CN107183329A - 一种含鸡粉的星斑川鲽幼鱼饲料 - Google Patents
一种含鸡粉的星斑川鲽幼鱼饲料 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107183329A CN107183329A CN201710522028.5A CN201710522028A CN107183329A CN 107183329 A CN107183329 A CN 107183329A CN 201710522028 A CN201710522028 A CN 201710522028A CN 107183329 A CN107183329 A CN 107183329A
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- chicken powder
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- NEGYEDYHPHMHGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-methoxyamphetamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(CC(C)N)C=C1 NEGYEDYHPHMHGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
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- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 108010062010 N-Acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine Amidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
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- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N choline Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCO OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- AGVAZMGAQJOSFJ-WZHZPDAFSA-M cobalt(2+);[(2r,3s,4r,5s)-5-(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] [(2r)-1-[3-[(1r,2r,3r,4z,7s,9z,12s,13s,14z,17s,18s,19r)-2,13,18-tris(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-7,12,17-tris(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-3,5,8,8,13,15,18,19-octamethyl-2 Chemical compound [Co+2].N#[C-].[N-]([C@@H]1[C@H](CC(N)=O)[C@@]2(C)CCC(=O)NC[C@@H](C)OP(O)(=O)O[C@H]3[C@H]([C@H](O[C@@H]3CO)N3C4=CC(C)=C(C)C=C4N=C3)O)\C2=C(C)/C([C@H](C\2(C)C)CCC(N)=O)=N/C/2=C\C([C@H]([C@@]/2(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=N\C\2=C(C)/C2=N[C@]1(C)[C@@](C)(CC(N)=O)[C@@H]2CCC(N)=O AGVAZMGAQJOSFJ-WZHZPDAFSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
