CN107182493A - Maintenance construction method is transplanted outside bryophyte room - Google Patents

Maintenance construction method is transplanted outside bryophyte room Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107182493A
CN107182493A CN201710408954.XA CN201710408954A CN107182493A CN 107182493 A CN107182493 A CN 107182493A CN 201710408954 A CN201710408954 A CN 201710408954A CN 107182493 A CN107182493 A CN 107182493A
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liver moss
bryophyte
sodded
mixed
soil
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CN201710408954.XA
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CN107182493B (en
Inventor
王晓莉
朱兆青
褚伟良
温海报
周奇海
张华�
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SHANGHAI LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE Corp
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SHANGHAI LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE Corp
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Abstract

The invention discloses maintenance construction method is transplanted outside a kind of bryophyte room, this method comprises the following steps:Step 1, the preparation of liver moss planting area, step 2, installs spray facility, step 3, matrix selection and laying, and step 4, liver moss is sodded, step 5, maintenance management.The present invention installs liver moss spray atomizing system, during liver moss conserves, according to principles such as " filling full irrigate, water, repeatedly spraying " in good time, requirement of the liver moss to moisture is met, it can also be combined using manually with equipment water spray, depending on air humidity and environment temperature;The bryophyte competitiveness just sodded in the present invention is relatively low, and easily invasion occupies leading position to other higher plants, so the bryophyte weeding just sodded is particularly important, is conducive to bryophyte landscape to quickly form using timely weeding.

Description

Maintenance construction method is transplanted outside bryophyte room
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of garden technology, maintenance construction method is transplanted outside specifically a kind of bryophyte room.
Background technology
Bryophyte is dispersed throughout all over the world, from bare rock top layer, the desert of arid, cold polar region to all kinds Forest, marshland and various different water bodys(Except ocean)There is the distribution of bryophyte.Although wild bryophyte money Source very abundant, it is nearly ubiquitous, but its utilization rate is very low, at home, is only applied to miniature landscape and makes scape, such as liver moss basin Scape, liver moss bottle etc..Japan and other countries make Ornamental Plant Landscaping, such as liver moss Botanical Garden using some bryophytes.Liver moss Plant has the habit grown thickly with dormancy, and water absorbing capacity is strong, fast growth, cold tolerance are strong, be difficult to be attacked by pest and disease damage, its Surface has unique gloss, fine and smooth texture, it is petite such as suede, it is verdant evergreen, give simple and tasteful, pure quiet, natural Harmonious sensation, has unique aesthstic Application Value in gardens.But different from historic Landscapes plant, bryophyte is big Majority is lived in warm and humid environment, requires higher to conditions such as temperature, humidity, therefore special according to the life habit of bryophyte Point, takes reasonable planting maintenance management method, is the key of bryophyte Landscape Application.
The content of the invention
For problems of the prior art, the present invention, which is provided, transplants maintenance construction method outside a kind of bryophyte room, Facilitation is played in the application and development for making scape further to develop wild bryophytes resources and outdoor bryophyte.
To achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical scheme:
Maintenance construction method is transplanted outside a kind of bryophyte room, this method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the preparation of liver moss planting area,
Half cloudy and moist environment is built in selection, and half shade environment refers to that 1/2 of sunshine or so can be covered, generally under tree shade, Under cool canopy, tracery wall it is inferior.Moist environment refers to that the growing environment residing for plant will have higher air humidity, typically with 70% with Upper is moist environment, carries out scarifying soil, and the heap that soil is carried out into landform is built, moulding, it is ensured that the whole domatic curve of landform and it is suitable, Draining is unobstructed, obtains liver moss planting area;
Step 2, spray facility is installed,
Liver moss spray atomizing system is installed in liver moss planting area after the step 1 preparation, the spray atomizing system Install and pour water pump pedestal-installation water pump with laying pipeline-flushing-pressure testing-backfill-examination including alignment-excavation groove-successively Spray;
Step 3, matrix selection and laying,
Brown moisture in the soil state is selected, i.e. ashen is brown, and hand pinches soil can be agglomerating, and large clod can be dissipated into after landing, there is the wet print of water on hand, felt Feel that loam, clay, river sand, the Nutrition Soil of shady and cool soil moisture content about 16% or so are mixed to mix uniformly, as mixed-matrix,(I.e. Loam, clay, river sand, Nutrition Soil are brown moisture in the soil state), mixed-matrix is exposed to the sun 0.5-1 days under direct sunlight, then will be mixed Conjunction matrix, which is uniformly spread, is layered on liver moss planting area, and laying depth of the mixed-matrix on liver moss planting area is identical, uniform ground, Mixed-matrix layer is obtained,
Step 4, liver moss is sodded,
Liver moss is sodded by the method sodded in flakes or insertion is sodded on the mixed-matrix layer that the step 3 is obtained, it is described Sod in flakes it is middle by liver moss after artificial screening, slices are laid on smooth mixed-matrix layer in advance, while sodding, while clap Pressure, claps water drenching after pressure, the liver moss after sodding is combined closely with mixed-matrix layer;The insertion is sodded middle makes wire by liver moss Plant, is then inserted between the gap with wall of mating formation and moisturizing;
Step 5, maintenance management,
The maintenance management includes water management, weeding, fertilising, after-culture and replacing, cold-proof survive the winter to be managed with more summer field management.
