CN107207259A - 旋涂硬掩膜材料 - Google Patents
旋涂硬掩膜材料 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107207259A CN107207259A CN201580054194.6A CN201580054194A CN107207259A CN 107207259 A CN107207259 A CN 107207259A CN 201580054194 A CN201580054194 A CN 201580054194A CN 107207259 A CN107207259 A CN 107207259A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- sulfonic acid
- resin
- organic sulfonic
- composition
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 26
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical compound C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 229910003472 fullerene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- -1 methyl glycoluril Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- VXHYVVAUHMGCEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxyphenoxy)phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC=C1O VXHYVVAUHMGCEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bisphenol A Natural products C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon disulfide Chemical compound S=C=S QGJOPFRUJISHPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical group CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anisole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1 RDOXTESZEPMUJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)O LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylguanidine Chemical compound CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- URLKBWYHVLBVBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Para-Xylene Chemical group CC1=CC=C(C)C=C1 URLKBWYHVLBVBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- IVSZLXZYQVIEFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-xylene Chemical group CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1 IVSZLXZYQVIEFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- YCWSUKQGVSGXJO-NTUHNPAUSA-N nifuroxazide Chemical group C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(=O)N\N=C\C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)O1 YCWSUKQGVSGXJO-NTUHNPAUSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- LLHWSBXZXJXVPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-(2-methylphenyl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 LLHWSBXZXJXVPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940116333 ethyl lactate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxybenzene Substances CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ZPQOPVIELGIULI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1 ZPQOPVIELGIULI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CTRPRMNBTVRDFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-n-methyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound CNC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 CTRPRMNBTVRDFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000028419 Styrax benzoin Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000000126 Styrax benzoin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000008411 Sumatra benzointree Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002130 benzoin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N desyl alcohol Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1C(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019382 gum benzoic Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 19
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 125000005409 triarylsulfonium group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- LMWMTSCFTPQVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O LMWMTSCFTPQVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004816 dichlorobenzenes Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- XKJCHHZQLQNZHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalimide Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1 XKJCHHZQLQNZHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003459 sulfonic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005829 trimerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 49
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 27