- A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/158—Fatty acids; Fats; Products containing oils or fats
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
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- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
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- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于水产养殖技术领域，具体涉及一种含鸡粉的星斑川鲽幼鱼饲料，包括含鸡粉的复合粉，含鸡粉的复合粉对饲料中鱼粉的替代量为75‑85%；所述含鸡粉的复合粉按重量份包括：鸡粉12‑18份、鸡胚粉4‑7份、肉骨粉8‑12份、玉米花粉1‑2份；所述鸡胚粉的制备方法为：选12日龄鸡胚，清洗、去壳后得到鸡胚液在容器中，加入相当于其重量份0.6‑1.2%的质量浓度为22%的乙酸，搅拌均匀后铺平成2mm厚的薄片，在46‑50℃的条件下烘烤6‑8小时，揭片，研磨成粉即可。本发明中含鸡粉的复合粉能有效替代大部分鱼粉，且能提高星斑川鲽幼鱼的生长性能和抗氧化能力，经济效益显著。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于水产养殖技术领域，具体涉及一种含鸡粉的星斑川鲽幼鱼饲料。
背景技术
生物受到逆境胁迫时，体内活性氧自由基如超阴离子、羟自由基、过氧化氢等产生过多，氧化系统与抗氧化系统失衡，从而导致组织损伤，基体内清除多余自由基的防御系统由酶系统和非酶系统组成，抗氧化酶系主要包括超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、非酶系统由维生素C、维生素E、维生素A、谷胱甘肽、巯基类化合物及维生素如硒、铜、锌等构成；星斑川鲽营养价值高、口感独特，具有耐运输、冷藏后肉质基本不变的优点，因此，深受消费者喜爱，其性格温驯、适应性强，具有广温、广盐、生长速度快及抗病力强等特点，适合集约化养殖模式，是一种潜力巨大的养殖鱼类，但是，目前对星斑川鲽营养和饲料的研究主要集中在蛋白、脂肪、胆碱、锌等营养需求以及新型蛋白源开发等方面，而对如何提高其生长性能以及免疫性能的研究较少，因此应当进一步研究。
鱼粉因蛋白质含量高、氨基酸平衡、适口性好、抗营养因子少、利于消化吸收等特点，作为饲料中最重要的蛋白源一直被广泛应用于水产养殖业，但由于近年来不良气候影响、海洋 环境污染、生态环境恶化及过度捕捞等原因，渔业资源受到严重破坏，导致全球鱼粉供应量下降，另一方面随着市场对水产品需求量的日益增加，水产养殖业快速发展，使得鱼粉等原料资源供需矛盾日益紧张，市场价格波动随之增大，因此，需要寻找质优价廉、来源丰富的鱼粉替代物，成为全球水产养殖业可持续发展的关键；肉骨粉产品粗蛋白含量一般为50-60%，并含有较高含量的磷、锌、硒、维生素B6和B12，且氨基酸组成比较平衡，蛋氨酸含量为0.5%-0.8%，赖氨酸含量为1-2.6%，氨基酸含量及可利用率因原料来源和加工工艺不同而不同，价格相对鱼粉便宜，因而肉骨粉可以用作鱼粉的代替蛋白质源，但肉骨粉用作星斑川鲽幼鱼的蛋白质源时替代量如果超过13%，就会其生长性能产生负面影响，超过17.6%，抗应激能力也会下降，究其原因，主要有以下几个方面，动物蛋白源中脂肪饱和度过高引起适口性变差，或饲料中可消化营养物质比例下降，导致星斑川鲽幼鱼对其无法适应；氨基酸结构不平衡、灰分含量高都会引起含肉骨粉的饲料消化率低，为了改善以上问题，现有技术中提出了通过添加氨基酸，平衡饲料中的氨基酸组成来解决以上问题，但出现了消化率高的同时饲料系数大幅度降低的现象；通过添加不同的蛋白源来改善这一问题，但均未同时解决以上问题，因此，需要进行进一步研究。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的肉骨粉无法有效代替鱼粉的问题，提供了一种含鸡粉的星斑川鲽幼鱼饲料。