CN107200610B - A kind of kitchen waste treatment equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kitchen waste treatment equipment, comprising a rack, wherein a pulverizing device and a fermentation device are arranged in sequence in the order of garbage treatment, and the pulverizing device comprises a feeding hopper arranged on the upper part of the pulverizing device and a The pulverizing mechanism under the feeding hopper, the pulverizing mechanism includes a rotating shaft and a first motor that drives the rotating shaft to rotate, a number of saw blades are sleeved on the rotating shaft at intervals, and the fermentation device includes a reversible fermentation box and The forward and reverse spiral stirring mechanism is arranged in the fermentation box, and the kitchen waste enters the fermentation box after being cut and pulverized by the saw blade for stirring and fermentation. The kitchen waste treatment equipment crushes and ferments the kitchen waste through the crushing device and the fermentation device, and finally generates fertilizer. The saw blade in the crushing device can effectively crush organic substances of different dryness, wetness, softness and hardness at the same time. The device is compact, suitable for use in restaurants and households, and has high efficiency. Finally, fertilizer can be obtained, which does not pollute the environment, and at the same time obtains greater economic value.

Description

A kind of kitchen waste treatment equipment

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of garbage disposal, in particular to a kitchen waste disposal device.

Background technique

Kitchen waste refers to the garbage generated by residents’ daily life and activities such as food processing, catering services, and unit meals, including discarded vegetable leaves, leftovers, leftovers, peels, eggshells, tea residues, shells, bones, etc. , its main sources are family kitchens, restaurants, restaurants, canteens, markets and other industries related to food processing. Food waste contains extremely high moisture and organic matter, which is easily spoiled and produces foul odors. However, after proper treatment and processing, kitchen waste can be converted into new resources. The high organic matter content makes it possible to use it as fertilizer, feed after strict treatment, and also to generate biogas for fuel or power generation. The oil part can be used for for the production of biofuels.

At present, the domestic production of kitchen regenerative feed technology is mainly biological method and physical method. The biological method utilizes kitchen waste to ferment, uses the growth, reproduction and metabolism of microorganisms to accumulate useful bacteria, enzymes and intermediates, which are dried to make protein feed. The physical method is to directly dehydrate the kitchen waste, dry and sterilize it, and pulverize it to make feed.

The prior art kitchen waste treatment methods include crushing and straight-discharging method, landfill method and fertilizer treatment method. The crushing and direct discharge method is generally a method of disposing a kitchen waste treatment device in the kitchen and other places, and discharging the crushed kitchen waste into the municipal sewer network, mixing it with water and discharging it to the urban sewage treatment system for harmless treatment. The landfill method is to send food waste together with ordinary waste into a landfill for landfill treatment. At present, the landfill rate is showing a downward trend, and many countries have even banned food waste from entering landfills for disposal. Fertilization treatment methods mainly include aerobic composting and anaerobic digestion. The aerobic composting process is the use of extracellular enzymes secreted by aerobic microorganisms to decompose organic solids into soluble organic substances under aerobic conditions, and then infiltrate into cells, and realize the entire composting process through the metabolism of microorganisms. Anaerobic digestion of kitchen waste refers to the decomposition of organic waste by microorganisms under specific anaerobic conditions, and the carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in it are converted into methane and carbon dioxide, while elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium remain in the residue. and converted into a form that is easily absorbed and utilized by passive plants.

However, among the above kitchen waste treatment methods, the crushing and straight-discharging method is generally suitable for units that generate a small amount of kitchen waste, and the crushing equipment is generally not capable of crushing dry, wet, soft, and hard organic substances at the same time. This method tends to breed bacteria, mosquitoes and spread diseases in urban sewers, and may cause blockage of drainage pipes, reduce the drainage capacity of urban sewers, increase the load of urban sewage treatment systems, and inevitably produce secondary pollution: Fertilization treatment methods include large area and long treatment period. Second, sewage and odor generated during composting process will cause secondary pollution to the surrounding environment.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kitchen waste treatment equipment, which can well solve the problems of large land occupation, low efficiency and environmental pollution in the prior art garbage treatment methods.

