CN107135773A - A kind of implantation methods of sweet potato - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of sweet potato Download PDFInfo
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- CN107135773A CN107135773A CN201710360873.7A CN201710360873A CN107135773A CN 107135773 A CN107135773 A CN 107135773A CN 201710360873 A CN201710360873 A CN 201710360873A CN 107135773 A CN107135773 A CN 107135773A
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- base manure
- implantation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/34—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the groups, e.g. biuret; Thio analogues thereof; Urea-aldehyde condensation products
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N61/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing substances of unknown or undetermined composition, e.g. substances characterised only by the mode of action
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention belongs to proportion of crop planting technical field, specifically disclosing a kind of implantation methods of sweet potato sweet potato implantation methods includes step in detail below：1) site preparation：Deep ploughing basal dressing；2) ridging：Push up into ditch shape in ridge；3) seedling is selected in nursery；4) plant；5) apply fertilizer；6) diseases prevention；Wherein, the base manure is made up of potassium silicate, edible fungi residue, rice bran, PERFORMANCE OF MODIFIED VERMICULITE powder and microbial-bacterial fertilizer etc. based on certain part by weight；The foliar fertilizer is made up of hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat, methene butanedioic acid, animal amino acid and trace-element fertilizer etc. by certain part by weight.The implantation methods of sweet potato of the present invention are from fertilizing management, base manure and liquid fertilizer is reasonably combined uses, the release time and intensity that fertilizer nutrient can be made match with crop nutrition content absorbing rule, so as to improve the utilization rate of base manure and foliar fertilizer, and then can improve the yield of sweet potato；And the also composition containing purification soil in base manure, so as to improve the quality and safety of sweet potato.
Description
【Technical field】
The present invention relates to proportion of crop planting technical field, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of sweet potato.
【Background technology】
Sweet potato also known as sweet potato, sweet potato, category Convolvulaceae sweet potato genus are annual or perennial sprawling herbs plant, are a kind of nonirrigated farmlands
Crop.In past grain supply and demand stressful times, many places are " sweet potato season, grain half a year ", and it has played very big to resolve adequate food and clothing
Effect.The development of progress and market agricultural now with science and technology, has new leap again to the understanding of sweet potato.Develop sweet potato life
Production is both adjustment crop mix, the need for improving productivity effect, is also to improve eating patterns, the need for advancing in living standard.
Sweet potato contains a variety of nutriments needed by human such as protein, phosphorus, calcium, iron, carrotene, vitamin.Every 500 grams of sweet potato are about
Can heat production can 635 kilocalories, containing 11.5 grams of protein, sugar 14.5 grams, fat 1 gram, 100 milligrams of phosphorus, 90 milligrams of calcium, 2 grams of iron, Hu Luo
0.5 milligram of Bu Su, it is another to contain dimension raw B1, B2, C and niacin, linoleic acid etc..Wherein vitamin B1, B2 content compare rice respectively
High 6 times and 3 times.Particularly sweet potato contains abundant lysine, and rice, flour exactly lack lysine.Also, sweet potato also has
There is the effects such as anticancer, cardioprotection, prevention pulmonary emphysema, diabetes, fat-reducing.Therefore, in recent years, sweet potato is in international, domestic city
Field is extremely sold well, and market development prospect is extremely wide.
But, there are problems that miscarriage, utilization rate of fertilizer be low due to traditional sweet potato plantation, planting cost relatively,
Sweet potato plantation amount is unstable, yield poorly phenomenon is caused to occur, also, due to the fertilizer used, insecticidal bactericide and industry,
Traffic and the pollution of house refuse, make sweet potato planting soil there is heavy metal and Organic Pollution, and this not only have impact on sweet potato kind
The yield of plant, and the quality of sweet potato is reduced, or even make to contain more heavy metal and organic pollution pest and disease damage in sweet potato,
And these pollutants can also enter the internal of people by food chain, so as to destroy nerve system of human body, immune system, skeletal system
Deng, and then seriously endanger the health of human body.
