CN112301761A - 一种免水洗或少水洗的印花方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及印花处理技术领域，具体是公开了一种免水洗或少水洗的印花方法，按照重量百分比配置分散染料少水洗印花色浆：分散染料1‑10％、增稠剂2‑5％、柔软剂0.5‑2％、聚合物乳液2‑5％、固色交联剂0.1‑0.5％、增深剂2‑8％、植物油0.3‑3％，余量为去离子水；将配置好的分散染料少水洗印花色浆采用平网、圆网或手工印花的方法在坯布表面进行印花；然后进行烘干、高温发色得到印花织物。本发明克服了现有技术的不足，不仅印花工艺简单，染料用量减少、而且无需水洗或只需简单一步常温水洗涤，污染小，应用前景广阔。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及印花处理技术领域，具体属于一种免水洗或少水洗的印花方法。
背景技术
纺织印染行业中的印花产品相对染色产品更占优势。印花面料因风格较为新颖，色泽、花型追随国际国内新潮流而颇为畅销，在纺织市场交易中占很大优势。但是传统的染料印花工艺存在能耗高、水耗高和对环境影响大的三高现象。近年来，工业生产产生的环境问题深受人们和政府的关注，社会上对污染企业加强环保监管的呼声日益高涨，因此，绿色印染是今后印染行业的发展方向。
传统的染料印花工艺流程为：印花—预烘—高温(汽蒸)发色—水洗(还原水洗，皂洗)—脱水—开幅定型(加整理剂)—包装。印花产品高温(汽蒸)固色后最多的需要11槽水洗，以去除未固着的染料、多余的糊料和化学品，水资源和能源消耗大、废水排放多且污水中有机污染物含量大、色度深、碱性大(还原清洗中需要用到片碱)，是较难处理的工业废水之一。
因此，寻求一种免水洗或者少水洗的印花方法为染整科技工作者的追求目标。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供了一种免水洗或少水洗的印花方法，克服了现有技术的不足，提供一种免水洗或少水洗的印花方法，不仅印花工艺简单，染料用量减少、而且无需水洗或只需简单一步常温水洗涤，污染小，应用前景广阔。
为解决上述问题，本发明所采取的技术方案如下：
一种免水洗或少水洗的印花方法，具体包括以下步骤：
S1、配置分散染料少水洗印花色浆，按照以下重量百分比配置分散染料少水洗印花色浆：分散染料1-10％、增稠剂2-5％、柔软剂0.5-2％、聚合物乳液2-5％、固色交联剂0.1-0.5％、增深剂2-8％、植物油0.3-3％，余量为去离子水；
S2、印花，将S1中配置好的分散染料少水洗印花色浆采用平网、圆网或手工印花的方法在坯布表面进行印花，得到印花布样；
S3、烘干，将S2中得到的印花布样放置于100-120℃条件下烘干3-5分钟；
S4、高温发色，将S3中烘干后的印花布样在180-200℃的高温条件下发色3-8分钟，自然冷却后，得到印花织物。
进一步，所述S4中高温发色后可根据色牢度和手感要求，用常温水洗涤印花织物一次。
进一步，所述分散染料为常规织物热熔印花所用中温型分散染料或高温型分散染料，使用前充分去除了添加剂和杂质。
进一步，所述增稠剂为丙烯酸类分散增稠剂；所述柔软剂采用有机硅类柔软剂；所述聚合物乳液为水性聚氨酯乳液或水性丙烯酸酯乳液；所述交联剂为封闭性异氰酸酯。
进一步，所述增深剂采用尿素、硫酸羟胺、聚丙烯酰胺、乙二胺，三乙醇胺中的一种或多种的组合物。
进一步，所述植物油为花生油、豆油、亚麻籽油、蓖麻油、菜籽油、桐油、玉米油、橄榄油、茶籽油、葵花籽油、芝麻油、棕榈油、稻米油、火麻油、棉籽油中的一种或多种。
进一步，所述S1中所述分散染料少水洗印花色浆的制备方法如下：按上述配比在去离子水中加入增稠剂，充分搅拌成均匀糊状后，分别加入按配比量的柔软剂、增深剂、聚合物乳液、固色交联剂、植物油后搅拌1-3分钟，搅拌均匀后再加入分散染料，搅拌均匀后制成分散染料少水洗印花色浆。
进一步，所述分散染料少水洗印花色浆的制备过程中搅拌速率为800-1000r/min。
本发明与现有技术相比较，本发明的实施效果如下：