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 20
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 16
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 125000003866 trichloromethyl group Chemical group ClC(Cl)(Cl)* 0.000 description 14
- 125000000219 ethylidene group Chemical group [H]C(=[*])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 13
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 12
- ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropan-2-ol Chemical group COCC(C)O ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde Natural products O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 6
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000000325 methylidene group Chemical group [H]C([H])=* 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000000059 patterning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 5
- CWQZLVPKEVXEOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(tribromomethyl)-1,3,5-triazine Chemical class BrC(Br)(Br)C1=NC=NC=N1 CWQZLVPKEVXEOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QTUVQQKHBMGYEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(trichloromethyl)-1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)C1=NC=NC=N1 QTUVQQKHBMGYEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KJRRQXYWFQKJIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylfuran Chemical class CC=1C=COC=1 KJRRQXYWFQKJIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycidol Chemical compound OCC1CO1 CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000004464 hydroxyphenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- 238000001314 profilometry Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000644 propagated effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- RVCKCEDKBVEEHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,5,6-pentachlorobenzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1Cl RVCKCEDKBVEEHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004203 4-hydroxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]OC1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- WVWLBDSHJFOBNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-fluoren-9-ylidene-N-phenylcyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-amine Chemical class C1=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3C(C1=2)=C1C(C=CC=C1)NC1=CC=CC=C1 WVWLBDSHJFOBNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003184 C60 fullerene group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MCEWYIDBDVPMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N [60]pcbm Chemical compound C123C(C4=C5C6=C7C8=C9C%10=C%11C%12=C%13C%14=C%15C%16=C%17C%18=C(C=%19C=%20C%18=C%18C%16=C%13C%13=C%11C9=C9C7=C(C=%20C9=C%13%18)C(C7=%19)=C96)C6=C%11C%17=C%15C%13=C%15C%14=C%12C%12=C%10C%10=C85)=C9C7=C6C2=C%11C%13=C2C%15=C%12C%10=C4C23C1(CCCC(=O)OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 MCEWYIDBDVPMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229940106691 bisphenol a Drugs 0.000 description 3
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical class ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000572 ellipsometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000002381 plasma Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 229920003209 poly(hydridosilsesquioxane) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O sulfonium Chemical compound [SH3+] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 3
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000000182 1,3,5-triazines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- UAJRSHJHFRVGMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenyl-4-methoxybenzene Chemical class COC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 UAJRSHJHFRVGMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001637 1-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- SEYQGVYTVHINPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethoxyfuran Chemical class COC=1C=COC=1OC SEYQGVYTVHINPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VQKFNUFAXTZWDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Methylfuran