CN107241986A - A kind of cultivation method of tomatoes - Google Patents
A kind of cultivation method of tomatoes Download PDFInfo
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- CN107241986A CN107241986A CN201710426739.2A CN201710426739A CN107241986A CN 107241986 A CN107241986 A CN 107241986A CN 201710426739 A CN201710426739 A CN 201710426739A CN 107241986 A CN107241986 A CN 107241986A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K17/00—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials
- C09K17/40—Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2101/00—Agricultural use
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of cultivation method of tomatoes, is related to technical field of vegetable cultivation, cultivation method of tomatoes comprises the following steps：（1）Soil is selected；（2）Variety selection；（3）Bask seeds；（4）Medicament soaked seed；（5）Vernalization is handled；（6）Site preparation；（7）Sowing；（8）Seedling management；（9）Field planting；（10）Field management；（11）Harvesting.The tomato that the present invention solves existing cultivation method of tomatoes cultivation has that the incidence of disease is not low enough, yield is not high enough and quality is imperfect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of vegetable cultivation, and in particular to a kind of cultivation method of tomatoes.
Background technology
Less strict is required to edaphic condition during tomato planting, but to be got bumper crops, promotes root system well to develop, should select
Soil layer is deep, and draining is good, the fertile loam rich in organic matter.Soil acidity or alkalinity is advisable with PH6-7, peracid or the soil for crossing alkali
Earth should be improved.But, the cultivation generally existing of current tomato incidence of disease height, yielded poorly and inferior problem.
A kind of vinyl house cultivation method of tomatoes of Chinese patent literature that on January 6th, 2016 is announced（Authorization Notice No.
CN104115588B）, comprise the following steps：（1）Variety selection；（2）Seed treatment；（3）Site preparation；（4）Field planting in good time；（5）Field
Between manage；（6）Harvesting.
But, the tomato of the tomato in plastic greenhouse cultivation method has that the incidence of disease is not low enough, yield is not high enough and quality
Imperfect problem.
The content of the invention
Exist that the incidence of disease is not low enough, yield is not high enough and quality to solve the tomato of existing cultivation method of tomatoes cultivation
Imperfect problem, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cultivation method of tomatoes, the tomato cultivated by the cultivation method of tomatoes
Have the advantages that disease resistance is strong, yield is high and quality better.
The invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of cultivation method of tomatoes, comprises the following steps：
（1）Soil is selected：It is 30000-45000lx and soil acid-base to select to be rich in organic matter, intensity of illumination in soil layer thickness, soil property
Spend PH6.5-7 soil；
（2）Variety selection：Select strong growing way, not early ageing, resistance to strong light, low temperature resistant, the disease-resistant strong and high kind of yield；
（3）Bask seeds：Seed is shone into 2-3d under the sun；
（4）Medicament soaked seed：Seed after solarization is put into 50-55 DEG C of warm water, stirring is cooled to 20-25 DEG C, soak seed 10-
12min is pulled out, is placed into 1% liquor potassic permanganate and is soaked 15-25min, is filtered with gauze pocket, is tied sack, be put into water
Clean, be then placed in 20-25 DEG C of water and soak seed 3-4 hours, pull out and drain；
（5）Vernalization is handled：By step（4）In pull the seed that drains out and bound up with gauze with clean, be placed in isoperibol, temperature
Control can be sowed at 25-30 DEG C when seed has 60-70% to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
（6）Site preparation：In step（1）In soil on every mu apply the organic fertilizer 2500-3000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, plough deeply and rake, then often
Mu applies soil conditioner 30-40kg, shallow to plough under soil；
The soil conditioner includes the raw material of following parts by weight：
4-5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 15-20 parts of weathered coal, 3-5 parts of oyster shell powder, 3-4 parts of zinc sulfate, 2-3 parts of manganese sulfate, trimerization phosphorus
Sour sodium 1-2 parts, 0.2-0.6 parts of astragalus polyose, 3-7 parts of attapulgite, 6-10 parts of turf, 1-3 parts of cushaw stem, peanut dregs of fat 5-9
Part, 5-9 parts of Soybean Meal, 5-25 parts of powdered rice hulls, 3-7 parts of diatomite and 5-7 parts of water；
The soil conditioner preparation method comprises the following steps：Raw material is weighed according to the parts by weight of soil conditioner, by three
