CN107022908A - 一种棉布料的染色方法 - Google Patents

一种棉布料的染色方法 Download PDF

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CN107022908A
CN107022908A CN201710180174.4A CN201710180174A CN107022908A CN 107022908 A CN107022908 A CN 107022908A CN 201710180174 A CN201710180174 A CN 201710180174A CN 107022908 A CN107022908 A CN 107022908A
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cotton cloth
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程飞
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Hefei Yundu Cotton Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开一种棉布料的染色方法,涉及棉布料的制备领域,包括以下步骤:浸轧、棉布料预处理、染色处理、固着、烘干、漂洗;本发明选择液体石蜡代替水作为活性染料染色介质,提供一种染色过程中无需促染、染料上染率高、固着率高的棉布料染色方法。

Description

一种棉布料的染色方法
技术领域
本发明属于棉布料的制备领域,具体涉及一种棉布料的染色方法。
背景技术
纤维素纤维是世界上产量最大的纺织纤维,其中,棉纤维作为天然纤维素纤维,由于具有良好的吸水性、吸湿性、易染色性,手感柔软,强度适度,穿着舒适等优点,被广泛应用于生产生活中。
活性染料由于其色泽鲜艳、色谱齐全、应用简便、成本低廉、牢度优良已成为纤维素纤维印染的主要选择。然而,活性染料的母体通常为酸性染料,与棉纤维的亲和力小,上染率低,且纤维与染料之间存在静电斥力,常规水浴染色时需加入大量中性电解质,以促进染料对纤维的上染。电解质的加入虽然能使活性染料的上染率有一定程度的提高,并使废水排放中的染料含量随之有所降低,然而大量电解质的应用不仅在染色过程中易造成染色管路不畅等问题,而且增加了染色废水处理的难度,同样对环境造成负面影响。活性染料染色后的废水中,除了含有高浓度的盐,常常还含有高达30%~40%的未固着和水解染料,使得染色废水COD值高达(0.8~4.0)×104mg/L,废水处理的负担很重。
常规的染料染色是在水中进行的,水作为染色介质具有许多优点,例如溶解染料、溶胀纤维、溶解碱剂和电解质等添加剂以及价格低廉等,但水分子是一种较强亲核性物质,会使活性染料水解、降低固色效率和色牢度。用水多,排放的污水也多,又带来许多生态问题。若能减少染色用水量和提高染料上染率,则所需的电解质用量也就随之减少,染色废水处理的负担就能大大减轻。
因此,急需一种染色方法,上染率高、固着率高、成本低、污染小。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种棉布料的染色方法,上染率高、固着率高、污染小,成本低、适合推广。
为了解决现有技术存在的问题,采用如下技术方案:
本发明的一种棉布料的染色方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将2~6份棉织物在碳酸钠溶液中浸轧,控制轧液率为100~200%;
(2)将浸轧完的棉布料通过机械定型,置于染色机中,进行染色前处理:将水注入染缸中,加入棉布料,循环运转5~10min,再加入棉布料净洗剂、NaOH和精练剂PS,然后升温至88~92℃,保温20~25min,降温后排水;
(3)将0.1~0.5份液体石蜡、1~2重量份乙烯碳酸酯、2.6重量份冰醋酸、1.9重量份羟丙基纤维素、0.8重量份三乙烯四胺、0.2~0.5重量份渗透剂、20重量份植物染料搅拌均匀,加入染色机中,然后投入100重量份水,循环运转并加热至45℃;
