CN107258301A - A kind of asexual propagation method of feeding Job's tears - Google Patents
A kind of asexual propagation method of feeding Job's tears Download PDFInfo
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- CN107258301A CN107258301A CN201710623455.2A CN201710623455A CN107258301A CN 107258301 A CN107258301 A CN 107258301A CN 201710623455 A CN201710623455 A CN 201710623455A CN 107258301 A CN107258301 A CN 107258301A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of asexual propagation method of feeding Job's tears.This method is that cuttage expansion is numerous, is comprised the following steps：Take feeding Job's tears stem to start the Post flowering plant of 5 10 days, using at least one section of the stem aerial part Section 1 into Section 15 as seedling stem, cut off at the 1/3 of every internode, by 2 4cm in section insertion soil.It is demonstrated experimentally that using the big Black Hills Job's tears of method cuttage provided by the present invention, the survival rate of 20 days reaches as high as 91.3% after its cuttage.The present invention will have important value for accelerating feeding Job's tears to be particularly popularization and application of the big Black Hills Job's tears in production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant reproduction, it is related to a kind of asexual propagation method of feeding Job's tears.
Background technology
Job's tears (Coix Lacryma-jobi L.) is grass family Coix in Plant Taxonomy, also known as careless pearl, river
Paddy, Semen Coicis, maize, jobstears, myotonin etc., originate in China and the band of Southeast Asia one, Chinese at least 6000~10000 years
Cultivation domestication history.Traditional Land use systems of Job's tears be as health food and medicinal plant,《Compendium of Materia Medica》With《Book on Chinese herbal medicine warp
Dredge》Etc. there is record that the diseases such as eczema, rheumatic arthritis, flat wart are treated with Job's tears in medical science masterpiece.In recent years, Ren Mencong
The coix seed oil and coixenolide extracted in Job's tears, for treating cancer.
Coix is nearer with Zea affiliation where cultivated maize, is cross pollinated plant, according to seed shape
State can simply be divided into cultigen and wild species, wherein cultivation Job's tears is mainly used to process myotonin, wild Job's tears is using relatively
It is few.Cultigen is generally life in 1 year, preferably regional in light and heat condition, cradles rear renewable, but reproducibility is poor；Wild species is for many years
It is raw, cradle rear renewable, or spring in next year produces new tiller from base portion after winter.Yunnan Province of China, Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangxi
Etc. ground, be one of area of origin of Job's tears, wild Job's tears resource very abundant is often distributed in river bank, the side of a pond, marshland, do not opened up wasteland
, there is abundant form and hereditary variation, with excellent moisture-proof and disease resistance in the soughs such as wasteland.Under nature,
Wild Job's tears is bred by seed and rhizome two ways, and Job's tears is the plant of carbon 4, possesses the Basic of Biology of high yield, is divided mostly
Tiller is vigorous, and plant is tall and big, and cauline leaf is in great numbers, in the ground peasant such as Guangxi, Yunnan and Hunan, many to assign local wild Job's tears as excellent raise
Grass is directly utilized.In addition, in minority areas such as Liuzhou, In Xishuangbanna of Yunnan, still there is the wild heart of a lotus seed of harvesting so far
Job's tears seed, root, stem etc. but have no the research using the wild new herbage of Job's tears seed selection as the custom of Chinese medicine.
Big Black Hills Job's tears is corn research institute of Sichuan Agricultural University, the perennial feeding type of seed selection from wild Job's tears
Job's tears, is authorized in December, 2016 by grass product kind validation board of Sichuan Province, is first feeding type Job's tears of China's authorization,
With yield is high, quality is excellent, resistance to extensive and perennial advantage.At present Sichuan, Ziyang, Meishan, Guangyuan, then
Rather, 5 province (city) large area such as 10 ground (city) such as Nanchong, Mianyang and Jinghong In Yunnan Province, changde, hunan, enshi and Chongqing
Plantation.Big Black Hills Job's tears, well developed root system, seedling stem is sturdy, and nutrient growth is flourishing, and in Sichuan province, Clipped plant height is not reachable
4.5m, you can by seed generative propagation, cuttage vegetative propagation can be passed through again.Big Black Hills coix seed is smaller, passes through seed kind
The Early seedling stage of plant is often slow-growing, and its forage grass production performance is had influence on to a certain extent, and asexual seedling is with larger
Seedling stem, early growth is fast, and cuttage is influenceed also smaller by season, vegetative propagation operated in production it is also more convenient,
Therefore the asexual propagation method of big Black Hills Job's tears is studied, to accelerate its popularization and application in production to have important valency
Value.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of asexual propagation method of feeding Job's tears.
