CN107268262A - 一种纺织布料的染色工艺 - Google Patents

一种纺织布料的染色工艺 Download PDF

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CN107268262A
CN107268262A CN201710634032.0A CN201710634032A CN107268262A CN 107268262 A CN107268262 A CN 107268262A CN 201710634032 A CN201710634032 A CN 201710634032A CN 107268262 A CN107268262 A CN 107268262A
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textile cloth
dye vat
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Hefei Vatican Agel Ecommerce Ltd
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Abstract

一种纺织布料的染色工艺，包括以下步骤：一、将纺织布料置于高压染缸内，然后往高压染缸注水后，再注入蒸汽；二、当高压染缸内水的温度升到80‑100℃时，往高压染缸加入精练剂并搅拌溶液，同时加入碱溶液，调节PH值，进行密封处理；三、将高压染缸内压力和温度升高；四、将高压染缸的压力和温度保持，持续精练；五、精炼结束后，将高压染缸内的压力和温度降至常温常压，然后排尽高压染缸内的溶液；六、将步骤五得到的纺织布料在常温常压的条件下，进行水洗处理；七、将步骤六水洗过的纺织布料放入在染缸内，进行染色处理。本发明的纺织布料染色效果佳，方法简单、操作简便，且染色迅速，上色时间短，适合工业化大批量生产。