Polyphosphate sodium and water are mixed, and add weathered coal, are heated to 70-80 DEG C, are continued stirring and are mixed dry to water, add sulfuric acid
Ferrous iron, oyster shell powder, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, attapulgite, turf, cushaw stem, the peanut dregs of fat, Soybean Meal, powdered rice hulls and diatom
4-5h is stacked in soil, at room temperature mixing, adds astragalus polyose, stirs, dry, granulate, produce soil conditioner；
（7）Sowing：In step（6）In soil on selection a piece of land as seedling bed, greenhouse is built on the soil, it is smooth
Seedling bed in canopy, spreads Nutrition Soil, seedling bed is filled with enough bottom water before sowing, entirely sows one layer of fine earth, and tomato seeds are uniform
Sow on bed surface, application rate is 5-6g/m2, then cover 1-1.5cm fine earths, covering with plastic film keeps humidity in 60-70%, ground temperature
At 20-25 DEG C；
（8）Seedling management：Sowing is to during emerging, and seedling bed temperature control is in 25-30 DEG C of daytime temperature, and 15-20 DEG C of night temperature is emerged
The preceding film, windowing do not taken off leaks informaton, and young shoot starts top soil when emerging, if because earthing is excessively thin, finding top shell phenomenon, should earthing again immediately
1 time；Emerge between seedling separation early stage, after emerging, after the two panels cotyledon of seedling is sufficiently spread out, suitably to reduce bed temperature, open mulch film,
Keep 20-25 DEG C of daytime temperature, 10-15 DEG C of night temperature, the ventilation cooling in time more than 28 DEG C；
（9）Field planting：Transplant planting is carried out when 2-3 piece true leaves occurs in tomato young plant, tomato young plant band soil zone fertilizer is transplanted, it is ensured that
Line-spacing is in 40-50cm, spacing in the rows in 25-35cm, and selection day temperature is 25-30 DEG C, and nocturnal temperature is 18-25 DEG C, after transplanting not
Suitable flood is poured, and is preferably sprayed；
（10）Field management：Topdress, water management, ridging and weeding, built and tie up climing, training and pinch and flower and fruit thinning；
（11）Harvesting.
Preferably, the step is being carried out（4）Also need to carry out seed screening before Medicament soaked seed, by screen for seeds sub-sieve except small
And shrivelled seed, leave big and full seed.
Preferably, the step（4）Also need to ventilate 4 minutes every 8 minutes during Medicament soaked seed, solve seed
The rotten kind that is run into during Medicament soaked seed, germination percentage are low, irregular problem of germinateing.
Preferably, the step（5）The seed that drains will be pulled in vernalization processing procedure out to be bound up with gauze with clean, be placed in
In insulating box, insulating box can control temperature exactly, improve the Germination effect of seed, improve germination percentage.
Preferably, the step（6）Sodium tripolyphosphate and water are mixed to use mixer during site preparation
Stirring, has the advantages that stirring efficiency is high and raw material is well mixed.
Preferably, the mixer is dual horizontal shaft type mixer, and dual horizontal shaft type mixer has reasonable in design, balance
Good, easy to maintenance and efficiency high the advantage of property.
Preferably, the step（6）Drying is dries using Double-barrel drying machine during site preparation, Double-barrel drying machine drying
With the thermal efficiency is high, energy-efficient, compact conformation, insulation and material exchange more fully advantage with heat smoke.
Preferably, the step（6）Granulation is granulates using flat-die Squeezinggranulator during site preparation, and flat-die extruding is made
The mach granular material of grain has that any surface finish, hardness are moderate, balling ratio is high, without returning charge, granule strength be high, rounding is uniform
With balling-up moisture it is low the characteristics of.
Preferably, the step（7）Nutrition Soil in sowing includes the raw material of following parts by weight：6-8 parts of leaf mould, vegetable seed
0.1-0.5 parts of 7-11 parts of cake, 5-9 parts of cotton dregs, 3-7 parts of humic acid, 5-7 parts of poultry fecaluria, 1-3 parts of zeolite powder and bentonite, be
Seed provides the nutrient needed for growth.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, the tomato cultivated by cultivation method of tomatoes of the present invention has the advantages that disease resistance is strong, yield is high and quality better.
2nd, the present invention is carrying out the step（4）Also need to carry out seed screening before Medicament soaked seed, removed by screen for seeds sub-sieve
Small and shrivelled seed, leaves big and full seed.
3rd, heretofore described step（4）Also need to ventilate 4 minutes every 8 minutes during Medicament soaked seed, solve
Rotten kind that seed runs into during Medicament soaked seed, germination percentage are low, irregular problem of germinateing.