Chemical class CC1=CC=CO1 VQKFNUFAXTZWDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLLIQLLCWZCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyethyl acetate Chemical compound COCCOC(C)=O XLLIQLLCWZCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylphenol;3-methylphenol;4-methylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1.CC1=CC=CC=C1O QTWJRLJHJPIABL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001614291 Anoplistes Species 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-K Arsenate3- Chemical compound [O-][As]([O-])([O-])=O DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001334 alicyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004390 alkyl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-methacrylic acid Natural products CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940000489 arsenate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzoate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000005997 bromomethyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930003836 cresol Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- JXTHNDFMNIQAHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)Cl JXTHNDFMNIQAHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013020 final formulation Substances 0.000 description 2
- VPVSTMAPERLKKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycoluril Chemical compound N1C(=O)NC2NC(=O)NC21 VPVSTMAPERLKKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960003132 halothane Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical group C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000006254 rheological additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003342 selenium Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- AAAQKTZKLRYKHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylmethane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 AAAQKTZKLRYKHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MIOPJNTWMNEORI-GMSGAONNSA-N (S)-camphorsulfonic acid Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(CS(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C MIOPJNTWMNEORI-GMSGAONNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NSGXIBWMJZWTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CC(F)(F)F NSGXIBWMJZWTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JGTNAGYHADQMCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F JGTNAGYHADQMCM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VZXTWGWHSMCWGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound NC1=NC=NC(N)=N1 VZXTWGWHSMCWGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
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- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/002—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials the substrate being rotated
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- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
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- B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
- B05D3/0254—After-treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D163/00—Coating compositions based on epoxy resins; Coating compositions based on derivatives of epoxy resins
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D177/00—Coating compositions based on polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
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- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/09—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers
- G03F7/11—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers having cover layers or intermediate layers, e.g. subbing layers
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- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
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- H01L21/02109—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates
- H01L21/02112—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer
- H01L21/02115—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the type of layer, e.g. type of material, porous/non-porous, pre-cursors, mixtures or laminates characterised by the material of the layer the material being carbon, e.g. alpha-C, diamond or hydrogen doped carbon
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- H01L21/02225—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer
- H01L21/0226—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process
- H01L21/02282—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the process for the formation of the insulating layer formation by a deposition process liquid deposition, e.g. spin-coating, sol-gel techniques, spray coating
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- H01L21/02296—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the treatment performed before or after the formation of the layer
- H01L21/02318—Forming insulating materials on a substrate characterised by the treatment performed before or after the formation of the layer post-treatment
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- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/027—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34
- H01L21/0271—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers
- H01L21/0273—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers characterised by the treatment of photoresist layers
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- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
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- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
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Abstract
本文公开并且要求保护的是用于形成旋涂硬掩膜的组合物,其具有富勒烯衍生物和交联剂。还公开了用于形成硬掩膜的工艺。
Description
发明领域
本专利申请是在用于半导体制造的成像的领域中并且更具体地是在使用旋涂(spin-on)制剂的蚀刻掩蔽(etch masking)的领域中。
背景
半导体装置的最小特征尺寸继续收缩以能够增加装置密度。实现这样的高密度图案化(patterning)的一种方法是使用薄的光致抗蚀剂膜以缓解问题:在显影之后高纵横比抗蚀剂(resist)特征的此类图案塌陷(pattern collapse)。该问题的一种可能的解决方案包括使用高分辨率、高灵敏度和高蚀刻耐久性(etch durability)的富勒烯抗蚀剂(fullerene resist)。然而,即使由此类抗蚀剂产生的纵横比可以高达5:1,总蚀刻深度明显地受可用的抗蚀剂厚度限制。
多层硬掩膜堆叠(multilayer hard-mask stack)可以允许另外增大蚀刻的图像的纵横比。此类方法可以使用通过化学气相沉积在真空中沉积的厚的无定形碳,所述无定形碳然后涂覆有薄的富含硅的层(thin-silicon rich layer)。然后,薄的光致抗蚀剂膜足以使富含硅的层图案化;因此避免图案塌陷。富含硅的层依序被用作硬掩膜,以使碳图案化,给出适于提供用于蚀刻硅晶圆的掩膜的高纵横比碳图案。通过从富含硅的材料至富含碳的材料交替(并且反之亦然),可以完成各种基底的总蚀刻选择性的优化。
近年来,气相沉积的材料已经被旋涂蚀刻掩膜(spin-on etch mask)替代。例如,如van Delft等人,J.Vac.Sci.Technol.B,18(2000)3419所报告的,酚醛清漆-氢基倍半硅氧烷(HSQ)双层堆叠(novolak-hydrido silsesquioxane(HSQ)bilayer stack)被用于实现具有3.25:1的纵横比的40nm半节距分辨率(half-pitch resolution)以及具有20:1的纵横比的分离的40nm线。然而,下方的HSQ层的基于氟的蚀刻导致图案化的酚醛清漆特征的膨胀,导致波状畸变(wave-like distortion)。
因此,对于旋涂硬掩膜材料(spin-on hard-mask material)仍存在需求,该旋涂硬掩膜材料经得起下方的层的基于氟的蚀刻而不畸变,使得可以产生高分辨率图案。
附图简述
图1图示用于使用旋涂硬掩膜产生高纵横比、高分辨率特征的工艺。
图2图示用本文描述的材料形成硬掩膜、加热膜并且进行溶剂浸泡(solventsoak)的结果。
图3示出根据在图1中陈述的方案被蚀刻到约100nm的碳中的25nm线和空间。
附图详述
图1示出用于使用旋涂硬掩膜产生高纵横比、高分辨率特征的工艺。在此实施方案中,初始堆叠(initial stack)1是基底;所述基底上已经被涂覆旋涂硬掩膜、富含硅的层和光致抗蚀剂。平版印刷步骤2使光致抗蚀剂图案化。在方案3中,图案化的光致抗蚀剂充当用于富含硅的层的蚀刻掩膜,所述蚀刻掩膜依序充当用于下方的旋涂硬掩膜层4的蚀刻掩膜。然后,硬掩膜层被用作用于基底5的蚀刻掩膜并且富含硅的层可以如所描绘的被蚀刻或可以需要单独的蚀刻步骤。最后,氧蚀刻(oxygen etch)被用于除去旋涂硬掩膜6。在图1中示出的实施方案仅是用于说明的一个实施例并且不意图是限制性的。例如,包含硅的光敏组合物可以被利用以替代被布置在富含硅的层上的光致抗蚀剂。
图2示出用本文描述的材料形成硬掩膜、加热膜并且进行溶剂浸泡的结果。具体地,来自实施例2和实施例3(下文描述的)的制剂被旋转涂覆至基底上并且在各种温度下被烘烤。在氯苯:异丙醇(1:1w/w)溶液中浸泡之前和之后,比较它们的厚度。转向实施例2的膜,将如在不同温度下烘烤、但不暴露于溶剂浸泡11的膜的归一化的厚度与在不同温度下烘烤的但暴露于溶剂浸泡12的相同的膜进行比较。转向实施例3的膜,将如在不同温度下烘烤的但不暴露于溶剂浸泡13的膜的归一化的厚度与在不同温度下烘烤的但暴露于溶剂浸泡14的相同的膜进行比较。
图3示出根据在图1中陈述的方案被蚀刻到约100nm的碳中的25nm线和空间。用于形成在图3中示出的图像的工艺的细节在下文被提供。
详述
如本文所使用的,连接词“和”意图是包含性的并且连接词“或”不意图是排他性的,除非另外指示。例如,措辞“或、可选择地”意图是排他性的。如本文所使用的,“脂环族”化合物是既为脂肪族的又是环状的有机化合物。脂环族化合物可以包含一个或更多个全碳环,所述全碳环可以是饱和的或不饱和的,但不具有芳香族特性。脂环族化合物可以或可以不具有附接的脂肪族侧链。如本文所使用的,术语“示例性”被用于指示实例而不一定被用于指示优选物。
本文公开并且要求保护的是用于形成旋涂硬掩膜的组合物,所述组合物包含:富勒烯衍生物,其由以下通式(I)表示
其中n是1-6的整数,Q为在富勒烯中的碳原子数,是60、70、76、78、80、82或84,R1代表第一取代基,所述第一取代基包括酯、醇、酚、胺、酰胺、酰亚胺或羧酸,并且R2代表第二取代基,所述第二取代基包括氢、卤素、C6-C20芳基、C1-C20烷基、酯、醇、酚、胺、酰胺、酰亚胺或羧酸;以及交联剂,其包含两种或更多种热反应性基团或催化反应性基团(thermally orcatalytically reactive group)。
本文还公开并且要求保护的是用于形成上文实施方案的旋涂硬掩膜的组合物,所述组合物还包含热致酸发生剂(thermal acid generator)。
本文还公开并且要求保护的是用于形成上文实施方案的旋涂硬掩膜的组合物,所述组合物还包含光致酸发生剂(photoacid generator)。
