CN110922223B - Domestic waste fermentation treatment device - Google Patents

Domestic waste fermentation treatment device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110922223B
CN110922223B CN201911300711.XA CN201911300711A CN110922223B CN 110922223 B CN110922223 B CN 110922223B CN 201911300711 A CN201911300711 A CN 201911300711A CN 110922223 B CN110922223 B CN 110922223B
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China
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crushing
fermentation
plate
wall
cavity
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201911300711.XA
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Chinese (zh)
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CN110922223A (en
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朱一
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Nanjing Forestry University
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Nanjing Forestry University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F9/00Fertilisers from household or town refuse
    • C05F9/02Apparatus for the manufacture
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05FORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F9/00Fertilisers from household or town refuse
    • C05F9/04Biological compost
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a household garbage fermentation treatment device which comprises an installation frame, a fermentation device, a stirring device and a crushing device, wherein the fermentation device is installed on the installation frame, the stirring device is installed on the fermentation device, the crushing device is installed on the side edge of the stirring device, and the crushing device is positioned above the fermentation device. The invention can solve the following problems in the fermentation treatment process of the kitchen garbage at present: a, new garbage is generated in a kitchen every day, after people pour the kitchen garbage into a fermentation tank, the fermentation speed of the kitchen garbage is slow, and the number of required fermentation tanks is increased, so that extra economic expenditure is caused; b, the kitchen waste is not fermented sufficiently, and when the fermented residues are discharged and used as fertilizers, harmful bacteria and toxic gases can be remained in the residues, so that the environment can be still polluted.

Description

Domestic waste fermentation treatment device
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of household garbage processing, in particular to a household garbage fermentation treatment device.
Background
The household garbage refers to solid waste generated in daily life or activities for providing services to daily life, and solid waste regarded as household garbage according to laws and administrative laws. It can be generally divided into kitchen waste, recoverable waste, toxic and harmful waste and other waste; the invention mainly aims at the treatment of kitchen waste, which is waste generated in daily life and food processing, food service, unit meal supply and other activities of residents, and comprises abandoned vegetable leaves, leftovers, fruit peels, eggshells, tea leaves, bones and the like, and the main sources of the kitchen waste are household kitchens, restaurants, mess halls, markets and other industries related to food processing.
The kitchen waste is placed for a long time, so that on one hand, indoor air is polluted; on the other hand, various health hidden troubles are buried. Kitchen waste can be converted into new resources through proper treatment and processing, the characteristic of high organic matter content enables the kitchen waste to be used as fertilizer and feed after strict treatment, methane can also be generated to be used as fuel or power generation, and the grease part can be used for preparing biofuel.
The existing fermentation treatment for the kitchen waste has the following problems: a, new garbage is generated in a kitchen every day, after people pour the kitchen garbage into a fermentation tank, the fermentation speed of the kitchen garbage is slow, and the number of required fermentation tanks is increased, so that extra economic expenditure is caused; b, the fermentation of the kitchen waste is insufficient, and people directly pour the kitchen waste into the fermentation tank and then start to ferment, so that the kitchen waste is not further crushed, and the waste is not stirred in the fermentation process, so that the fermentation of the waste is insufficient, and when the fermented residue is discharged and used as a fertilizer, harmful bacteria and toxic gas can be remained in the residue, and the environment can still be polluted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a domestic garbage fermentation treatment device to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a domestic waste fermentation treatment device, includes mounting bracket, fermenting installation, agitating unit and reducing mechanism: the mounting frame is provided with a fermentation device, the fermentation device is provided with a stirring device, the side edge of the stirring device is provided with a crushing device, and the crushing device is positioned above the fermentation device; wherein:
the fermentation device comprises a fermentation tank, a slag discharge valve, a pushing plate, an exhaust valve and a heating mechanism, wherein the bottom of the fermentation tank is funnel-shaped and is provided with a slag discharge port, the slag discharge port is provided with the slag discharge valve, the top of the fermentation tank is provided with the pushing plate, the edge of the pushing plate is provided with an exhaust hole, the exhaust hole is provided with the exhaust valve, the middle of the pushing plate is provided with a fan blade-shaped hole, the edge of the hole is sleeved with a rubber ring, and the outer wall of the fermentation tank is provided with the heating mechanism;
agitating unit includes multistage cylinder, storage plate, agitator motor and fan blade, and the mounting bracket upper end is provided with accomodates the chamber, accomodates chamber top inner wall and is connected with multistage cylinder bottom, and multistage cylinder mid-mounting has storage plate, and storage plate surface is seted up flutedly, and the inside flabellum die cavity of having seted up of storage plate, agitator motor is installed at multistage cylinder top, and fan blade is installed to agitator motor output shaft.