4th, heretofore described step（5）The seed that drains will be pulled in vernalization processing procedure out to be bound up with gauze with clean,
It is placed in insulating box, insulating box can control temperature exactly, improves the Germination effect of seed, improves germination percentage.
5th, heretofore described step（6）Mixing sodium tripolyphosphate and water during site preparation is using stirring
Machine is stirred, and has the advantages that stirring efficiency is high and raw material is well mixed.
6th, heretofore described mixer be dual horizontal shaft type mixer, dual horizontal shaft type mixer have reasonable in design,
Good, easy to maintenance and efficiency high the advantage of balance.
7th, heretofore described step（6）Drying is dries using Double-barrel drying machine during site preparation, Double-barrel drying machine
There is high, the energy-efficient thermal efficiency, compact conformation, insulation and material more fully advantage is exchanged with heat smoke for drying.
8th, heretofore described step（6）Granulation is granulates using flat-die Squeezinggranulator during site preparation, and flat-die is squeezed
Pressing the mach granular material of granulation to have, any surface finish, hardness are moderate, balling ratio is high, without returning charge, granule strength height, rounding
The characteristics of uniform balling-up moisture is low.
9th, heretofore described step（7）Nutrition Soil in sowing includes the raw material of following parts by weight：6-8 parts of leaf mould,
7-11 parts of rape cake, 5-9 parts of cotton dregs, 3-7 parts of humic acid, 5-7 parts of poultry fecaluria, 1-3 parts of zeolite powder and bentonite 0.1-0.5
Part, for the nutrient needed for seed provides growth.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of cultivation method of tomatoes, comprises the following steps：
（1）Soil is selected：It is 30000-45000lx and soil acid-base to select to be rich in organic matter, intensity of illumination in soil layer thickness, soil property
Spend PH6.5-7 soil；
（2）Variety selection：Select strong growing way, not early ageing, resistance to strong light, low temperature resistant, the disease-resistant strong and high kind of yield；
（3）Bask seeds：Seed is shone into 2-3d under the sun；
（4）Medicament soaked seed：Seed after solarization is put into 50-55 DEG C of warm water, stirring is cooled to 20-25 DEG C, soak seed 10-
12min is pulled out, is placed into 1% liquor potassic permanganate and is soaked 15-25min, is filtered with gauze pocket, is tied sack, be put into water
Clean, be then placed in 20-25 DEG C of water and soak seed 3-4 hours, pull out and drain；
（5）Vernalization is handled：By step（4）In pull the seed that drains out and bound up with gauze with clean, be placed in isoperibol, temperature
Control can be sowed at 25-30 DEG C when seed has 60-70% to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
（6）Site preparation：In step（1）In soil on every mu apply the organic fertilizer 2500-3000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, plough deeply and rake, then often
Mu applies soil conditioner 30-40kg, shallow to plough under soil；
Soil conditioner includes the raw material of following parts by weight：
4.5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 17.5 parts of weathered coal, 4 parts of oyster shell powder, 3.5 parts of zinc sulfate, 2.5 parts of manganese sulfate, sodium tripolyphosphate
1.5 parts, 0.4 part of astragalus polyose, 5 parts of attapulgite, 8 parts of turf, 2 parts of cushaw stem, 7 parts of the peanut dregs of fat, 7 parts of Soybean Meal, rice husk
6 parts of 15 parts of powder, 5 parts of diatomite and water；
Soil conditioner preparation method comprises the following steps：Raw material is weighed according to the parts by weight of soil conditioner, by trimerization phosphorus
Sour sodium and water are mixed, and add weathered coal, are heated to 70-80 DEG C, are continued stirring and are mixed dry to water, add sulfuric acid sub-
Iron, oyster shell powder, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, attapulgite, turf, cushaw stem, the peanut dregs of fat, Soybean Meal, powdered rice hulls and diatom
4-5h is stacked in soil, at room temperature mixing, adds astragalus polyose, stirs, dry, granulate, produce soil conditioner；
（7）Sowing：In step（6）In soil on selection a piece of land as seedling bed, greenhouse is built on the soil, it is smooth
Seedling bed in canopy, spreads Nutrition Soil, seedling bed is filled with enough bottom water before sowing, entirely sows one layer of fine earth, and tomato seeds are uniform
Sow on bed surface, application rate is 5-6g/m2, then cover 1-1.5cm fine earths, covering with plastic film keeps humidity in 60-70%, ground temperature
At 20-25 DEG C；
（8）Seedling management：Sowing is to during emerging, and seedling bed temperature control is in 25-30 DEG C of daytime temperature, and 15-20 DEG C of night temperature is emerged
The preceding film, windowing do not taken off leaks informaton, and young shoot starts top soil when emerging, if because earthing is excessively thin, finding top shell phenomenon, should earthing again immediately
1 time；Emerge between seedling separation early stage, after emerging, after the two panels cotyledon of seedling is sufficiently spread out, suitably to reduce bed temperature, open mulch film,
Keep 20-25 DEG C of daytime temperature, 10-15 DEG C of night temperature, the ventilation cooling in time more than 28 DEG C；
（9）Field planting：Transplant planting is carried out when 2-3 piece true leaves occurs in tomato young plant, tomato young plant band soil zone fertilizer is transplanted, it is ensured that
Line-spacing is in 40-50cm, spacing in the rows in 25-35cm, and selection day temperature is 25-30 DEG C, and nocturnal temperature is 18-25 DEG C, after transplanting not
Suitable flood is poured, and is preferably sprayed；
（10）Field management：Topdress, water management, ridging and weeding, built and tie up climing, training and pinch and flower and fruit thinning；
（11）Harvesting.