The water content of scarifying soil should be controlled in 20-26% in the step 1, and soil particle diameter is less than 5cm.
Spray atomizing system keeps the relative air humidity of liver moss planting area more than 80% in the step 2.
Step 3 medium loam, clay, river sand, the weight ratio of Nutrition Soil are 3:3:1:1.
Gapless between the liver moss sodded in the step 4, is flattened or is adopted using the rolling device of 0.002kg weights when clapping pressure Manually pat with the rolling of circle roller or uniformly smooth.
When clapping water drenching after pressure in the step 4, first pass water drenching ensures mixed-matrix layer 5-10cm depth moistening.
Weeding is for when slightly moistening, i.e., hand is wiped slightly cool and can not help carrying out weeding when moistening in soil moisture in the step 5.
What fertilising applied in the step 5 is Tian Tuyu decomposed dungs using weight ratio as 3:1 mixed preparing it is organic Fertilizer.
The method of the fertilising include it is mixed apply, spread fertilizer over the fields, liquid is applied and foliage-spray, described mixed to apply as when liver moss is sodded, by soil Earth and the organic fertilizer of mixed preparing mix mixing, earthwork moulding it is thin it is whole after sod liver moss;It is described to spread fertilizer over the fields in the thin whole rear tongue of the earthwork Before moss is sodded, the organic fertilizer of mixed preparing is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in native face, rewatering makes fertilizer penetrate into soil, good in soil conservation Sod liver moss after soil moisture content, it is optimal using brown moisture in the soil and black moisture in the soil that good soil moisture content, which is, and soil moisture content is up to more than 16%;The liquid is applied to incite somebody to action The organic fertilizer of mixed preparing is configured to liquid fertilizer, pours in the soil of liver moss to be sodded;The foliage-spray is that it is fixed to be sodded in liver moss Root was survived after one week, and the organic fertilizer of mixed preparing is diluted into solution, using watering can or atomizers spray on liver moss surface, was led to Cross blade face and absorb nutrient with whole plant.
The liver moss sodded in the step 4 is big hypnum moss, Herba Funariae Hygrometricae, true moss, weeping branch moss, marchantia.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. the present invention selects the arrangement of liver moss spray atomizing system according to field condition, reasonably arranges spray pipe network system System, it is ensured that bryophyte has higher air humidity in the range of spray, meets requirement of the liver moss to moisture;2. the present invention is used While sodding, while clap pressure, clap water drenching after pressure, the liver moss after sodding is combined closely with mixed-matrix layer, after the completion of liver moss is sodded, not Pat compacting meet with rainwater, the attack of high wind and destroy, answer timely after-culture;Liver moss survive descendant for trample on, bird seek food also can Cause liver moss local failure, after-culture should be repaired, carry out liver moss check severely mending-leakage work, 3. the present invention in mixed preparing organic fertilizer PH value with good nutrient preserving capability, retentiveness and gas permeability and suitable root growth, health is provided for bryophyte field planting Growing environment.
