CN111691516A - Ecological dry toilet - Google Patents

Ecological dry toilet Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111691516A
CN111691516A CN202010640380.0A CN202010640380A CN111691516A CN 111691516 A CN111691516 A CN 111691516A CN 202010640380 A CN202010640380 A CN 202010640380A CN 111691516 A CN111691516 A CN 111691516A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
chamber
composting
outlet
toilet
urine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202010640380.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
沈玉君
赵立欣
孟海波
丁京涛
王惠惠
程红胜
周海宾
张曦
范盛远
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Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering MARA
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Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering MARA
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Publication date
Application filed by Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering MARA filed Critical Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering MARA
Priority to CN202010640380.0A priority Critical patent/CN111691516A/en
Publication of CN111691516A publication Critical patent/CN111691516A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47K—SANITARY EQUIPMENT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; TOILET ACCESSORIES
    • A47K11/00—Closets without flushing; Urinals without flushing; Chamber pots; Chairs with toilet conveniences or specially adapted for use with toilets
    • A47K11/02—Dry closets, e.g. incinerator closets
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D9/00—Sanitary or other accessories for lavatories ; Devices for cleaning or disinfecting the toilet room or the toilet bowl; Devices for eliminating smells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
    • B01J20/24—Naturally occurring macromolecular compounds, e.g. humic acids or their derivatives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/286—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using natural organic sorbents or derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/16—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening using drying or composting beds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • C05F3/04—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure from human faecal masses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • C05F3/06—Apparatus for the manufacture
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D11/00—Other component parts of water-closets, e.g. noise-reducing means in the flushing system, flushing pipes mounted in the bowl, seals for the bowl outlet, devices preventing overflow of the bowl contents; devices forming a water seal in the bowl after flushing, devices eliminating obstructions in the bowl outlet or preventing backflow of water and excrements from the waterpipe
    • E03D11/02—Water-closet bowls ; Bowls with a double odour seal optionally with provisions for a good siphonic action; siphons as part of the bowl
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D11/00—Other component parts of water-closets, e.g. noise-reducing means in the flushing system, flushing pipes mounted in the bowl, seals for the bowl outlet, devices preventing overflow of the bowl contents; devices forming a water seal in the bowl after flushing, devices eliminating obstructions in the bowl outlet or preventing backflow of water and excrements from the waterpipe
    • E03D11/02—Water-closet bowls ; Bowls with a double odour seal optionally with provisions for a good siphonic action; siphons as part of the bowl
    • E03D11/10—Bowls with closure elements provided between bottom or outlet and the outlet pipe; Bowls with pivotally supported inserts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D5/00—Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system
    • E03D5/016—Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system with recirculation of bowl-cleaning fluid
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D9/00—Sanitary or other accessories for lavatories ; Devices for cleaning or disinfecting the toilet room or the toilet bowl; Devices for eliminating smells
    • E03D9/04—Special arrangement or operation of ventilating devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03D—WATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D9/00—Sanitary or other accessories for lavatories ; Devices for cleaning or disinfecting the toilet room or the toilet bowl; Devices for eliminating smells
    • E03D9/10—Waste-disintegrating apparatus combined with the bowl
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Non-Flushing Toilets (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an ecological dry toilet. The device comprises a toilet, a liquid storage barrel, a pressure flushing device, a composting chamber, a urine purifying chamber, a storage box and an automatic feeding and stirring system; wherein, a cover plate a is arranged on the opening of the pit of the toilet bowl, a movable baffle plate is arranged at the lower part of the bottom feces outlet, and the cover plate a and the movable baffle plate are connected through a steel wire rope to be opened and closed simultaneously; the composting chamber is used for composting excrement; the urine purification chamber is arranged at the bottom of the composting chamber and is connected with the holes on the perforated composting plate; the spiral feeding port of the storage box is connected with the covering material feeding port of the composting chamber; the automatic feeding and stirring system comprises an automatic feeder arranged in the storage box and a stirrer arranged in the composting chamber; the automatic feeder is connected with one end of the stirrer through a chain with a driven gear and a driving gear so as to be simultaneously linked. The invention can separate the excrement from the urine, purify the urine, improve the decomposition efficiency of the excrement, separate and reduce the odor; and recovering the water in the urine for recycling.