【The content of the invention】
The goal of the invention of the present invention is：For above-mentioned problem, there is provided a kind of implantation methods of sweet potato.The present invention
The implantation methods of sweet potato are from fertilizing management, and base manure and liquid fertilizer is reasonably combined uses can make the release time of fertilizer nutrient
Matched with intensity with crop nutrition content absorbing rule, so as to improve the utilization rate of base manure and foliar fertilizer, and then sweet potato can be improved
Yield；And the also composition containing purification soil in base manure, containing for heavy metal in soil and organic pollution can be substantially reduced
Amount, and then improve the quality and safety of sweet potato.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of implantation methods of sweet potato, including step in detail below：
1) site preparation：After deep ploughing processing 30-35cm, the fulvic acid aqueous solution is sprayed to soil moistening and the covering with plastic film completely of deep ploughing
2-3 days, then remove mulch film, spread the base manure that a thickness is 4-8cm and turned over, make after base manure is well mixed with soil, then adopt
With mulch film covering treatment 10-15 days；
2) ridging：The a height of 10-15cm in ridge, row spacing is 30-40cm, and leveling is pushed up on ridge, and on ridge both sides, hook soil is padded, and centre is done
Into ditch shape；
3) seedling is selected in nursery：Using being of moderate size, the potato wedge without disease pest, without wound do potato seed and carry out nursery, when potato wedge is grown
Potato seedling growth length when being 20-25cm, numerous seedling is heeled in progress, and pinching is pinched promotion potato seedling growth branch；When the potato seedling growth length heeled in reaches
During to 30-35cm, cut and adopt a length of 20-25cm tender strong sprout of first paragraph and make seedling, and sterilization treatment is carried out to seedling；
4) plant：Planted in early July to mid-August, seedling transplant depth is 5-7cm, every mu of transplanting 3000-3200
Strain；
5) apply fertilizer：Base manure 1 time, foliar fertilizer 2 times are imposed in 1-5 months after planting；
6) diseases prevention：After planting diseases prevention liquid is sprayed in 1-2 months 1-2 times；
Wherein, the base manure is prepared from by the raw material of following parts by weight：15-30 parts of potassium silicate, edible fungi residue 15-30
Part, 10-23 parts of rice bran, composite fertilizer 10-20 parts, it is 8-15 parts of peat, 8-15 parts of PERFORMANCE OF MODIFIED VERMICULITE powder, 5-13 parts of microbial-bacterial fertilizer, black
1-3 parts of rotten 2-5 parts of acid, 1-3 parts of calcium superphosphate and meal wheat stone flour；
The foliar fertilizer is prepared from by the raw material of following parts by weight：Hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol is cured 8-20 parts, methene amber
7-17 parts of amber acid, 5-15 parts of epsilon-polylysine, 3-10 parts of animal amino acid, 3-8 parts of trace-element fertilizer, biochemical fulvic acid powder 1-
5 parts and 500-700 parts of water.
In the present invention, further, the PERFORMANCE OF MODIFIED VERMICULITE powder is well mixed by the raw material of following parts by weight and is made：Pig manure
Degradation solution is modified 12-23 parts of sodium base vermiculite power, 12-22 parts of iron carbonyl overlay film vermiculite power, iron carbonyl and is modified sodium base vermiculite power 10-18
Part and tannic acid modified vermiculite power 8-17 parts.
In the present invention, further, the microbial-bacterial fertilizer is well mixed by the raw material of following parts by weight and is made：It is spontaneous
8-12 parts of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, from 6-12 parts of mycorrhizal fungi, 5-10 parts of rhizobium and 4-8 parts of Applying Ectomycorrhizal Fungi, colloid bacillus cereus
3-8 parts.
In the present invention, further, the preparation method of the hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat is：By weight, divide
Nickname takes 16-30 parts of ammonium sulfate and 2-4 parts of titanium-containing blast furnace slag, and titanium-containing blast furnace slag is then added into sulphur after Water Quenching
Sour ammonium, 33-38min is heated at 320-330 DEG C, is then cooled down, you can obtain the hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat.
