CN205020489U - Integrated form kitchen garbage treatment facility - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, in particular to an integrated kitchen waste treatment equipment, including a crushing system integrated in one body and sequentially connected according to the waste treatment path, a screw extrusion dehydration system, an aerobic fermentation system and a dehydration system. Odor system; the crushing system includes a feed hopper and a crushing chamber arranged below the feed hopper for crushing food waste; the aerobic fermentation system includes a fermenter, a drive connected to the fermenter and used to drive the fermenter to rotate The device and the lifting board arranged in the fermentation cylinder; the integrated kitchen waste treatment equipment adopting the technical solution of the utility model has a small footprint, a short treatment cycle, and avoids the problem of secondary pollution to the environment.

Description

Integrated food waste treatment equipment

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of kitchen waste treatment, in particular to an integrated kitchen waste treatment equipment.

Background technique

Kitchen waste refers to the waste generated in the daily life of residents and activities such as food processing, catering services, and unit meals, including discarded vegetable leaves, leftovers, leftovers, fruit peels, eggshells, tea dregs, bones, etc. The main sources are home kitchens, restaurants, restaurants, canteens, markets and other industries related to food processing. Food waste contains extremely high moisture and organic matter, which is easy to rot and produce bad smell. However, after proper treatment and processing, food waste can be transformed into new resources. The high organic matter content can be used as fertilizer and feed after strict treatment, and it can also generate biogas for fuel or power generation. The oil part can be used for the production of biofuels.

At present, the domestic production of regenerative feed for kitchens is mainly based on biological and physical methods. The biological method uses food waste to ferment, uses the growth and metabolism of microorganisms to accumulate useful bacteria, enzymes and intermediates, and makes protein feed after drying. The physical method is to directly dehydrate the kitchen waste, dry and disinfect it, and make it into feed after being crushed.

The processing methods of kitchen waste in the prior art include crushing and straight discharge method, landfill method and fertilizer treatment method. The crushing and direct discharge method is generally a method of disposing food waste treatment devices in kitchens and other places, discharging the crushed food waste into the municipal sewer network, mixing with water, and discharging it to the urban sewage treatment system for harmless treatment. The landfill method is to send the kitchen waste and general waste to the landfill for landfill treatment. At present, the landfill rate is showing a downward trend, and even many countries have banned food waste from entering the landfill. Fertilization treatment methods mainly include aerobic composting and anaerobic digestion. The aerobic composting process is to use the extracellular enzymes secreted by aerobic microorganisms to decompose the organic solids into soluble organic substances under aerobic conditions, and then penetrate into the cells, and realize the whole composting process through the metabolism of microorganisms. Anaerobic digestion of food waste refers to the decomposition of organic waste by microorganisms under specific anaerobic conditions, in which carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are converted into methane and carbon dioxide, while elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium remain in the residues. and converted into a form that is easily absorbed by plants and animals.

However, among the above food waste treatment methods, the crushing and direct discharge method is generally suitable for units that generate a small amount of food waste. This method often breeds germs, mosquitoes and flies in urban sewers, and causes disease transmission, and may cause drainage problems. Pipeline blockage reduces the drainage capacity of urban sewers, increases the load on urban sewage treatment systems, and inevitably produces secondary pollution. Sewage and odor will cause secondary pollution to the surrounding environment.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide an integrated kitchen waste treatment equipment to overcome the problems of large floor space, long treatment period and secondary pollution to the environment in the kitchen waste treatment method in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides an integrated kitchen waste treatment equipment, which includes a crushing system, a screw extrusion dehydration system, an aerobic fermentation system and a deodorization system integrated in one and connected sequentially according to the waste treatment path; The crushing system includes a feed hopper and a crushing cavity arranged under the feed hopper for crushing food waste; The lifting board in the fermenter.

As a preferred solution, in order to further facilitate transportation, facilitate application in different places, and overcome the problem that the existing kitchen waste treatment method occupies a large area, the crushing system, screw extrusion dehydration system, aerobic fermentation system and deodorization The system is integrated in a box.

As a preferred solution, in order to further facilitate the fermentation and composting of the dehydrated food waste, and to facilitate the continuous operation of the fermentation cylinder to make continuous discharge, the lifting boards are set in multiples, and the multiple lifting boards are arranged crosswise.