The asexual propagation method of feeding Job's tears provided by the present invention, is that cuttage expansion is numerous, specifically may include following steps：Take
Feeding Job's tears stem starts the Post flowering plant of the 5-10 days, with least one section of the stem aerial part Section 1 into Section 15
As seedling stem, cut off at the 1/3 of every internode, by 2-4cm in section insertion soil.
In the process, the developmental stage of seedling stem used in cuttage is preferably that stem starts Post flowering 10 days.Used in cuttage
Seedling stem is preferably stem aerial part Section 8.
In the process, the declinate cutting at the 1/3 of every internode is cut at be set forth in every internode 1/3.
In the process, it is also dilute including the seedling stem cut is placed in before the seedling stem cuttage cut is buried
Release the step of being soaked 3-5 minutes in 1000 times " strongly taking root No. A " solution.
In one embodiment of the invention, described " strongly taking root No. A " is specially that Ke Hai federal biotechnologies in Shandong have
Limit Products.
In the process, inserted when the seedling stem cuttage is buried for oblique 45° angle.Buried by the seedling stem cuttage
When seeding row spacing be 10cm.
In the process, the step of also including pouring permeable after the seedling stem cuttage is buried, and covered with sunshade net.
Methods described, is additionally included in being watered every 3-5 days once after the seedling stem cuttage is buried, to keep field to hold
The step of water is 75%.
In one embodiment of the invention, the feeding Job's tears is specially big Black Hills Job's tears.
It is demonstrated experimentally that using the big Black Hills Job's tears of method cuttage provided by the present invention, after its cuttage, the survival rate of 20 days is most
It is high by reachable 91.3%.The present invention will have weight for accelerating feeding Job's tears to be particularly popularization and application of the big Black Hills Job's tears in production
It is worth
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is to expand numerous big Black Hills coix plant for cuttage.64 tillers of this individual plant, average 21 sections of each tiller,
Utilize ground Section 1 to the 15th section cuttage.The density technology in 450 plants/acre of field is produced according to 85% cuttage survival rate and forage grass,
This individual plant expands numerous seedling by cuttage, can plant (64 × 15 × 85%)/450=1.8 mus.
Fig. 2 is the cut-out of cuttage seedling stem.
Fig. 3 is cuttage, watered and sunshade.
Fig. 4 survives for cuttage seeding.A is the growing way of 12d after cuttage；B is the growing way of 22d after cuttage.
Fig. 5 is cuttage transplantation of seedlings.
Embodiment
Experimental method used in following embodiments is conventional method unless otherwise specified.
Material, reagent used etc., unless otherwise specified, are commercially obtained in following embodiments.
Strength is taken root No. A：Shandong Ke Hai federations bio tech ltd's product.The reagent is liquid, 1000 times of strengths
Take root the preparation of A solution：The 1ml reagents are diluted to 1000ml with running water.
Big Black Hills Job's tears：It is recorded in " Chinese animal and veterinary report on January 8th, 2017；Sichuan Rural Areas daily paper January 12 in 2017
Day；The such as Shandong Yuan Yuan, Tian Gang, Yu Bing dry assessment of nutritional value Practaculture Science of the big Black Hills Job's tears complete stool on growth meat rabbit,
2017,34(5):1100-1106 ", the public can obtain at applicant, can only be used to repetition present invention experiment and use.