In the present invention, further, step 1) in, the fulvic acid aqueous solution is by fulvic acid and water by 1-1.5: 6
Ratio mixed dissolution is prepared.
In the present invention, further, step 3) in, the sterilization treatment is：Using 500 times of liquid of carbendazim colloidal suspending agent or
700 times of liquid of thiophanate methyl, 6-8cm sections of immersion 10-15min of seedling base portion.
In the present invention, further, step 6) in, the diseases prevention liquid by SODLUM FULVATE and methyl cloth support Tianjin by volume
Well mixed be made at 7: 3.
In the present invention, further, the potassium silicate is mixed by sheep manure, chicken manure, duck excrement and stalk by weight 8: 3: 3: 2
Compost is closed to be made within 30-40 days.
In the present invention, further, the base manure is made up of step in detail below：
(1) each raw material components of base manure are weighed by weight, then by each raw material components mix to uniformly,
Temperature is 35-40 DEG C, humidity is to place 10-15 days for 90% time, and stirred once every 3-5 days, that is, obtains base manure mixture, standby
With；
(2) humidity of base manure mixture is dropped into 30-35%, then granulated with comminutor, obtain particle diameter for 3-5mm
Base manure particle, by obtained base manure particle dry to water content be less than 3%, you can obtain the present invention base manure.
In the present invention, further, the preparation method of the foliar fertilizer is：Each original of foliar fertilizer is weighed by weight
Component is expected, then by the hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat weighed, methene butanedioic acid, epsilon-polylysine, animal amino acid, micro
Element fertilizer and biochemical fulvic acid powder are put into water, and stirring produces the foliar fertilizer of the present invention to dissolving.
The present invention applies management on from fertilizer, and first, planting soil is deep ploughed and sprayed can be to soil sand
Grain plays the fulvic acid solution of encapsulation action, and ridging is into ditch shape, to strengthen the retain water and nutrients ability of soil and fertilizer is supported
The absorbability divided, so as to improve the utilization rate of fertilizer.Second, rationally use cooperatively base manure and foliar fertilizer, base manure nutrients release compared with
Slowly, it acts synergistically with the rapid foliar fertilizer of nutrients release, it is ensured that the nutrition needed for sweet potato growth, not only effect of increasing production is bright
It is aobvious, and input cost is low, and output income is big, goes into operation than up to more than 1: 9.3rd, sweet potato seedling is sterilized before planting
Processing and the sprinkling diseases prevention liquid after planting, can reach the effect of dual diseases prevention, can effectively suppress the growth of harmful bacteria, enter
And the incidence of disease of sweet potato is reduced, also, single component is used as diseases prevention liquor ratio using SODLUM FULVATE and the mixing of methyl cloth support Tianjin
Diseases prevention liquid is done, diseases prevention ability increases, wherein, the incidence of disease of sweet potato root rot and black spot can reduce by 9% He respectively
10.8%.4th, base manure of the invention first carries out inorganic fertilizer and organic fertilizer reasonably combined and special according to the growth of sweet potato
Property, the content of corresponding increase Element Potassium and the content for reducing elemental nitrogen increase the weight of potato wedge to reduce the ratio of sweet potato stem leaf
The quantity of amount and individual plant potato rattan knot potato, and then improve the yield of sweet potato；Secondly, the PERFORMANCE OF MODIFIED VERMICULITE powder pig manure degradation solution of addition is modified
Sodium base vermiculite power, iron carbonyl overlay film vermiculite power, iron carbonyl are modified sodium base vermiculite power and the mutually coordinated work of tannic acid modified vermiculite power
With can not only eliminate the stink of decomposed manure of the present invention, and can strengthen to the heavy metal element in soil and organic
The absorption fixation of pollutant, greatly reduces the content of heavy metal in soil and organic pollution, wherein, copper, arsenic and cadmium
Absorptivity be respectively 23.7%, 95.8% and 54.8%；In addition, the uptake characters of raw material and sweet potato based on the present invention, this