As a preferred solution, in order to facilitate the fermentation and composting of the dehydrated kitchen waste, and to facilitate the continuous operation of the fermenter for continuous discharge, the lifting board is set at an angle of 0-60 degrees to the horizontal direction.

As a preferred solution, in consideration of further treating the sewage generated in the kitchen waste treatment process into clear water for discharge and reducing secondary pollution to the environment, the screw extrusion dehydration system is connected with an oil-water separator.

As a preferred solution, in order to effectively carry out extrusion dehydration and prevent the clogging of the screw extrusion dehydration system, the screw extrusion dehydration system includes a housing provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, and a conical cone arranged in the housing. The screw and the wedge-shaped screen sheathed on the outside of the conical screw.

As a preferred solution, in order to facilitate the lifting and turning of kitchen waste and pour it into the pulverizer, one side of the crushing system is provided with a garbage lifting and turning mechanism; The driving device for sliding the guide rail, the lower end of the guide rail is fixedly connected with the fermentation cylinder, and the upper end of the guide rail extends obliquely toward the feed inlet of the crushing system.

As an optimal solution, considering the layout between the screw extrusion dehydration system, the deodorization system and the aerobic fermentation system, it is easy to integrate together and facilitate the treatment of food waste. The screw extrusion dehydration system and the deodorization system are located at the The same side of the oxygen fermentation system.

As a preferred solution, in order to facilitate deodorization and achieve a good deodorization effect, the deodorization system includes a closed adsorption box, and the adsorption box is provided with a biological filler layer or activated carbon for absorbing odor.

The integrated kitchen waste processing equipment provided by the utility model has the following technical effects: 1. Efficiency: the crushing system, the screw extrusion dehydration system, the aerobic fermentation system and the dehydration system are sequentially connected according to the waste treatment path. The smelly system is convenient for the treatment of food waste, and through the treatment method of aerobic fermentation and composting in the fermentation cylinder, the treatment time of food waste is shortened and the efficiency is improved; 2. Convenience: the whole system is integrated in one, and the transportation Convenient, easy to apply to different places, and solve the existing problem of large floor area; 3. Continuity: The aerobic fermentation system uses a rotary drive device to drive the fermentation cylinder to rotate, and through the set lifting board, it is convenient for the dehydration. The food waste is fermented and composted, and the continuous operation of the fermentation cylinder is convenient, so that the material can be discharged continuously, which solves the problem of long processing cycle in the prior art; 4. Small pollution: the deodorization system removes the odor and then discharges it into the atmosphere. The deodorization system makes the integrated food waste treatment equipment more perfect, and at the same time avoids secondary pollution to the surrounding environment, making it more environmentally friendly.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the integrated kitchen waste treatment equipment of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a side view of an integrated kitchen waste treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a top view of an integrated kitchen waste treatment device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fermenter of the integrated kitchen waste treatment equipment according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the screw extrusion dehydration system of the integrated kitchen waste treatment equipment according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the deodorization system of the integrated kitchen waste treatment equipment according to the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated food waste treatment device integrated in a box according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-trash can, 2-crusher, 3-feed hopper, 4-fermentation cylinder, 5-adsorption box, 6-oil-water separator, 7-screw extrusion dehydration system, 8-box, 11 -Guide rail, 21-Roller, 41-Base, 42-Drive device, 43-Lift board, 51-Rainproof cover, 52-Biological filler layer, 61-Oil tank, 71-Feeding port, 72-Conical screw , 73-discharge port, 74-wedge screen.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the technical scheme of the utility model is further described:

As shown in Figures 1-7: the utility model provides an integrated kitchen waste treatment equipment, including a crushing system integrated in one and connected sequentially according to the waste treatment path, a screw extrusion dehydration system 7, an aerobic fermentation system and Deodorization system; the crushing system includes a feed hopper 3 and a crushing cavity arranged below the feed hopper 3 for crushing food waste; the aerobic fermentation system includes a fermenter 4, connected with the fermenter 4 and used to drive the fermenter 4 to rotate The driving device 42 and the lifting plate 43 arranged in the fermentation cylinder 4.