The optimization of embodiment 1, the asexual propagation method of feeding Job's tears
First, influence of the cuttage depth to cuttage survival rate；
It is to have on each section in development just that feeding Job's tears can expand the basic foundation of numerous one by cuttage mode
The axillary bud of phase, with having adventitious root primordia on the time.Under suitable conditions, axillary bud can be developed for new plant, adventitious root primordia
Develop for ripe adventitious root, the growth of completion plant under ground portion.Before development is ripe adventitious root, the growth of axillary bud
It it is the heterotrophism stage by the nutrition stored in seedling stem；After adventitious root buries, Root Absorption nutrition can be relied on, now blade
Start to be provided with stronger photosynthesis, plant enters the autotrophy stage.If seedling stem is before autotrophy is entered, adventitious root still can not
The function of bringing into normal play, seedling stem storage nutrient consumption totally after, the seedling stem of cuttage can not then be survived.One important original of cuttage
It is then to allow seedling stem to enter autotrophy stage, therefore quality and the morning and evening for function of bringing into normal play of indefinite root development by the heterotrophism stage as early as possible
Into a key factor of restriction cuttage survival rate, and an important factor in order of indefinite root development quality is that cuttage is deep
Degree.Therefore, our relations to cuttage depth and survival rate are studied.
Concrete operations are as follows：Big Black Hills Job's tears (Fig. 1) chooses stem and starts to bloom after 10d aerial part Section 1 to the 10th
The seedling stem of section, at the 1/3 of each internode top, is sideling cut off (Fig. 2) with scraper, in oblique 45° angle insertion mollisol.During cuttage
Seeding row spacing be 10cm, height of the internode apart from ground is respectively 4cm, 2cm, 0cm, and in underground 2cm, 4cm, 6cm and
8cm, is expressed as -4, -2,0 ,+2 ,+4 ,+6 ,+8 in table 1.Pour permeable after cuttage, sunshade (Fig. 3).Depending on weather conditions and
Seedbed dry and wet, in after the 3d of cuttage, is maintained at 75% or so by field capacity and is defined every 3d water sprays once；And in skewer
5d, 10d, 15d, 20d investigation cuttage survival rate, 3 fully expanded leaves are grown to survive (Fig. 4) using axillary bud after inserting.Test and be
Randomized complete-block design, is each processed as 3 repetitions, is each repeated as 200 seedling stems.
As a result it is as shown in table 1.From the point of view of the relation of the cuttage depth of table 1 and survival rate, there is following rule, 1) cuttage depth is
During+2cm, other cuttage depth are above in 5d, 10d, 15d and 20d survival rate, such as 20d survival rate is 57.3%, and
Survival rate when depth is+4cm and when depth is 0cm is only 40.2% and 23.3%；2) embedded depth in cuttage section be shallower than+
During 2cm (0cm, -2cm, -4cm), cuttage is more shallow, and survival rate is lower, and survival rate when cuttage depth is -4cm is minimum.Cuttage is excessively shallow
When, seedling is exposed in atmosphere, and now seedlings root is not yet developed, it is easy to cause water shortage, because arid dead；3) it is deep in cuttage
When degree is deeper than 2cm (+4cm ,+6cm ,+8cm), cuttage about plutonic motility rate is lower, and survival rate is minimum when cuttage depth is+8cm
22%.When cuttage is too deep, come up the soil resistance increase being subject to, and speed of emergence slows down, if seedling is buried in soil
Between it is long, run out of seedling stem storage nutriment after, can not still be unearthed, seedling can be made to be addled because of anoxic.We are afterwards
Experiment in, use cuttage depth to be studied for+2cm.
Influence of the feeding Job's tears cuttage depth of table 1 to survival rate
2nd, influence of the developmental stage to cuttage survival rate
The vegetative reproduction stage of feeding Job's tears seedling stem before flowering, that often develops relatively early, the nutrients stored in stalk
Matter is less；The nutriment stored in florescence is most；The nutriment that Post flowering enters in reproductive growth, seedling stem is gradually to kind
Shifted in son.Cuttage seeding is before autophyting growth is entered, all by the nutriment stored in seedling stem, therefore is stored in seedling stem
The number of nutriment is most important with cuttage survival rate.We are ground the cuttage survival rate to different development stage seedling stem
Study carefully.