The technical scheme adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:

A kitchen waste treatment equipment includes a rack, wherein a pulverizing device and a fermentation device are arranged in sequence in the order of garbage treatment, and the pulverizing device includes a feeding hopper arranged on the upper part of the pulverizing device and a feeding hopper located below the feeding hopper. The pulverizing mechanism includes a rotating shaft and a first motor that drives the rotating shaft to rotate, a number of saw blades are sleeved on the rotating shaft at intervals, and the fermentation device includes a reversible fermentation box and a fermentation box arranged in the fermentation box. The forward and reverse spiral stirring mechanism in the body, the kitchen waste is cut and crushed by the saw blade and enters the fermentation box for stirring and fermentation.

As an improvement of the above technical solution, a buffer plate is inclined below the feeding hopper, a pulverizing cavity is formed between the buffer plate and several saw blades, and the kitchen waste is cut and pulverized by the saw blades at the pulverizing cavity.

As an improvement of the above technical solution, the bottom of the pulverizing device is provided with a screen below several saw blades.

As an improvement of the above technical solution, a first pulley is installed on one end of the rotating shaft, and the first motor and the first pulley are connected by a first belt.

As an improvement of the above technical solution, the forward and reverse spiral stirring mechanism includes a stirring main shaft and a driving mechanism for driving the stirring main shaft to rotate, and a plurality of positive helical sheets and reverse helical sheets are sleeved on the stirring main shaft at intervals.

As an improvement of the above technical solution, a second pulley is installed at one end of the stirring main shaft, and the driving mechanism includes a second motor installed at the bottom of the frame and a reducer driven by the second motor. The reducer is connected to the second pulley. Connected by the second belt, both ends of the stirring main shaft extend out of the fermentation box and are connected with the frame through bearings.

As an improvement of the above technical solution, the outer surface of the fermentation box is sequentially provided with a heating layer and a thermal insulation layer from the inside to the outside.

As an improvement of the above technical solution, the fermentation box is provided with a positioning handle, the frame is provided with a chute and a card position communicated with the chute, and the positioning handle can move in the chute to drive fermentation When the box body is turned over, the positioning handle can also be snapped into the card position to fix the fermentation box body.

As an improvement of the above technical solution, the fermentation box is arranged below the crushing mechanism, the bottom of the frame is inclined with a first blanking plate, and there are two clamping positions. When the positioning handle is clamped into one of the clamping positions When the kitchen waste falls directly into the fermentation box from the crushing mechanism for fermentation, when the positioning handle is stuck in another card position, the fermentation box is turned over, and the fertilizer formed by the fermentation of the kitchen waste is removed from the first blanking board. fall out.

As an improvement of the above technical scheme, the fermentation box is arranged on one side of the crushing mechanism, the bottom of the frame is inclined with a second blanking plate, and three clamping positions are arranged. When the positioning handle is clamped into the first one When the position is locked, the fermentation box is turned over, and the kitchen waste falls from the crushing mechanism into the fermentation box for loading. When the positioning handle is locked into the second position, the fermentation box is turned over, and the kitchen waste begins to ferment. When the positioning handle is locked into the third position, the fermentation box is turned over, and the fertilizer formed by the fermentation of the kitchen waste falls out from the second blanking board.

As an improvement of the above technical solution, a deodorizing exhaust device is also arranged in the frame, and a deodorizing exhaust port is arranged on the fermentation box body. connected to the air port.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The kitchen waste treatment equipment crushes and ferments the kitchen waste through the crushing device and the fermentation device to finally generate fertilizer. The saw blade in the crushing device can effectively crush different organic substances of dry, wet, soft and hard at the same time, and The device is compact, suitable for use in restaurants and households, and has high efficiency. Finally, fertilizer can be obtained, which does not pollute the environment, and at the same time obtains greater economic value.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, wherein:

1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

2 is a cross-sectional view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

3 is a top view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of a pulverizing device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