Carrying out the step（4）Also need to carry out seed screening before Medicament soaked seed, by screen for seeds sub-sieve except small and shrivelled
Seed, leave big and full seed.
Step（4）Also need to ventilate 4 minutes every 8 minutes during Medicament soaked seed, solve seed in Medicament soaked seed
During the rotten kind that runs into, germination percentage is low, irregular problem of germinateing.
Step（5）The seed that drains will be pulled in vernalization processing procedure out to be bound up with gauze with clean, be placed in insulating box, it is permanent
Incubator can control temperature exactly, improve the Germination effect of seed, improve germination percentage.
Step（6）Sodium tripolyphosphate and water are mixed to stir using mixer during site preparation, with stirring
Mix efficiency high and the well mixed advantage of raw material.
Mixer is dual horizontal shaft type mixer, and dual horizontal shaft type mixer has that reasonable in design, balance be good, maintenance side
Just with the advantage of efficiency high.
Step（6）Drying is dries using Double-barrel drying machine during site preparation, and Double-barrel drying machine drying has the thermal efficiency
High, energy-efficient, compact conformation, insulation and material exchange more fully advantage with heat smoke.
Step（6）Granulation is to be granulated using flat-die Squeezinggranulator during site preparation, the machining of flat-die extruder grain
Granular material has that any surface finish, hardness are moderate, balling ratio is high, without returning charge, granule strength be high, the uniform balling-up moisture of rounding
Low the characteristics of.
Step（7）Nutrition Soil in sowing includes the raw material of following parts by weight：7 parts of leaf mould, 9 parts of rape cake, cotton dregs 7
Part, 5 parts of humic acid, 6 parts of poultry fecaluria, 2 parts of zeolite powder and 0.3 part of bentonite, for the nutrient needed for seed provides growth.
Embodiment 2
A kind of cultivation method of tomatoes, comprises the following steps：
（1）Soil is selected：It is 30000-45000lx and soil acid-base to select to be rich in organic matter, intensity of illumination in soil layer thickness, soil property
Spend PH6.5-7 soil；
（2）Variety selection：Select strong growing way, not early ageing, resistance to strong light, low temperature resistant, the disease-resistant strong and high kind of yield；
（3）Bask seeds：Seed is shone into 2-3d under the sun；
（4）Medicament soaked seed：Seed after solarization is put into 50-55 DEG C of warm water, stirring is cooled to 20-25 DEG C, soak seed 10-
12min is pulled out, is placed into 1% liquor potassic permanganate and is soaked 15-25min, is filtered with gauze pocket, is tied sack, be put into water
Clean, be then placed in 20-25 DEG C of water and soak seed 3-4 hours, pull out and drain；
（5）Vernalization is handled：By step（4）In pull the seed that drains out and bound up with gauze with clean, be placed in isoperibol, temperature
Control can be sowed at 25-30 DEG C when seed has 60-70% to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
（6）Site preparation：In step（1）In soil on every mu apply the organic fertilizer 2500-3000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, plough deeply and rake, then often
Mu applies soil conditioner 30-40kg, shallow to plough under soil；
Soil conditioner includes the raw material of following parts by weight：
4 parts of ferrous sulfate, 15 parts of weathered coal, 3 parts of oyster shell powder, 3 parts of zinc sulfate, 2 parts of manganese sulfate, 1 part of sodium tripolyphosphate, the Radix Astragali
0.2 part of polysaccharide, 3 parts of attapulgite, 6 parts of turf, 1 part of cushaw stem, 5 parts of the peanut dregs of fat, 5 parts of Soybean Meal, 5 parts of powdered rice hulls, diatom
5 parts of 3 parts of soil and water；
Soil conditioner preparation method comprises the following steps：Raw material is weighed according to the parts by weight of soil conditioner, by trimerization phosphorus
Sour sodium and water are mixed, and add weathered coal, are heated to 70-80 DEG C, are continued stirring and are mixed dry to water, add sulfuric acid sub-