Concrete operations are as follows：Big Black Hills Job's tears chooses florescence, bloom before 5d, 10d and Post flowering 5d, 10d, 15d plant
(being denoted as 0, -5, -10 ,+5 ,+10 ,+15) stem aerial part Section 1 to Section 10 seedling stem, in each internode top
At 1/3, sideling cut off with scraper, in oblique 45° angle insertion mollisol.Seeding row spacing during cuttage is 10cm, and cuttage depth is
Pour permeable after 2cm, cuttage, sunshade.Depending on weather conditions and seedbed dry and wet, it can be sprayed water once every 3d in after the 3d of cuttage, with
Field capacity is maintained at 75% or so and is defined；And cuttage survival rate is investigated in 5d, 10d, 15d, 20d after cuttage, with axillary bud
3 fully expanded leaves are grown to survive.Test as randomized complete-block design, be each processed as 3 repetitions, be each repeated as
200 seedling stems.
As a result it is as shown in table 2.From table 2 it can be seen that cuttage too early or can all have influence on cuttage survival rate too late.Bloom
The cuttage survival rate highest of 10d seedling stems afterwards, 20d survival rate is 55.5%, the skewer of remaining developmental stage seedling stem after cuttage
The seedling stem that motility rate is below Post flowering 10d is inserted into, this reaches that maximum and axillary bud are sent out with the nutrition stored in now seedling stem
It is relevant that the size educated just is beneficial to cuttage.
Influence * of the feeding Job's tears developmental stage of table 2 to cuttage survival rate
3rd, strongly take root No. A influence to cuttage survival rate
Some bioactive substances, such as gibberellin, heteroauxin, methyl α-naphthyl acetate can promote sprouting for cell division and root system
Hair, tends to improve the survival rate of cuttage after spraying.Therefore, we bring back to life enzyme, bud fission from containing the basic element of cell division, DNA
" strongly taking root No. A " of a variety of artificial chemistry plant modifying agents such as agent, take immersion seedling stem method, have studied its to cuttage into
The influence of motility rate.
Concrete operations are as follows：Big Black Hills Job's tears chooses stem and starts Post flowering 10d, stem aerial part Section 1 to the 10th
The seedling stem of section, at the 1/3 of each internode top, is sideling cut off with scraper, and every section is taken root A solution in 1000 times of strengths
In, soak 3-5 minutes or do not soak cuttage, in the oblique 45° angle insertion mollisol of cuttage.Seeding row spacing during cuttage is
10cm, cuttage depth is 2cm, pours permeable after cuttage, sunshade., can be in after the 3d of cuttage, often depending on weather conditions and seedbed dry and wet
Every 3d water sprays once, it is maintained at 75% or so by field capacity and is defined；And investigate skewer in 5d, 10d, 15d, 20d after cuttage
Motility rate is inserted into, 3 fully expanded leaves are grown to survive using axillary bud.Test as randomized complete-block design, be each processed as 3 weights
It is multiple, each it is repeated as 200 seedling stems.
As a result it is as shown in table 3.From table 3 it can be seen that being taken root using strength after No. A, the skewer of Job's tears seedling stem is greatly improved
It is inserted into motility rate.Compared with not applying, after 5d, 10d, 15d, 20d cuttage survival rate can be respectively increased 1.7%,
12.5%th, 19.9% and 33.4%.The highest survival rate of cuttage is up to 87.4%.In addition, according to preliminary observation, using strength
The plant root after No. A of taking root is more, it is more sturdy to grow, and this may take root No. A with power contains a variety of growth regulatory substances, energy
The resistance for improving plant is relevant.
The strength of table 3 is taken root No. A influence to feeding Job's tears cuttage survival rate
4th, influence of the Different node seedling stem to cuttage survival rate
The developmental stage and profile of seedling stem are often different on the same branch Different node of Job's tears, close to above ground portion seedling stem armpit
Bud germination is early, seedling stem tubbiness, and top seedling stem axillary bud development is slow, seedling stem is elongated, and this can all have influence on the development of axillary bud after cuttage
Speed, and then have influence on cuttage survival rate.The section of feeding each branch of Job's tears in big Black Hills is more, typically more than 22, many persons
Up to 27.We are carried out to big Black Hills Job's tears from Section 1 close to ground to the cuttage survival rate of the 22nd section of overground part
Compare.