Azotobacter in invention microbial-bacterial fertilizer, from mycorrhizal fungi, rhizobium, Applying Ectomycorrhizal Fungi and colloid bacillus cereus association
Same-action, can not only improve the degradation rate of pollutant in soil, pollutant is converted into free state, Jin Erbian by compound state
In absorption of the PERFORMANCE OF MODIFIED VERMICULITE powder to pollutant, and effective element fixed in soil and PERFORMANCE OF MODIFIED VERMICULITE powder can be discharged, especially
It is tri- kinds of elements of N, P, K；Therefore, the mutually coordinated effect of PERFORMANCE OF MODIFIED VERMICULITE powder and microbial-bacterial fertilizer of the present invention, forms an effectively member
The cyclic process of plain absorption-release, effectively controls the rate of release of fertilizer nutrient, makes release time and the intensity of fertilizer nutrient
Matched with crop nutrition content absorbing rule, so as to reduce fertilizer loss, increase utilization rate of fertilizer, and then improve the yield of crop；
Wherein, element K release profiles are S-type, provide the potassium of abundance for the expansion of mid-term and later stage sweet potato root tuber, and then make red
The expansion rate in potato wedge root mid-term and later stage has been respectively increased 29%, 33%.Finally, the humic acid of addition, calcium superphosphate and alkane
Base phenol polyethenoxy acts synergistically, the parcel that can be not only degraded in fertiliser granulates surface formation by microbial-bacterial fertilizer of the present invention
Film, formed by wrap film can prevent fertilizer from occurring caking in storage and transportation and efficiently controlling the nutrient of fertilizer to release
Speed is put, so as to be prevented effectively from the loss of available nutrient in sweet potato fertilizer, and the fertiliser granulates of the present invention can be made in soil
In there is the preferably scattered property of speed, to make fertilizer have larger contact area with soil and root system of plant, beneficial to the absorption of nutrient.
5th, liquid fertilizer of the invention has also deferred to the characteristic that sweet potato likes potassium, the content of potassium element is accordingly added, so that sweet potato leaves
Piece keeps emerald green, improves leave photosynthetic ability, accelerates carbohydrate synthesis operating, and then promote sweet potato root tuber swollen rapidly
Greatly, yield is improved；And chelation can be produced between the animal amino acid and trace-element fertilizer added, so as to increase in soil
The absorption of the activity of trace element, more conducively sweet potato to trace element, and then improve the utilization rate of foliar fertilizer；The biochemistry of addition is yellow
Rotten acid powder can strengthen the spreadability of foliar fertilizer, so as to increase absorption of the sweet potato leaves to foliar fertilizer, its absorptivity is up to 89.5%；
In addition, in the hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat that thus preparation method is prepared, the effective element nitrogen that can be utilized by plant, silicon,
Calcium, magnesium, iron and titanium dissolution rate it is high, wherein, the dissolution rate of titanium, iron and magnesium is respectively 85%, 76% and 87%, and wherein slightly soluble
Calcium silicates and calcium sulfate can be decomposed into soil by the microbial-bacterial fertilizer in base manure, as the long-acting composition of slow, to carry
High utilization rate of fertilizer.
In summary, by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The implantation methods of sweet potato of the present invention contain purification soil, slow release fertilizer nutrient from fertilizing management, base manure
Containing abundant potassium in composition, and itself and foliar fertilizer, both are engaged after administration, synergy, can make fertilizer nutrient
Release time and intensity match with crop nutrition content absorbing rule, so as to improve the utilization rate of base manure and foliar fertilizer, Jin Erke
Improve the yield of sweet potato；Also, it is inorganic in the also composition containing purification soil in base manure, its absorbable fixed base manure and foliar fertilizer
Heavy metal and organic pollution that heavy metal and soil contained by fertilizer contain in itself, so as to improve the quality safety of sweet potato
Property, and then ensure the health of human body.