本发明所述一种免水洗或少水洗的印花方法，通过加入分散染料的增深剂，提高了分散染料与织物纤维的亲和力从而增加染色深度，减少染料用量，通过加入少量的聚合物乳液及固色交联剂剂以及植物油，进一步提高产品牢度，无需水洗或只需简单一步常温水洗涤，简化了印花程序、降低了工作强度，节能减排，减少了污染。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的描述，但本发明不仅限于这些实例，在为脱离本发明宗旨的前提下，所为任何改进均落在本发明的保护范围之内。
实施例1
本实施例公开了一种蓝色分散染料免水洗的印花方法，具体包括以下步骤：
S1、配置分散染料少水洗印花色浆，将4.0g丙烯酸类增稠剂加入83.3g水中，在800转/分的转速下充分搅拌均匀成糊后，加入5.0g水性聚氨酯乳液，0.2g封闭型异氰酸酯交联剂，1.0g甲基硅柔软剂，2.0g尿素，0.5g蓖麻油，800转/分的转速下搅拌均匀后，加入4g蓝色分散染料，800转/分搅拌均匀后制成分散染料少水洗印花色浆；
S2、印花，将S1中配置好的分散染料少水洗印花色浆采用平网、圆网或手工印花的方法在坯布表面进行印花，得到印花布样；
S3、烘干，将S2中得到的印花布样放置于100-120℃条件下烘干3-5分钟；
S4、高温发色，将S3中烘干后的印花布样在180-200℃的高温条件下发色3-8分钟，自然冷却后，得到印花织物。
其中，蓝色分散染料为常规织物热熔印花所用中温型分散染料或高温型分散染料，使用前充分去除了添加剂和杂质。
本实施例得到的免水洗印花织物干摩擦牢度能达到4级以上，湿摩擦牢度能达到3级以上，水洗牢度能达到4级以上。
实施例2
本实施例公开了一种黑色分散染料免水洗的印花方法，具体包括以下步骤：
S1、配置分散染料少水洗印花色浆，将5.0g丙烯酸类增稠剂加入80.8g水中，在800转/分的转速下充分搅拌均匀成糊后，加入5.0g水性聚氨酯乳液，0.2g封闭型异氰酸酯交联剂，1.0g氨基改性硅油柔软剂，1.5g硫酸羟胺，0.5g蓖麻油，1.0g棕榈油，800转/分的转速下搅拌均匀后，加入5g黑色分散染料，800转/分搅拌均匀后制成分散染料少水洗印花色浆；
S2、印花，将S1中配置好的分散染料少水洗印花色浆采用平网、圆网或手工印花的方法在坯布表面进行印花，得到印花布样；
S3、烘干，将S2中得到的印花布样放置于100-120℃条件下烘干3-5分钟；
S4、高温发色，将S3中烘干后的印花布样在180-200℃的高温条件下发色3-8分钟，自然冷却后，用常温水洗涤一次得到印花织物。
其中，黑色分散染料为常规织物热熔印花所用中温型分散染料或高温型分散染料，使用前充分去除了添加剂和杂质。
本实施例得到的少水洗印花织物干摩擦牢度能达到4级以上，湿摩擦牢度能达到3.5级以上，水洗牢度能达到4级以上。
实施例3
本实施例公开了一种橙色分散染料免水洗的印花方法，具体包括以下步骤：
S1、配置分散染料少水洗印花色浆，将2.0g丙烯酸类增稠剂加入92.1g水中，在800转/分的转速下充分搅拌均匀成糊后，加入2.0g水性聚氨酯乳液，0.1g封闭型异氰酸酯交联剂，0.5g氨基改性硅油柔软剂，2g硫酸羟胺，0.2g蓖麻油，0.1g花生油，800转/分的转速下搅拌均匀后，加入1g橙色分散染料，800转/分搅拌均匀后制成分散染料少水洗印花色浆；
S2、印花，将S1中配置好的分散染料少水洗印花色浆采用平网、圆网或手工印花的方法在坯布表面进行印花，得到印花布样；
S3、烘干，将S2中得到的印花布样放置于100-120℃条件下烘干3-5分钟；
S4、高温发色，将S3中烘干后的印花布样在180-200℃的高温条件下发色3-8分钟，自然冷却后，得到印花织物。
其中，橙色分散染料为常规织物热熔印花所用中温型分散染料或高温型分散染料，使用前充分去除了添加剂和杂质。
本实施例得到的免水洗印花织物干摩擦牢度能达到4级以上，湿摩擦牢度能达到3级以上，水洗牢度能达到4级以上。
实施例4
本实施例公开了一种红色分散染料免水洗的印花方法，具体包括以下步骤：
S1、配置分散染料少水洗印花色浆，将5.0g丙烯酸类增稠剂加入80.8g水中，在1000转/分的转速下充分搅拌均匀成糊后，加入5.0g水性丙烯酸酯乳液，0.5g封闭型异氰酸酯交联剂，2.0g氨基改性硅油柔软剂，8.0g三乙醇胺，1.0g茶籽油，2.0g芝麻油，1000转/分的转速下搅拌均匀后，加入10g橙色分散染料，1000转/分搅拌均匀后制成分散染料少水洗印花色浆；
S2、印花，将S1中配置好的分散染料少水洗印花色浆采用平网、圆网或手工印花的方法在坯布表面进行印花，得到印花布样；