本文还公开且要求保护的是用于形成上文实施方案的旋涂硬掩膜的组合物,所述组合物还包含溶剂,例如聚乙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯(polyethylene glycol monomethylether acetate)、乳酸乙酯、茴香醚、甲苯、氯仿、氯苯、邻二氯苯、间二氯苯、对二氯苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯、对二甲苯、二硫化碳或其组合。
本文还公开且要求保护的是用于形成上文实施方案的旋涂硬掩膜的组合物,其中该组合物包含不同尺寸的多于一种富勒烯材料,富勒烯中的一种是C60富勒烯并且另一种是C70富勒烯。
本文还公开且要求保护的是用于形成上文实施方案的旋涂硬掩膜的组合物,其中该组合物包含多于这两种富勒烯,例如其可以包含基于C76、C78、C80、C82或C84富勒烯分子的一种或更多种另外尺寸的富勒烯。
本文还公开且要求保护的是用于形成上文实施方案的旋涂硬掩膜的组合物,其中该组合物包含被富勒烯上的一个或更多个取代基例如在1个和6个之间的取代基取代的富勒烯。
本文还公开且要求保护的是用于形成上文实施方案的旋涂硬掩膜的组合物,其中该组合物包含被一个或更多个取代基取代的富勒烯,所述取代基是羧酸。
本文还公开且要求保护的是用于形成上文实施方案的旋涂硬掩膜的组合物,其中该组合物包含交联剂,所述交联剂是胺,诸如例如苯胺。交联剂的某些可以包含2种或更多种胺,例如二苯胺,并且可以在芳香族骨架上被取代。例如,交联剂可以是如本文所描述的芴二苯胺(fluorene dianiline)(4,4’(9-亚芴基)二苯胺)或三苯基甲烷胺(triphenylmethane amine)。其他交联剂包括聚芳香族胺(polyaromatic amine)。
本文还公开且要求保护的是用于形成旋涂硬掩膜的工艺,所述工艺包括:提供上文实施方案中的任一个的组合物,包括以下步骤:在基底上形成涂层;以及在足以使涂层交联的温度下加热基底和涂层。
通式(I)是具有1-6个亚甲基(methano group)的衍生化的富勒烯分子的表示。富勒烯可以具有不同的同素异形体,包括如在(II)中所示出的C60、C70、C76、C78、C80、C82和C84,指示笼形结构但不键合。在某些情况下,不同的同素异形体可以具有相同的碳的数目。
根据本文公开的主题,富勒烯可以越过双键被亚甲基取代以形成三元环。在一种实施方案中,亚甲基越过其中两个6元环相遇的顶点桥接,以形成所谓的[6,6]桥,如在(III)中所示出的(后方的碳未示出)。在另一种实施方案中,通过亚甲基的开环[6,5]取代可以获得,以形成开环富勒烯衍生物(fulleroid)结构。然而,在某些情况下,开环[6,5]的开环富勒烯衍生物结构可以在加热之后重排成[6,6]桥接的富勒烯结构。用于亚甲基富勒烯(methanofullerene)的合成技术是本领域中已知的,例如在Fukashi等人,BeilsteinJ.Org.Chem.(2008),4,第33期doi:10.3762/bjoc.4.33,和Hummelen等人,Org.Chem.(1995),60,532–538中。
根据本文公开的主题,交联剂可以选自环氧酚酚醛清漆树脂(epoxy phenolicnovolak resin)、环氧甲酚酚醛清漆树脂(epoxy cresylic novolak resin)、环氧双酚A树脂(epoxy bisphenol A resin)、环氧双酚酚醛清漆树脂(epoxy bisphenol novolakresin)、烷醇甲基三聚氰胺树脂(alkylolmethyl melamine resin)、烷醇甲基甘脲树脂(alkylolmethyl glycoluril resin)、烷醇甲基胍胺树脂(alkylolmethyl guanamineresin)、烷醇甲基苯并胍胺树脂(alkylomethyl benzo-buanamine resin)、糖基脲树脂(glycosyl urea resin)或异氰酸酯树脂(isocyanates resin)。交联剂还可以衍生自胺或苯胺或其他含氮材料。氮交联剂(nitrogen crosslinker)可以包含2种或更多种官能的胺、苯胺、或其他含氮官能团。
合适的基于胺的交联剂包括由Cytec of West Paterson,N.J.制造的三聚氰胺,例如CYMELTM 300、CYMELTM 301、CYMELTM 303、CYMELTM 350、CYMELTM 370、CYMELTM 380、CYMELTM 1116和CYMELTM 1130;苯并胍胺树脂,例如CYMELTM 1123和CYMELTM 1125;甘脲树脂CYMELTM 1170、CYMELTM 1171和CYMELTM 1172;以及另外可购自Cytec,West Paterson,N.J.的基于脲的树脂,BEETLETM 60、BEETLETM 65和BEETLETM 80。许多类似的基于胺的化合物或酰氨基塑料(amidoplast)化合物可商购自不同的供应商。
环氧酚和甲酚酚醛清漆树脂在(IV)中被示出,其中X可以是H、CH3并且n可以是0-20。环氧双酚A树脂在理想化的结构(V)中被示出,其中n可以是0-20。环氧双酚Z树脂在理想化的结构(VI)中被示出,其中n可以是0-20。类似的“环氧双酚”交联剂被预期。例如,可以使用基于以下的二缩水甘油醚的树脂:1,1-双(4-羟基苯基)-1-苯基-乙烷、2,2-双(4-羟基苯基)六氟丙烷、2,2-双(4-羟基苯基)丁烷、双-(4-羟基苯基)二苯基甲烷、2,2-双(3-甲基-4-羟基苯基)丙烷、双-(4-羟基苯基)-2,2-二氯乙烯、1,1-双(4-羟基苯基)乙烷、双(4-羟基二苯基)甲烷、2,2-双(4-羟基-3-异丙基-苯基)丙烷、1,3-双(2-(4-羟基苯基)-2-丙基)苯、双(4-羟基苯基)砜、1,4-双(2-(4-羟基苯基)-2-丙基)苯、5,5’-(1-甲基亚乙基)-双[1,1’-(双苯基)-2-醇]丙烷、1,1-双(4-羟基苯基)-3,3,5-三甲基-环己烷以及与前述中的任一种的组合。
其他合适的交联剂包括多官能胺和多官能苯胺,诸如例如4,4’(9亚芴基)二苯胺、三苯氨基-甲烷(trianilino-methane)和聚芳香族被多取代的胺(polyaromatic multi-substituted amines)。
根据本文公开的主题,合适的热致酸发生剂可以包括有机磺酸的烷基酯、有机磺酸的脂环族酯、有机磺酸的胺盐、有机磺酸的2-硝基苄酯、有机磺酸的4-硝基苄酯、有机磺酸的安息香酯、有机磺酸的β-羟基烷基酯、有机磺酸的β-羟基环烷基酯、有机磺酸的三芳基锍盐、有机磺酸的烷基二芳基锍盐、有机磺酸的二烷基芳基锍盐、有机磺酸的三烷基锍盐、有机磺酸的二芳基碘鎓盐、有机磺酸的烷基芳基锍盐或三(有机磺酰基)甲基化物的铵盐。
鎓盐包含阳离子和阴离子。鎓盐的示例性阳离子包括三芳基锍、烷基二芳基锍、二烷基芳基锍、三烷基锍、二芳基碘鎓、烷基芳基碘鎓、二烷基碘鎓、三芳基硒鎓盐(triarylselenonium)、烷基二芳基硒鎓盐、二烷基芳基硒鎓盐、三烷基硒鎓盐。在无限制的情况下,鎓盐中的阳离子的特定实例包括三苯基锍、三(对甲苯基)锍、1,4-亚苯基双(二苯基锍)(具有+2的电荷)、二苯基碘鎓以及双(4-叔丁基苯基)碘鎓。
另外,在无限制的情况下,鎓盐中的示例性阴离子包括卤化物、PF6 -、AsF6 -、SbF6 -、SbCl6 -和BF4 -。此外,在无限制的情况下,可以使用基于含氧酸的阴离子。在这些阴离子中的是C1-C10全氟烷磺酸根,例如三氟甲烷磺酸根、全氟丁烷磺酸根和全氟辛烷磺酸根;C1-C18直链的、支链的和脂环族烷磺酸根,例如十二烷磺酸根、甲烷磺酸根和樟脑磺酸根;C1-C18芳香族的且被取代的芳香族磺酸根,例如甲苯磺酸根和十二烷基苯磺酸根;C1-C18氟化的芳基磺酸根,例如三氟甲基苯磺酸根、五氟苯磺酸根及类似物;C1-C18羧酸根和卤代的羧酸根,例如苯甲酸根、乙酸根、氯乙酸根、二氯乙酸根、三氯乙酸根、三氟乙酸根、全氟戊酸根、五氟丙酸根、全氟辛酸根、全氟苯甲酸根及类似物。另外,在无限制的情况下,合适的阴离子包括C1-C20三(烷磺酰基)甲烷化物、三(氟烷磺酰基)甲烷化物、(R3C-)、双(烷磺酰基)酰亚胺以及双(氟烷磺酰基)酰亚胺、(R2N-)、例如三(三氟甲基磺酰基)甲烷化物、双(三氟甲基磺酰基)酰亚胺及类似物。另外,在无限制的情况下,含氧酸阴离子可以被结合至聚合物,使得从硬掩膜材料出来的酸扩散可以受限制。在这些中的是聚合物酸,例如聚(乙烯基磺酸盐)、聚(苯乙烯-4-磺酸盐)、聚(四氟乙烯-共-1,1,2,2-四氟-2-(1,2,2-三氟乙烯基氧基)乙烷磺酸盐)、聚((甲基)丙烯酸)及类似物。此外,磺化的和氟磺化的(甲基)丙烯酸单体可以并入多种聚合物中。应理解,含氧酸阴离子可以包含其他元素例如Se、P、As、Sb以形成硒酸盐、磷酸盐、砷酸盐、锑酸盐及类似物。酯型的热致酸发生剂可以包括例如前述含氧酸阴离子中的任一种以形成羧酸酯、磺酸酯、硒酸酯、磷酸酯、砷酸酯和锑酸酯。
