CN107242210B - Breeding method for preventing and controlling diseases of ricinus communis silkworms - Google Patents
Breeding method for preventing and controlling diseases of ricinus communis silkworms Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
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- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 240000000528 Ricinus communis Species 0.000 title claims description 15
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000002354 daily effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
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- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/04—Silkworms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/90—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for insects, e.g. bees or silkworms
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of silkworm breeding, and particularly relates to a breeding method for preventing and controlling castor silkworm diseases, which comprises the following steps: (1) selecting and processing the newly-hatched silkworms; (2) feeding daily; (3) light supplementing and illumination processing; before feeding, tea seed meal solution is used for infiltration, so that harmful bacteria carried by the newly-hatched silkworms can be effectively killed, and the mosquito resistance of the skin of the newly-hatched silkworms can be enhanced; the nutrient solution is sprayed on the castor leaves every day, so that the disease resistance can be effectively enhanced, the growth and development are good, the morbidity is low, the food taking rate is high, the breeding of harmful bacteria around the castor leaves is effectively inhibited, the castor leaves are fresh for a long time and do not wither, and the fresh air in a silkworm room is kept to have the fragrance of the castor leaves; the light supplementing treatment is carried out every day, so that the rapid synthesis of protein is promoted, the silkworm body is firm and elastic, the rapid molting is promoted, the culture period is effectively shortened, and the yield and the quality of the silk are effectively guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of silkworm breeding, and particularly relates to a breeding method for preventing and controlling castor silkworm diseases.
Background
The castor silkworm is also called Indian silkworm and cassava silkworm, is a variety of silkworm, is originally wild silkworm growing in the field, eats castor leaves and cassava leaves, and is polyphagia silkworm with strong adaptability, such as Chinese gooseberry leaves, ailanthus leaves, Chinese pine leaves and Chinese juniper leaves; currently, the plants grow in the wild and are artificially bred indoors; however, the existing silkworm breeding technology has long breeding period and high morbidity, silkworm diseases seriously endanger the yield and the quality of silkworm cocoons, and the economic benefit of silkworm raisers is greatly reduced; therefore, the development of the technical field of silkworm breeding by the breeding method capable of effectively preventing and treating the diseases of the ricinus communis silkworms has great significance.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a breeding method for preventing and controlling the diseases of the ricinus communis.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a breeding method for preventing and controlling diseases of ricinus communis silkworms comprises the following specific steps:
(1) selection and treatment of silkworm
Selecting healthy newly-hatched silkworms with vigorous life activity, soaking the newly-hatched silkworms in the tea seed meal solution for 3-4 min, taking out the filtrate, and feeding the newly-hatched silkworms;
(2) daily feeding
Placing castor leaves in a bamboo basket with non-woven fabrics laid at the bottom in a non-overlapping manner, timely supplementing the castor leaves, and spraying the castor leaves with nutrient solution once a day;
the nutrient solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 23-25 parts of carrot, 11-12 parts of fresh purple sweet potato leaves, 13-14 parts of fresh beet leaves, 1.3-1.5 parts of fresh peach leaves, 2.5-2.7 parts of lemon and 95-100 parts of water;
(3) fill light illumination processing
The light treatment is carried out by green light with the illumination intensity of 890-900 Lx at a ratio of 1: 10-5: 40, orange light with the illumination intensity of 960-970 Lx at a ratio of 19: 20-22: 10, and blue light with the illumination intensity of 820-830 Lx at a ratio of 22: 20-23: 40 every day.
As a further scheme of the invention: the tea seed meal solution is prepared by the following steps: crushing 12-13 parts by weight of tea seed meal, adding 7-8 parts by weight of 56-58% ethanol solution, mixing and stirring uniformly, placing the mixture at the temperature of 42-44 ℃ for 8-9 hours, putting the mixture into 270-280 parts by weight of water, boiling the mixture with strong fire, decocting the mixture with slow fire for 38-40 min, filtering the mixture through 80-90-mesh filter cloth, taking filtrate, and naturally cooling the filtrate at room temperature.
As a further scheme of the invention: the nutrient solution is prepared by the following steps: cleaning carrot and lemon, mixing and crushing to obtain carrot lemon pulp; cleaning fresh purple sweet potato leaves, fresh beet leaves and fresh peach leaves, putting the purple sweet potato leaves, the fresh beet leaves and the fresh peach leaves into steam at the temperature of 230-235 ℃ for 14-16 min, taking out the purple sweet potato leaves, putting the purple sweet potato leaves, boiling the purple sweet potato leaves, adding carrot and lemon pulp, mixing and stirring the mixture uniformly, continuing to boil the mixture with slow fire for 25-27 min, naturally cooling the mixture at room temperature, extruding the mixture through a filter cloth of 40-50 meshes, and taking the extruded juice to obtain the nutrient solution.