The reducing mechanism is including smashing the cavity, actuating mechanism, the roller is smashed to the one-level, the roller is smashed to the second grade, blade clearance mechanism and bottom plate clearance mechanism, smash the cavity upper end and seted up the pan feeding mouth, install the apron on the pan feeding mouth, install actuating mechanism on the crushing cavity lateral wall, smash the inside from the top down of cavity and install in proper order the one-level and smash roller and second grade and smash the roller, roller and second grade are smashed and evenly be provided with crushing blade on the roller to the one-level, and crushing blade on the roller is smashed to the one-level is less than the crushing blade on the roller is smashed to the second grade, smash the outer upper wall of cavity and install blade clearance mechanism, smash and install bottom plate clearance mechanism on the cavity bottom plate inner wall.
As a further scheme of the invention: the heating mechanism comprises a heating pipe and a heating pipe, the heating pipe is evenly arranged on the outer wall of the fermentation tank, a heat insulation plate covers the outer side of the heating pipe, and the heat insulation plate is installed on the outer wall of the fermentation tank.
As a further scheme of the invention: the driving mechanism comprises a driving motor, a main gear and a driven gear, an output shaft of the driving motor is connected with the main gear, the main gear is meshed with the driven gear, the main gear is installed at one end of the secondary crushing roller, and the driven gear is installed at one end of the primary crushing roller.
As a further scheme of the invention: blade clearance mechanism includes first electric putter, supporting baseplate, buffer spring, support front bezel and first doctor-bar, is provided with the riser on the outer upper wall of crushing cavity, and the riser is connected with first electric putter bottom, and first electric putter is connected with the supporting baseplate, and the supporting baseplate is connected with buffer spring one end, and the buffer spring other end is connected with the support front bezel, evenly installs first doctor-bar on the support front bezel.
As a further scheme of the invention: the bottom plate cleaning mechanism comprises a second electric push rod and a second scraping blade, a sliding groove is formed in the bottom of the inner wall of the side of the crushing cavity, the front end of the inner wall of the bottom plate of the crushing cavity is connected with the bottom end of the second electric push rod, the front end of the second electric push rod is connected with the second scraping blade, two ends of the second scraping blade are slidably mounted in the sliding groove, and the bottom of the second scraping blade is attached to the inner wall of the bottom plate of the crushing cavity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the following problems in the fermentation treatment process of the kitchen waste can be solved: a, new garbage is generated in a kitchen every day, after people pour the kitchen garbage into a fermentation tank, the fermentation speed of the kitchen garbage is slow, and the number of required fermentation tanks is increased, so that extra economic expenditure is caused; b, the fermentation of the kitchen waste is insufficient, and people directly pour the kitchen waste into the fermentation tank and then start to ferment, so that the kitchen waste is not further crushed, and the waste is not stirred in the fermentation process, so that the fermentation of the waste is insufficient, and when the fermented residue is discharged and used as a fertilizer, harmful bacteria and toxic gas can be remained in the residue, and the environment can still be polluted.
When the heating mechanism of the device works, the fermentation tank can be uniformly heated, so that the garbage fermentation is quicker; when the crushing device of the device provided by the invention is in operation, the kitchen garbage is fully crushed and then pushed into the fermentation tank, so that the garbage can be fully fermented.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a rear view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the stirring device and heating mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the stirring device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation features, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further explained with reference to fig. 1 to 4.