【Embodiment】
Embodiment 1
One, makes base manure
1. by weight, weigh following raw materials according component：
Wherein, the PERFORMANCE OF MODIFIED VERMICULITE powder is mixed by the raw material of following parts by weight：
Pig manure degradation solution is modified 12 parts of sodium base vermiculite power；12 parts of iron carbonyl overlay film vermiculite power；
Iron carbonyl is modified 10 parts of sodium base vermiculite power；Tannic acid modified 8 parts of vermiculite power.
The microbial-bacterial fertilizer is mixed by the raw material of following parts by weight：
8 parts of azotobacter；From 6 parts of mycorrhizal fungi；
5 parts of rhizobium；4 parts of Applying Ectomycorrhizal Fungi；
3 parts of colloid bacillus cereus.
The potassium silicate is made up for 30 days of sheep manure, chicken manure, duck excrement and stalk by weight 8: 3: 3: 2 hybrid composting.
2. produce base manure by step in detail below：
(1) each raw material components of base manure are weighed by weight, then by each raw material components mix to uniformly,
Temperature is 35 DEG C, humidity is to place 10 days for 90% time, and stirred once every 3 days, that is, obtains base manure mixture, standby；
(2) humidity of base manure mixture is dropped to 30%, then granulated with comminutor, obtain the base that particle diameter is 3mm
Fertile particle, obtained base manure particle is dried to water content and is less than 3%, you can obtain the base manure of the present invention.
Two, make liquid fertilizer
1. by weight, weigh following raw materials according component：
8 parts of hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat；7 parts of methene butanedioic acid；
5 parts of epsilon-polylysine；3 parts of animal amino acid；
3 parts of trace-element fertilizer；1 part of biochemical fulvic acid powder；
500 parts of water.
2. produce foliar fertilizer by step in detail below：
(1) preparation of hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat：By weight, the ammonium sulfate that 16 parts are weighed respectively and 2 parts contain
Titanium blast furnace slag, then adds ammonium sulfate by titanium-containing blast furnace slag after Water Quenching, and 33min, Ran Houleng are heated at 320 DEG C
But, you can obtain the hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat；
(2) each raw material components of foliar fertilizer are weighed by weight, then by the hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat weighed,
Methene butanedioic acid, epsilon-polylysine, animal amino acid, trace-element fertilizer and biochemical fulvic acid powder are put into water, and stirring is extremely
Dissolving, produces the foliar fertilizer of the present invention.
Three, carry out sweet potato plantation by step in detail below：
1) site preparation：After deep ploughing processing 30cm, the fulvic acid aqueous solution is sprayed to soil moistening and the covering with plastic film 2 completely of deep ploughing
My god, then remove mulch film, spread the base manure that a thickness is 4cm and turned over, make after base manure is well mixed with soil, then using mulch film
Covering treatment 10 days；
2) ridging：The a height of 10cm in ridge, row spacing is 30cm, and leveling is pushed up on ridge, and on ridge both sides, hook soil is padded, and ditch is made in centre
Shape；
3) seedling is selected in nursery：Using being of moderate size, the potato wedge without disease pest, without wound do potato seed and carry out nursery, when potato wedge is grown
Potato seedling growth length when being 20cm, numerous seedling is heeled in progress, and pinching is pinched promotion potato seedling growth branch；When the potato seedling growth length heeled in reaches
During 30cm, cut and adopt a length of 20cm tender strong sprout of first paragraph and make seedling, and sterilization treatment is carried out to seedling；
4) plant：Planted in early July to mid-August, seedling transplant depth is 5cm, every mu of 3000 plants of transplanting；
5) apply fertilizer：Base manure 1 time, foliar fertilizer 2 times are imposed in 1-5 months after planting；
6) diseases prevention：After planting diseases prevention liquid is sprayed in 1-2 months 1 time.