S3、烘干，将S2中得到的印花布样放置于100-120℃条件下烘干3-5分钟；
S4、高温发色，将S3中烘干后的印花布样在180-200℃的高温条件下发色3-8分钟，自然冷却后，用常温水洗涤一次得到印花织物。
其中，红色分散染料为常规织物热熔印花所用中温型分散染料或高温型分散染料，使用前充分去除了添加剂和杂质。
本实施例得到的少水洗印花织物干摩擦牢度能达到4级以上，湿摩擦牢度能达到3.5级以上，水洗牢度能达到4级以上。
对比例1
将实施例1中的分散染料少水洗印花色浆换成市售的商品分散染料，分散染料的用量与分散染料少水洗印花色浆中的染料用量一致，其他工序与实施例1均相同(印花后不进行水洗、还原清洗、水洗等工序)；通过此方法得到的印花织物干摩擦牢度能达到3级，湿摩擦牢度能达到2级，水洗牢度能达到2-3级。
通过对比例1与实施例1的对比可知，采用本发明的分散染料少水洗印花色浆能够在免洗或者常温水洗一次的情况下，提高分散染料与织物纤维的亲和力从而增加染色深度，减少染料用量，进一步提高产品牢度。
以上内容仅仅是对本发明构思所作的举例和说明，所属本技术领域的技术人员对所描述的具体实施例做各种各样的修改或补充或采用类似的方式替代，只要不偏离发明的构思或者超越本权利要求书所定义的范围，均应属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (8)
1.一种免水洗或少水洗的印花方法，其特征在于：具体包括以下步骤：
S1、配置分散染料少水洗印花色浆，按照以下重量百分比配置分散染料少水洗印花色浆：分散染料1-10％、增稠剂2-5％、柔软剂0.5-2％、聚合物乳液2-5％、固色交联剂0.1-0.5％、增深剂2-8％、植物油0.3-3％，余量为去离子水；
S2、印花，将S1中配置好的分散染料少水洗印花色浆采用平网、圆网或手工印花的方法在坯布表面进行印花，得到印花布样；
S3、烘干，将S2中得到的印花布样放置于100-120℃条件下烘干3-5分钟；
S4、高温发色，将S3中烘干后的印花布样在180-200℃的高温条件下发色3-8分钟，自然冷却后，得到印花织物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种免水洗或少水洗的印花方法，其特征在于：所述S4中高温发色后可根据色牢度和手感要求，用常温水洗涤印花织物一次。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种免水洗或少水洗的印花方法，其特征在于：所述分散染料为常规织物热熔印花所用中温型分散染料或高温型分散染料，使用前充分去除了添加剂和杂质。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种免水洗或少水洗的印花方法，其特征在于：所述增稠剂为丙烯酸类分散增稠剂；所述柔软剂采用有机硅类柔软剂；所述聚合物乳液为水性聚氨酯乳液或水性丙烯酸酯乳液；所述交联剂为封闭性异氰酸酯。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种免水洗或少水洗的印花方法，其特征在于：所述增深剂采用尿素、硫酸羟胺、聚丙烯酰胺、乙二胺，三乙醇胺中的一种或多种的组合物。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种免水洗或少水洗的印花方法，其特征在于：所述植物油为花生油、豆油、亚麻籽油、蓖麻油、菜籽油、桐油、玉米油、橄榄油、茶籽油、葵花籽油、芝麻油、棕榈油、稻米油、火麻油、棉籽油中的一种或多种。
7.据权利要求1-6任一项所述的一种免水洗或少水洗的印花方法，其特征在于：所述S1中所述分散染料少水洗印花色浆的制备方法如下：
按上述配比在去离子水中加入增稠剂，充分搅拌成均匀糊状后，分别加入按配比量的柔软剂、增深剂、聚合物乳液、固色交联剂、植物油后搅拌1-3分钟，搅拌均匀后再加入分散染料，搅拌均匀后制成分散染料少水洗印花色浆。
8.据权利要求7所述的一种免水洗或少水洗的印花方法，其特征在于：所述分散染料少水洗印花色浆的制备过程中搅拌速率为800-1000r/min。
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