CN107241982A - A kind of high-yield planting method of selenium-enriched sweet potato - Google Patents
A kind of high-yield planting method of selenium-enriched sweet potato Download PDFInfo
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- CN107241982A CN107241982A CN201710398293.7A CN201710398293A CN107241982A CN 107241982 A CN107241982 A CN 107241982A CN 201710398293 A CN201710398293 A CN 201710398293A CN 107241982 A CN107241982 A CN 107241982A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C11/00—Other nitrogenous fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, a kind of high-yield planting method of selenium-enriched sweet potato is specifically disclosed, comprises the following steps that (1) is pre-processed and treats kind of a soil；(2) breeding：It will be of moderate size, unnotched sweet potato kind is put into the limewash that mass concentration is 3 5% and soaks 28 48h, the temperature of immersion is 25 28 DEG C, then carries out greenhouse breeding；(3) it is colonized seedling：The seedling length that breeding is obtained into seedling starts to win seedling transplanting to the alley of step (1) to 10 15cm, and 30 40cm are spaced on alley and are colonized one plant of seedling；(4) field management；(5) harvest the present invention and all apply selenium-enriched fertilizer from root and leaf portion, absorbed for sweet potato so that organic selenium content reaches the effect of selenium-rich in 22.0 μ g/kg or so in sweet potato, and the implantation methods are simply easily carried out.
Description
【Technical field】
The invention belongs to agricultural technology field, and in particular to a kind of high-yield planting method of selenium-enriched sweet potato.
【Background technology】
Solarization is indispensable trace element in human body, with anticancer, antioxidation, can antagonism harmful heavy metal, energy
Enough regulation vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, absorptions and utilization of vitamin K, the effect of the synthesis of energy regulatory protein matter, by
In the organ that long-term storage is shone is not present in human body, the solarization needed for body should constantly obtain the solarization of sufficient amount from diet, shine
The balance of concentration has important protective effect and facilitation to the physiological function of many organs, tissue.Sweet potato is tubers
Crop, the stem for being embedded in underground is expanded, and containing substantial amounts of starch, the abundant nutrition energy can be provided for eater.It can also make
To produce the high-quality raw material of starch from sweet potato.
Sweet potato, also known as sweet potato, sweet potato, sweet potato, pachyrhizus etc., different regions people are also different to its address, Shandong person
It is pachyrhizus, and people from Sichuan is called sweet potato, and Pekinese is called sweet potato, and Hok-lo is called sweet potato.Ipomoea batatas kind is a lot of, shape
There are spindle, cylinder, ellipse, spherical point；Color of the leather has white, yellowish, red, yellow and purplish red other；Yellowish pink has yellow, apricot yellow, purplish red all
Kind.Generally to produce based on root tuber or leaf, root tuber is formed by the secondary hypertrophy of adventitious root, is longer than table soil 25cm depths.Every plant can give birth to
Produce several root tubers.Sweet potato contains abundant sugar, protein, cellulose and multivitamin, and wherein vitamin E and vitamin C is outstanding
It is many.Particularly sweet potato contains abundant lysine, and rice, flour exactly lack lysine.Sweet potato is grain and vegetables
In outstanding person.It is the second bread that occidentals, which praises it, and former Soviet Union scientist says that it is following aerospace food, French person it be
Undisputed high-class healthy food.
Sweet potato is not only healthy food, the good medicine still got rid of illness.《Compendium of Materia Medica》Record, sweet potato have weary qi-restoratives, benefiting energy,
Effect of strengthening the spleen and stomach, strong kidney yin.Sweet potato is steamed, cuts, shines, received, and uses grain as, referred to as potato grain, makes one long-lived few disease.