Embodiment
Maintenance construction method is transplanted outside the present embodiment bryophyte room, this method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the preparation of liver moss planting area,
Half cloudy and moist environment is built in selection, and half shade environment refers to that 1/2 of sunshine or so can be covered, generally under tree shade, Under cool canopy, tracery wall it is inferior.Moist environment refers to that the growing environment residing for plant will have higher air humidity, typically with 70% with Upper is moist environment, carries out scarifying soil, and the heap that soil is carried out into landform is built, moulding, it is ensured that the whole domatic curve of landform and it is suitable, Draining is unobstructed, obtains liver moss planting area;Because according to the hygrophilous warm characteristic of bryophyte, it is necessary to select to build certain Scattering light or half cloudy wet environment, and low-lying water accumulation part is avoided, arid and the environment dried should not carry out mossery and be made Scape;When heap builds landform, according to setting-out absolute altitude, construct from inside to outside, side moulding, side is compacted, landform is held all the time in work progress Tectonic Framework, complete mima type microrelief it is thick it is whole after, manually carefully do covering surface layer, keeping top layer, the soil is porous, and remove stone, chad, The debris such as dregs, building waste, tree root, make the domatic song of whole landform from edge during artificial smooth landform progressively to centre gathering Line and suitable, draining are unobstructed, and the rainy day stops operation, and take finishing after rain in time and make real the measures such as side slope thin whole place, row again Except low-lying place's ponding;
Step 2, spray facility is installed,
Liver moss spray atomizing system is installed in liver moss planting area after the step 1 preparation, the spray atomizing system Install successively include setting-out alignment-excavation groove-pour water pump pedestal-installation water pump with laying pipeline-flushing-pressure testing-backfill- Examination spray, the requirement according to industry standard and liver moss kind to habitat conditions selects suitable spray atomizing system, according to live feelings Condition selects the arrangement of liver moss spray atomizing system, reasonably arranges spray pipe network system, it is ensured that bryophyte is in spray model There is higher air humidity in enclosing, carry out surface control water, adjusting air humidity keeps draughty habitat of feeling nice and cool(Avoid height Thermal environment), it is vigorous beneficial to moss growth, regulation is played a part of to small-scale environments to reach;
Step 3, matrix selection and laying,
There is certain particularity in terms of the selection of bryophyte matrix, preferably select brown moisture in the soil state, i.e. ashen is brown, hand pinches soil can be into Group, can dissipate into large clod after landing, there is the wet print of water on hand, feel the loam, clay, river of shady and cool soil moisture content about 16% or so Husky, Nutrition Soil mixing is mixed uniformly, and as mixed-matrix, mixed-matrix is exposed to the sun 0.5-1 days under direct sunlight, then will be mixed Conjunction matrix, which is uniformly spread, is layered on liver moss planting area, and laying depth of the mixed-matrix on liver moss planting area is identical, uniform ground, Mixed-matrix layer is obtained,
Step 4, liver moss is sodded,
Liver moss is sodded by the method sodded in flakes or insertion is sodded on the mixed-matrix layer that the step 3 is obtained, it is described Sod in flakes it is middle by liver moss after artificial screening, slices are laid on smooth mixed-matrix layer in advance, while sodding, while clap Pressure, claps water drenching after pressure, the liver moss after sodding is combined closely with mixed-matrix layer;The insertion is sodded middle makes wire by liver moss Plant, is then inserted between the gap with wall of mating formation and moisturizing, selects the liver moss of high-quality health to be sodded when sodding;
Step 5, maintenance management,
The maintenance management includes water management, weeding, fertilising, after-culture and replacing, cold-proof survive the winter to be managed with more summer field management.
During conserving, certain scattered light should be given, watering can be according to " filling full to irrigate, water, repeatedly spray " in good time Etc. principle, requirement of the liver moss to moisture is met, but to ensure that draining is unobstructed, can be sprayed water daily repeatedly, phase of manually being sprayed water with equipment With reference to depending on air humidity and environment temperature, because every physiological activity of bryophyte is severely limited to holding for moisture Continuous supply, thus moisture control act as indispensable role in the work of bryophyte maintenance management;
Timely weeding is conducive to bryophyte landscape to quickly form.The bryophyte competitiveness just sodded is relatively low, and other height etc. are planted Easily invasion occupies leading position to thing, so the bryophyte weeding just sodded is particularly important.When its restoration ecosystem and close native After earth, you can effectively resist weed invasion, weeding frequency can be suitably reduced.Planarization, the densification of liver moss are should ensure that in weeding Property, if liver moss is destroyed during weeding to restore to the original state in time.The weeding time can be arranged in after fine or rain, soil moisture is fitted When middle, to obtain the weeding soil moisture conservation effect of maximum.
Bryophyte enters the conventional maintenance phase after surviving, in outdoor open region, if maintenance management is not good at easily causing Part is bald naked, generally disease(Infectivity, physiological), artificial or bird fowl poultry kind it is bad caused with underground cable damaged by insect, must just enter Row after-culture is with changing.