Iron, oyster shell powder, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, attapulgite, turf, cushaw stem, the peanut dregs of fat, Soybean Meal, powdered rice hulls and diatom
4-5h is stacked in soil, at room temperature mixing, adds astragalus polyose, stirs, dry, granulate, produce soil conditioner；
（7）Sowing：In step（6）In soil on selection a piece of land as seedling bed, greenhouse is built on the soil, it is smooth
Seedling bed in canopy, spreads Nutrition Soil, seedling bed is filled with enough bottom water before sowing, entirely sows one layer of fine earth, and tomato seeds are uniform
Sow on bed surface, application rate is 5-6g/m2, then cover 1-1.5cm fine earths, covering with plastic film keeps humidity in 60-70%, ground temperature
At 20-25 DEG C；
（8）Seedling management：Sowing is to during emerging, and seedling bed temperature control is in 25-30 DEG C of daytime temperature, and 15-20 DEG C of night temperature is emerged
The preceding film, windowing do not taken off leaks informaton, and young shoot starts top soil when emerging, if because earthing is excessively thin, finding top shell phenomenon, should earthing again immediately
1 time；Emerge between seedling separation early stage, after emerging, after the two panels cotyledon of seedling is sufficiently spread out, suitably to reduce bed temperature, open mulch film,
Keep 20-25 DEG C of daytime temperature, 10-15 DEG C of night temperature, the ventilation cooling in time more than 28 DEG C；
（9）Field planting：Transplant planting is carried out when 2-3 piece true leaves occurs in tomato young plant, tomato young plant band soil zone fertilizer is transplanted, it is ensured that
Line-spacing is in 40-50cm, spacing in the rows in 25-35cm, and selection day temperature is 25-30 DEG C, and nocturnal temperature is 18-25 DEG C, after transplanting not
Suitable flood is poured, and is preferably sprayed；
（10）Field management：Topdress, water management, ridging and weeding, built and tie up climing, training and pinch and flower and fruit thinning；
（11）Harvesting.
Carrying out the step（4）Also need to carry out seed screening before Medicament soaked seed, by screen for seeds sub-sieve except small and shrivelled
Seed, leave big and full seed.
Step（4）Also need to ventilate 4 minutes every 8 minutes during Medicament soaked seed, solve seed in Medicament soaked seed
During the rotten kind that runs into, germination percentage is low, irregular problem of germinateing.
Step（5）The seed that drains will be pulled in vernalization processing procedure out to be bound up with gauze with clean, be placed in insulating box, it is permanent
Incubator can control temperature exactly, improve the Germination effect of seed, improve germination percentage.
Step（6）Sodium tripolyphosphate and water are mixed to stir using mixer during site preparation, with stirring
Mix efficiency high and the well mixed advantage of raw material.
Mixer is dual horizontal shaft type mixer, and dual horizontal shaft type mixer has that reasonable in design, balance be good, maintenance side
Just with the advantage of efficiency high.
Step（6）Drying is dries using Double-barrel drying machine during site preparation, and Double-barrel drying machine drying has the thermal efficiency
High, energy-efficient, compact conformation, insulation and material exchange more fully advantage with heat smoke.
Step（6）Granulation is to be granulated using flat-die Squeezinggranulator during site preparation, the machining of flat-die extruder grain
Granular material has that any surface finish, hardness are moderate, balling ratio is high, without returning charge, granule strength be high, the uniform balling-up moisture of rounding
Low the characteristics of.
Step（7）Nutrition Soil in sowing includes the raw material of following parts by weight：6 parts of leaf mould, 7 parts of rape cake, cotton dregs 5
Part, 3 parts of humic acid, 5 parts of poultry fecaluria, 1 part of zeolite powder and 0.1 part of bentonite, for the nutrient needed for seed provides growth.