【The content of the invention】
The goal of the invention of the present invention is：For above-mentioned problem, there is provided a kind of high-yield planting side of selenium-enriched sweet potato
Method.The present invention applies selenium-enriched fertilizer from root and leaf portion, is absorbed for sweet potato so that organic selenium content exists in sweet potato
25.61 μ g/kg or so, reach the effect of selenium-rich, and the implantation methods are simply easily carried out.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of high-yield planting method of selenium-enriched sweet potato, comprises the following steps
(1) pre-process and treat kind of a soil：Determination of Selenium is carried out to soil, then deep ploughed once, then add base manure and selenium-rich
Fertilizer, is then deep ploughed once again, after base manure and selenium-enriched fertilizer are mixed with soil, and soil is ploughed out into the high ground of a plurality of 30-50cm
Ridge, digs out on alley, and the base manure of application and the amount of selenium-enriched fertilizer are respectively 80-100kg/ mus, 20-30kg/ mus；
Wherein, base manure is potassium sulfate, and urea, borax, sodium dihydrogen phosphate are according to 2:3:1:2 volume ratio is mixed；
Wherein, selenium-enriched fertilizer is made including following raw material in parts by weight：It is 10 by efficient bacterium quantity ratio：1-3：
2-3：4-9：4-6：1-5：2-5 liquid nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, fusarium, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, yellow ocher streptomycete, glue
Freeze sample bacillus, 1-8 parts of 5-8 part of microbial bacterial agent, waste paper scrap, Leaves of Glycyrrhiza Uralensis Fisch that saccharomycete is mixed, selenium ore-rock crushing
It is 1-5 parts of Ultramicro-powder, 1-5 parts of pea pods, 5-10 parts of sodium selenite, 5-10 parts of timber biological charcoal, 0.05-0.08 parts of molasses, pale reddish brown
1-5 parts of Chinese violet, 3-8 parts of field pennycress, 1-3 parts of indigo naturalis, 1-5 parts of sweet potato skin；
(2) breeding：It will be of moderate size, unnotched sweet potato kind is put into the limewash that mass concentration is 3-5% and soaks 28-
48h, the temperature of immersion is 25-28 DEG C, then carries out greenhouse breeding；
(3) it is colonized seedling：The seedling length that breeding is obtained into seedling starts to win seedling transplanting to step (1) to 10-15cm
30-40cm, which is spaced, on alley, on alley is colonized one plant of seedling；
(4) field management：Field planting starts to impose foliar fertilizer after 3 months, and every mu sprays 200-250kg, and at interval of 20 days
Spray once；
(5) harvest：Start to harvest sweet potato behind five month after field planting, do not spray foliar fertilizer within 20 days before harvesting.
In the present invention, further illustrate, the foliar fertilizer is selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer；The selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer is according to parts by weight
Number meter includes following raw material and is made：3-5 parts of gibberellin, 1-3 parts of soya-bean polypeptides, 1-3 parts of allicin, polyethylene glycol hydrocarbyl ether 1-2
Part, 1-2 parts of niacinamide, 1-3 parts of sodium selenite, 5-8 parts of hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat, 100-500 parts of water.
Further, the selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer is prepared by lower section method：
S1, in parts by weight, weighs raw material；
S2, by sodium selenite clean, drying after crush, cross 100 mesh sieves, then mixed with hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat,
Place into isometric water, be placed under ultraviolet light and irradiate 2-4h, finally filter to take supernatant, it is stand-by；
S3, by gibberellin, allicin, polyethylene glycol hydrocarbyl ether, niacinamide, the supernatant that step (1) is obtained, surplus water
Mixing can obtain selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer.
Further illustrate, the selenium-enriched fertilizer is prepared by following methods：
A, by sweet potato skin, Chinese violet, field pennycress, indigo naturalis, timber biological charcoal, waste paper scrap, Leaves of Glycyrrhiza Uralensis Fisch crush, cross 10 mesh
Sieve, obtains compound；
B, will by efficient bacterium quantity ratio be 10：1-3：2-3：4-9：4-6：1-5：2-5 liquid nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria,
The microbial bacterial agent that fusarium, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, yellow ocher streptomycete, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, saccharomycete are mixed
By culture medium prescription be glucose 45g, peptone 20g, yeast extract 10g, pH value for 5.0 culture medium at 40 DEG C cultivate
After 2d activation, Ultramicro-powder, pea pods, the molasses crushed with compound, sodium selenite, selenium ore-rock are mixed, and build heap fermentation；
C, fermentation 22-25 days after, drying, crush, mistake 100 mesh sieves, you can obtain selenium-enriched fertilizer.
Further illustrate, the sweet potato skin, Chinese violet, field pennycress, indigo naturalis, timber biological charcoal are siccative.
Further illustrate, the temperature control of the fermentation is at 30-34 DEG C.