As a further scheme of the invention: the castor leaves are treated as follows before being placed in a bamboo basket: soaking the picked fresh castor leaves in 6-7% of salt water for 40-45 min, taking out, washing with clear water, placing under the condition of 0.4-0.5 MPa for 18-20 min, and taking out to obtain the castor leaves.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the breeding method for preventing and treating the diseases of the ricinus communis, before breeding, tea seed meal solution is used for infiltration, so that harmful bacteria carried by the ant silkworms are effectively killed, and the mosquito resistance of the skin of the ant silkworms is enhanced; the nutrient solution is sprayed on the castor leaves every day, so that the disease resistance can be effectively enhanced, the growth and development are good, the morbidity is low, the food taking rate is high, the breeding of harmful bacteria around the castor leaves is effectively inhibited, the castor leaves are fresh for a long time and do not wither, and the fresh air in a silkworm room is kept to have the fragrance of the castor leaves; the light supplementing treatment is carried out every day, so that the rapid synthesis of protein is promoted, the silkworm body is firm and elastic, the rapid molting is promoted, the culture period is effectively shortened, and the yield and the quality of the silk are effectively guaranteed.
Detailed Description
The invention is illustrated by the following specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
Example 1
In the embodiment of the invention, a breeding method for preventing and treating diseases of ricinus communis, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) selection and treatment of silkworm
Selecting healthy newly-hatched silkworms with vigorous life, soaking in the tea seed meal solution for 3min, taking out the filtrate, and feeding;
(2) daily feeding
Placing castor leaves in a bamboo basket with non-woven fabrics laid at the bottom in a non-overlapping manner, timely supplementing the castor leaves, and spraying the castor leaves with nutrient solution once a day;
the nutrient solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 23 parts of carrot, 11 parts of fresh purple sweet potato leaves, 13 parts of fresh beet leaves, 1.3 parts of fresh peach leaves, 2.5 parts of lemon and 95 parts of water;
(3) fill light illumination processing
The light treatment is carried out by green light with the illumination intensity of 890Lx at a ratio of 1:10 to 5:40, orange light with the illumination intensity of 960Lx at a ratio of 19:20 to 22:10, and blue light with the illumination intensity of 820Lx at a ratio of 22:20 to 23:40 every day.
As a further scheme of the invention: the tea seed meal solution is prepared by the following steps: crushing 12 parts by weight of tea seed meal, adding 7 parts by weight of 56% ethanol solution, mixing and stirring uniformly, placing the mixture at the temperature of 42-44 ℃ for 8 hours, putting the mixture into 270 parts by weight of water, boiling the mixture with strong fire, decocting the mixture with slow fire for 38 minutes, filtering the mixture through 80-mesh filter cloth, taking filtrate, and naturally cooling the filtrate at room temperature.
As a further scheme of the invention: the nutrient solution is prepared by the following steps: cleaning carrot and lemon, mixing and crushing to obtain carrot lemon pulp; cleaning fresh purple sweet potato leaves, fresh beet leaves and fresh peach leaves, putting into steam at 230 ℃ for 14min, taking out, putting into water, boiling with strong fire, adding carrot and lemon pulp, mixing, stirring, decocting with slow fire for 25min, naturally cooling at room temperature, squeezing through 40-mesh filter cloth, and collecting squeezed juice to obtain the nutrient solution.
As a further scheme of the invention: the castor leaves are treated as follows before being placed in a bamboo basket: soaking the picked fresh castor leaves in salt water with the mass fraction of 6% for 40-45 min, taking out, washing with clear water, placing under the condition of 0.4MPa for constant-pressure treatment for 18min, and taking out to obtain the castor leaves.
Example 2
In the embodiment of the invention, a breeding method for preventing and treating diseases of ricinus communis, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) selection and treatment of silkworm
Selecting healthy newly-hatched silkworms with vigorous life, soaking in the tea seed meal solution for 3.5min, taking out the filtrate, and feeding;
(2) daily feeding
Placing castor leaves in a bamboo basket with non-woven fabrics laid at the bottom in a non-overlapping manner, timely supplementing the castor leaves, and spraying the castor leaves with nutrient solution once a day;
the nutrient solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 24 parts of carrot, 11.5 parts of fresh purple sweet potato leaves, 13.5 parts of fresh beet leaves, 1.4 parts of fresh peach leaves, 2.6 parts of lemon and 98 parts of water;
(3) fill light illumination processing
The light intensity of the green light is 895Lx at a ratio of 1: 10-5: 40, the light intensity of the orange light is 965Lx at a ratio of 19: 20-22: 10, and the light intensity of the blue light is 825Lx at a ratio of 22: 20-23: 40.