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：一种含鸡粉的星斑川鲽幼鱼饲料，包括含鸡粉的复合粉，含鸡粉的复合粉对饲料中鱼粉的替代量为75-85%；所述含鸡粉的复合粉按重量份包括：鸡粉12-18份、鸡胚粉4-7份、肉骨粉8-12份、玉米花粉1-2份；所述鸡胚粉的制备方法为：选12日龄鸡胚，清洗、去壳后得到鸡胚液在容器中，加入相当于其重量份0.6-1.2%的质量浓度为22%的乙酸，搅拌均匀后铺平成2mm厚的薄片，在46-50℃的条件下烘烤6-8小时，揭片，研磨成粉即可。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述鸡粉中粗蛋白含量为44-46%、粗脂肪含量为42-44%。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述星斑川鲽幼鱼饲料包括以下重量份的原料：鱼粉8-12份、含鸡粉的复合粉36-40份、大豆浓缩蛋白18份、花生粕8份、乌贼内脏粉3份、鱼油4份、淀粉5.44份、α淀粉5份、矿物质预混料2份、维生素预混料1份、α纤维素4份、粘合剂1份、氯化胆碱（50%）0.5份、抗氧化剂0.06份。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述玉米花粉为破壁后的玉米花粉，破壁方法为：将花粉放入微波频率为1500-1800MHz的条件下处理35-40秒，然后将花粉取出，放入质量浓度为12.5-15%的柠檬酸溶液中，取出后将花粉风干，再次放入微波频率为1800-2000MHz的条件下处理20-25秒，取出花粉后再次放入质量浓度为12.5-15%的柠檬酸溶液中，取出后将花粉风干，风干后再次放入微波频率为1500-1800MHz的条件下处理20-25秒，取出后自然冷却即得。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进，所述花粉在微波条件下处理时，花粉厚度不超过4cm；花粉在相当于其重量8-10倍的柠檬酸溶液中浸泡；所述花粉风干后含水率为12-18%。
用以上方法对玉米花粉破壁操作方法相对简单，利用微波能使花粉内的极性分子快速震动，分子间互相摩擦和碰撞发生裂变，从而是画风的厚壁崩裂，使有效成分崩胀出来，再利用柠檬酸溶液使花粉骤冷，提高花粉结构的稳定性，由于微波能不产生热，能使花粉中有效成分得以保存。
利用本发明中方法制备鸡胚粉，能进一步增加鸡胚粉中硒元素含量，使硒元素含量达到1.18mg/kg以上，所含维生素与其他原料配合，有助于提高星斑川鲽由于的生长性能，其中胆固醇由乙酸作用，使其对血清中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的浓度没有影响。
利用本发明中含鸡粉的复合粉替代部分鱼粉，当替代量超过一定范围后，就会降低其饲料系数。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点：本发明中利用鸡粉、鸡胚粉、肉骨粉、玉米花粉合理配比，对星斑川鲽幼鱼消化酶活性有促进作用，提高对营养物质的吸收利用能力，增加其肠道褶皱，增大吸收面积，增强消化道吸收能力，提高星斑川鲽幼鱼的生长性能，还能抑制机体对脂肪的消化、吸收，降低了机体脂肪的蓄积，使星斑川鲽血清抗超氧阴离子活性，显著提高星斑川鲽幼鱼的抗氧化能力；本发明中含鸡粉的复合粉能有效替代大部分鱼粉，且能提高星斑川鲽幼鱼的生长性能和抗氧化能力，经济效益显著。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种含鸡粉的星斑川鲽幼鱼饲料，包括含鸡粉的复合粉，含鸡粉的复合粉对饲料中鱼粉的替代量为80%；所述含鸡粉的复合粉按重量份包括：鸡粉15份、鸡胚粉5份、肉骨粉10份、玉米花粉2份；所述鸡胚粉的制备方法为：选12日龄鸡胚，清洗、去壳后得到鸡胚液在容器中，加入相当于其重量份0.8%的质量浓度为22%的乙酸，搅拌均匀后铺平成2mm厚的薄片，在50℃的条件下烘烤7小时，揭片，研磨成粉即可。
其中，所述鸡粉中粗蛋白含量为44-46%、粗脂肪含量为42-44%。
其中，所述星斑川鲽幼鱼饲料包括以下重量份的原料：鱼粉8-12份、含鸡粉的复合粉36-40份、大豆浓缩蛋白18份、花生粕8份、乌贼内脏粉3份、鱼油4份、淀粉5.44份、α淀粉5份、矿物质预混料2份、维生素预混料1份、α纤维素4份、粘合剂1份、氯化胆碱（50%）0.5份、抗氧化剂0.06份。