Description

Ecological dry toilet
Technical Field
The invention relates to an ecological dry toilet.
Background
The rural areas have diversified toilet types and obvious difference of toilet construction levels, and most of the rural areas mainly use dry toilets. Farmers have the traditional method of preparing agricultural fertilizers by directly composting excrement. Furthermore, the rural areas have the tradition of combining the dry latrine with the cultivation, namely human excrement is used as the feed of the pigs and sheep. Pigs are housed underground, and meanwhile, a dry latrine is built on the ground. Leading to a series of problems of foul smell, numerous mosquitoes and flies and the like in rural dry latrines.
At present, the rural toilet is transformed into the existing form comprising: dry-sealed toilets, three-grid septic tanks, triple biogas tanks, double-vat funnel type or double-pit alternating toilets. However, the toilets in the forms do not fundamentally solve the problems of the dry toilets. No sterilization measures are taken; no deodorizing measures; the volume of the excrement is increased by flushing with water, and the decomposition difficulty is increased; more seriously, accidents frequently occur in the anaerobic fermentation process, and people are often harmed by the outbreak of methane. The water consumption of the flushing toilet is high, a sewer pipe network and a sewage treatment facility matched with the flushing toilet are needed, and the current small-sized drainage and sewage treatment facility suitable for rural areas is more expensive than the large-sized facility in cities, so that the construction cost and the operating cost of the flushing toilet are higher.
In order to solve the problems, the ecological toilet is widely popularized and applied, and the current ecological toilet mainly comprises two types of ecological dry toilets free of water flushing and circulating water flushing. A novel rural toilet is urgently needed, one is simple and convenient, and the other is benign circulation digestion in situ.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ecological dry toilet.
The invention provides an ecological dry toilet which comprises a toilet bowl, a liquid storage barrel, a pressure flushing device, a composting chamber, a urine purifying chamber, a storage box and an automatic feeding and stirring system, wherein the liquid storage barrel is arranged in the toilet bowl;
a cover plate a is arranged on the opening of the pit of the toilet bowl, a water inlet is arranged at the upper part of the pit, and a feces outlet is arranged at the bottom of the pit; the lower part of the manure outlet is provided with a movable baffle plate, and the cover plate a and the movable baffle plate are connected through a steel wire rope to be opened and closed simultaneously;
the liquid storage barrel is provided with a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet and a barrel cover;
the pressure flushing device is arranged on one side of the toilet and is provided with a water inlet, a water outlet and a pressurizing button, the water inlet of the pressure flushing device is connected with the liquid outlet on the liquid storage barrel through a water inlet pipe, and the water outlet of the pressure flushing device is connected with the water inlet of the toilet through a pipeline;
the composting chamber is arranged at the lower part of the toilet bowl, and part of the composting chamber is positioned at the rear part of the toilet bowl; the composting chamber is provided with a manure inlet, a covering material inlet, a gas outlet and a manure outlet of the composting chamber, and a perforated composting plate is arranged inside the composting chamber; the excrement inlet is communicated with an excrement outlet of the toilet bowl;
the urine purification chamber is arranged at the bottom of the composting chamber, is provided with a urine inlet and a urine outlet and can be moved and replaced, and the urine inlet is connected with the holes in the perforated composting plate;
the storage box is arranged on one side of the composting chamber, a charging opening and a spiral feeding opening are arranged on the storage box, a cover plate b is arranged on the charging opening, and the spiral feeding opening is connected with a covering material feeding opening of the composting chamber;
the automatic feeding and stirring system comprises an automatic feeder and a stirrer; the automatic feeder is arranged in the storage box, and the stirrer is arranged in the composting chamber; the automatic feeder is connected with one end of the stirrer through a chain with a driven gear and a driving gear so as to be simultaneously linked.
In the invention, the waterless ecological dry toilet comprises a toilet room; the toilet bowl can be arranged in the toilet room.
In the invention, the length, width and height of the composting chamber can be respectively 1m, 1m and 0.6m, and in a specific embodiment, the composting chamber 1/3 is positioned below the toilet bowl, and 2/3 of the composting chamber is positioned outside the toilet room;
the storage case is used for storing the covering material, covers the material that the excrement was dirty promptly, and the covering material includes at least one in kibbling straw, leaf, rice husk, chaff and plant ash.