另外,在无限制的情况下,酯型和鎓型热致酸发生剂可以被用作在其中光致酸发生剂吸收可以充当来自硬掩膜组合物的其他组分的电子接受体的电磁辐射的波长下的光致酸发生剂。此外,可以使用三嗪型光致酸发生剂。合适的卤代的三嗪包括卤代甲基-s-三嗪。合适的卤代的三嗪包括,例如,2-[1-(3,4-苯并间二氧杂环戊烯基)]-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-1,2,5-三嗪(2-[1-(3,4-benzodioxolyl)]-4,6-bis(trichloromethyl)-1,2,5-triazine)、2-[1-(2,3-苯并间二氧杂环戊烯基)]-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[1-(3,4-苯并间二氧杂环戊烯基)]-4,6-双(三溴甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[1-(2,3-苯并间二氧杂环戊烯基)]-4,6-双(三溴甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-呋喃基亚乙基)-4,6-双(三氯甲基)1,3,5-三嗪(2-(2-furfylethylidene)-4,6-bis(trichloromethyl)1,3,5-triazine)、2-[2-(5-甲基呋喃基)亚乙基]-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[2-(4-甲基呋喃基)亚乙基]-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[2-(3-甲基呋喃基)亚乙基]-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[2-(4,5-二甲基呋喃基)亚乙基]-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[2-(5-甲氧基呋喃基)亚乙基]-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[2-(4-甲氧基呋喃基)亚乙基]-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[2-(3-甲氧基呋喃基)亚乙基]-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[2-(4,5-二甲氧基呋喃基)亚乙基]-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-(2-呋喃基亚乙基)-4,6-双(三溴甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪(2-(2-(2-furfylethylidene)-4,6-bis(tribromomethyl)-1,3,5-triazine)、2-[2-(5-甲基呋喃基)亚乙基]-4,6-双(三溴甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[2-(4-甲基呋喃基)-亚乙基]-4,6-双(三溴甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[2-(3-甲基呋喃基)亚乙基]-4,6-双(三溴甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[2-(4,5-二甲氧基呋喃基)亚乙基]-4,6-双(三溴甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[2-(5-甲氧基呋喃基)亚乙基]-4,6-双(三溴甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[2-(4-甲氧基呋喃基)亚乙基]-4,6-双(三溴甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[2-(3-甲氧基呋喃基)亚乙基]-4,6-双(三溴甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-[2-(4,5-二甲氧基呋喃基)亚乙基]-4,6-双(三溴甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4,6-三-(三氯甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2,4,6-三-(三溴甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-苯基-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-苯基-4,6-双(三溴甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(4-甲氧基苯基)-4,6-双(三溴甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(2-(1-萘基)-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-1,3-5-三嗪、2-(1-萘基)-4,6-双(三溴甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(4-甲氧基-1-萘基)-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(4-甲氧基-1-萘基)-4,6-双(三溴甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(4-氯苯基)-4,6-双(三溴甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-苯乙烯基-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-苯乙烯基-4,6-双(三溴甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(4-甲氧基苯乙烯基)-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(4-甲氧基苯乙烯基)-4,6-双(三溴甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯乙烯基)-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2(3,4,5-三甲氧基苯乙烯基)-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(3-氯-1-苯基)-4,6-双(三氯甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪、2-(3-氯苯基)-4,6-双(三溴甲基)-1,3,5-三嗪及类似物。在本发明中有用的其他三嗪型光致酸发生剂在美国专利第5,366,846号中被公开,其通过引用并入本文。
s-三嗪化合物是某些甲基-卤代甲基-s-三嗪和某些醛或醛衍生物的缩合反应产物。此类s-三嗪化合物可以根据在美国专利第3,954,475号和Wakabayashi等人,Bulletinof the Chemical Society of Japan,42,2924-30(1969)中公开的程序来制备。
根据本文公开的主题,在要求保护的组合物中的总固体可以合适地包含1g/l至100g/l。根据本文公开的主题,在要求保护的组合物中的总固体还可以合适地包含2.5g/l至75g/l。根据本文公开的主题,在要求保护的组合物中的总固体另外还可以合适地包含5g/l至50g/l。
根据本文公开的主题,富勒烯负载(fullerene loading)可以合适地构成在组合物中的总固体的10%至90%。根据本文公开的主题,交联剂的负载(loading of thecrosslinking agent)可以合适地构成在组合物中的总固体的90%至10%。根据本文公开的主题,热致酸发生剂的负载(loading of the thermal acid generator)可以合适地构成在组合物中的总固体的0%至40%。根据本文公开的主题,光致酸发生剂可以合适地构成在组合物中的总固体的0%至40%。固体组合物的所有百分比都按重量计。
其他材料可以存在于组合物中以增强膜形成特性。这些包括表面活性剂、湿润剂、流变学改性剂(rheology modifier)、防泡剂及类似物。
根据本文公开的主题,用所描述的组合物的任一种形成的膜可以在足以引起涂覆的膜的交联的温度下被加热。热致酸发生剂的存在可以降低交联发生的温度。示例性温度范围可以是从80℃至350℃。另一个示例性温度范围可以是从100℃至250℃。又一示例性温度范围可以是从120℃至160℃。
根据本文公开的主题,用所描述的组合物的任一种形成的膜可以在足以在加热期间、在加热之前或在环境温度下引起涂覆的膜的交联的暴露剂量(exposure dose)下被暴露于电磁辐射。光致酸发生剂的存在可以降低交联发生的温度。示例性暴露波长可以是190nm至520nm,取决于光致酸发生剂的灵敏度。另外的示例性暴露波长可以是225nm至4000nm,取决于光致酸发生剂的灵敏度。示例性暴露剂量范围可以是从0.1mJ/cm2-1000mJ/cm2。另一种示例性暴露剂量范围可以是1mJ/cm2至500mJ/cm2。又一种示例性暴露剂量范围可以是10mJ/cm2至100mJ/cm2。
在无限制的情况下,涂覆可以通过喷雾涂覆、叶片涂覆(blade coating)、旋转涂覆或其组合来合适地完成。关于旋转涂覆,例如,旋转速度可以合适地在从100rpm至8000rpm的范围内。作为另外的实例,旋转速度可以合适地在从200rpm至2000rpm的范围内。作为又另外的实例,旋转速度可以在从800rpm至1500rpm的范围内。旋转时间可以合适地在从10秒至150秒的范围内。通过上文方法中的任一种涂覆的基底可以在交联之前合适地被软性烘烤(softbake)。合适的软性烘烤温度可以在从50℃至150℃的范围内。