A household garbage fermentation treatment device comprises an installation frame 1, a fermentation device 2, a stirring device 3 and a crushing device 4, wherein the fermentation device 2 is installed on the installation frame 1, the stirring device 3 is installed on the fermentation device 2, the crushing device 4 is installed on the side edge of the stirring device 3, and the crushing device 4 is located above the fermentation device 2; wherein:
the fermentation device 2 comprises a fermentation tank 21, a slag discharge valve 22, a pushing plate 23, an exhaust valve 24 and a heating mechanism 25, wherein the bottom of the fermentation tank 21 is funnel-shaped and is provided with a slag discharge port, the slag discharge port is provided with the slag discharge valve 22, the top of the fermentation tank 21 is provided with the pushing plate 23, the edge of the pushing plate 23 is provided with an exhaust hole, the exhaust hole is provided with the exhaust valve 24, the middle of the pushing plate 23 is provided with a fan-shaped hole, the edge of the hole is sleeved with a rubber ring 231, the outer wall of the fermentation tank 21 is provided with the heating mechanism 25, during specific work, kitchen waste is placed inside the fermentation tank 21, the tank port is sealed by the pushing plate 23, gas is generated in the waste fermentation process, the exhaust valve 24 is provided with a gas collecting and processing device, the heating mechanism 25 can effectively accelerate the waste fermentation progress, after the waste fermentation is completed, the slag discharge valve 22 is opened, the pushing plate 23 is moved downwards to push out residues in the fermentation tank 21, and collecting and processing the residue.
The heating mechanism 25 comprises a heating pipe 251 and a heating pipe 252, the heating pipe 251 is uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the fermentation tank 21, a heat insulation plate 252 covers the outer side of the heating pipe 251, and the heat insulation plate 252 is arranged on the outer wall of the fermentation tank 21.
The stirring device 3 comprises a multi-stage cylinder 31, a containing plate 32, a stirring motor 33 and fan blades 34, the containing cavity 11 is arranged at the upper end of the mounting frame 1, the inner wall of the top end of the containing cavity 11 is connected with the bottom of the multi-stage cylinder 31, the containing plate 32 is arranged in the middle of the multi-stage cylinder 31, a groove 321 is formed in the surface of the containing plate 32, a fan blade cavity 322 is formed in the containing plate 32, the stirring motor 33 is arranged at the top of the multi-stage cylinder 31, and the fan blades 34 are arranged on an output shaft of the stirring motor 33; after the garbage fermentation is finished, the stirring motor 33 is withdrawn to the fan blade cavity 322, then the multi-stage cylinder 31 is started, and the pushing plate 23 is pushed to move downwards to discharge the residues.
The crushing device 4 comprises a crushing cavity 41, a driving mechanism 42, a first-stage crushing roller 43, a second-stage crushing roller 44, a blade cleaning mechanism 45 and a bottom plate cleaning mechanism 46, wherein a feeding port 411 is formed in the upper end of the crushing cavity 41, a cover plate 12 is installed on the feeding port 411, the driving mechanism 42 is installed on the outer side wall of the crushing cavity 41, the first-stage crushing roller 43 and the second-stage crushing roller 44 are sequentially installed inside the crushing cavity 41 from top to bottom, crushing blades 412 are uniformly arranged on the first-stage crushing roller 43 and the second-stage crushing roller 44, the number of the crushing blades 412 on the first-stage crushing roller 43 is smaller than that of the crushing blades 412 on the second-stage crushing roller 44, the blade cleaning mechanism 45 is installed on the outer upper wall of the crushing cavity 41, the bottom plate cleaning mechanism 46 is installed on the inner wall of the bottom plate of the crushing cavity 41, during specific work, the driving mechanism 42 drives the first-stage crushing roller 43 and the second-stage crushing roller 44 to rotate, so that the crushing blades 412 can fully crush kitchen garbage, when the garbage is crushed, the cover plate 12 is covered to prevent the garbage from splashing, after the crushing is finished, the blade cleaning mechanism 45 is started and the driving motor 42 is reversed, so that the primary crushing roller 43 and the secondary crushing roller 44 are reversed, the crushing blade 412 is cleaned up, the bottom plate cleaning mechanism 46 is started again to clean the inner wall of the bottom plate of the crushing cavity 41, and the crushed garbage is pushed into the fermentation tank 21.
The driving mechanism 42 comprises a driving motor 421, a main gear 422 and a secondary gear 423, an output shaft of the driving motor 421 is connected with the main gear 422, the main gear 422 is meshed with the secondary gear 423, the main gear 422 is installed at one end of the secondary crushing roller 44, the secondary gear 423 is installed at one end of the primary crushing roller 43, and during specific work, the driving motor 421 drives the main gear 422 to rotate and drives the secondary gear 423 to rotate, so that the primary crushing roller 43 and the secondary crushing roller 44 are driven to rotate, and the purpose of crushing the kitchen waste is achieved.