After the completion of liver moss is sodded, do not pat compacting meet with rainwater, the attack of high wind and destroy, answer timely after-culture;Liver moss into Descendant living is tramples on, bird seeks food and will also result in liver moss local failure, should repair after-culture.The self-recovery ability of liver moss also compared with By force, not after-culture can also be repaired automatically, but recovery time is longer.In a word, liver moss is routinely managed and supports period, should be carried out leakage detection and be filled a vacancy Work.
Need to carry out local replacing if mossery is caused liver moss dead by infectious disease.Bryophyte infectiousness Disease often has the biological factors such as pathogenic fungus, bacterium, virus, nematode, mycoplasma to cause, and soil must be changed if necessary.More Before the liver moss renewed, it is ensured that the quarantine before liver moss use.
Though the liver moss of some species can enter resting state in severe winter and heat season, the liver moss of the present embodiment is directed to It is cold-proof survive the winter and more summer field management reason can not be ignored.The liver moss that outdoor open country is sodded, which should carry out winter, prevents the maintenance management of freeze injury, Before freezing season arrives, covering grassy marshland can be taken, the measures such as account of becalming is set up and avoids freeze injury, in addition, liver moss should reduce the winter Pour water in season maintenance, keep its resting state to pass the winter safely.The liver moss that outdoor open country is sodded, which should carry out winter, prevents the maintenance of freeze injury Management.Equally, in summer high temperature season, water spray, ground can be taken to pour water repeatedly, sunshade net is set up, spray transpiration inhibitor etc. Measure keeps liver moss over summering.
Preferably, the water content of scarifying soil should be controlled in 20-26% in step 1 described in the present embodiment, soil particle diameter is small In 5cm.
Preferably, spray atomizing system keeps the relative air humidity of liver moss planting area to exist in the present embodiment step 2 More than 80%.
As further preferred, the present embodiment step 3 medium loam, clay, river sand, the weight ratio of Nutrition Soil are 3:3:1:1.
Gapless between the liver moss sodded in the present embodiment step 4, clap pressure when using 0.002kg weight rolling device flatten or Person is using the rolling of circle roller or manually uniformly pats smooth, bryophyte is tightly combined with soil, tight, it is easy to raw Root, it is ensured that bryophyte is survived;When clapping water drenching after pressure in step 4, first pass water drenching ensures mixed-matrix layer 5-10cm depth Degree moistening.First pass is poured after bryophyte compression permeable, bryophyte is recovered primary colors, irrigate a water daily afterwards, Summer once in the morning and once at night, to ensure the water requirement of bryophyte.Often roll and water(Sprayer or watering can water spray), until Bryophyte is taken root and goes to normal maintenance management.
As still more preferably, weeding is for when slightly moistening in soil moisture in the present embodiment step 5(Hand wipe it is slightly cool without Feel moistening)Carry out weeding;What fertilising applied in step 5 is Tian Tuyu decomposed dungs using weight ratio as 3:1 mixed preparing Organic fertilizer.
The method applied fertilizer in the present embodiment include it is mixed apply, spread fertilizer over the fields, liquid is applied and foliage-spray, described mixed to apply as liver moss is sodded When, the organic fertilizer of soil and mixed preparing is mixed into mixing, earthwork moulding it is thin it is whole after sod liver moss;It is described to spread fertilizer over the fields in the earthwork Before thin whole rear liver moss is sodded, the organic fertilizer of mixed preparing is uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in native face, rewatering makes fertilizer penetrate into soil, in soil Liver moss is sodded after keeping good soil moisture content, is optimal using brown moisture in the soil and black moisture in the soil, soil moisture content is up to more than 16%;The liquid is applied to mix Close the organic fertilizer prepared and be configured to liquid fertilizer, pour in the soil of liver moss to be sodded;The foliage-spray is to be sodded in liver moss and determine root Survive after one week, the organic fertilizer of mixed preparing is diluted to solution, using watering can or atomizers spray on liver moss surface, pass through Blade face absorbs nutrient with whole plant, and the organic fertilizer of mixed preparing has good nutrient preserving capability, retentiveness and gas permeability and suitable The pH value of root growth is closed, the growing environment that health is provided is colonized for bryophyte.In addition, can be fitted according to the upgrowth situation of liver moss When imposing quick-acting fertilizer, the number of times that topdresses is different because of kind, and the thin fertile duty of warm growth period is applied, when weather is colder it is appropriate reduce number of times or Stop applying.To be watered immediately after topdressing every time, it is ensured that liver moss fully absorbs.
As still more preferably, the liver moss sodded in the present embodiment step 4 is big hypnum moss, Herba Funariae Hygrometricae, true moss, weeping branch Moss, marchantia.