(4)再依次投入1.5重量份氨基乙酸钠、1.6重量份氨基磺酸钠、0.8重量份丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵、1.6重量份聚氨基甲酸酯,继续搅拌,至充分混合均匀,继续循环运转并加热至60℃,保温20~40min;
(5)加入醋酸,混合均匀,升温至80~100℃,保温20~50min,然后取出棉布料置于90℃~105℃的温度下烘干;
(6)将棉布料取出,清水漂洗,然后自然晾干即可。
优选的,所述所述步骤(2、(3)中水均为工业用软水。
优选的,所述染色机为染色机为溢流或喷射染色机。
优选的,所述步骤(2)中升温过程分为以下步骤:
(1)以3~5℃/分钟的升温速度升温至50~55℃;
(2)以1~2℃/分钟的升温速度升温至70~73℃,然后保温4~6分钟;
(3)以0.8~1.2℃/分钟的升温速度升温至80~82℃,然后保温8~12分钟;
(4)以0.8~1.2℃/分钟的升温速度升温至88~92℃,然后保温20~25分钟。
优选的,所述步骤(2)中降温以1.8~2.2℃/分钟的降温速度降温至40~45℃。
优选的,所述液体石蜡初馏点大于200℃,粘度为21~42mPa·s。
优选的,所述步骤(1)中碳酸钠溶液密度为10~100g/L。
优选的,所述步骤(1)中轧液率为120~150%。
本发明与现有技术相比,其具有以下有益效果:
由于染料溶于水而不溶于液体石蜡,而亲水性的棉布料对水和活性染料都有很好的亲和性,因而在液体石蜡浴中无论是悬浮分散的活性染料还是溶解于水的活性染料都会自发地快速吸附到织物上,获得很高的上染率;液体石蜡染色体系中只有极少量的水存在,可以在很大程度上抑制染料的水解,相对于传统水浴染色,明显提高了染料固着率,大大增加了染料的利用率;液体石蜡是一种无色无嗅的透明油状液体,性质稳定,对人体无毒害作用,安全环保,且价格低廉。染色结束后,由于所用的染料和碱剂有良好的水溶性,因此很容易与液体石蜡分离,液体石蜡可以回收再利用;与现有技术相比,在只需要少量水的情况下,就可以达到很好染色效果,具有显著的节水和减少废水排放效果,符合生态染整的发展方向。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
本实施例涉及一种棉布料的染色方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将2份棉织物在密度为10g/L的碳酸钠溶液中浸轧,控制轧液率为100%;
(2)将浸轧完的棉布料通过机械定型,置于染色机中,进行染色前处理:将水注入染缸中,加入棉布料,循环运转5min,再加入棉布料净洗剂、NaOH和精练剂PS,然后升温至88℃,保温20min,降温后排水;
(3)将0.1份液体石蜡、1重量份乙烯碳酸酯、2.6重量份冰醋酸、1.9重量份羟丙基纤维素、0.8重量份三乙烯四胺、0.2份渗透剂、20重量份植物染料搅拌均匀,加入染色机中,然后投入100重量份水,循环运转并加热至45℃;
(4)再依次投入1.5重量份氨基乙酸钠、1.6重量份氨基磺酸钠、0.8重量份丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵、1.6重量份聚氨基甲酸酯,继续搅拌,至充分混合均匀,继续循环运转并加热至60℃,保温20min;
(5)加入醋酸,混合均匀,升温至80℃,保温20min,然后取出棉布料置于90℃~105℃的温度下烘干;
(6)将棉布料取出,清水漂洗,然后自然晾干即可。
其中,所述所述步骤(2、(3)中水均为工业用软水。
其中,所述染色机为染色机为溢流染色机。
其中,所述步骤(2)中升温过程分为以下步骤:
(1)以3℃/分钟的升温速度升温至50℃;
(2)以1℃/分钟的升温速度升温至70℃,然后保温4分钟;
(3)以0.8℃/分钟的升温速度升温至80℃,然后保温8分钟;
(4)以0.8℃/分钟的升温速度升温至88℃,然后保温20分钟。
降温以1.8℃/分钟的降温速度降温至40℃。
其中,所述液体石蜡初馏点大于200℃,粘度为21~42mPa·s。
实施例2
本实施例涉及一种棉布料的染色方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将6份棉织物在密度为10~100g/L的碳酸钠溶液中浸轧,控制轧液率为200%;