Further illustrate, the drying parameter is：Temperature is 30-34 DEG C；Moisture content after drying is less than 8%.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, implantation methods of the invention are simple to operation, mainly during the plantation, apply selenium-enriched fertilizer and foliar fertilizer promotes
Sweet potato absorbs selenium element so that the Organic Selenium contained in sweet potato reaches 25.61 μ g/kg or so, uses the present invention's compared to no
The sweet potato Organic Selenium that the implantation methods of selenium-enriched fertilizer and foliar fertilizer are obtained is 5.2 μ g/kg or so, and both have significant difference, selenium
Content improves 4 times or so.
2nd, the selenium-enriched fertilizer in the present invention using be to be fermented rich in the plant that has a large amount of selenium elements, addition in raw material
Microbial bacterial agent there is good heat-resisting property, during heap fermentation is being built can double propagation, be more conducive to build heap and ferment to fill
The material nutrient divided in release raw material, during the fermentation can discharge the selenium element in plant, the selenium element of release will more
Good is absorbed by root system of plant.Second：In the raw material utilized, have regulation immune containing more saponin material in sweet potato skin
Etc. beneficial effect, plant absorption is stored after utilizing, and after consumption, can be absorbed by animal；It is rich in timber biological charcoal
There is selenium element, selenium element content can be increased and be absorbed and used by plants；Chinese violet, field pennycress, indigo naturalis are both containing substantial amounts of fibre
Fibrillarin and organic matter, have antibacterial action containing some compositions again, and the antimicrobial component that every kind of material contains is different, antimicrobial component
Species it is different, how much differences of antimicrobial component content, so the mechanism of action for playing antibacterial is different, the species of antibacterial is different,
After these materials are integrated, absorbed, can be comprehensively utilized in the different types of germ of resistance, three kinds of materials by comprehensive plant
The antimicrobial component contained, can mutually excite weaker antibacterial portion, fully play a part of strengthening antibacterial, after sweet potato absorbs, occur
The probability of disease is substantially reduced.
3rd, the selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer in the present invention, substantial amounts of selenium element is contained in sodium selenite, by with caproic acid lignocaine
After the mixing of ethanol fat, radiation extraction is carried out with ultraviolet light, the extract solution rich in selenium element is obtained, allicin, niacinamide can promote
The absorption of somatomedin, and with certain sterilization antibacterial action, soya-bean polypeptides can supplement plant growth institute with gibberellin
The nutrient needed, polyethylene glycol hydrocarbyl ether increases adhesion strength and extension of the foliar fertilizer on plant leaf blade with niacinamide hybrid energy
Power.
【Embodiment】
Embodiment 1
1. selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer is prepared by lower section method：
S1, in parts by weight, weighs raw material, 3 parts of gibberellin, 1 part of soya-bean polypeptides, 1 part of allicin, polyethylene glycol hydrocarbon
1 part of base ether, 1 part of niacinamide, 1 part of sodium selenite, 5 parts of hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat, 100 parts of water；
S2, by sodium selenite clean, drying after crush, cross 100 mesh sieves, then mixed with hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat,
Place into isometric water, be placed under ultraviolet light and irradiate 2h, finally filter to take supernatant, it is stand-by；
S3, by gibberellin, allicin, polyethylene glycol hydrocarbyl ether, niacinamide, the supernatant that step (1) is obtained, surplus water
Mixing can obtain selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer.
2. selenium-enriched fertilizer is prepared by following methods：
A, by efficient bacterium quantity ratio be 10：1：2：4：4：1：2 liquid nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, fusarium, the red vacation in marsh
Microbial bacterial agent that monad, yellow ocher streptomycete, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, saccharomycete are mixed, 5 parts of waste paper scrap, radix glycyrrhizae
1 part of leaf, 1 part of the Ultramicro-powder of selenium ore-rock crushing, 1 part of pea pods, 5 parts of sodium selenite, 5 parts of timber biological charcoal, 0.05 part of molasses, purple
1 part of Chinese violet of flower, 3 parts of field pennycress, 1 part of indigo naturalis, 1 part of sweet potato skin；Wherein, sweet potato skin, Chinese violet, field pennycress, indigo naturalis, timber life
Thing charcoal is siccative；
B, by sweet potato skin, Chinese violet, field pennycress, indigo naturalis, timber biological charcoal, waste paper scrap, Leaves of Glycyrrhiza Uralensis Fisch crush, cross 10 mesh
Sieve, obtains compound；
C, by microbial bacterial agent by culture medium prescription be glucose 45g, peptone 20g, yeast extract 10g, pH value is 5.0
Culture medium at 40 DEG C cultivate 2d activation after, with compound, sodium selenite, selenium ore-rock crush Ultramicro-powder, pea pods, sugar
Honey mixing, builds heap temperature control and is fermented at 35 DEG C；
D, fermentation 22 days after, in temperature be 35 DEG C dried to material moisture content be less than 8%, crush, 100 mesh
Sieve, you can obtain selenium-enriched fertilizer.