以下实施例是说明性的并且不意图限制所附权利要求的范围。例如,各种基底、基底制备的方法、蚀刻化学和条件或抗蚀剂类型和暴露条件可以合适地使用。
实施例1(基底制备)硅(100)基底(Rockwood Electronic Materials,n型)被用于所有实验程序。使用Disco DAD 321晶圆切块机(wafer dicer),从晶圆切割成尺寸为2cm×2cm的方形芯片(square chip)。将样品使用来自Riedel-de的半导体级别化学品清洁。将样品在异丙醇(IPA)中超声洗涤持续15分钟,然后在去离子(DI)水(Purite Neptune,18.2MΩcm)中冲洗持续1分钟。然后,通过将基底浸渍在H2SO4(95%-98%):H2O2中持续10分钟、在DI水中持续1分钟以及在稀释的HF中持续1分钟、随后在DI水中冲洗持续另外的一分钟、之后在氮气下干燥来制备氢终止表面(hydrogen terminated surface)。在制备之后将基底储存在真空下,并且在2天内使用。
实施例2-4(样品制备)用于形成旋涂硬掩膜的组合物根据表1来制备。被用于所有组合物的溶剂是氯仿。交联剂是聚[(邻甲酚基缩水甘油醚)-共-甲醛],可购自SigmaAldrich公司。热致酸发生剂是由TCI Europe Ltd.供应的双(叔丁基苯基)碘鎓六氟磷酸盐。将固体和溶剂装载在瓶中并且迅速地溶解。
硬掩膜的膜通过在1000rpm的旋转速度下旋转涂覆在实施例1的基底上持续60秒来制备,对于实施例2的样品在1000rpm的旋转速度下制备,对于实施例3的样品以1000rpm制备以及对于实施例4的样品以1000制备。在旋转涂覆之后,将膜在多达330℃下烘烤持续五分钟。在烘烤之后,实施例2给出约300nm的膜厚度,实施例3给出约250nm的膜厚度,实施例4给出约350nm的膜厚度。
实施例5(溶解度测试)为了能够进一步加工,应当致使旋涂硬掩膜在用于抗蚀剂和另外的旋涂硬掩膜层的典型的溶剂中是不溶的。图2示出在浸渍于单氯苯(MCB):IPA 1:1溶液中之前和之后从实施例2和实施例3的制剂旋转涂覆的归一化的膜厚度。对于高于190℃的温度,致使从实施例3的制剂旋转涂覆的、具有热致酸发生剂的膜是不溶的,而需要260℃的温度以实现对于来自实施例2的旋转涂覆的、不具有热致酸发生剂的膜也是不溶的。
实施例6(产生蚀刻的图像)由实施例2的制剂涂覆的硬掩膜材料的膜通过在1000rpm的旋转速度下旋转涂覆在实施例1的基底上并且在300℃的温度下烘烤持续5分钟以产生约300nm的厚度来制备。
在制备300nm硬掩膜(hard-mask film)之后,40nm厚的硅层通过在1x10-2毫巴的氩气压力下在250W RF功率下溅射持续2分钟来沉积。最后,将可购自Dow ElectronicMaterials公司的电子束抗蚀剂(electron beam resist)SAL 601tm旋转涂覆在硅层的顶部上。使用装配有图案发生剂(pattern generator)(Raith Elphy Plus)的FEI XL30 SFEG扫描电子显微镜,使抗蚀剂图案化。使25nm线和空间图案化,并且然后使用OxfordInstruments PlasmaPro NGP80电感耦合等离子体(ICP)蚀刻系统蚀刻到硅薄膜中。使用真空润滑脂,将硅基底附接到牺牲性硅晶圆(sacrificial silicon wafer)以确保良好的热接触。将牺牲性晶圆机械地夹到装配有氦背压(backside pressure)的较低的电极,以确保在蚀刻工艺期间良好地热控制样品。使用20秒混合模式SF6/C4F8ICP蚀刻,将图案转移到硅顶涂层(silicon topcoat)中。SF6流速是25sccm,并且C4F8流速是30sccm。应用20W的RF功率和220W的ICP功率。
使图案从硅转移到硬掩膜,在使用氧等离子体蚀刻下完成。为了使碳的底切(undercutting)最小化,并且在蚀刻期间保持垂直的侧壁,保持在1.5mT的室压(chamberpressure)下。在15sccm的O2流速下,蚀刻持续时间是20秒。RF功率为100W且ICP功率为300W。
最后,在另一种混合模式SF6/C4F8ICP蚀刻下,使用:20sccm的SF6流速、30sccm的C4F8流速、20W的RF功率、220W的ICP功率将硬掩膜图案转移到硅基底中。图3示出其中获得约3.4的纵横比的结果。
虽然参考特定的实施例,已经示出并且描述本发明,但是对于本发明所从属的领域的技术人员是明显的各种变化和修改被认为在所附的权利要求中陈述的主题的精神、范围和预期内。
在另一种实施方案中,该组合物包含不同尺寸的多于一种富勒烯材料,其中富勒烯的一种是C60富勒烯并且另一种是C70富勒烯。当前公开的组合物中的某些可以包含多于这两种富勒烯,例如其可以包含基于C76、C78、C80、C82或C84富勒烯分子的一种或更多种另外尺寸的富勒烯。
在某些实施方案中,在富勒烯上可以存在一个或更多个取代基,例如,在1个和6个之间的取代基。这些取代基可以是羧酸。
当然,该组合物可以包含如上文描述的不同尺寸的多于一种富勒烯,每种包含羧酸取代基。
在当前公开内容中描述的交联剂的某些是胺,诸如例如苯胺。交联剂的某些可以包含2种或更多种胺,例如苯胺,并且可以在芳香族骨架上被取代。例如,交联剂可以是如本文所描述的芴二苯胺(4,4’(9-亚芴基)二苯胺)或三苯基甲烷胺。其他交联剂包括聚芳香族胺。
不被认为是理论,据信,在具有芴二苯胺的PCBA(羧酸富勒烯)的情况下,交联产物是聚酰胺。
关于另外的实施例的其他实施例和结果被示出。
另外的实施例
·配制的PCBA/二苯胺溶液已经被示出随时间变化(被储存在5℃下),因为:
ο旋转速度厚度关系变化
·在给定组的条件下旋转的膜的厚度增大以及
ο使材料充分交联所需的烘烤的量降低
·即,降低的交联烘烤温度或减少的时间
表明的是,材料在溶液中是交联的。
研究在进行中。对于现在进行乙酸和盐酸洗涤的C60双-PCBA,纳米-碳(Nano-C)具有改进的纯化。先前,可以存在某些残余的乙酸。对于初始试验,已经进行小的批次。使此工艺按比例放大规模将没有问题。
在300℃和350℃下的热稳定性数据
利用表面轮廓测定法(Dektak)和椭圆测量术的膜厚度测量
应当注意,依据我们的测量,使用椭圆测量术的测量表明比通过Dektak的测量明显地较厚的膜厚度,如在下表中示出的。
以1000rpm旋转的所有膜
用于IM-HM-120硬掩膜-50克/升总固体的制备和工艺
-C60双-PCBM
-聚-OCGEF交联剂
C60双-PCBM-C60双-PCBM(苯基C60丁酸甲酯)
聚-OCGEF-聚[(邻甲酚基缩水甘油醚)-共-甲醛,MW=~1270
由固体制备硬掩膜溶液
制备以50克/升的浓度的双-PCBM在环己酮中的溶液,根据需要使用超声搅动以帮助工艺。过滤器具有环己酮相容的注射器过滤器,孔径0.02μm或等效的(50克/升略微高于溶解度限制)。
制备以50克/升的浓度的聚-OCGEF交联剂在环己酮中的溶液,根据需要使用超声搅动以帮助工艺。
使相等体积的每种溶液混合以给出需要的硬掩膜溶液的体积。使用超声搅动以帮助混合。
基底预处理
在应用硬掩膜溶液之前,基底应当是清洁的且干燥的。标准的晶圆清洁和干燥方法可以如合适的被应用。在某些情况下,已经发现,将硬掩膜层旋转沉积在疏水(即,HF清洁的)表面上是有益的。
非特定预旋转脱水烘烤是必要的,除非由于任何在下方的膜在300℃下后旋转烘烤期间脱气而需要防止破坏硬掩膜。
注意-材料不与使用HMDS粘合促进剂相容。
硬掩膜的涂覆
膜厚度相对于旋转速度的关系在下文被示出。
来自表面轮廓测定法的对于IM-HM-120(先前被称为IM-HM-1)的旋转速度相对于厚度
来自椭圆测量术的对于IM-HM-120(先前被称为IM-HM-1)的旋转速度相对于厚度
推荐的涂覆条件是:
a)静态分布(Static dispense):典型地,0.6mL被用于涂覆100mm硅晶圆。
b)传播循环(Spread Cycle):以~167rpm/第二加速斜升到500rpm并且保持持续5秒。
c)旋转循环:在<1秒内斜升到最终旋转速度并且保持持续60秒。
烘烤
在涂覆之后,硬掩膜应当在300℃的温度下在热板上被烘烤持续五分钟,以致使膜为不溶的。
当前的试验表明较短的烘烤(下降至两分钟)将致使膜为不溶的。
除去
除去是通过氧等离子体灰分或反应性离子蚀刻进行的。
对于此基础双-PCBM硬掩膜制剂所考虑的/尝试的溶剂
溶剂包括
环己酮、茴香醚、氯仿、氯苯
在50nm膜厚度的特定的定制物请求之后,较低浓度制剂已经被供应。
用于IM-HM-120硬掩膜-25克/升总固体的工艺
硬掩膜的涂覆
对于50nm厚的膜,推荐的条件是:
a)静态分布:典型地,0.6mL被用于涂覆100mm硅晶圆。
b)传播循环:以~167rpm/第二加速斜升到500rpm并且保持持续5秒。
c)旋转循环:在<1秒内斜升到1500rpm并且保持持续60秒。
烘烤
在涂覆之后,硬掩膜应当在300℃的温度下在热板上被烘烤持续5分钟秒,以致使膜为不溶的。
当前的试验表明较短的烘烤(下降至两分钟)将致使膜为不溶的。
除去
推荐通过氧等离子体灰分或反应性离子蚀刻的除去。
150克每升总固体的IM-HM-120的制备和工艺
-混合的多加合物-PCBM(MiMu-PCBM)
-聚-OCGEF交联剂
由固体制备硬掩膜溶液-对于50克每升总固体的实施例