Wherein, the fulvic acid aqueous solution is prepared by fulvic acid and water in 1: 6 ratio mixed dissolution；The sterilizing
It is processed as：Using 700 times of liquid of 500 times of liquid of carbendazim colloidal suspending agent or thiophanate methyl, 6cm sections of immersion 10min of seedling base portion；Institute
Diseases prevention liquid is stated well mixed to be made up at 7: 3 by volume of SODLUM FULVATE and methyl cloth support Tianjin.
Embodiment 2
One, makes base manure
1. by weight, weigh following raw materials according component：
Wherein, the PERFORMANCE OF MODIFIED VERMICULITE powder is mixed by the raw material of following parts by weight：
Pig manure degradation solution is modified 17 parts of sodium base vermiculite power；17 parts of iron carbonyl overlay film vermiculite power；
Iron carbonyl is modified 14 parts of sodium base vermiculite power；Tannic acid modified 13 parts of vermiculite power.
The microbial-bacterial fertilizer is mixed by the raw material of following parts by weight：
10 parts of azotobacter；From 9 parts of mycorrhizal fungi；
7 parts of rhizobium；6 parts of Applying Ectomycorrhizal Fungi；
5 parts of colloid bacillus cereus.
The potassium silicate is made up for 35 days of sheep manure, chicken manure, duck excrement and stalk by weight 8: 3: 3: 2 hybrid composting.
2. produce base manure by step in detail below：
(1) each raw material components of base manure are weighed by weight, then by each raw material components mix to uniformly,
Temperature is 38 DEG C, humidity is to place 13 days for 90% time, and stirred once every 4 days, that is, obtains base manure mixture, standby；
(2) humidity of base manure mixture is dropped to 33%, then granulated with comminutor, obtain the base that particle diameter is 4mm
Fertile particle, obtained base manure particle is dried to water content and is less than 3%, you can obtain the base manure of the present invention.
Two, make liquid fertilizer
1. by weight, weigh following raw materials according component：
16 parts of hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat；14 parts of methene butanedioic acid；
10 parts of epsilon-polylysine；6 parts of animal amino acid；
5 parts of trace-element fertilizer；3 parts of biochemical fulvic acid powder；
600 parts of water.
2. produce foliar fertilizer by step in detail below：
(1) preparation of hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat：By weight, the ammonium sulfate that 24 parts are weighed respectively and 3 parts contain
Titanium blast furnace slag, then adds ammonium sulfate by titanium-containing blast furnace slag after Water Quenching, and 35min, Ran Houleng are heated at 325 DEG C
But, you can obtain the hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat；
(2) each raw material components of foliar fertilizer are weighed by weight, then by the hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat weighed,
Methene butanedioic acid, epsilon-polylysine, animal amino acid, trace-element fertilizer and biochemical fulvic acid powder are put into water, and stirring is extremely
Dissolving, produces the foliar fertilizer of the present invention.
Three, carry out sweet potato plantation by step in detail below：
1) site preparation：After deep ploughing processing 33cm, the fulvic acid aqueous solution is sprayed to soil moistening and the covering with plastic film 3 completely of deep ploughing
My god, then remove mulch film, spread the base manure that a thickness is 5cm and turned over, make after base manure is well mixed with soil, then using mulch film
Covering treatment 12 days；
2) ridging：The a height of 13cm in ridge, row spacing is 35cm, and leveling is pushed up on ridge, and on ridge both sides, hook soil is padded, and ditch is made in centre
Shape；
3) seedling is selected in nursery：Using being of moderate size, the potato wedge without disease pest, without wound do potato seed and carry out nursery, when potato wedge is grown
Potato seedling growth length when being 23cm, numerous seedling is heeled in progress, and pinching is pinched promotion potato seedling growth branch；When the potato seedling growth length heeled in reaches
During 33cm, cut and adopt a length of 22cm tender strong sprout of first paragraph and make seedling, and sterilization treatment is carried out to seedling；
4) plant：Planted in early July to mid-August, seedling transplant depth is 6cm, every mu of 3100 plants of transplanting；
5) apply fertilizer：Base manure 1 time, foliar fertilizer 2 times are imposed in 1-5 months after planting；
6) diseases prevention：After planting diseases prevention liquid is sprayed in 1-2 months 2 times.