Although above-described embodiment makes specific descriptions to the present invention, come for one of ordinary skill in the art Say, it is understood that can be modified within the spirit and scope for not departing from the present invention based on present disclosure Or improve, these modification and improvement are all within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. maintenance construction method is transplanted outside a kind of bryophyte room, it is characterised in that this method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the preparation of liver moss planting area,
Half cloudy and moistening environment is built in selection, carries out scarifying soil, the heap that soil is carried out into landform is built, moulding, it is ensured that whole The individual domatic curve of landform and suitable, draining are unobstructed, obtain liver moss planting area;
Step 2, spray facility is installed,
Liver moss spray atomizing system is installed in liver moss planting area after the step 1 preparation, the spray atomizing system Install and pour water pump pedestal-installation water pump with laying pipeline-flushing-pressure testing-backfill-examination including alignment-excavation groove-successively Spray;
Step 3, matrix selection and laying,
Loam, clay, river sand and the Nutrition Soil mixing of brown moisture in the soil state is selected to mix uniformly, as mixed-matrix, by mixed-matrix It is exposed to the sun under direct sunlight 0.5-1 days, then mixed-matrix is uniformly spread and is layered on liver moss planting area, mixed-matrix is in liver moss kind Laying depth on growing area domain is identical, uniform ground, obtains mixed-matrix layer,
Step 4, liver moss is sodded,
Liver moss is sodded by the method sodded in flakes or insertion is sodded on the mixed-matrix layer that the step 3 is obtained, it is described Sod in flakes it is middle by liver moss after artificial screening, slices are laid on smooth mixed-matrix layer in advance, while sodding, while clap Pressure, claps water drenching after pressure, the liver moss after sodding is combined closely with mixed-matrix layer;The insertion is sodded middle makes wire by liver moss Plant, is then inserted between the gap with wall of mating formation and moisturizing;
Step 5, maintenance management,
The maintenance management includes water management, weeding, fertilising, after-culture and replacing, cold-proof survive the winter to be managed with more summer field management.
2. maintenance construction method is transplanted outside bryophyte room according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step 1 The water content of scarifying soil should be controlled in 20-26%, and soil particle diameter is less than 5cm.
3. maintenance construction method is transplanted outside bryophyte room according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step 2 Spray atomizing system keeps the relative air humidity of liver moss planting area more than 80%.
4. maintenance construction method is transplanted outside bryophyte room according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step 3 Loam, clay, river sand, the weight ratio of Nutrition Soil are 3:3:1:1.
5. maintenance construction method is transplanted outside bryophyte room according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step 4 Gapless between the liver moss sodded, is flattened or using the rolling of circle roller or people when clapping pressure using the rolling device of 0.002kg weights Work is uniformly patted smooth.
6. maintenance construction method is transplanted outside bryophyte room according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step 4 When clapping water drenching after pressure, first pass water drenching ensures mixed-matrix layer 5-10cm depth moistening.
7. maintenance construction method is transplanted outside bryophyte room according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step 5 What fertilising applied is Tian Tuyu decomposed dungs using weight ratio as 3:The organic fertilizer of 1 mixed preparing.
8. maintenance construction method is transplanted outside bryophyte room according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the side of the fertilising Method include it is mixed apply, spread fertilizer over the fields, liquid is applied and foliage-spray, described mixed to apply as when liver moss is sodded, by soil and the organic fertilizer of mixed preparing Mix mixing, earthwork moulding it is thin it is whole after sod liver moss;It is described to spread fertilizer over the fields for before the thin whole rear liver moss of the earthwork is sodded, mixed preparing Organic fertilizer uniformly spread fertilizer over the fields in native face, rewater make fertilizer penetrate into soil, sod liver moss after the good soil moisture content of soil conservation;It is described Liquid applies that the organic fertilizer of mixed preparing is configured into liquid fertilizer, poured in the soil of liver moss to be sodded;The foliage-spray is, Liver moss, which is sodded, determines root and survives after one week, and the organic fertilizer of mixed preparing is diluted into solution, existed using watering can or atomizers spray Liver moss surface, nutrient is absorbed by blade face and whole plant.
9. maintenance construction method is transplanted outside bryophyte room according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step 4 The liver moss sodded is big hypnum moss, Herba Funariae Hygrometricae, true moss, weeping branch moss, marchantia.
CN201710408954.XA 2017-06-02 2017-06-02 Maintenance construction method is transplanted outside bryophyte room Active CN107182493B (en)

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