5 is a cross-sectional view of the pulverizing device in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Embodiment 1: Referring to FIG. 1, FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, a kitchen waste treatment equipment includes a rack 1, and a pulverizing device and a fermentation device are arranged in the rack 1 in sequence according to the order of garbage treatment. The pulverizing device Including a feeding hopper 2 arranged on the upper part of the crushing device and a crushing mechanism 3 located below the feeding hopper 2, the fermentation device includes a reversible fermentation box 4 and a forward and reverse spiral stirring mechanism arranged in the fermentation box 4 5. The forward and reverse helical stirring mechanism 5 includes a stirring main shaft 14 and a driving mechanism that drives the stirring main shaft 14 to rotate. The stirring main shaft 14 is provided with a number of positive helical sheets 15 and reverse helical sheets 16 at intervals, so that the stirring is more uniform. There is no dead angle, a second pulley 17 is installed at one end of the stirring main shaft 14, and the driving mechanism includes a second motor 18 installed at the bottom of the frame 1 and a reducer 19 driven by the second motor 18. The reducer 19 and The second pulley 17 is connected by the second belt 20. Both ends of the stirring main shaft 14 extend out of the fermentation box 4 and are connected to the frame 1 through bearings, so that the fermentation box 4 can be turned over relative to the frame. The fermentation box 4 The outer surface is sequentially provided with a heating layer 21 and a thermal insulation layer 22 to facilitate thermal insulation and fermentation of kitchen waste.

The fermentation box 4 is provided with a positioning handle 23, the frame 1 is provided with a chute 24 and a clamping position 25 communicated with the chute 24, the chute 24 is arc-shaped, and the positioning handle is The handle 23 can move in the chute 24 to drive the fermentation box 4 to turn over, and the positioning handle 23 can also be snapped into the card position 25 to fix the fermentation box 4 , and the fermentation box 4 is arranged on the side of the crushing mechanism 3 , the bottom of the frame 1 is inclined and provided with a second blanking plate 27, and three clamping positions 25 are provided, which respectively represent the three functions of loading, fermentation and discharging. When the positioning handle 23 is locked into the first When one represents the card position 25 during loading, the fermentation box 4 is turned over, and the kitchen waste falls from the crushing mechanism 3 into the fermentation box 4 for loading. When the positioning handle 23 is stuck into the second one representing the fermentation When the card position is 25, the fermentation box 4 is turned over, and the kitchen waste begins to ferment. When the positioning handle 23 is inserted into the third card position 25, which represents the discharge, the fermentation box 4 is turned over, and the kitchen waste is formed after fermentation. The fertilizer dropped from the second blanking board 27, the frame 1 is also provided with a deodorizing exhaust device 29, the fermentation box 4 is provided with a deodorizing exhaust port, and the deodorizing exhaust device 29 is connected to the deodorizing exhaust port through a hose 28, the hose 28 can be a retractable steel wire hose, the deodorizing exhaust device 29 includes a fan and a deodorizing bucket, and the deodorizing bucket includes three in sequence. The photocatalyst barrel, heating barrel and catalytic barrel are connected. The fan first extracts the organic gas produced by fermentation into the photocatalyst barrel. The photocatalyst barrel is equipped with an ultraviolet lamp, and the purple light emits a specific ultraviolet wave to convert oxygen into ozone. Strong oxidation of ozone Most of the organic gas is oxidized, and the remaining unoxidized organic gas enters the heating barrel. There is a heating tube in the heating barrel to react the organic gas with oxygen, and some carbon monoxide and ozone gas generated enter the catalytic barrel. A catalyst in the barrel can reduce ozone and carbon monoxide into oxygen and carbon dioxide, respectively, and the oxygen and carbon dioxide can be directly discharged. This embodiment has large space utilization and is suitable for restaurants.

4 and 5 , the pulverizing mechanism 3 includes a rotating shaft 6 and a first motor 7 that drives the rotating shaft 6 to rotate. A number of saw blades 8 are sleeved on the rotating shaft 6 at intervals, and the saw blades are made of alloy It is made of steel, strong and durable, and the interval between the saw blade and the saw blade is 1 to 5 mm, which can be adjusted according to actual needs. 9. Connected by the first belt 10, a buffer plate 11 is inclined below the feeding hopper 2, and a pulverizing cavity 12 is formed between the buffer plate 11 and a number of saw blades 8, and kitchen waste is collected at the pulverizing cavity 12. The saw blade 8 is cut and pulverized. The bottom of the pulverizing device is provided with a screen 13 below the plurality of saw blades 8. The screen 13 can be replaced according to the size and effect of the pulverized particles.