As a further scheme of the invention: the tea seed meal solution is prepared by the following steps: crushing 12.5 parts by weight of tea seed meal, adding 7.5 parts by weight of 57% ethanol solution, mixing and stirring uniformly, placing at 43 ℃ for 8.5h, adding 275 parts by weight of water, boiling with strong fire, decocting with slow fire for 39min, filtering with 85-mesh filter cloth, taking filtrate, and naturally cooling at room temperature.
As a further scheme of the invention: the nutrient solution is prepared by the following steps: cleaning carrot and lemon, mixing and crushing to obtain carrot lemon pulp; cleaning fresh purple sweet potato leaves, fresh beet leaves and fresh peach leaves, putting into steam at 233 deg.C for 15min, taking out, boiling in water with strong fire, adding carrot and lemon pulp, mixing, stirring, decocting with slow fire for 26min, naturally cooling at room temperature, squeezing with 45 mesh filter cloth, and collecting squeezed juice to obtain the nutritional liquid.
As a further scheme of the invention: the castor leaves are treated as follows before being placed in a bamboo basket: soaking the picked fresh castor leaves in 6.5 wt% of salt water for 43min, taking out, washing with clear water, treating at constant pressure of 0.45MPa for 19min, and taking out to obtain the castor leaves.
Example 3
In the embodiment of the invention, a breeding method for preventing and treating diseases of ricinus communis, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) selection and treatment of silkworm
Selecting healthy newly-hatched silkworms with vigorous life, soaking in the tea seed meal solution for 4min, taking out the filtrate, and feeding;
(2) daily feeding
Placing castor leaves in a bamboo basket with non-woven fabrics laid at the bottom in a non-overlapping manner, timely supplementing the castor leaves, and spraying the castor leaves with nutrient solution once a day;
the nutrient solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of carrot, 12 parts of fresh purple sweet potato leaves, 14 parts of fresh beet leaves, 1.5 parts of fresh peach leaves, 2.7 parts of lemon and 100 parts of water;
(3) fill light illumination processing
The light intensity of the green light is 900Lx at a ratio of 1:10 to 5:40, the light intensity of the orange light is 970Lx at a ratio of 19:20 to 22:10, and the light intensity of the blue light is 830Lx at a ratio of 22:20 to 23: 40.
As a further scheme of the invention: the tea seed meal solution is prepared by the following steps: crushing 13 parts by weight of tea seed meal, adding 8 parts by weight of 58% ethanol solution, mixing and stirring uniformly, placing at 44 ℃ for 9h, adding into 280 parts by weight of water, boiling with strong fire, decocting with slow fire for 40min, filtering with 90-mesh filter cloth, taking filtrate, and naturally cooling at room temperature.
As a further scheme of the invention: the nutrient solution is prepared by the following steps: cleaning carrot and lemon, mixing and crushing to obtain carrot lemon pulp; cleaning fresh purple sweet potato leaves, fresh beet leaves and fresh peach leaves, putting into steam at 235 ℃ for 16min, taking out, putting into water, boiling with strong fire, adding carrot and lemon pulp, mixing, stirring, decocting with slow fire for 27min, naturally cooling at room temperature, squeezing through 50-mesh filter cloth, and taking the squeezed juice to obtain the nutrient solution.
As a further scheme of the invention: the castor leaves are treated as follows before being placed in a bamboo basket: soaking the picked fresh castor leaves in 7% salt water for 45min, taking out, washing with clear water, treating under constant pressure of 0.5MPa for 20min, and taking out to obtain castor leaves.
Comparative example 1
Breeding method of castor silkworms in prior art
Comparative example 2
A breeding method for preventing and controlling the diseases of the ricinus communis silkworms is different from the breeding method of the embodiment 1 in that tea seed meal solution is not used for infiltration before breeding, and other conditions are the same.
Comparative example 3
The breeding method for preventing and controlling the diseases of the ricinus communis silkworms is different from the breeding method of the embodiment 1 in that the castor leaves are not sprayed with nutrient solution every day, and other conditions are the same.