In the ecological dry toilet, the liquid inlet of the liquid storage barrel is connected with the urine outlet of the urine purification chamber.
In the ecological dry toilet, a sealing ring is arranged at the joint of the movable shielding plate and the excrement outlet;
a rotating shaft is arranged between the cover plate a and the steel wire rope;
when the cover plate a is opened, the rotating shaft rotates to drive the steel wire rope, and the movable baffle is opened; when the cover plate a is closed, the rotating shaft rotates reversely, and the movable baffle returns to the original position under the action of gravity to block the manure outlet.
In the ecological dry toilet, the stirrer is driven by a motor connected with the stirrer;
the motor is arranged in an operation chamber outside the composting chamber;
the liquid storage barrel is also arranged in the operating chamber.
In the invention, the stirrer is used for stirring and aerating covering materials and excrement in the composting chamber, so that the fermentation efficiency of the excrement is improved, and the decomposition time is shortened.
In the ecological dry latrine, the waterless ecological dry latrine also comprises a heating system;
the heating system comprises a solar heat absorbing plate, and the solar heat absorbing plate is arranged at the upper part of the composting chamber outside the toilet room; the solar heat absorbing plate is used for absorbing solar heat and providing a heat source for fermentation of excrement in the composting room.
In the ecological dry toilet, the waterless ecological dry toilet further comprises an exhaust system which is arranged at the upper part of the composting chamber;
the exhaust system includes an exhaust pipe; and the two ends of the exhaust pipe are respectively provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the air inlet is communicated with the gas outlet of the composting chamber.
In the ecological dry latrine, the air inlet of the exhaust pipe is provided with an exhaust fan.
In the ecological dry toilet, the height of the exhaust pipe is 30-50cm higher than that of the toilet room;
and a rain-proof cap is arranged on the air outlet of the exhaust pipe.
In the ecological dry toilet, biomass adsorption bricks are laid in the urine purification chamber; the thickness of the biomass adsorption brick is 30cm, and the biomass adsorption brick is used for urine purification and deodorization;
a plurality of microorganism balls are arranged in the liquid storage barrel, specifically 5-8 microorganism balls are arranged in the liquid storage barrel, and the microorganism balls are used for purifying and deodorizing the liquid for the second time.
In the ecological dry toilet, the biomass adsorption brick is formed by mixing and pressing biochar, straw powder and/or rice husk and a microbial deodorant;
in the ecological dry toilet, the mass ratio of the biological carbon, the straw powder and/or the rice hull and the microbial deodorant can be specifically 3: 5-7.5: 0.1 to 1;
the grain size of the straw powder or the rice hull is 7.5-15 mm;
the bulk density of the biomass adsorption brick can be 75-125 kg/m3。
In the ecological dry toilet, the mass ratio of the biological carbon, the straw powder and/or the rice hull and the microbial deodorant can be specifically 3: 5.8: 0.2;
the grain diameter of the straw powder or the rice hull can be 10 mm;
the bulk density of the biomass adsorption brick can be 100kg/m3。
In the present invention, the biochar is commonly used biochar well known in the art;
the microbial beads are commonly used liquid purification and secondary deodorization reagent beads well known in the art.
The invention also provides a biomass adsorption brick which is prepared by mixing and pressing the biochar, the straw powder and/or the rice hull and the microbial deodorant.
In the biomass adsorption brick, the mass ratio of the biological carbon, the straw powder and/or the rice hull to the microbial deodorant is specifically 3: 5-7.5: 0.1 to 1;
the grain sizes of the straw powder or the rice hull are 7.5-15 mm;
the bulk density of the biomass adsorption brick is specifically 75-125 kg/m3。
In the biomass adsorption brick, the mass ratio of the biological carbon, the straw powder and/or the rice hull and the microbial deodorant can be specifically 3: 5.8: 0.2;
the grain diameter of the straw powder or the rice hull can be 10 mm;
the bulk density of the biomass adsorption brick can be 100kg/m3。
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) the ecological dry toilet of the invention can be consistent with the prior flushing toilet or squatting pan in appearance, but can effectively separate the excrement from the urine, and the urine is not easy to spill.
(2) The excrement outlet of the toilet is synchronously linked with the septic tank, so that the peculiar smell in the septic tank is effectively blocked.