Embodiment 3
A kind of cultivation method of tomatoes, comprises the following steps：
（1）Soil is selected：It is 30000-45000lx and soil acid-base to select to be rich in organic matter, intensity of illumination in soil layer thickness, soil property
Spend PH6.5-7 soil；
（2）Variety selection：Select strong growing way, not early ageing, resistance to strong light, low temperature resistant, the disease-resistant strong and high kind of yield；
（3）Bask seeds：Seed is shone into 2-3d under the sun；
（4）Medicament soaked seed：Seed after solarization is put into 50-55 DEG C of warm water, stirring is cooled to 20-25 DEG C, soak seed 10-
12min is pulled out, is placed into 1% liquor potassic permanganate and is soaked 15-25min, is filtered with gauze pocket, is tied sack, be put into water
Clean, be then placed in 20-25 DEG C of water and soak seed 3-4 hours, pull out and drain；
（5）Vernalization is handled：By step（4）In pull the seed that drains out and bound up with gauze with clean, be placed in isoperibol, temperature
Control can be sowed at 25-30 DEG C when seed has 60-70% to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
（6）Site preparation：In step（1）In soil on every mu apply the organic fertilizer 2500-3000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, plough deeply and rake, then often
Mu applies soil conditioner 30-40kg, shallow to plough under soil；
Soil conditioner includes the raw material of following parts by weight：
5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 20 parts of weathered coal, 5 parts of oyster shell powder, 4 parts of zinc sulfate, 3 parts of manganese sulfate, 2 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate, the Radix Astragali
0.6 part of polysaccharide, 7 parts of attapulgite, 10 parts of turf, 3 parts of cushaw stem, 9 parts of the peanut dregs of fat, 9 parts of Soybean Meal, 25 parts of powdered rice hulls, silicon
7 parts of 7 parts of diatomaceous earth and water；
Soil conditioner preparation method comprises the following steps：Raw material is weighed according to the parts by weight of soil conditioner, by trimerization phosphorus
Sour sodium and water are mixed, and add weathered coal, are heated to 70-80 DEG C, are continued stirring and are mixed dry to water, add sulfuric acid sub-
Iron, oyster shell powder, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, attapulgite, turf, cushaw stem, the peanut dregs of fat, Soybean Meal, powdered rice hulls and diatom
4-5h is stacked in soil, at room temperature mixing, adds astragalus polyose, stirs, dry, granulate, produce soil conditioner；
（7）Sowing：In step（6）In soil on selection a piece of land as seedling bed, greenhouse is built on the soil, it is smooth
Seedling bed in canopy, spreads Nutrition Soil, seedling bed is filled with enough bottom water before sowing, entirely sows one layer of fine earth, and tomato seeds are uniform
Sow on bed surface, application rate is 5-6g/m2, then cover 1-1.5cm fine earths, covering with plastic film keeps humidity in 60-70%, ground temperature
At 20-25 DEG C；
（8）Seedling management：Sowing is to during emerging, and seedling bed temperature control is in 25-30 DEG C of daytime temperature, and 15-20 DEG C of night temperature is emerged
The preceding film, windowing do not taken off leaks informaton, and young shoot starts top soil when emerging, if because earthing is excessively thin, finding top shell phenomenon, should earthing again immediately
1 time；Emerge between seedling separation early stage, after emerging, after the two panels cotyledon of seedling is sufficiently spread out, suitably to reduce bed temperature, open mulch film,
Keep 20-25 DEG C of daytime temperature, 10-15 DEG C of night temperature, the ventilation cooling in time more than 28 DEG C；
（9）Field planting：Transplant planting is carried out when 2-3 piece true leaves occurs in tomato young plant, tomato young plant band soil zone fertilizer is transplanted, it is ensured that
Line-spacing is in 40-50cm, spacing in the rows in 25-35cm, and selection day temperature is 25-30 DEG C, and nocturnal temperature is 18-25 DEG C, after transplanting not
Suitable flood is poured, and is preferably sprayed；
（10）Field management：Topdress, water management, ridging and weeding, built and tie up climing, training and pinch and flower and fruit thinning；
（11）Harvesting.
Carrying out the step（4）Also need to carry out seed screening before Medicament soaked seed, by screen for seeds sub-sieve except small and shrivelled
Seed, leave big and full seed.