制备以50克/升的浓度的混合的多加合物-PCBM(MiMu-PCBM)在环己酮中的溶液,根据需要使用超声搅动以帮助工艺。过滤器具有环己酮相容的注射器过滤器,孔径0.02μm或等效的。
制备以50克/升的浓度的聚-OCGEF交联剂在环己酮中的溶液,根据需要使用超声搅动以帮助工艺。
使相等体积的每种溶液混合以给出需要的硬掩膜溶液体积。使用超声搅动以帮助混合。
基底预处理
在应用硬掩膜溶液之前,基底应当是清洁的且干燥的。标准的晶圆清洁和干燥方法可以如合适的被应用。在某些情况下,已经发现,将硬掩膜层旋转沉积在疏水(即,HF清洁的)表面上是有益的。
非特定预旋转脱水烘烤是必要的,除非由于任何在下方的膜在300℃下后旋转烘烤期间脱气而需要防止破坏硬掩膜。
注意-材料不与使用HMDS粘合促进剂相容。
硬掩膜的涂覆
膜厚度相对于旋转速度的关系在下文被示出。
标准旋转条件是:
a)静态分布:典型地,0.6mL被用于涂覆100mm硅晶圆。
b)传播循环:以~167rpm/第二加速斜升到500rpm并且保持持续5秒。
c)旋转循环:在<1秒内斜升到最终旋转速度并且保持持续60秒。
有限的数据是当前可用的。然而,此数据表明浓度150g/l、100g/l、50g/和25g/l将允许我们在从1000rpm至5000rpm的速度下覆盖从约10nm至约500nm。产生此更广泛的旋转速度相对于厚度数据的试验在进行中。
应当理解,对于非常大的晶圆,最大可用旋转速度是3000rpm。
迄今为止,旋转速度相对于厚度数据-来自表面轮廓测定法
改进的溶剂是PGME:环己酮1:1。硬掩膜通过以下来配制:
a)制备以25克/升的浓度的混合的多加合物-PCBM(MiMu-PCBM)在环己酮中的溶液,
b)制备以25克/升的浓度的聚-OCGEF交联剂在PGME中的溶液,以及
c)使相等体积的每种溶液混合以给出所需的硬掩膜溶液的体积。
在烘烤之后,尝试增加PGME含量超过50%导致差质量的膜。
改进的旋转条件是:
a)静态分布:典型地,0.6mL被用于涂覆100mm硅晶圆。
B)扩展的传播循环(Extended Spread Cycle):30秒斜升到500rpm并且保持持续5秒。
c)旋转循环:在<1秒内斜升到900rpm的最终旋转速度并且保持持续60秒。
下图示出,使用基于此混合的多加合物PCBM衍生物的、从在富勒烯衍生物(和聚-OCGEF交联剂)的一半浓度下的PGME/环己酮浇铸溶剂旋转的>100nm厚的膜的抗蚀刻性试验的结果。如可以清楚地看到的,相比于标准制剂,新的制剂的抗蚀刻性被进一步改进。
在新的较低成本制剂下的抗蚀刻性的相对改进
下文的SEM显微照片示出,27nm稀疏的线和54nm节距密集的线(通过薄的实验性抗蚀剂层的电子束暴露图案化的)成功转移到新的较低成本制剂硬掩膜的>100nm厚的膜中的初始图像。注意-分辨率和线质量纯粹地受使用的电子束图案化工具限制-不受IM硬掩膜限制。
试验的其他改进的溶剂体系包括:
按7:2:1比率的环己酮、二甲苯和乳酸乙酯
以8:2比率的环己酮和二甲苯
对于1500rpm的旋转速度的膜厚度相对于浓度
以固定的1500rpm最终旋转速度的膜厚度相对于富勒烯浓度(在最终制剂中)之间的关系在下文被示出。
对于1500rpm的旋转最终旋转速度的膜厚度相对于在最终制剂中的富勒烯浓度(来自表面轮廓测定法)
标准旋转涂覆条件是:
a)静态分布:典型地,0.6mL被用于涂覆100mm硅晶圆。
b)传播循环:以~167rpm/第二加速斜升到500rpm并且保持持续5秒。
c)旋转循环:在<1秒内斜升到最终旋转速度并且保持持续60秒。
改进的旋转涂覆条件是:
a)静态分布:典型地,0.6mL被用于涂覆100mm硅晶圆。
B)扩展的传播循环:30秒斜升到500rpm并且保持持续5秒。
c)旋转循环:在<1秒内斜升到最终旋转速度并且保持持续60秒。
用于IM-HM-220硬掩膜的制备和工艺
-C60双-PCBA
-芴二苯胺交联剂
C60PCBA-PCBM的单-羧酸版本
芴二苯胺交联剂-4,4’(9亚芴基)二苯胺
此制剂提供改进的热稳定性和增加的碳含量
87.6%碳,对于具有芴二苯胺交联剂的C60双-PCBA
87.5%碳,对于具有芴二苯胺交联剂的混合的多加合物-PCBA
由固体制备硬掩膜溶液
制备以50克/升的浓度的双-PCBA在环己酮中的溶液,根据需要使用超声搅动以帮助工艺。过滤器具有环己酮相容的注射器过滤器,孔径0.02μm或等效的(50克/升略微高于溶解度限制)。
制备以50克/升的浓度的芴二苯胺交联剂在环己酮中的溶液,根据需要使用超声搅动以帮助工艺。
使相等体积的每种溶液混合以给出需要的硬掩膜溶液的体积。使用超声搅动以帮助混合。
基底预处理
在应用硬掩膜溶液之前,基底应当是清洁的且干燥的。标准的晶圆清洁和干燥方法可以如合适的被应用。在某些情况下,已经发现,将硬掩膜层旋转沉积在疏水(即,HF清洁的)表面上是有益的。
非特定预旋转脱水烘烤是必要的,除非由于任何在下方的膜在300℃下后旋转烘烤期间脱气而需要防止破坏硬掩膜。
注意-材料不与使用HMDS粘合促进剂相容。
硬掩膜的涂覆和交联烘烤要求
当良好质量的膜已经从PCBA/二苯胺硬掩膜制剂中旋转并且有前景的热稳定性和蚀刻数据在第2页和第3页的表中被呈现(来自~120nm厚的膜,在250℃下持续5min的交联烘烤给出的)的时候,材料需要另外的工作,因为溶液的性能已经被示出随时间变化(被储存在5℃下),这是由于:
·旋转速度厚度关系变化
ο在给定组的条件下旋转的膜的厚度增加以及
·使材料充分交联所需的烘烤的量降低
ο即,降低的交联烘烤温度或减少的时间
表明的是,材料在溶液中是交联的。
CL06-10交联剂 聚[(邻甲酚基缩水甘油醚)-共-甲醛
EEP 3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯
芴二苯胺交联剂 4,4’(9亚芴基)二苯胺
MiMu-PCBM 混合的多加合物PCBM
聚-OCGEF 聚[(邻甲酚基缩水甘油醚)-共-甲醛
Claims (14)
1.一种用于形成旋涂硬掩膜的组合物,所述组合物包含:
a.富勒烯衍生物,其由以下通式表示
其中n是1-6的整数,Q为在所述富勒烯中的碳原子数,是60、70、76、78、80、82或84,R1代表第一取代基,所述第一取代基包括酯、醇、酚、胺、酰胺、酰亚胺或羧酸,并且R2代表第二取代基,所述第二取代基包括氢、卤素、C6-C20芳基、C1-C20烷基、酯、醇、酚、胺、酰胺、酰亚胺或羧酸,
b.交联剂,其包含两种或更多种热反应性基团或催化反应性基团。
2.如权利要求1所述的组合物,还包含一种或更多种另外的富勒烯衍生物,其中Q的至少一种=60,并且至少第二种Q=70。
3.如权利要求2所述的组合物,还包含一种或更多种热致酸发生剂。
4.如权利要求2所述的组合物,其中R1是羧酸。
5.如权利要求4所述的组合物,其中所述交联剂是聚芳香族二胺。
6.如权利要求5所述的组合物,其中所述聚芳香族物质是4,4’-(9-亚芴基)二苯胺。
7.如权利要求2所述的组合物,其中所述交联剂选自环氧酚酚醛清漆树脂、环氧甲酚酚醛清漆树脂、环氧双酚A树脂、环氧双酚A酚醛清漆树脂、环氧双酚C树脂、烷醇甲基三聚氰胺树脂、烷醇甲基甘脲树脂、烷醇甲基胍胺树脂、烷醇甲基苯并胍胺树脂、糖基脲树脂或醇酸树脂。
8.如权利要求7所述的组合物,还包含一种或更多种热致酸发生剂。
9.如权利要求8所述的组合物,其中所述一种或更多种热致酸发生剂选自有机磺酸的烷基酯、有机磺酸的脂环族酯、有机磺酸的胺盐、有机磺酸的2-硝基苄酯、有机磺酸的4-硝基苄酯、有机磺酸的安息香酯、有机磺酸的β-羟基烷基酯、有机磺酸的β-羟基环烷基酯、有机磺酸的三芳基锍盐、有机磺酸的烷基二芳基锍盐、有机磺酸的二烷基芳基锍盐、有机磺酸的三烷基锍盐、有机磺酸的二芳基碘鎓盐、有机磺酸的烷基芳基锍盐或三(有机磺酰基)甲基化物的铵盐。
10.如权利要求7所述的组合物,还包含一种或更多种光致酸发生剂。
11.如权利要求10所述的组合物,其中所述一种或更多种光致酸发生剂选自卤代三嗪、有机磺酸的2-硝基苄酯、有机磺酸的4-硝基苄酯、有机磺酸的三芳基锍盐、有机磺酸的烷基二芳基锍盐、有机磺酸的二烷基芳基锍盐、有机磺酸的二芳基碘鎓盐、有机磺酸的烷基芳基锍盐、n-有机磺酰基氧基双环[2.2.1]-庚-5-烯-2,3-二甲酰亚胺或1,3-二氧代异吲哚啉-2-基有机磺酸酯。
12.如权利要求7所述的组合物,其中所述交联剂选自环氧化的酚醛树脂、环氧化的甲酚树脂、环氧化的双酚A树脂、环氧化的双酚A酚醛清漆树脂、环氧双酚树脂、烷醇甲基三聚氰胺树脂、烷醇甲基甘脲树脂、烷醇甲基胍胺树脂、烷醇甲基苯并胍胺树脂、糖基脲树脂或异氰酸酯树脂。
13.如权利要求7所述的组合物,其中所述旋涂硬掩膜还包含选自以下的一种或更多种溶剂:聚乙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯、乳酸乙酯、茴香醚、甲苯、氯仿、氯苯、邻二氯苯、间二氯苯、对二氯苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯、对二甲苯、二硫化碳或其组合。
14.一种用于形成旋涂硬掩膜的工艺,所述工艺包括:
a.提供权利要求1-13中任一项的组合物,
b.在基底上形成涂层;以及
c.在足以使所述涂层交联的温度下,加热所述基底和所述涂层。
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US10290500B2 (en) | 2019-05-14 |
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