(3) The special biomass adsorption bricks and the microorganism purification balls are used for treating and purifying urine and reducing odor.
(4) The feeding and the stirring of the covering material are carried out simultaneously, so that the manure decomposition efficiency is improved, and the generation of peculiar smell is reduced.
(5) The heat preservation function of the solar heat absorbing plate and the biomass adsorption brick is utilized to increase and maintain the temperature in the septic tank and improve the manure decomposition efficiency.
(6) The water in the urine is recovered and recycled as the flushing water of the closestool.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the ecological dry toilet of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a toilet bowl in the ecological dry toilet.
The individual labels in the figure are as follows:
1, a toilet room; 2. a toilet bowl; 3, covering a plate; 4, a rotating shaft; 5 rain-proof cap; 6, a movable baffle plate; 7, steel wire ropes; 8 a pressure presser; 9, a pressure water tank; 10 a stirrer; 11 an exhaust pipe; 12 a solar absorber plate; 13 a water inlet pipe; 14 a composting chamber; 15 motor; a compost plate with 16 holes; 17 urine purification chamber; 18 biomass adsorption bricks; 19 an operation chamber; 20 a liquid storage barrel; 21, a liquid outlet pipe; 22 a storage bin; 23 an automatic feeder; 24 a driven gear; 25, chains; 26 driving a gear; 27 exhaust fan.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, which is a schematic structural view of the waterless ecological dry toilet provided by the invention,comprises a toilet room 1, a toilet bowl 2, a liquid storage barrel 20, a pressure flushing device, a composting chamber 14, a urine purifying chamber 17, a storage box 22, an automatic feeding and stirring system, a heating system (a solar heat absorbing plate 12) and an exhaust system (comprising an exhaust pipe 11 and an exhaust fan 27). Wherein, as shown in fig. 2, the toilet bowl 2 is placed in a toilet room; a cover plate 3 is arranged on an opening of a pit of the toilet bowl 2, a water inlet is arranged at the upper part of the toilet bowl, a feces outlet is arranged at the bottom of the toilet bowl, a movable baffle 6 is arranged at the lower part of the feces outlet, the cover plate 3 is connected with the movable baffle 6 through a steel wire rope 5, and a rotating shaft 4 is arranged between the cover plate a 3 and the steel wire rope 5; when the cover plate 3 is opened, the rotating shaft 4 rotates to drive the steel wire rope 7, the movable baffle 6 at the excrement outlet is opened, when the cover plate 3 is closed, the rotating shaft 4 rotates reversely, and the movable baffle 6 returns to the original position under the action of gravity to block the excrement outlet. The liquid storage barrel 20 is provided with a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet and a barrel cover; the pressure flushing device 9 is placed on one side of the toilet bowl 2, a water inlet, a water outlet and a pressurizing button are arranged on the pressure flushing device 9, the water inlet of the pressure flushing device 9 is connected with the liquid outlet of the liquid storage barrel 20 through a water inlet pipe 13, and the water outlet of the pressure flushing device 9 is connected with the water inlet of the toilet bowl 2 through a pipeline; the liquid in the liquid storage barrel 20 is pressed into the toilet bowl 2 for flushing by the pressurizing button 8; the composting chamber 14 is positioned at the lower rear part of the toilet bowl 2, the length, the width and the height of the composting chamber 14 are respectively 1m, 1m and 0.6m, 1/3 of the composting chamber 14 is positioned below the toilet bowl 2, 2/3 is positioned outside a toilet room, and a stirrer 10 is arranged in the composting chamber 14 and used for stirring and aerating covering materials and excrement, so that the fermentation efficiency of the excrement is improved, and the rotten time is shortened; the storage box 22 is positioned outside the toilet room 1, the length, the width and the height are respectively 0.5m, 0.5m and 0.4m, and the feeder 23 is arranged inside the storage box 22; the feeder 23 is connected with the stirrer 10 through a chain 25 with a driven gear 24 and a driving gear 26, is driven by the motor 15, and is linked with one key at the same time; the urine purifying chamber 17 is arranged below the composting chamber 14, the length, the width and the height are 1m, 1m and 0.4m respectively, and biomass adsorption bricks 18 with the thickness of 30cm are paved in the urine purifying chamber 17; the biomass adsorption brick is prepared from biomass carbon, straw powder/rice hull, microbial deodorant and the like according to the weight ratio of 3: 5.8: 0.2, the bulk density of the biomass adsorption brick is 100kg/m3For purifying urine and deodorizing; the liquid storage barrel 20 passes through the urine purification chamber 17The liquid outlet pipeline 21 is connected, the volume is 50L, 5-8 microorganism balls are placed into the liquid storage barrel 20 for purification and secondary