3. the selenium-enriched fertilizer prepared, selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer are used to plant selenium-enriched sweet potato, comprise the following steps
(1) pre-process and treat kind of a soil：Determination of Selenium is carried out to soil, then deep ploughed once, then add base manure and selenium-rich
Fertilizer, is then deep ploughed once again, after base manure and selenium-enriched fertilizer are mixed with soil, and soil is ploughed out into the high alleys of a plurality of 30cm,
Dug out on alley, the base manure of application and the amount of selenium-enriched fertilizer are respectively 80kg/ mus, 20kg/ mus；
Wherein, base manure is potassium sulfate, and urea, borax, sodium dihydrogen phosphate are according to 2:3:1:2 volume ratio is mixed；
(2) breeding：It will be of moderate size, unnotched sweet potato kind is put into the limewash that mass concentration is 3% and soaks 28h,
The temperature of immersion is 25 DEG C, then carries out greenhouse breeding；
(3) it is colonized seedling：The seedling length that breeding is obtained into seedling starts to win seedling transplanting to the ground of step (1) to 10cm
30cm, which is spaced, on ridge, on alley is colonized one plant of seedling；
(4) field management：Field planting starts to impose foliar fertilizer, every mu of spray 200kg after 3 months, and is sprayed at interval of 20 days
Once；
(5) harvest：Start to harvest sweet potato behind five month after field planting, do not spray foliar fertilizer within 20 days before harvesting.
Embodiment 2：
1. selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer is prepared by lower section method：
S1, in parts by weight, weighs raw material, 5 parts of gibberellin, 3 parts of soya-bean polypeptides, 3 parts of allicin, polyethylene glycol hydrocarbon
2 parts of base ether, 2 parts of niacinamide, 3 parts of sodium selenite, 8 parts of hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat, 500 parts of water；
S2, by sodium selenite clean, drying after crush, cross 100 mesh sieves, then mixed with hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat,
Place into isometric water, be placed under ultraviolet light and irradiate 4h, finally filter to take supernatant, it is stand-by；
S3, by gibberellin, allicin, polyethylene glycol hydrocarbyl ether, niacinamide, the supernatant that step (1) is obtained, surplus water
Mixing can obtain selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer.
2. selenium-enriched fertilizer is prepared by following methods：
A, by efficient bacterium quantity ratio be 10：2：3：5：5：3：3 liquid nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, fusarium, the red vacation in marsh
Microbial bacterial agent that monad, yellow ocher streptomycete, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, saccharomycete are mixed, 6 parts of waste paper scrap, radix glycyrrhizae
6 parts of leaf, 3 parts of the Ultramicro-powder of selenium ore-rock crushing, 3 parts of pea pods, 7 parts of sodium selenite, 8 parts of timber biological charcoal, 0.06 part of molasses, purple
3 parts of Chinese violet of flower, 6 parts of field pennycress, 2 parts of indigo naturalis, 3 parts of sweet potato skin；Wherein, sweet potato skin, Chinese violet, field pennycress, indigo naturalis, timber life
Thing charcoal is siccative；
B, by sweet potato skin, Chinese violet, field pennycress, indigo naturalis, timber biological charcoal, waste paper scrap, Leaves of Glycyrrhiza Uralensis Fisch crush, cross 10 mesh
Sieve, obtains compound；
C, by microbial bacterial agent by culture medium prescription be glucose 45g, peptone 20g, yeast extract 10g, pH value is 5.0
Culture medium at 40 DEG C cultivate 2d activation after, with compound, sodium selenite, selenium ore-rock crush Ultramicro-powder, pea pods, sugar
Honey mixing, builds heap temperature control and is fermented at 38 DEG C；
D, fermentation 25 days after, in temperature be 38 DEG C dried to material moisture content be less than 8%, crush, 100 mesh
Sieve, you can obtain selenium-enriched fertilizer.