Embodiment 2: The difference from Embodiment 1 is that, further referring to FIG. 6 , the fermentation box 4 is arranged below the crushing mechanism 3 , the bottom of the frame 1 is inclined with a first blanking plate 26 , and the There are two card positions 25, which represent the two functions of fermentation and discharge respectively. When the positioning handle 23 is locked into one of the card positions 25, which represents fermentation, the kitchen waste will fall directly into the fermentation box from the crushing mechanism 3. Fermentation is carried out in 4, when the positioning handle 23 is stuck into another card position 25 representing the discharge, the fermentation box 4 is turned over, and the fertilizer formed by the fermentation of the kitchen waste falls out from the first unloading plate 26. The embodiment has compact space and is suitable for home use.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, as long as it achieves the technical effect of the present invention by any same or similar means, it should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a kitchen garbage treatment equipment which characterized in that: including frame (1), set gradually reducing mechanism and fermenting installation according to refuse treatment order in frame (1), the reducing mechanism is including setting up feeder hopper (2) on reducing mechanism upper portion and being located feeder hopper (2) rubbing crusher mechanism (3) of below, rubbing crusher mechanism (3) are including rotation axis (6) and drive rotation axis (6) pivoted first motor (7), the spacer sleeve is equipped with a plurality of saw bits (8) on rotation axis (6), fermenting installation is including fermentation box (4) that can overturn and positive reverse spiral rabbling mechanism (5) of setting in fermentation box (4), and the surplus rubbish in kitchen stirs the fermentation in fermentation box (4) that get into after saw bit (8) cutting is smashed, be provided with location hand (23) on fermentation box (4), be equipped with spout (24) in frame (1) and with spout (24) communicating screens (25), the positioning handle (23) can move in the sliding groove (24) to drive the fermentation box body (4) to overturn, and the positioning handle (23) can also be clamped in the clamping position (25) to fix the fermentation box body (4).

2. The kitchen waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the kitchen garbage crusher is characterized in that a buffer plate (11) is obliquely arranged below the feeding hopper (2), a crushing cavity (12) is formed between the buffer plate (11) and the saw blades (8), and kitchen garbage is cut and crushed by the saw blades (8) at the crushing cavity (12).

3. The kitchen waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: and a screen (13) is arranged at the bottom of the crushing device below the plurality of saw blades (8).

4. The kitchen waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: first belt pulley (9) are installed to rotation axis (6) one end, first motor (7) are connected through first belt (10) with first belt pulley (9).

5. The kitchen waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the forward and reverse spiral stirring mechanism (5) comprises a stirring main shaft (14) and a driving mechanism for driving the stirring main shaft (14) to rotate, and a plurality of forward spiral sheets (15) and reverse spiral sheets (16) are sleeved on the stirring main shaft (14) at intervals.

6. The kitchen waste treatment apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: second belt pulley (17) are installed to stirring main shaft (14) one end, actuating mechanism is including installing second motor (18) in frame (1) bottom and reduction gear (19) by second motor (18) drive, reduction gear (19) are connected through second belt (20) with second belt pulley (17), stirring main shaft (14) both ends are stretched out fermentation box (4) and are connected with frame (1) through the bearing.

7. The kitchen waste treatment apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: the outer surface of the fermentation box body (4) is sequentially provided with a heating layer (21) and a heat preservation layer (22) from inside to outside.

8. The kitchen waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: fermentation tank (4) set up in rubbing crusher structure (3) below, frame (1) bottom slope is provided with first flitch (26) down, screens (25) set up two, go into when one of them screens (25) are gone into to location hand (23) card, and rubbish is left in the kitchen directly falls into fermentation tank (4) from rubbing crusher structure (3) and ferment, when another screens (25) are gone into to location hand (23) card, and fermentation tank (4) upset, the fertilizer that rubbish was left in the kitchen formed after the fermentation falls out from first flitch (26).

9. The kitchen waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: fermentation tank (4) set up in rubbing crusher structure (3) one side, frame (1) bottom slope is provided with flitch (27) under the second, screens (25) set up threely, when location hand (23) card goes into first screens (25), fermentation tank (4) upset, rubbish from cooking falls into fermentation tank (4) from rubbing crusher structure (3) and loads into, when location hand (23) card goes into second screens (25), fermentation tank (4) upset, rubbish from cooking begins the fermentation, when location hand (23) card goes into third screens (25), fermentation tank (4) upset, the rubbish from cooking falls out from flitch (27) under second through the fertilizer that forms after the fermentation.

10. The kitchen waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: still be provided with deodorization exhaust apparatus (29) in frame (1), be equipped with the deodorization gas vent on fermenting case (4), deodorization exhaust apparatus (29) link to each other with the deodorization gas vent through a hose (28).

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