(2)将浸轧完的棉布料通过机械定型,置于染色机中,进行染色前处理:将水注入染缸中,加入棉布料,循环运转10min,再加入棉布料净洗剂、NaOH和精练剂PS,然后升温至92℃,保温25min,降温后排水;
(3)将0.5份液体石蜡、2重量份乙烯碳酸酯、2.6重量份冰醋酸、1.9重量份羟丙基纤维素、0.8重量份三乙烯四胺、0.5重量份渗透剂、20重量份植物染料搅拌均匀,加入染色机中,然后投入100重量份水,循环运转并加热至45℃;
(4)再依次投入1.5重量份氨基乙酸钠、1.6重量份氨基磺酸钠、0.8重量份丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵、1.6重量份聚氨基甲酸酯,继续搅拌,至充分混合均匀,继续循环运转并加热至60℃,保温40min;
(5)加入醋酸,混合均匀,升温至100℃,保温50min,然后取出棉布料置于90℃~105℃的温度下烘干;
(6)将棉布料取出,清水漂洗,然后自然晾干即可。
其中,所述所述步骤(2、(3)中水均为工业用软水。
其中,所述染色机为染色机为喷射染色机。
其中,所述步骤(2)中升温过程分为以下步骤:
(1)以5℃/分钟的升温速度升温至55℃;
(2)以2℃/分钟的升温速度升温至73℃,然后保温6分钟;
(3)以1.2℃/分钟的升温速度升温至82℃,然后保温12分钟;
(4)以1.2℃/分钟的升温速度升温至92℃,然后保温25分钟;
降温以2.2℃/分钟的降温速度降温至45℃。
其中,所述液体石蜡初馏点大于200℃,粘度为21~42mPa·s。
实施例3
本实施例涉及一种棉布料的染色方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将4份棉织物在密度为50g/L的碳酸钠溶液中浸轧,控制轧液率为120%;
(2)将浸轧完的棉布料通过机械定型,置于染色机中,进行染色前处理:将水注入染缸中,加入棉布料,循环运转5min,再加入棉布料净洗剂、NaOH和精练剂PS,然后升温至88℃,保温20min,降温后排水;
(3)将0.1份液体石蜡、1重量份乙烯碳酸酯、2.6重量份冰醋酸、1.9重量份羟丙基纤维素、0.8重量份三乙烯四胺、0.2份渗透剂、20重量份植物染料搅拌均匀,加入染色机中,然后投入100重量份水,循环运转并加热至45℃;
(4)再依次投入1.5重量份氨基乙酸钠、1.6重量份氨基磺酸钠、0.8重量份丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵、1.6重量份聚氨基甲酸酯,继续搅拌,至充分混合均匀,继续循环运转并加热至60℃,保温20min;
(5)加入醋酸,混合均匀,升温至80℃,保温20min,然后取出棉布料置于90℃~105℃的温度下烘干;
(6)将棉布料取出,清水漂洗,然后自然晾干即可。
其中,所述所述步骤(2、(3)中水均为工业用软水。
其中,所述染色机为染色机为溢流染色机。
其中,所述步骤(2)中升温过程分为以下步骤:
(1)以3℃/分钟的升温速度升温至50℃;
(2)以1℃/分钟的升温速度升温至70℃,然后保温4分钟;
(3)以0.8℃/分钟的升温速度升温至80℃,然后保温8分钟;
(4)以0.8℃/分钟的升温速度升温至88℃,然后保温20分钟。
降温以1.8℃/分钟的降温速度降温至40℃。
其中,所述液体石蜡初馏点大于200℃,粘度为21~42mPa·s。
实施例4
本实施例涉及一种棉布料的染色方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将5份棉织物在密度为70g/L的碳酸钠溶液中浸轧,控制轧液率为150%;
(2)将浸轧完的棉布料通过机械定型,置于染色机中,进行染色前处理:将水注入染缸中,加入棉布料,循环运转8min,再加入棉布料净洗剂、NaOH和精练剂PS,然后升温至90℃,保温22min,降温后排水;
(3)将0.4份液体石蜡、1~2重量份乙烯碳酸酯、2.6重量份冰醋酸、1.9重量份羟丙基纤维素、0.8重量份三乙烯四胺、0.4重量份渗透剂、20重量份植物染料搅拌均匀,加入染色机中,然后投入100重量份水,循环运转并加热至45℃;
(4)再依次投入1.5重量份氨基乙酸钠、1.6重量份氨基磺酸钠、0.8重量份丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵、1.6重量份聚氨基甲酸酯,继续搅拌,至充分混合均匀,继续循环运转并加热至60℃,保温30min;