3. the selenium-enriched fertilizer prepared, selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer are used to plant selenium-enriched sweet potato, comprise the following steps
(1) pre-process and treat kind of a soil：Determination of Selenium is carried out to soil, then deep ploughed once, then add base manure and selenium-rich
Fertilizer, is then deep ploughed once again, after base manure and selenium-enriched fertilizer are mixed with soil, and soil is ploughed out into the high alleys of a plurality of 50cm,
Dug out on alley, the base manure of application and the amount of selenium-enriched fertilizer are respectively 100kg/ mus, 30kg/ mus；
Wherein, base manure is potassium sulfate, and urea, borax, sodium dihydrogen phosphate are according to 2:3:1:2 volume ratio is mixed；
(2) breeding：It will be of moderate size, unnotched sweet potato kind is put into the limewash that mass concentration is 4% and soaks 48h,
The temperature of immersion is 28 DEG C, then carries out greenhouse breeding；
(3) it is colonized seedling：The seedling length that breeding is obtained into seedling starts to win seedling transplanting to the ground of step (1) to 15cm
40cm, which is spaced, on ridge, on alley is colonized one plant of seedling；
(4) field management：Field planting starts to impose foliar fertilizer, every mu of spray 250kg after 3 months, and is sprayed at interval of 20 days
Once；
(5) harvest：Start to harvest sweet potato behind five month after field planting, do not spray foliar fertilizer within 20 days before harvesting.
Embodiment 3：
1. selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer is prepared by lower section method：
S1, in parts by weight, weighs raw material, 4 parts of gibberellin, 2 parts of soya-bean polypeptides, 2 parts of allicin, polyethylene glycol hydrocarbon
1.2 parts of base ether, 1.5 parts of niacinamide, 2 parts of sodium selenite, 6 parts of hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat, 350 parts of water；
S2, by sodium selenite clean, drying after crush, cross 100 mesh sieves, then mixed with hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat,
Place into isometric water, be placed under ultraviolet light and irradiate 3h, finally filter to take supernatant, it is stand-by；
S3, by gibberellin, allicin, polyethylene glycol hydrocarbyl ether, niacinamide, the supernatant that step (1) is obtained, surplus water
Mixing can obtain selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer.
2. selenium-enriched fertilizer is prepared by following methods：
A, by efficient bacterium quantity ratio be 10：3：3：9：6：4：4 liquid nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, fusarium, the red vacation in marsh
Microbial bacterial agent that monad, yellow ocher streptomycete, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, saccharomycete are mixed, 8 parts of waste paper scrap, radix glycyrrhizae
8 parts of leaf, 5 parts of Ultramicro-powder, 5 parts of pea pods, 6 parts of sodium selenite, 8 parts of timber biological charcoal, the Se-enriched yeast 0.7 of the crushing of selenium ore-rock
Part, 0.07 part of molasses, 3 parts of Chinese violet, 5 parts of field pennycress, 2 parts of indigo naturalis, 3 parts of sweet potato skin；Wherein, sweet potato skin, Chinese violet, lose
Sauce grass, indigo naturalis, timber biological charcoal are siccative；
B, by sweet potato skin, Chinese violet, field pennycress, indigo naturalis, timber biological charcoal, waste paper scrap, Leaves of Glycyrrhiza Uralensis Fisch crush, cross 10 mesh
Sieve, obtains compound；
C, by microbial bacterial agent by culture medium prescription be glucose 45g, peptone 20g, yeast extract 10g, pH value is 5.0
Culture medium at 40 DEG C cultivate 2d activation after, with compound, sodium selenite, selenium ore-rock crush Ultramicro-powder, pea pods, sugar
Honey mixing, builds heap temperature control and is fermented at 37 DEG C；
D, fermentation 23 days after, in temperature be 36 DEG C dried to material moisture content be less than 8%, crush, 100 mesh
Sieve, you can obtain selenium-enriched fertilizer.