Concrete operations are as follows：Big Black Hills Job's tears chooses stem and starts Post flowering 10d, stem aerial part Section 1 to the 22nd
The seedling stem of section, at the 1/3 of each internode top, is sideling cut off with scraper, and every section is taken root A solution in 1000 times of strengths
In, soak 3-5 minutes, in the oblique 45° angle insertion mollisol of cuttage.Seeding row spacing during cuttage is 10cm, and cuttage depth is 2cm,
Permeable, sunshade is poured after cuttage., can be in after the 3d of cuttage, with field depending on weather conditions and seedbed dry and wet every 3d water sprays once
Water-holding capacity is maintained at 75% or so and is defined；And cuttage survival rate is investigated in 5d, 10d, 15d, 20d after cuttage, grow 3 with axillary bud
Piece fully expanded leaves can be transplanted (Fig. 5) to survive after surviving.Test as randomized complete-block design, be each processed as 3
Repeat, be each repeated as 200 seedling stems.
As a result it is as shown in table 4.From table 4, it can be seen that after cuttage 20d Section 1 to the survival rate of Section 15 up to 80%
More than, wherein Section 8 highest, up to 91.3%；Since Section 16, section position is higher, and survival rate is lower, and Section 22 of survival rate is most
It is low, only 8.7%.Therefore, in production practices, in order to improve cuttage survival rate, it should try one's best from Section 15 and following section
Cuttage.
Influence of the feeding Job's tears Different node seedling stem of table 4 to cuttage survival rate
Claims (10)
1. a kind of asexual propagation method of feeding Job's tears, is that cuttage expansion is numerous, comprises the following steps：Feeding Job's tears stem is taken to start out
The plant for spending latter 5-10 days, using at least one section of the stem aerial part Section 1 into Section 15 as seedling stem, in the 1/ of every internode
Cut off at 3, by 2-4cm in section insertion soil.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In methods described, the developmental stage of seedling stem used in cuttage is
Stem starts Post flowering 10 days.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：In methods described, seedling stem used in cuttage is stem ground
Part Section 8.
4. according to any described method in claim 1-3, it is characterised in that：Be cut at be set forth in every internode 1/3 in
Declinate cutting at the 1/3 of every internode.
5. according to any described method in claim 1-4, it is characterised in that：Before the seedling stem cuttage cut is buried
Also include the seedling stem cut being placed in the step of soaking 3-5 minutes in " the A solution of strongly taking root " of 1000 times of dilution.
6. according to any described method in claim 1-5, it is characterised in that：It is oblique when the seedling stem cuttage is buried
45° angle is inserted.
7. according to any described method in claim 1-6, it is characterised in that：Plant when the seedling stem cuttage is buried
Away from being 10cm.
8. according to any described method in claim 1-7, it is characterised in that：Also include after the seedling stem cuttage is buried
The step of pouring permeable, and covered with sunshade net.
9. according to any described method in claim 1-8, it is characterised in that：Methods described, is additionally included in the seedling stem
Cuttage was watered once after burying every 3-5 days, to keep the step of field capacity is 75%.
10. according to any described method in claim 1-9, it is characterised in that：The feeding Job's tears is big Black Hills Job's tears.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107896972A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-04-13 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of method by the perennial feeding Job's tears of distant hybridization selection and breeding |
| CN109169280A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-01-11 | 四川农业大学 | The preparation method and used medium of coix lacryma-jobi regeneration plant |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107896972A (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2018-04-13 | 四川农业大学 | A kind of method by the perennial feeding Job's tears of distant hybridization selection and breeding |
| CN107896972B (en) * | 2017-11-09 | 2019-12-31 | 四川农业大学 | Method for breeding perennial feeding coix seeds by distant hybridization |
| CN109169280A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2019-01-11 | 四川农业大学 | The preparation method and used medium of coix lacryma-jobi regeneration plant |
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