There are multiple flight boards 43 arranged crosswise, and the flight boards 43 are set at an angle of 0-60 degrees with the horizontal direction. Specifically, the angle of the flight boards 43 can be set to 0 degree, 30 degrees or 45 degrees, which further facilitates the fermentation and composting of dehydrated food waste, and facilitates the continuous operation of the fermentation cylinder, making continuous discharge. In addition, the fermentation cylinder 4 is provided with a base 41, which is convenient for supporting the fermentation cylinder for rotation.

The pulverizing system adopts a pulverizer 2, which includes a feed hopper 3 and two round rollers 21 with external teeth, and the two toothed round rollers 21 form a crushing chamber.

In addition, an oil-water separator 6 is connected between the screw extrusion dehydration system 7 and the aerobic fermentation system, and further treats the sewage generated in the kitchen waste treatment process into clear water for discharge, reducing secondary pollution to the environment, specifically , as shown in FIG. 6 , the oil-water separator 6 is provided with an oil tank 61 , and the oil tank 61 is connected to the water outlet of the oil-water separator 6 .

In addition, the fermentation cylinder 4 is provided with a base 41, which is convenient for supporting the fermentation cylinder for rotation.

Specifically, one side of the crushing system is provided with a garbage lifting and turning mechanism; the garbage lifting and turning mechanism includes a guide rail 11, a garbage can 1 and a driving device for driving the garbage can to slide along the guide rail, and the lower end of the guide rail 11 is fixed to the fermentation cylinder 4 Connected, the upper end of the guide rail 11 extends obliquely towards the feed inlet of the crushing system. Specifically, the garbage lifting and turning mechanism includes a garbage can 1 , a chain for lifting the garbage can 1 , and a guide rail 11 provided on the chain for sliding the garbage can 1 . The garbage lifting and turning mechanism includes a motor that drives the chain to operate and enables the garbage can 1 to slide on the guide rail 11; the chain is longitudinally arranged on one side of the garbage can 1, and the guide rail 11 is arranged between the chain and the garbage can 1. The guide rail 11 is L-shaped , its shape matches the chain, so that the guide rail 11 fits the chain, so that when the trash can 1 is lifted to the top of the guide rail 11, it will tilt towards the feed hopper 3 under the guidance of the guide rail 11 and move towards the feed hopper 3. Dump the trash.

In addition, considering the layout between the screw extrusion dehydration system 7 and the deodorization system and the aerobic fermentation system, it is easy to integrate together and facilitate the treatment of food waste. The screw extrusion dehydration system 7 and the deodorization system are located in the aerobic fermentation system. same side of the system.

As shown in Figure 5, the screw extrusion dehydration system 7 includes a housing provided with a feed inlet 71 and a discharge outlet 73, a conical screw 72 arranged in the housing, and a wedge-shaped screen sheathed outside the conical screw 72 74, facilitating extrusion dehydration and preventing clogging of the screw extrusion dehydration system 7, wherein the wedge-shaped screen 74 refers to a screen structure with a wedge-shaped cross section.

The deodorization system includes a closed adsorption box body 5, and the adsorption box body 5 is provided with a biological filler layer 52 for absorbing odor, which is convenient for deodorization and has a good deodorization effect. In addition, the adsorption box can also be equipped with activated carbon to absorb odor through the action of activated carbon. The top of the adsorption box 5 is provided with a rain cover 51 to prevent rainwater from entering the deodorization system through the adsorption box 5 and affecting the deodorization effect. In addition, as shown in Figure 7, considering the convenience of transportation, it is convenient to apply to different places , and to overcome the problem that the existing food waste treatment method occupies a large area, the crushing system, dehydration system, aerobic fermentation system and deodorization system are integrated in a box 8. In addition, in order to effectively prevent rainwater from entering the box 8, A rainproof cover 51 can also be arranged outside one side of the box body 8 .

It is worth noting that the pulverization system in the technical solution of the utility model can use common pulverizers for pulverization. The screw extrusion dehydration system 7 is a conventional screw extrusion dehydrator or a solid-liquid separator in the prior art, and its principle is to dehydrate the crushed kitchen waste by means of screw processing. The deodorization system uses biological adsorption to deodorize the odor generated during the treatment process.

A method for treating kitchen waste based on the integrated kitchen waste treatment equipment of the present invention, comprising the following steps:

S1, the food waste is crushed;

S2. The crushed garbage is dehydrated by screw extrusion;

S3, using the fermentation cylinder to carry out aerobic fermentation composting treatment;

S4, deodorizing the odor generated during the treatment process;

S5, the water after screw extrusion dehydration treatment is subjected to oil-water separation;

S6, the treated water is discharged.