3. the selenium-enriched fertilizer prepared, selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer are used to plant selenium-enriched sweet potato, comprise the following steps
(1) pre-process and treat kind of a soil：Determination of Selenium is carried out to soil, then deep ploughed once, then add base manure and selenium-rich
Fertilizer, is then deep ploughed once again, after base manure and selenium-enriched fertilizer are mixed with soil, and soil is ploughed out into the high alleys of a plurality of 40cm,
Dug out on alley, the base manure of application and the amount of selenium-enriched fertilizer are respectively 90kg/ mus, 25kg/ mus；
Wherein, base manure is potassium sulfate, and urea, borax, sodium dihydrogen phosphate are according to 2:3:1:2 volume ratio is mixed；
(2) breeding：It will be of moderate size, unnotched sweet potato kind is put into the limewash that mass concentration is 5% and soaks 32h,
The temperature of immersion is 27 DEG C, then carries out greenhouse breeding；
(3) it is colonized seedling：The seedling length that breeding is obtained into seedling starts to win seedling transplanting to the ground of step (1) to 12cm
35cm, which is spaced, on ridge, on alley is colonized one plant of seedling；
(4) field management：Field planting starts to impose foliar fertilizer, every mu of spray 225kg after 3 months, and is sprayed at interval of 20 days
Once；
(5) harvest：Start to harvest sweet potato behind five month after field planting, do not spray foliar fertilizer within 20 days before harvesting.
Embodiment 4：
Raw material, implantation methods and embodiment 3 are essentially identical, and difference is to be not added with field pennycress.
Embodiment 5：
Raw material, implantation methods and embodiment 3 are essentially identical, and difference is to be not added with indigo naturalis.
Embodiment 6：
Raw material, implantation methods and embodiment 3 are essentially identical, and difference is to be not added with indigo naturalis, field pennycress.
Embodiment 7：
Raw material, implantation methods and embodiment 3 are essentially identical, and difference is to be not added with microbial bacterial agent.
Embodiment 8：
Raw material, implantation methods and embodiment 3 are essentially identical, and difference is that the foliar fertilizer applied is that Xin Ruikangmu dilution factors are
1000 times of administrations.
Compliance test result：One mu of sweet potato of plantation is respectively carried out with embodiment 1-7 implantation methods, positioned at so-and-so agriculture garden of Luchuan,
Height above sea level and soil property fertility are close, and other field management are identical, from plantation to harvesting, by following detection and statistics, are specifically shown in
Following table：
Table 1
| Project | Organic selenium content μ g/kg | Occurs the number of times of disease |
| Embodiment 1 | 22.01 | 0 |
| Embodiment 2 | 22.45 | 0 |
| Embodiment 3 | 22.45 | 0 |
| Embodiment 4 | 17.03 | 0 |
| Embodiment 5 | 16.50 | 1 |
| Embodiment 6 | 15.22 | 1 |
| Embodiment 7 | 13.18 | 2 |
| Embodiment 8 | 5.2μg/kg | 6 |
Form more than, the sweet potato organic selenium content obtained using the implantation methods of the application is substantially made than not
It is high with the selenium-enriched fertilizer and selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer of the application, there is significant difference, and also have very using the foliar fertilizer of the application
Good antibacterial ability, also with good expansion force and bonding force, can preferably be adsorbed on the blade of ipomoea batatas seedling, so can be more
Good is absorbed by sweet potato, promotes sweet potato to fully absorb selenium element.