Wherein, the fulvic acid aqueous solution is prepared by fulvic acid and water in 1.2: 6 ratio mixed dissolution；It is described to go out
Bacterium is processed as：Using 700 times of liquid of 500 times of liquid of carbendazim colloidal suspending agent or thiophanate methyl, 7cm sections of immersion 13min of seedling base portion；
The diseases prevention liquid well mixed is made up at 7: 3 by volume of SODLUM FULVATE and methyl cloth support Tianjin.
Embodiment 3
One, makes base manure
1. by weight, weigh following raw materials according component：
Wherein, the PERFORMANCE OF MODIFIED VERMICULITE powder is mixed by the raw material of following parts by weight：
Pig manure degradation solution is modified 23 parts of sodium base vermiculite power；22 parts of iron carbonyl overlay film vermiculite power；
Iron carbonyl is modified 18 parts of sodium base vermiculite power；Tannic acid modified 17 parts of vermiculite power.
The potassium silicate is made up for 40 days of sheep manure, chicken manure, duck excrement and stalk by weight 8: 3: 3: 2 hybrid composting.
The microbial-bacterial fertilizer is mixed by the raw material of following parts by weight：
12 parts of azotobacter；From 12 parts of mycorrhizal fungi；
10 parts of rhizobium；8 parts of Applying Ectomycorrhizal Fungi；
8 parts of colloid bacillus cereus.
2. produce base manure by step in detail below：
(1) each raw material components of base manure are weighed by weight, then by each raw material components mix to uniformly,
Temperature is 40 DEG C, humidity is to place 15 days for 90% time, and stirred once every 5 days, that is, obtains base manure mixture, standby；
(2) humidity of base manure mixture is dropped to 35%, then granulated with comminutor, obtain the base that particle diameter is 5mm
Fertile particle, obtained base manure particle is dried to water content and is less than 3%, you can obtain the base manure of the present invention.
Two, make liquid fertilizer
1. by weight, weigh following raw materials according component：
20 parts of hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat；17 parts of methene butanedioic acid；
15 parts of epsilon-polylysine；10 parts of animal amino acid；
8 parts of trace-element fertilizer；5 parts of biochemical fulvic acid powder；
700 parts of water.
2. produce foliar fertilizer by step in detail below：
(1) preparation of hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat：By weight, the ammonium sulfate that 30 parts are weighed respectively and 4 parts contain
Titanium blast furnace slag, then adds ammonium sulfate by titanium-containing blast furnace slag after Water Quenching, and 38min, Ran Houleng are heated at 330 DEG C
But, you can obtain the hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat；
(2) each raw material components of foliar fertilizer are weighed by weight, then by the hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat weighed,
Methene butanedioic acid, epsilon-polylysine, animal amino acid, trace-element fertilizer and biochemical fulvic acid powder are put into water, and stirring is extremely
Dissolving, produces the foliar fertilizer of the present invention.
Three, carry out sweet potato plantation by step in detail below：
1) site preparation：After deep ploughing processing 35cm, the fulvic acid aqueous solution is sprayed to soil moistening and the covering with plastic film 3 completely of deep ploughing
My god, then remove mulch film, spread the base manure that a thickness is 8cm and turned over, make after base manure is well mixed with soil, then using mulch film
Covering treatment 15 days；
2) ridging：The a height of 15cm in ridge, row spacing is 40cm, and leveling is pushed up on ridge, and on ridge both sides, hook soil is padded, and ditch is made in centre
Shape；
3) seedling is selected in nursery：Using being of moderate size, the potato wedge without disease pest, without wound do potato seed and carry out nursery, when potato wedge is grown
Potato seedling growth length when being 25cm, numerous seedling is heeled in progress, and pinching is pinched promotion potato seedling growth branch；When the potato seedling growth length heeled in reaches
During 35cm, cut and adopt a length of 25cm tender strong sprout of first paragraph and make seedling, and sterilization treatment is carried out to seedling；
4) plant：Planted in early July to mid-August, seedling transplant depth is 7cm, every mu of 3200 plants of transplanting；
5) apply fertilizer：Base manure 1 time, foliar fertilizer 2 times are imposed in 1-5 months after planting；
6) diseases prevention：After planting diseases prevention liquid is sprayed in 1-2 months 2 times.