In order to improve the efficiency, it is convenient for the kitchen waste to be lifted and turned over and poured into the pulverizer. A garbage lifting and turning mechanism is connected before the pulverizing system. Before step S1, there is a step of using the garbage lifting and turning mechanism to pour the garbage into the pulverizer.

Specifically, the method for processing kitchen waste is as follows: the drive motor is used as the driving force of the garbage lifting and turning mechanism, and it is lifted by the chain 11. When it is lifted to the highest point, under the action of the guide rail 12, the turning of the garbage can 1 is realized, and the waste bin 1 is turned over. The garbage is poured into the shredder 2. Food waste enters from the feed hopper 3, and two toothed round rollers 21 rotate in opposite directions during work. Due to the friction between the food waste and the round rollers 21, the food waste will be drawn into the two round rollers. The crushed food waste is crushed in the crushing cavity formed by the rollers 21, and the crushed food waste is discharged from the gap between the two round rollers 21. Then use the screw extruder to dehydrate the garbage, and then use the fermentation cylinder 4 to carry out the fermentation treatment. The layout of the fermentation cylinder 4 is arranged in a way of cross-cutting, and the cross-arrangement of the lifting boards is used to compost the fermentation cylinder 4, and the generated waste gas The deodorization treatment is carried out in the adsorption box 5 by the method of biological adsorption deodorization before discharge. Among them, the sewage that has been dehydrated by screw extrusion and fermented in the fermentation cylinder 4 is treated by the oil-water separator 6 into clean water and then discharged. The treated rubbish finally becomes fertilizer and is discharged from the fermenter 4 .

The integrated kitchen waste treatment equipment adopting the technical solution of the utility model has less investment in the whole set of equipment, occupies a small area, and has a short construction period; the treatment effect is stable and reliable; it can be designed according to requirements. Moreover, the integrated kitchen waste treatment equipment has a high degree of automation; simple operation and convenient maintenance; low operating cost; and is suitable for popularization and use. In addition, the integrated food waste treatment equipment can be integrated in an ordinary truck container for convenient transportation and can be applied to different places, which solves the existing problem of large floor space.

The above is only the preferred embodiment of the utility model, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the utility model, some improvements and replacements can also be made. And replacement should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (9)

1. An integrated kitchen waste treatment equipment, characterized in that: it includes a pulverization system integrated in one and connected successively according to the garbage treatment path, a screw extrusion dehydration system, an aerobic fermentation system and a deodorization system; the pulverization system It includes a feed hopper and a crushing chamber arranged under the feed hopper for crushing food waste; the aerobic fermentation system includes a fermenter, a drive device connected to the fermenter and used to drive the fermenter to rotate, and a fermenter arranged in the fermenter The copy board in the barrel. 2. The integrated kitchen waste treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the crushing system, screw extrusion dehydration system, aerobic fermentation system and deodorization system are integrated in one box. 3. The integrated kitchen waste treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: there are multiple lifting boards, and the multiple lifting boards are arranged crosswise. 4. The integrated kitchen waste treatment equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: the lifting board is set at an angle of 0-60 degrees with the horizontal direction. 5. The integrated kitchen waste treatment equipment according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the screw extrusion dehydration system is connected with an oil-water separator. 6. The integrated food waste treatment equipment according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the screw extrusion dehydration system includes a shell with a material inlet and a material outlet, and is arranged on the shell The conical screw in the body and the wedge-shaped screen sheathed on the outside of the conical screw. 7. The integrated kitchen waste treatment equipment according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: one side of the crushing system is provided with a waste lifting and turning mechanism; The garbage lifting and turning mechanism includes a guide rail, a garbage can and a driving device for driving the garbage can to slide along the guide rail, the lower end of the guide rail is fixedly connected with the fermentation cylinder, and the upper end of the guide rail is fed to the crushing system. Mouth extending obliquely. 8. The integrated food waste treatment equipment according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the screw extrusion dehydration system and the deodorization system are located on the same side of the aerobic fermentation system. 9. The integrated kitchen waste treatment equipment according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that: the deodorization system includes a closed adsorption box, and the adsorption box is equipped with a biofill layer or activated carbon.