Description

一种纺织布料的染色工艺
技术领域
本发明属于染色工艺技术领域，具体涉及一种纺织布料的染色工艺。
背景技术
在白色或浅色织物上先直接印以色浆，在经过蒸化等后处理的印花工艺过程称为印花。印花种类有直接染料印花、活性染料直接印花、还原染料直接印花、暂溶性还原染料直接印花、不溶性偶氮染料直接印花、苯胺黑直接印花、分散染料直接印花和快色素、快胺素、快磺素染料直接印花。
纺织印染行业中大量使用化学染料，对环境影响严重。目前常用的合成染料包含致癌性物质，还直接使穿着者或生产者受害，对皮肤有一定的刺激性和过敏性。为防止环境污染加剧，国际上被禁止使用的化学染料已从几十种增加到上百种。
与合成染料相比，天然色素自然，穿着安全，部分天然色素还具有一定的保健功能，深受人们的喜爱。植物染料是天然染料中应用历史最悠久、应用面最广的染料。植物染料主要是从植物的茎叶、花等部位提取得到，取自自然界，因此，植物染料无毒无害无污染，备受到制造业的广泛使用。
目前我国印染行业使用最多的是海藻酸钠有机印花染料，海藻酸钠又名褐藻酸钠、海带胶、褐藻胶、藻酸盐，是由海带中提取的天然多糖碳水化合物。但是，由于制备海藻酸钠的主要原料为海带，不仅资源受限制，而且造价高昂，为了促进印染行业的发展，需要研发一种新的染色的方法，来改善现有技术的不足，使得廉价的染料同样可以产生很好的染色效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种纺织布料的染色工艺，本发明的纺织布料染色效果佳，方法简单、操作简便，且染色迅速，上色时间短，适合各类纺织布料的染色，不会破坏纺织布料的材料，适合工业化大批量生产。
本发明提供了如下的技术方案：
一种纺织布料的染色工艺，包括以下步骤：
一、将纺织布料置于高压染缸内，然后往高压染缸注水到纺织布料与水的质量比为1:5后注入蒸汽；
二、当高压染缸内水的温度升到80-100℃时，往高压染缸加入精练剂并搅拌溶液，同时加入碱溶液，调节PH值到8-9时进行密封处理；
三、将高压染缸内压力按0.5Mpa/min的上升，升至5-7Mpa时，将高压染缸内溶液温度按10℃/min的速度升至180-200℃；
四、将高压染缸的压力保持在5Mpa，将溶液温度保持在180℃的条件下，持续精练50-80min；
五、当纺织布料持续精炼结束后，将高压染缸内的压力和温度降至常温常压，然后排尽高压染缸内的溶液；
六、将步骤五得到的纺织布料在常温常压的条件下，进行水洗处理；
七、将步骤六水洗过的纺织布料放入在染缸内，往染缸内注水，再注入蒸汽，进行染色处理。
优选的，所述步骤二精炼剂为肥皂、硅酸钠、碱性蛋白酶和分散剂的混合物，以上成分有利于提高纺织布料的着色性能，并且各成分成本低廉、易于制备。
优选的，所述步骤二的碱溶液为氢氧化钠溶液，该材料成本低廉且不会破坏纺织布料。
优选的，所述步骤六的水洗处理为：先用100-150℃水温水洗一次，然后用60-80℃水温水洗一次，最后再用常温水水洗一次，该步骤可充分去除纺织布料上的杂质，提高后续染色的质量。
优选的，所述三次水洗的时间均为20-30min。
优选的，所述步骤七染色处理为：往染缸内加入30-40%的碱剂并搅拌均匀，浸泡30-40min后加入活性染料和助剂，将温度升到100-120℃时,染色40-60min，染色结束后排放尾液。
优选的，所述碱剂为氨水。
优选的，所述助剂包括均染剂、分散剂、修补剂和抗静电剂。
本发明的有益效果是：
本发明的纺织布料染色效果佳，方法简单、操作简便，且染色迅速，上色时间短，适合各类纺织布料的染色，不会破坏纺织布料的材料，适合工业化大批量生产。
本发明的步骤二精炼剂为肥皂、硅酸钠、碱性蛋白酶和分散剂的混合物，以上成分有利于提高纺织布料的着色性能，并且各成分成本低廉、易于制备。
本发明的步骤二的碱溶液为氢氧化钠溶液，该材料成本低廉且不会破坏纺织布料。
本发明的步骤六的水洗处理为：先用100-150℃水温水洗一次，然后用60-80℃水温水洗一次，最后再用常温水水洗一次，该步骤可充分去除纺织布料上的杂质，提高后续染色的质量。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种纺织布料的染色工艺，包括以下步骤：
一、将纺织布料置于高压染缸内，然后往高压染缸注水到纺织布料与水的质量比为1:5后注入蒸汽；
二、当高压染缸内水的温度升到100℃时，往高压染缸加入精练剂并搅拌溶液，同时加入碱溶液，调节PH值到8时进行密封处理；
三、将高压染缸内压力按0.5Mpa/min的上升，升至5Mpa时，将高压染缸内溶液温度按10℃/min的速度升至180℃；
四、将高压染缸的压力保持在5Mpa，将溶液温度保持在180℃的条件下，持续精练80min；
五、当纺织布料持续精炼结束后，将高压染缸内的压力和温度降至常温常压，然后排尽高压染缸内的溶液；
六、将步骤五得到的纺织布料在常温常压的条件下，进行水洗处理；
七、将步骤六水洗过的纺织布料放入在染缸内，往染缸内注水，再注入蒸汽，进行染色处理。
步骤二精炼剂为肥皂、硅酸钠、碱性蛋白酶和分散剂的混合物，以上成分有利于提高纺织布料的着色性能，并且各成分成本低廉、易于制备。
步骤二的碱溶液为氢氧化钠溶液，该材料成本低廉且不会破坏纺织布料。
步骤六的水洗处理为：先用100℃水温水洗一次，然后用60℃水温水洗一次，最后再用常温水水洗一次，该步骤可充分去除纺织布料上的杂质，提高后续染色的质量。
三次水洗的时间均为20min。
步骤七染色处理为：往染缸内加入40%的碱剂并搅拌均匀，浸泡40min后加入活性染料和助剂，将温度升到100℃时,染色40min，染色结束后排放尾液。
碱剂为氨水。
助剂包括均染剂、分散剂、修补剂和抗静电剂。
实施例2
一种纺织布料的染色工艺，包括以下步骤：