Step（4）Also need to ventilate 4 minutes every 8 minutes during Medicament soaked seed, solve seed in Medicament soaked seed
During the rotten kind that runs into, germination percentage is low, irregular problem of germinateing.
Step（5）The seed that drains will be pulled in vernalization processing procedure out to be bound up with gauze with clean, be placed in insulating box, it is permanent
Incubator can control temperature exactly, improve the Germination effect of seed, improve germination percentage.
Step（6）Sodium tripolyphosphate and water are mixed to stir using mixer during site preparation, with stirring
Mix efficiency high and the well mixed advantage of raw material.
Mixer is dual horizontal shaft type mixer, and dual horizontal shaft type mixer has that reasonable in design, balance be good, maintenance side
Just with the advantage of efficiency high.
Step（6）Drying is dries using Double-barrel drying machine during site preparation, and Double-barrel drying machine drying has the thermal efficiency
High, energy-efficient, compact conformation, insulation and material exchange more fully advantage with heat smoke.
Step（6）Granulation is to be granulated using flat-die Squeezinggranulator during site preparation, the machining of flat-die extruder grain
Granular material has that any surface finish, hardness are moderate, balling ratio is high, without returning charge, granule strength be high, the uniform balling-up moisture of rounding
Low the characteristics of.
Step（7）Nutrition Soil in sowing includes the raw material of following parts by weight：8 parts of leaf mould, 11 parts of rape cake, cotton dregs 9
Part, 7 parts of humic acid, 7 parts of poultry fecaluria, 3 parts of zeolite powder and 0.5 part of bentonite, for the nutrient needed for seed provides growth.
The tomato planting method and conventional tomato cultural method of embodiment 1, embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 are compared, with
Lower advantage：
| Product quality | Yield（Kg/acre） | Input/output | Pest and disease damage incidence（%） | |
| Embodiment 1 | Environmental protection and public nuisance free | 6259 | 1:4.6 | 0.4 |
| Embodiment 2 | Environmental protection and public nuisance free | 6201 | 1:4.3 | 0.5 |
| Embodiment 3 | Environmental protection and public nuisance free | 6123 | 1:3.9 | 0.7 |
| Conventional tomato cultural method | Remains of pesticide is more | 4326 | 1:2.5 | 6.7 |
As seen from the above table, compared with conventional method, cultivation method of tomatoes of the present invention has quality better, low input, high production, production
Amount height and the low advantage of pest and disease damage incidence.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, although with reference to foregoing reality
Apply example the present invention is described in detail, for those skilled in the art, it still can be to foregoing each implementation
Technical scheme described in example is modified, or equivalent substitution, all essences in the present invention are carried out to which part technical characteristic
God is with principle, and any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of cultivation method of tomatoes, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Soil is selected：It is 30000-45000lx and soil acid-base to select to be rich in organic matter, intensity of illumination in soil layer thickness, soil property
Spend PH6.5-7 soil；
（2）Variety selection：Select strong growing way, not early ageing, resistance to strong light, low temperature resistant, the disease-resistant strong and high kind of yield；
（3）Bask seeds：Seed is shone into 2-3d under the sun；
（4）Medicament soaked seed：Seed after solarization is put into 50-55 DEG C of warm water, stirring is cooled to 20-25 DEG C, soak seed 10-
12min is pulled out, is placed into 1% liquor potassic permanganate and is soaked 15-25min, is filtered with gauze pocket, is tied sack, be put into water
Clean, be then placed in 20-25 DEG C of water and soak seed 3-4 hours, pull out and drain；
（5）Vernalization is handled：By step（4）In pull the seed that drains out and bound up with gauze with clean, be placed in isoperibol, temperature
Control can be sowed at 25-30 DEG C when seed has 60-70% to show money or valuables one carries unintentionally；
（6）Site preparation：In step（1）In soil on every mu apply the organic fertilizer 2500-3000kg that becomes thoroughly decomposed, plough deeply and rake, then often
Mu applies soil conditioner 30-40kg, shallow to plough under soil；
The soil conditioner includes the raw material of following parts by weight：
4-5 parts of ferrous sulfate, 15-20 parts of weathered coal, 3-5 parts of oyster shell powder, 3-4 parts of zinc sulfate, 2-3 parts of manganese sulfate, trimerization phosphorus
Sour sodium 1-2 parts, 0.2-0.6 parts of astragalus polyose, 3-7 parts of attapulgite, 6-10 parts of turf, 1-3 parts of cushaw stem, peanut dregs of fat 5-9
Part, 5-9 parts of Soybean Meal, 5-25 parts of powdered rice hulls, 3-7 parts of diatomite and 5-7 parts of water；