Comparative example 4
A cultivation method for preventing and controlling the diseases of the ricinus communis silkworms is different from the embodiment 1 in that the supplementary lighting treatment in the step (3) is not carried out, and other conditions are the same.
700 heads of castor silkworms were bred using the breeding method of the example and the breeding method of the comparative example, evenly divided into 7 groups of 100 heads each, and the disease rate, mortality rate and average breeding cycle were counted, with the results as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 comparative results of examples and comparative examples
| Disease Rate (%) | Mortality (%) | Average cultivation period (sky) | |
| Example 1 | 4 | 1 | 16.0 |
| Example 2 | 4 | 0 | 15.8 |
| Example 3 | 3 | 0 | 15.4 |
| Comparative example 1 | 32 | 13 | 26.2 |
| Comparative example 2 | 16 | 6 | 18.3 |
| Comparative example 3 | 18 | 7 | 23.1 |
| Comparative example 4 | 13 | 4 | 22.2 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the breeding method of the invention can effectively reduce the disease rate and mortality of the ricinus communis, and shorten the breeding cycle.
Claims (1)
1. A breeding method for preventing and controlling castor silkworm diseases is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selection and treatment of silkworm
Selecting healthy newly-hatched silkworms with vigorous life activity, soaking the newly-hatched silkworms in the tea seed meal solution for 3-4 min, taking out the filtrate, and feeding the newly-hatched silkworms;
(2) daily feeding
Placing castor leaves in a bamboo basket with non-woven fabrics laid at the bottom in a non-overlapping manner, timely supplementing the castor leaves, and spraying the castor leaves with nutrient solution once a day;
the nutrient solution is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 23-25 parts of carrot, 11-12 parts of fresh purple sweet potato leaves, 13-14 parts of fresh beet leaves, 1.3-1.5 parts of fresh peach leaves, 2.5-2.7 parts of lemon and 95-100 parts of water;
(3) fill light illumination processing
Performing light treatment with green light with the light intensity of 890-900 Lx at a ratio of 1: 10-5: 40, performing light treatment with orange light with the light intensity of 960-970 Lx at a ratio of 19: 20-22: 10, and performing light treatment with blue light with the light intensity of 820-830 Lx at a ratio of 22: 20-23: 40 every day;
the breeding method for preventing and treating the diseases of the ricinus communis, wherein the tea seed meal solution is prepared according to the following steps: crushing 12-13 parts by weight of tea seed meal, adding 7-8 parts by weight of 56-58% ethanol solution, mixing and stirring uniformly, placing the mixture at the temperature of 42-44 ℃ for 8-9 hours, putting the mixture into 270-280 parts by weight of water, boiling the mixture with strong fire, decocting the mixture with slow fire for 38-40 min, filtering the mixture through 80-90-mesh filter cloth, taking filtrate, and naturally cooling the filtrate at room temperature;
the breeding method for preventing and treating the diseases of the ricinus communis, wherein the nutrient solution is prepared according to the following steps: cleaning carrot and lemon, mixing and crushing to obtain carrot lemon pulp; cleaning fresh purple sweet potato leaves, fresh beet leaves and fresh peach leaves, putting the purple sweet potato leaves, the fresh beet leaves and the fresh peach leaves into steam at the temperature of 230-235 ℃ for 14-16 min, taking out the purple sweet potato leaves, putting the purple sweet potato leaves, the fresh beet leaves and the fresh peach leaves into water, boiling the purple sweet potato leaves with strong fire, adding carrot and lemon pulp, mixing and stirring the mixture uniformly, continuously decocting the mixture with slow fire for 25-27 min, naturally cooling the mixture at room temperature, extruding the mixture through a filter cloth of 40-50;
according to the cultivation method for preventing and treating the diseases of the castor silkworms, the castor leaves are treated as follows before being placed in a bamboo basket: soaking the picked fresh castor leaves in 6-7% of salt water for 40-45 min, taking out, washing with clear water, placing under the condition of 0.4-0.5 MPa for 18-20 min, and taking out to obtain the castor leaves.
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2017
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| CN101049099A (en) * | 2006-04-05 | 2007-10-10 | 首都医科大学 | Technique for rearing silkworm by artificial diet inside bioclean isolator |
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| CN102106327A (en) * | 2009-12-23 | 2011-06-29 | 肖珍治 | Method for comprehensively preventing and curing silkworm diseases |
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| CN103503840A (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2014-01-15 | 张跃杰 | Spring silkworm breeding process |
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