use this hair It is bright.A variety of modifications to these embodiments will be apparent for those skilled in the art, this General Principle defined in text can be implemented other without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention Realized in example.Therefore, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and be to fit to The principles disclosed herein most wide scope consistent with features of novelty.

Claims

1. a kind of implantation methods of organic tree plant, it is characterised in that including following content：

(2) soil acidity or alkalinity is adjusted, according to the soil property situation of planting site, with lime, aluminum sulfate, ferrous sulfate Or be adjusted with acid, alkalescence Organic Manure on Soil acid-base value, it is 4.5 to 6.5 to make pH value；Organic tea Garden has to comply with eco-environmental quality, and content of beary metal must be controlled strictly, it is desirable to away from city and industrial area with And village and highway, prevent town and country dust, waste water, waste gas and excessive human activity from bringing pollution to tealeaves；

(3) plant pine tree between appropriate in the middle of the periphery and tea place in tea place, selection soil thickness be more than 25 centimetres, The soil is porous, drainage and the good tailo of good air permeability, illumination condition, half light hillside fields section are planted；

(4) plant, tea tree, which transplants preceding tea place, will use sufficient farm manure base manure, applied when soil depletion appropriate organophosphor, Potash fertilizer, base manure apply it is lower after in 3-5 centimetres of blinding thereon, it is to avoid tea root directly contacts fertilizer, then with fertile Pond sludge or stream mud treat kind of a tea tree slurry root, and appropriate peroxophosphoric acid calcareous fertilisers are added during slurry root；

(5) tea garden management, tea tree seedling is short of seedling thinning to be filled the gaps with seedlings, and dry season carries out shallow plowing ridging, summer to before bringing Before season arrives, tea place is shaded with pine branch；

(6) when growing weeds on weeding, alley side, root shovel grass is not connected, without using herbicide, is only cut weeds It is short；

(7) apply fertilizer, young tea plantations more than 750 kilograms of mu organic fertilizer per annual strengthen woods harvesting tea place, every year Average 1.5-2.5 tons of mu organic fertilizer, increases 100-150 kilograms of cake fertilizer, 25-50 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, tea place Apply within 1 year three times and topdress, apply and applied after vernalization fertilizer, spring tea second before spring tea, third time is applied after summer tea；

(8) trim, childhood, adult or Senile tea plant all should the dormant prunings after annual growth terminates, tea tree Winter buds dormancy later stage, spring tea shoot trims period before sprouting to be optimal；Young plant only cuts major branch, does not cut side Branch, once, 3-5 trimmings deeply are once for the annual light pruning for the tea tree that grows up；

(9) Pests of Tea-Plants is prevented and treated using innocuous substance：It is smaller green leaf hopper, tea geometrid, Scirothrips dorsalis, Euproctis pseudoconspersa, red Spider, aphid and cutworm；Use harmless bactericidal agent for preventing and treating disease for tea plant：Leaf blight, stem rot and tea plaster Disease.

2. the implantation methods of organic tree plant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described innocuous substance Prevent and treat Pests of Tea-Plants material composition and parts by weight be：20~30 parts of tobacco, 20~30 parts of kuh-seng, polygonum flaccidum 20~30 parts, 10~15 parts of bitter fruit leaf, 1-2 parts of surfactant, application method is except table by above-mentioned Material beyond the activating agent of face is smashed, plus 5~10 times of water, is boiled half an hour, takes filtrate to add surfactant, 300-500 times of dilution is sprayed.

3. the implantation methods of organic tree plant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that preventing and treating disease for tea plant The material composition of harmless bactericide is the mixture of levogyrate alpha-terpineol, milk of lime and surfactant, milk of lime Parts by weight are 80-90 parts, and levogyrate alpha-terpineol parts by weight are 10-20 parts, surfactant parts by weight For 1-2 parts, 100 times are diluted with water when using.