一、将纺织布料置于高压染缸内，然后往高压染缸注水到纺织布料与水的质量比为1:5后注入蒸汽；
二、当高压染缸内水的温度升到100℃时，往高压染缸加入精练剂并搅拌溶液，同时加入碱溶液，调节PH值到9时进行密封处理；
三、将高压染缸内压力按0.5Mpa/min的上升，升至5Mpa时，将高压染缸内溶液温度按10℃/min的速度升至200℃；
四、将高压染缸的压力保持在5Mpa，将溶液温度保持在180℃的条件下，持续精练50min；
五、当纺织布料持续精炼结束后，将高压染缸内的压力和温度降至常温常压，然后排尽高压染缸内的溶液；
六、将步骤五得到的纺织布料在常温常压的条件下，进行水洗处理；
七、将步骤六水洗过的纺织布料放入在染缸内，往染缸内注水，再注入蒸汽，进行染色处理。
步骤二精炼剂为肥皂、硅酸钠、碱性蛋白酶和分散剂的混合物，以上成分有利于提高纺织布料的着色性能，并且各成分成本低廉、易于制备。
步骤二的碱溶液为氢氧化钠溶液，该材料成本低廉且不会破坏纺织布料。
步骤六的水洗处理为：先用150℃水温水洗一次，然后用80℃水温水洗一次，最后再用常温水水洗一次，该步骤可充分去除纺织布料上的杂质，提高后续染色的质量。
三次水洗的时间均为30min。
步骤七染色处理为：往染缸内加入40%的碱剂并搅拌均匀，浸泡40min后加入活性染料和助剂，将温度升到120℃时,染色60min，染色结束后排放尾液。
碱剂为氨水。
助剂包括均染剂、分散剂、修补剂和抗静电剂。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1.一种纺织布料的染色工艺，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
一、将纺织布料置于高压染缸内，然后往高压染缸注水到纺织布料与水的质量比为1:5后注入蒸汽；
二、当高压染缸内水的温度升到80-100℃时，往高压染缸加入精练剂并搅拌溶液，同时加入碱溶液，调节PH值到8-9时进行密封处理；
三、将高压染缸内压力按0.5Mpa/min的上升，升至5-7Mpa时，将高压染缸内溶液温度按10℃/min的速度升至180-200℃；
四、将高压染缸的压力保持在5Mpa，将溶液温度保持在180℃的条件下，持续精练50-80min；
五、当纺织布料持续精炼结束后，将高压染缸内的压力和温度降至常温常压，然后排尽高压染缸内的溶液；
六、将步骤五得到的纺织布料在常温常压的条件下，进行水洗处理；
七、将步骤六水洗过的纺织布料放入在染缸内，往染缸内注水，再注入蒸汽，进行染色处理。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种纺织布料的染色工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤二精炼剂为肥皂、硅酸钠、碱性蛋白酶和分散剂的混合物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种纺织布料的染色工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤二的碱溶液为氢氧化钠溶液。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种纺织布料的染色工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤六的水洗处理为：先用100-150℃水温水洗一次，然后用60-80℃水温水洗一次，最后再用常温水水洗一次。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种纺织布料的染色工艺，其特征在于，所述三次水洗的时间均为20-30min。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种纺织布料的染色工艺，其特征在于，所述步骤七染色处理为：往染缸内加入30-40%的碱剂并搅拌均匀，浸泡30-40min后加入活性染料和助剂，将温度升到100-120℃时,染色40-60min，染色结束后排放尾液。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种纺织布料的染色工艺，其特征在于，所述碱剂为氨水。
8.根据权利要求6所述的一种纺织布料的染色工艺，其特征在于，所述助剂包括均染剂、分散剂、修补剂和抗静电剂。
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105696372A (zh) * 2014-11-25 2016-06-22 江阴市长泾花园毛纺织有限公司 一种聚酯纤维半记忆面料的染整工艺
CN106120310A (zh) * 2016-07-28 2016-11-16 东台市苏萌针织时装有限公司 一种新型蚕丝股线筒纱高压精炼工艺
CN107201674A (zh) * 2017-06-13 2017-09-26 合肥远科服装设计有限公司 一种纺织布料的染色工艺

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105696372A (zh) * 2014-11-25 2016-06-22 江阴市长泾花园毛纺织有限公司 一种聚酯纤维半记忆面料的染整工艺
CN106120310A (zh) * 2016-07-28 2016-11-16 东台市苏萌针织时装有限公司 一种新型蚕丝股线筒纱高压精炼工艺
CN107201674A (zh) * 2017-06-13 2017-09-26 合肥远科服装设计有限公司 一种纺织布料的染色工艺

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