The blade cleaning mechanism 45 includes a first electric push rod 451, a supporting bottom plate 452, a buffer spring 453, a supporting front plate 454 and a first scraping blade 455, a vertical plate 413 is arranged on the outer upper wall of the crushing cavity 41, the vertical plate 413 is connected with the bottom end of the first electric push rod 451, the first electric push rod 451 is connected with the supporting bottom plate 452, the supporting bottom plate 452 is connected with one end of the buffer spring 453, the other end of the buffer spring 453 is connected with the supporting front plate 454, the first scraping blade 455 is uniformly installed on the supporting front plate 454, in the specific working process, the first electric push rod 451 is started to drive the first scraping blade 455 to move down to a proper position to scrape the garbage attached to the surface of the crushing blade 412, and when the crushing blade 412 is cleaned by the buffer spring 453, the first scraping blade 455 can be prevented from being blocked with the crushing blade 412, so that the crushing blade 412 can be stably cleaned.
The bottom plate cleaning mechanism 46 includes a second electric push rod 461 and a second scraping blade 462, a chute 414 is provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the side of the crushing cavity 41, the front end of the inner wall of the bottom plate of the crushing cavity 41 is connected with the bottom end of the second electric push rod 461, the front end of the second electric push rod 461 is connected with the second scraping blade 462, two ends of the second scraping blade 462 are slidably mounted in the chute 414, and the bottom of the second scraping blade 462 is attached to the inner wall of the bottom plate of the crushing cavity 41, during specific work, the second electric push rod 461 drives the second scraping blade 462 to move forward, so as to scrape the garbage on the inner wall of the bottom plate of the crushing cavity 41, and push the garbage into the fermentation tank 21.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the driving mechanism 42 drives the first-stage crushing roller 43 and the second-stage crushing roller 44 to rotate, so that the crushing blade 412 fully crushes the kitchen waste, after crushing is finished, the blade cleaning mechanism 45 is started and the driving motor 42 is reversed, so that the first-stage crushing roller 43 and the second-stage crushing roller 44 are reversed, the crushing blade 412 is cleaned, the bottom plate cleaning mechanism 46 is started to clean the inner wall of the bottom plate of the crushing cavity 41, and the crushed waste is pushed into the fermentation tank 21; the multistage cylinder 31 drives the containing plate 32 to move downwards to the pushing plate 23, so that the groove 321 is attached to the rubber ring 231, the fermentation tank 21 is sealed, the multistage cylinder 31 is extended to drive the stirring motor 33 to continuously move downwards to a proper position, the stirring motor 33 is started to drive the fan blade 34 to rotate, the garbage in the fermentation tank 21 is stirred, the garbage is fully fermented, gas is generated in the garbage fermentation process, a gas collecting and processing device is installed on the exhaust valve 24, the heating mechanism 25 can effectively accelerate the garbage fermentation progress, after the garbage fermentation is finished, the stirring motor 33 is retracted into the fan blade cavity 322, the multistage cylinder 31 is started to push the pushing plate 23 to move downwards to discharge residues, after the residues are discharged completely, the pushing plate 23 moves upwards to an initial position along with the multistage cylinder 31 to be separated from the fan blade cavity 322, and the multistage cylinder 31 drives the fan blade cavity 322 to be contained in the containing cavity 11, then the next fermentation of the kitchen waste is carried out.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present patent have been described in detail, the present patent is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present patent within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

Claims (2)

1. The utility model provides a domestic waste fermentation processing apparatus, includes mounting bracket (1), fermenting installation (2), agitating unit (3) and reducing mechanism (4), its characterized in that: a fermentation device (2) is installed on the installation frame (1), a stirring device (3) is installed on the fermentation device (2), a crushing device (4) is installed on the side edge of the stirring device (3), and the crushing device (4) is located above the fermentation device (2); wherein:
the fermentation device (2) comprises a fermentation tank (21), a slag discharge valve (22), a pushing plate (23), an exhaust valve (24) and a heating mechanism (25), wherein the bottom of the fermentation tank (21) is funnel-shaped and is provided with a slag discharge port, the slag discharge port is provided with the slag discharge valve (22), the top of the fermentation tank (21) is provided with the pushing plate (23), the edge of the pushing plate (23) is provided with an exhaust hole, the exhaust hole is provided with the exhaust valve (24), the middle of the pushing plate (23) is provided with a fan blade-shaped hole, the edge of the hole is sleeved with a rubber ring (231), and the outer wall of the fermentation tank (21) is provided with the heating mechanism (25);
the stirring device (3) comprises a multi-stage cylinder (31), a containing plate (32), a stirring motor (33) and fan blades (34), a containing cavity (11) is formed in the upper end of the mounting rack (1), the inner wall of the top end of the containing cavity (11) is connected with the bottom of the multi-stage cylinder (31), the containing plate (32) is installed in the middle of the multi-stage cylinder (31), a groove (321) is formed in the surface of the containing plate (32), a fan blade cavity (322) is formed in the containing plate (32), the stirring motor (33) is installed at the top of the multi-stage cylinder (31), and the fan blades (34) are installed on an output shaft of the stirring motor (33);
the crushing device (4) comprises a crushing cavity (41), a driving mechanism (42), a primary crushing roller (43), a secondary crushing roller (44), a blade cleaning mechanism (45) and a bottom plate cleaning mechanism (46), a feeding port (411) is formed in the upper end of the crushing cavity (41), a cover plate (12) is installed on the feeding port (411), the driving mechanism (42) is installed on the outer side wall of the crushing cavity (41), the primary crushing roller (43) and the secondary crushing roller (44) are sequentially installed inside the crushing cavity (41) from top to bottom, crushing blades (412) are uniformly arranged on the primary crushing roller (43) and the secondary crushing roller (44), the crushing blades (412) on the primary crushing roller (43) are less than the crushing blades (412) on the secondary crushing roller (44), the blade cleaning mechanism (45) is installed on the outer upper wall of the crushing cavity (41), and the bottom plate cleaning mechanism (46) is installed on the inner wall of the bottom plate of the crushing cavity (41);
the driving mechanism (42) comprises a driving motor (421), a main gear (422) and a driven gear (423), an output shaft of the driving motor (421) is connected with the main gear (422), the main gear (422) is meshed with the driven gear (423), the main gear (422) is installed at one end of the secondary crushing roller (44), and the driven gear (423) is installed at one end of the primary crushing roller (43);
the blade cleaning mechanism (45) comprises a first electric push rod (451), a supporting bottom plate (452), a buffer spring (453), a supporting front plate (454) and first scraping blades (455), a vertical plate (413) is arranged on the outer upper wall of the crushing cavity (41), the vertical plate (413) is connected with the bottom end of the first electric push rod (451), the first electric push rod (451) is connected with the supporting bottom plate (452), the supporting bottom plate (452) is connected with one end of the buffer spring (453), the other end of the buffer spring (453) is connected with the supporting front plate (454), and the first scraping blades (455) are uniformly arranged on the supporting front plate (454);
bottom plate clearance mechanism (46) include second electric putter (461) and second doctor-bar (462), crushing cavity (41) side inner wall bottom has seted up spout (414), crushing cavity (41) bottom plate inner wall front end is connected with second electric putter (461) bottom, second electric putter (461) front end is connected with second doctor-bar (462), second doctor-bar (462) both ends slidable mounting is in spout (414), and laminating of second doctor-bar (462) bottom and crushing cavity (41) bottom plate inner wall.
2. The domestic waste fermentation treatment device of claim 1, wherein: the heating mechanism (25) comprises heating tubes (251) and heat insulation plates (252), the heating tubes (251) are uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the fermentation tank (21), the heat insulation plates (252) are covered on the outer sides of the heating tubes (251), and the heat insulation plates (252) are installed on the outer wall of the fermentation tank (21).
CN201911300711.XA 2019-12-17 2019-12-17 Domestic waste fermentation treatment device Expired - Fee Related CN110922223B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201911300711.XA CN110922223B (en) 2019-12-17 2019-12-17 Domestic waste fermentation treatment device

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CN110922223B true CN110922223B (en) 2021-11-23

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CN111530892B (en) * 2020-05-11 2021-09-17 浙江绿华生态科技有限公司 Biological fermentation device for household garbage treatment
CN113548919A (en) * 2021-07-29 2021-10-26 张风浩 Production facility of microbial fermentation preparation liquid fertilizer

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