deodorization of liquid when the device is installed, and the liquid storage barrel 20 and the motor 15 are installed in the operation room 19; a clapboard 16 with holes is arranged between the urine purification chamber 17 and the composting chamber 13, and urine can leak into the urine storage chamber through the holes on the clapboard 16; the solar light absorption plate 12 is arranged at the upper part of the composting room outside the toilet room and is used for absorbing solar heat and providing a heat source for the fermentation of excrement in the composting room 14; the exhaust pipe 11 is positioned at the upper part of the composting chamber, the height of the exhaust pipe is 30-50cm greater than that of the toilet room, the diameter of the exhaust pipe is 10cm, an exhaust fan 27 is installed at the lower end of the exhaust pipe to accelerate the exhaust of gas in the composting chamber 14, and a rain-proof cap 5 is installed at the upper end of the exhaust pipe 11.
The use process of the ecological dry toilet is as follows:
before use, at least one of the crushed straw, leaves, rice hulls, rice bran and plant ash is added into the storage box 16. When the toilet is in use, the cover plate 3 is opened, the rotating shaft 4 rotates to drive the steel wire rope 7, the movable baffle 6 at the excrement outlet is opened, excrement and/or urine fall into the composting chamber 14 through the excrement outlet of the toilet bowl 2, the urine flows into the urine purifying chamber 17 through the holes in the porous composting plate 16 and the urine inlet connected with the urine, and the urine is purified and then flows into the liquid storage barrel 20. After the toilet is finished, a pressurizing button (also called a pressure presser 8) of the pressure flushing device is pressed to press the urine purified in the liquid storage barrel 20 into the pressure water tank 9, and then the water in the pressure water tank 9 flows into the toilet bowl 2 for flushing; the cover plate 3 is closed, the rotating shaft rotates reversely, and the movable baffle 6 returns to the original position under the action of gravity to block the manure outlet; the motor 15 in the operation chamber 19 is started, and the stirrer 10 drives the automatic feeder 23 through the chain 25 with the driven gear 24 and the driving gear 26 to transport the straw and the ash to the composting chamber and mix the straw and the ash with the excrement through stirring. In the period, excrement in the composting room is composted through the solar heat absorption and absorption plate 12, and the exhaust fan 27 is started to exhaust in the composting process.

Claims (10)

1. An ecological dry pail latrine, its characterized in that: the ecological dry toilet comprises a toilet bowl, a liquid storage barrel, a pressure flushing device, a composting chamber, a urine purifying chamber, a storage tank and an automatic feeding and stirring system;
a cover plate a is arranged on the opening of the pit of the toilet bowl, a water inlet is arranged at the upper part of the pit, and a feces outlet is arranged at the bottom of the pit; the lower part of the manure outlet is provided with a movable baffle plate, and the cover plate a and the movable baffle plate are connected through a steel wire rope to be opened and closed simultaneously;
the liquid storage barrel is provided with a liquid inlet, a liquid outlet and a barrel cover;
the pressure flushing device is arranged on one side of the toilet and is provided with a water inlet, a water outlet and a pressurizing button, the water inlet of the pressure flushing device is connected with the liquid outlet on the liquid storage barrel through a water inlet pipe, and the water outlet of the pressure flushing device is connected with the water inlet of the toilet through a pipeline;
the composting chamber is arranged at the lower part of the toilet bowl, and part of the composting chamber is positioned at the rear part of the toilet bowl; the composting chamber is provided with a manure inlet, a covering material inlet, a gas outlet and a manure outlet of the composting chamber, and a perforated composting plate is arranged inside the composting chamber; the excrement inlet is communicated with an excrement outlet of the toilet bowl;
the urine purification chamber is arranged at the bottom of the composting chamber and is provided with a urine inlet and a urine outlet, and the urine inlet is connected with the holes in the perforated composting plate;
the storage box is arranged on one side of the composting chamber, a charging opening and a spiral feeding opening are arranged on the storage box, a cover plate b is arranged on the charging opening, and the spiral feeding opening is connected with a covering material feeding opening of the composting chamber;
the automatic feeding and stirring system comprises an automatic feeder and a stirrer; the automatic feeder is arranged in the storage box, and the stirrer is arranged in the composting chamber; the automatic feeder is connected with one end of the stirrer through a chain with a driven gear and a driving gear so as to be simultaneously linked.