(5)加入醋酸,混合均匀,升温至90℃,保温40min,然后取出棉布料置于90℃~105℃的温度下烘干;
(6)将棉布料取出,清水漂洗,然后自然晾干即可。
其中,所述所述步骤(2、(3)中水均为工业用软水。
其中,所述染色机为染色机为喷射染色机。
其中,所述步骤(2)中升温过程分为以下步骤:
(1)以4℃/分钟的升温速度升温至52℃;
(2)以1℃/分钟的升温速度升温至71℃,然后保温54~6分钟;
(3)以1℃/分钟的升温速度升温至81℃,然后保温10分钟;
(4)以1℃/分钟的升温速度升温至88~92℃,然后保温22分钟;
降温以2℃/分钟的降温速度降温至42℃。
其中,所述液体石蜡初馏点大于200℃,粘度为21~42mPa·s。
从上述实施例可以看出,本发明所述的一种棉布料的染色方法,上染率高、固着率高、污染小,成本低、适合推广
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了描述。需要理解的是,本发明并不局限于上述特定实施方式,本领域技术人员可以在权利要求的范围内做出各种变形或修改,这并不影响本发明的实质内容。

Claims (8)

1.一种棉布料的染色方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将2~6份棉织物在碳酸钠溶液中浸轧,控制轧液率为100~200%;
(2)将浸轧完的棉布料通过机械定型,置于染色机中,进行染色前处理:将水注入染缸中,加入棉布料,循环运转5~10min,再加入棉布料净洗剂、NaOH和精练剂PS,然后升温至88~92℃,保温20~25min,降温后排水;
(3)将0.1~0.5份液体石蜡、1~2重量份乙烯碳酸酯、2.6重量份冰醋酸、1.9重量份羟丙基纤维素、0.8重量份三乙烯四胺、0.2~0.5重量份渗透剂、20重量份植物染料搅拌均匀,加入染色机中,然后投入100重量份水,循环运转并加热至45℃;
(4)再依次投入1.5重量份氨基乙酸钠、1.6重量份氨基磺酸钠、0.8重量份丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵、1.6重量份聚氨基甲酸酯,继续搅拌,至充分混合均匀,继续循环运转并加热至60℃,保温20~40min;
(5)加入醋酸,混合均匀,升温至80~100℃,保温20~50min,然后取出棉布料置于90℃~105℃的温度下烘干;
(6)将棉布料取出,清水漂洗,然后自然晾干即可。
2.根据权利要求1所述棉布料的染色方法,其特征在于,所述所述步骤(2、(3)中水均为工业用软水。
3.根据权利要求1所述棉布料的染色方法,其特征在于,所述染色机为染色机为溢流或喷射染色机。
4.根据权利要求1所述棉布料的染色方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)中升温过程分为以下步骤:
(1)以3~5℃/分钟的升温速度升温至50~55℃;
(2)以1~2℃/分钟的升温速度升温至70~73℃,然后保温4~6分钟;
(3)以0.8~1.2℃/分钟的升温速度升温至80~82℃,然后保温8~12分钟;
(4)以0.8~1.2℃/分钟的升温速度升温至88~92℃,然后保温20~25分钟。
5.根据权利要求1所述棉布料的染色方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)降温以1.8~2.2℃/分钟的降温速度降温至40~45℃。
6.根据权利要求1所述棉布料的染色方法,其特征在于,所述液体石蜡初馏点大于200℃,粘度为21~42mPa·s。
7.根据权利要求1所述棉布料的染色方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中碳酸钠溶液密度为10~100g/L。
8.根据权利要求1所述棉布料的染色方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)中轧液率为120~150%。
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