Described above is the detailed description for the present invention preferably possible embodiments, but embodiment is not limited to this hair
The equal change or modification change completed under bright patent claim, the technical spirit suggested by all present invention, all should belong to
Cover the scope of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of high-yield planting method of selenium-enriched sweet potato, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps
(1) pre-process and treat kind of a soil：Determination of Selenium is carried out to soil, then deep ploughed once, then adds base manure and selenium-enriched fertilizer,
Then deep plough again once, after base manure and selenium-enriched fertilizer are mixed with soil, the high alleys of a plurality of 30-50cm are ploughed into out in soil,
Dug out on alley, the base manure of application and the amount of selenium-enriched fertilizer are respectively 80-100kg/ mus, 20-30kg/ mus；
Wherein, base manure is potassium sulfate, and urea, borax, sodium dihydrogen phosphate are according to 2:3:1:2 volume ratio is mixed；
Wherein, selenium-enriched fertilizer is made including following raw material in parts by weight：It is 10 by efficient bacterium quantity ratio：1-3：2-3：
4-9：4-6：1-5：2-5 liquid nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, fusarium, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, yellow ocher streptomycete, gel-shaped
The ultra micro that microbial bacterial agent that bacillus, saccharomycete are mixed, 5-8 parts of waste paper scrap, 1-8 parts of Leaves of Glycyrrhiza Uralensis Fisch, selenium ore-rock are crushed
1-5 parts of powder, 1-5 parts of pea pods, 5-10 parts of sodium selenite, 5-10 parts of timber biological charcoal, 0.05-0.08 parts of molasses, Chinese violet
1-5 parts, 3-8 parts of field pennycress, 1-3 parts of indigo naturalis, 1-5 parts of sweet potato skin；
(2) breeding：It will be of moderate size, unnotched sweet potato kind is put into the limewash that mass concentration is 3-5% and soaks 28-48h,
The temperature of immersion is 25-28 DEG C, then carries out greenhouse breeding；
(3) it is colonized seedling：The seedling length that breeding is obtained into seedling starts to win seedling transplanting to the alley of step (1) to 10-15cm
On, 30-40cm is spaced on alley and is colonized one plant of seedling；
(4) field management：Field planting starts to impose foliar fertilizer, every mu of spray 200-250kg after 3 months, and is sprayed at interval of 20 days
Once；
(5) harvest：Start to harvest sweet potato behind five month after field planting, do not spray foliar fertilizer within 20 days before harvesting.
2. the high-yield planting method of a kind of selenium-enriched sweet potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the foliar fertilizer is richness
Selenium foliar fertilizer；The selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer is made including following raw material in parts by weight：3-5 parts of gibberellin, soya-bean polypeptides 1-3
Part, 1-3 parts of allicin, 1-2 parts of polyethylene glycol hydrocarbyl ether, 1-2 parts of niacinamide, 1-3 parts of sodium selenite, hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol
5-8 parts of fat, 100-500 parts of water.
3. a kind of high-yield planting method of selenium-enriched sweet potato according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer
It is to be prepared by lower section method：
S1, in parts by weight, weighs raw material；
S2, by sodium selenite clean, drying after crush, cross 100 mesh sieves, then mixed with hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat, then put
Enter in isometric water, be placed under ultraviolet light and irradiate 2-4h, finally filter to take supernatant, it is stand-by；
S3, the water mixing by gibberellin, allicin, polyethylene glycol hydrocarbyl ether, niacinamide, the supernatant that step (1) is obtained, surplus
It can obtain selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer.
4. a kind of high-yield planting method of selenium-enriched sweet potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the selenium-enriched fertilizer is
Prepared by following methods：
A, by sweet potato skin, Chinese violet, field pennycress, indigo naturalis, timber biological charcoal, waste paper scrap, Leaves of Glycyrrhiza Uralensis Fisch crush, cross 10 mesh sieves, obtain
To compound；
B, will by efficient bacterium quantity ratio be 10：1-3：2-3：4-9：4-6：1-5：2-5 liquid nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria, honest and clean knife
The microbial bacterial agent that bacterium, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, yellow ocher streptomycete, bacillusmusilaginosiengineering, saccharomycete are mixed passes through
Culture medium prescription be glucose 45g, peptone 20g, yeast extract 10g, pH value for 5.0 culture medium at 40 DEG C cultivate 2d live
After change, Ultramicro-powder, pea pods, the molasses crushed with compound, sodium selenite, selenium ore-rock are mixed, and build heap fermentation；
C, fermentation 22-25 days after, drying, crush, mistake 100 mesh sieves, you can obtain selenium-enriched fertilizer.
5. the high-yield planting method of a kind of selenium-enriched sweet potato according to claim 1-4 any one, it is characterised in that described
Sweet potato skin, Chinese violet, field pennycress, indigo naturalis, timber biological charcoal are siccative.
6. a kind of high-yield planting method of selenium-enriched sweet potato according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the temperature of the fermentation
Control is at 30-34 DEG C.
7. a kind of high-yield planting method of selenium-enriched sweet potato according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the drying parameter
It is：Temperature is 30-34 DEG C；Moisture content after drying is less than 8%.
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