2. The ecological dry toilet according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the liquid inlet of the liquid storage barrel is connected with the urine outlet of the urine purifying chamber.
3. An ecological dry toilet according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: a sealing ring is arranged at the joint of the movable shielding plate and the feces outlet;
a rotating shaft is arranged between the cover plate a and the steel wire rope;
when the cover plate a is opened, the rotating shaft rotates to drive the steel wire rope, and the movable baffle is opened; when the cover plate a is closed, the rotating shaft rotates reversely, and the movable baffle returns to the original position under the action of gravity to block the manure outlet.
4. An ecological dry toilet according to any one of claims 1-3, characterised in that: the stirrer is driven by a motor connected with the stirrer;
the motor is arranged in an operation chamber outside the composting chamber;
the liquid storage barrel is also arranged in the operating chamber.
5. An ecological dry toilet according to any one of claims 1-4, characterised in that: the waterless ecological dry toilet further comprises a heating system;
the heating system comprises a solar heat absorbing plate, and the solar heat absorbing plate is arranged on the upper portion of the composting chamber outside the toilet room.
6. An ecological dry toilet according to any one of claims 1-5, characterised in that: the waterless ecological dry toilet further comprises an exhaust system which is arranged at the upper part of the composting chamber;
the exhaust system includes an exhaust pipe; and the two ends of the exhaust pipe are respectively provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the air inlet is communicated with the gas outlet of the composting chamber.
7. The ecological dry toilet according to claim 6, characterized in that: an exhaust fan is arranged at the air inlet of the exhaust pipe;
the height of the exhaust pipe is 30-50cm higher than that of the toilet room;
and a rain-proof cap is arranged on the air outlet of the exhaust pipe.
8. An ecological dry toilet according to any one of claims 1-7, characterised in that: paving biomass adsorption bricks in the urine purification chamber;
a plurality of microorganism balls are arranged in the liquid storage barrel.
9. The ecological dry toilet according to claim 8, characterized in that: the biomass adsorption brick is formed by mixing and pressing biochar, straw powder and/or rice hull and a microbial deodorant;
wherein the mass ratio of the biological carbon, the straw powder and/or the rice hull to the microbial deodorant is specifically 3: 5-7.5: 0.1 to 1;
the grain sizes of the straw powder or the rice hull are 7.5-15 mm;
the bulk density of the biomass adsorption brick is specifically 75-125 kg/m3。
10. A biomass adsorption brick is characterized in that: is prepared by mixing and pressing biochar, straw powder and/or rice hull and a microbial deodorant;
wherein the mass ratio of the biological carbon, the straw powder and/or the rice hull to the microbial deodorant is specifically 3: 5-7.5: 0.1 to 1;
the grain sizes of the straw powder or the rice hull are 7.5-15 mm;
the bulk density of the biomass adsorption brick is specifically 75-125 kg/m3。
CN202010640380.0A 2020-07-06 2020-07-06 Ecological dry toilet Pending CN111691516A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Family Applications (1)

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CN202010640380.0A Pending CN111691516A (en) 2020-07-06 2020-07-06 Ecological dry toilet

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112196040A (en) * 2020-09-27 2021-01-08 中国城市建设研究院有限公司 Water-saving deodorization type excrement biomass-fertilizing integrated toilet equipment
CN115227130A (en) * 2022-08-18 2022-10-25 榆林沙漠王生物科技有限公司 Rural dry latrine transformation resource utilization system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112196040A (en) * 2020-09-27 2021-01-08 中国城市建设研究院有限公司 Water-saving deodorization type excrement biomass-fertilizing integrated toilet equipment
CN115227130A (en) * 2022-08-18 2022-10-25 榆林沙漠王生物科技有限公司 Rural dry latrine transformation resource utilization system

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