其中，所述玉米花粉为破壁后的玉米花粉，破壁方法为：将花粉放入微波频率为1500-1800MHz的条件下处理35-40秒，然后将花粉取出，放入质量浓度为12.5-15%的柠檬酸溶液中，取出后将花粉风干，再次放入微波频率为1800-2000MHz的条件下处理20-25秒，取出花粉后再次放入质量浓度为12.5-15%的柠檬酸溶液中，取出后将花粉风干，风干后再次放入微波频率为1500-1800MHz的条件下处理20-25秒，取出后自然冷却即得。
其中，所述花粉在微波条件下处理时，花粉厚度不超过4cm；花粉在相当于其重量8-10倍的柠檬酸溶液中浸泡；所述花粉风干后含水率为12-18%。
实施例2
一种含鸡粉的星斑川鲽幼鱼饲料，包括含鸡粉的复合粉，含鸡粉的复合粉对饲料中鱼粉的替代量为75%；所述含鸡粉的复合粉按重量份包括：鸡粉18份、鸡胚粉4份、肉骨粉8份、玉米花粉2份；所述鸡胚粉的制备方法为：选12日龄鸡胚，清洗、去壳后得到鸡胚液在容器中，加入相当于其重量份0.8%的质量浓度为22%的乙酸，搅拌均匀后铺平成2mm厚的薄片，在48℃的条件下烘烤6小时，揭片，研磨成粉即可。
其余内容与实施例1中相同。
实施例3
一种含鸡粉的星斑川鲽幼鱼饲料，包括含鸡粉的复合粉，含鸡粉的复合粉对饲料中鱼粉的替代量为85%；所述含鸡粉的复合粉按重量份包括：鸡粉12份、鸡胚粉7份、肉骨粉12份、玉米花粉1份；所述鸡胚粉的制备方法为：选12日龄鸡胚，清洗、去壳后得到鸡胚液在容器中，加入相当于其重量份0.6-1.2%的质量浓度为22%的乙酸，搅拌均匀后铺平成2mm厚的薄片，在46-50℃的条件下烘烤6-8小时，揭片，研磨成粉即可。
其余内容与实施例1中相同。
设置对照组1为，不用含鸡粉的复合粉代替鱼粉，即所述星斑川鲽幼鱼饲料包括以下重量份的原料：鱼粉48份、大豆浓缩蛋白18份、花生粕8份、乌贼内脏粉3份、鱼油4份、淀粉5.44份、α淀粉5份、矿物质预混料2份、维生素预混料1份、α纤维素4份、粘合剂1份、氯化胆碱（50%）0.5份、抗氧化剂0.06份；
设置对照组2，将实施例1中含鸡粉的复合粉替换为等量的鸡粉，其余内容不变；设置对照组3，将实施例1中含鸡粉的复合粉替换为等量的肉骨粉，其余内容不变；设置对照组4，将实施例1中含鸡粉的复合粉替换为等量的肉骨粉与骨粉按重量比3:2混合，其余内容不变；设置对照组5，将玉米花粉替换为等重量的松花粉，其余内容不变；设置对照组6，将玉米花粉的破壁方法按照现有常规方法破壁，其余内容不变，现有常规破壁方法为温差破壁法；设置对照组7，将实施例1中鸡胚粉按照常规方法制备，具体内容为，取9日龄鸡胚，处理后得到鸡胚液，在容器中铺平成2mm的薄片，在54℃烘烤过夜，揭片后研磨成粉，即得，其余内容不变；
在当地养殖场的养殖系统中驯养两周，饥饿24小时后挑选出500尾体质健壮、规格相似的个体平均分成10组进行为期8周的养殖实验，养殖条件为：水温18-20℃，盐度为28-30，pH值为7.6-8，溶氧量为6.5-7mg/L，氨氮、亚硝酸氮浓度低于0.1mg/L，每天上午和下午各投食一次，分别记录相关数据，得到各组的生长性能如下：
表1
| 组别 | 初重（g） | 末重（g） | 增重率（%） | 特定生长率（%） | 饲料系数（FCR） | 摄食率（%） | 脏体比（%） |
| 实施例1 | 46.04 | 107.2 | 132.8 | 1.56 | 0.84 | 1.22 | 4.17 |
| 实施例2 | 45.98 | 106.9 | 132.5 | 1.52 | 0.85 | 1.23 | 4.18 |
| 实施例3 | 46.02 | 107.2 | 132.9 | 1.55 | 0.84 | 1.22 | 4.16 |
| 对照组1 | 46.03 | 97.92 | 112.7 | 1.37 | 0.94 | 1.20 | 4.62 |
| 对照组2 | 46.07 | 109.3 | 137.2 | 1.58 | 0.82 | 1.24 | 4.14 |
| 对照组3 | 46.04 | 95.6 | 107.6 | 1.24 | 0.99 | 1.18 | 4.65 |
| 对照组4 | 46.02 | 98.14 | 113.3 | 1.39 | 0.94 | 1.20 | 4.66 |
| 对照组5 | 45.98 | 104.2 | 126.6 | 1.43 | 0.92 | 1.20 | 4.63 |