The soil conditioner preparation method comprises the following steps：Raw material is weighed according to the parts by weight of soil conditioner, by three
Polyphosphate sodium and water are mixed, and add weathered coal, are heated to 70-80 DEG C, are continued stirring and are mixed dry to water, add sulfuric acid
Ferrous iron, oyster shell powder, zinc sulfate, manganese sulfate, attapulgite, turf, cushaw stem, the peanut dregs of fat, Soybean Meal, powdered rice hulls and diatom
4-5h is stacked in soil, at room temperature mixing, adds astragalus polyose, stirs, dry, granulate, produce soil conditioner；
（7）Sowing：In step（6）In soil on selection a piece of land as seedling bed, greenhouse is built on the soil, it is smooth
Seedling bed in canopy, spreads Nutrition Soil, seedling bed is filled with enough bottom water before sowing, entirely sows one layer of fine earth, and tomato seeds are uniform
Sow on bed surface, application rate is 5-6g/m2, then cover 1-1.5cm fine earths, covering with plastic film keeps humidity in 60-70%, ground temperature
At 20-25 DEG C；
（8）Seedling management：Sowing is to during emerging, and seedling bed temperature control is in 25-30 DEG C of daytime temperature, and 15-20 DEG C of night temperature is emerged
The preceding film, windowing do not taken off leaks informaton, and young shoot starts top soil when emerging, if because earthing is excessively thin, finding top shell phenomenon, should earthing again immediately
1 time；Emerge between seedling separation early stage, after emerging, after the two panels cotyledon of seedling is sufficiently spread out, suitably to reduce bed temperature, open mulch film,
Keep 20-25 DEG C of daytime temperature, 10-15 DEG C of night temperature, the ventilation cooling in time more than 28 DEG C；
（9）Field planting：Transplant planting is carried out when 2-3 piece true leaves occurs in tomato young plant, tomato young plant band soil zone fertilizer is transplanted, it is ensured that
Line-spacing is in 40-50cm, spacing in the rows in 25-35cm, and selection day temperature is 25-30 DEG C, and nocturnal temperature is 18-25 DEG C, after transplanting not
Suitable flood is poured, and is preferably sprayed；
（10）Field management：Topdress, water management, ridging and weeding, built and tie up climing, training and pinch and flower and fruit thinning；
（11）Harvesting.
2. cultivation method of tomatoes according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Carrying out the step（4）Before Medicament soaked seed
Also need to carry out seed screening.
3. cultivation method of tomatoes according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（4）During Medicament soaked seed
Also need to ventilate 4 minutes every 8 minutes.
4. cultivation method of tomatoes according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（5）Will in vernalization processing procedure
Pull the seed drained out to be bound up with gauze with clean, be placed in insulating box.
5. cultivation method of tomatoes according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（6）General during site preparation
Sodium tripolyphosphate and water mix to stir using mixer.
6. cultivation method of tomatoes according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The mixer is dual horizontal shaft type mixer.
7. cultivation method of tomatoes according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（6）Dried during site preparation
To be dried using Double-barrel drying machine.
8. cultivation method of tomatoes according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（6）Granulated during site preparation
To be granulated using flat-die Squeezinggranulator.
9. cultivation method of tomatoes according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step（7）Nutrition Soil bag in sowing
Include the raw material of following parts by weight：6-8 parts of leaf mould, 7-11 parts of rape cake, 5-9 parts of cotton dregs, 3-7 parts of humic acid, poultry fecaluria 5-7
0.1-0.5 parts of part, 1-3 parts of zeolite powder and bentonite.
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| CN201710426739.2A CN107241986A (en) | 2017-06-08 | 2017-06-08 | A kind of cultivation method of tomatoes |
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| CN107864807A (en) * | 2017-11-18 | 2018-04-03 | 渠县金穗农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of tomato |
| CN108174647A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-19 | 天长市金农农业发展有限公司 | A kind of high-yield planting method of winter Crops ' |
| CN108419622A (en) * | 2018-05-22 | 2018-08-21 | 六枝特区舰航种养殖场 | A kind of implantation methods improving yacon quality |
| CN109984024A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 江苏省农业科学院 | A kind of cultivation method of tomatoes based on light water coincidence |
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| CN107637248A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-01-30 | 桐梓县小水芦柑专业合作社 | A kind of implantation methods of broad bean |
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