| 对照组6 | 46.01 | 96.8 | 110.4 | 1.32 | 0.91 | 1.21 | 4.60 |
| 对照组7 | 46.04 | 98.2 | 113.3 | 1.37 | 0.93 | 1.20 | 4.62 |
表2 对其抗氧化能力进行检测
| 组别 | 总抗氧能力（U/mL） | 抗超氧阴离子（U/L） | 丙二醛（nmol/L） | 超氧化物歧化酶（U/mL） | 溶菌酶（U/mL） | 血清总蛋白（g/L） |
| 实施例1 | 24.37 | 256.7 | 24.42 | 100.24 | 268.34 | 34.72 |
| 实施例2 | 24.53 | 256.2 | 24.35 | 99.83 | 271.45 | 35.16 |
| 实施例3 | 24.36 | 254.9 | 24.51 | 100.16 | 267.83 | 34.85 |
| 对照组1 | 18.35 | 233.4 | 19.67 | 96.45 | 161.47 | 31.04 |
| 对照组2 | 18.12 | 228.3 | 18.54 | 96.24 | 158.26 | 30.73 |
| 对照组3 | 18.26 | 231.5 | 19.37 | 96.37 | 157.43 | 29.45 |
| 对照组4 | 16.37 | 214.7 | 17.34 | 95.16 | 156.28 | 28.72 |
| 对照组5 | 17.94 | 223.6 | 18.16 | 96.34 | 157.46 | 29.14 |
| 对照组6 | 18.23 | 232.4 | 20.08 | 97.46 | 164.38 | 32.48 |
| 对照组7 | 16.28 | 211.8 | 17.15 | 94.82 | 152.85 | 27.65 |
通过表1和表2中数据可以看出，本发明中相比对照组1，生长性能和抗氧化能力均有了明显提高，而对照组2虽然比现有技术生长性能有明显提高，但对幼鱼的抗氧化能力有一定减弱；对照组3生长性能较差；对照组4生长性能与现有技术略有降低，相差不多，但抗氧化性能降低；对照组5-6中生长性能相比实施例1-3中有一定差距；对照组7中生长性能与现有技术中基本相同，但生长性能明显降低。
Claims (5)
1.一种含鸡粉的星斑川鲽幼鱼饲料，其特征在于，包括含鸡粉的复合粉，含鸡粉的复合粉对饲料中鱼粉的替代量为75-85%；所述含鸡粉的复合粉按重量份包括：鸡粉12-18份、鸡胚粉4-7份、肉骨粉8-12份、玉米花粉1-2份；所述鸡胚粉的制备方法为：选12日龄鸡胚，清洗、去壳后得到鸡胚液在容器中，加入相当于其重量份0.6-1.2%的质量浓度为22%的乙酸，搅拌均匀后铺平成2mm厚的薄片，在46-50℃的条件下烘烤6-8小时，揭片，研磨成粉即可。
2.如权利要求1所述一种含鸡粉的星斑川鲽幼鱼饲料，其特征在于，所述鸡粉中粗蛋白含量为44-46%、粗脂肪含量为42-44%。
3.如权利要求1所述一种含鸡粉的星斑川鲽幼鱼饲料，其特征在于，所述星斑川鲽幼鱼饲料包括以下重量份的原料：鱼粉8-12份、含鸡粉的复合粉36-40份、大豆浓缩蛋白18份、花生粕8份、乌贼内脏粉3份、鱼油4份、淀粉5.44份、α淀粉5份、矿物质预混料2份、维生素预混料1份、α纤维素4份、粘合剂1份、氯化胆碱（50%）0.5份、抗氧化剂0.06份。
4.如权利要求1所述一种含鸡粉的星斑川鲽幼鱼饲料，其特征在于，所述玉米花粉为破壁后的玉米花粉，破壁方法为：将花粉放入微波频率为1500-1800MHz的条件下处理35-40秒，然后将花粉取出，放入质量浓度为12.5-15%的柠檬酸溶液中，取出后将花粉风干，再次放入微波频率为1800-2000MHz的条件下处理20-25秒，取出花粉后再次放入质量浓度为12.5-15%的柠檬酸溶液中，取出后将花粉风干，风干后再次放入微波频率为1500-1800MHz的条件下处理20-25秒，取出后自然冷却即得。
5.如权利要求4所述一种含鸡粉的星斑川鲽幼鱼饲料，其特征在于，所述花粉在微波条件下处理时，花粉厚度不超过4cm；花粉在相当于其重量8-10倍的柠檬酸溶液中浸泡；所述花粉风干后含水率为12-18%。
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