Wherein, the fulvic acid aqueous solution is prepared by fulvic acid and water in 1.5: 6 ratio mixed dissolution；It is described to go out
Bacterium is processed as：Using 700 times of liquid of 500 times of liquid of carbendazim colloidal suspending agent or thiophanate methyl, 8cm sections of immersion 10- of seedling base portion
15min；The diseases prevention liquid well mixed is made up at 7: 3 by volume of SODLUM FULVATE and methyl cloth support Tianjin.
Compliance test result：Implantation methods as described in 1-3 of the embodiment of the present invention plant sweet potato, are used as experimental group 1-3；By one
As base manure and foliar fertilizer replace 1-3 of the embodiment of the present invention base manure and foliar fertilizer (general base manure：By excrement and stalk fermentation
Proportioning is mixed the tri- kinds of inorganic fertilizer of farm manure and N, P, K obtained at random；General foliar fertilizer：It is not dissolved in by N, P, K nutriment in a fertilizer
Water is made), sweet potato (each group dose is completely the same) is planted in the case where remaining condition is complete unanimously, as a control group 1-
3；Plantation sweet potato is until harvesting, compares the utilization power of each group fertilizer and the yield of gained sweet potato, the results are shown in Table 1 respectively：
The experimental group of table 1 and control group fertilizer utilization situation and Ipomoea batatas production statistical form
| Project | Experimental group 1 | Experimental group 2 | Experimental group 3 | Control group 1 | Control group 2 | Control group 3 |
| Plant number/strain | 200 | 200 | 200 | 200 | 200 | 200 |
| Ipomoea batatas production (Kg) | 340 | 342 | 341 | 300 | 303 | 305 |
As shown in Table 1, in the case where remaining is consistent, the base manure and foliar fertilizer of the compounding application present invention is with applying one
As base manure compared with foliar fertilizer, Ipomoea batatas production improves 12.1-12.9%.Thus, it is possible to find out, base manure and leaf of the invention
Leaven utilization rate is high, and compounding application base manure and foliar fertilizer in the present inventive method, can effectively improve the yield of sweet potato.
Described above is the detailed description for the present invention preferably possible embodiments, but embodiment is not limited to this hair
The equal change or modification change completed under bright patent claim, the technical spirit suggested by all present invention, all should belong to
Cover the scope of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of implantation methods of sweet potato, it is characterised in that including step in detail below：
1) site preparation：After deep ploughing processing 30-35cm, the fulvic acid aqueous solution is sprayed to soil moistening and the covering with plastic film 2-3 completely of deep ploughing
My god, then remove mulch film, spread the base manure that a thickness is 4-8cm and turned over, make after base manure is well mixed with soil, then using ground
Film covering treatment 10-15 days；
2) ridging：The a height of 10-15cm in ridge, row spacing is 30-40cm, and leveling is pushed up on ridge, and on ridge both sides, hook soil is padded, and ditch is made in centre
Shape；
3) seedling is selected in nursery：Using being of moderate size, the potato wedge without disease pest, without wound does potato seed and carries out nursery, the potato grown when potato wedge
When seedling length is 20-25cm, numerous seedling is heeled in progress, and pinching is pinched and promotes potato seedling growth branch；When the potato seedling growth length heeled in reaches 30-
During 35cm, cut and adopt a length of 20-25cm tender strong sprout of first paragraph and make seedling, and sterilization treatment is carried out to seedling；
4) plant：Planted in early July to mid-August, seedling transplant depth is 5-7cm, every mu of 3000-3200 plants of transplanting；
5) apply fertilizer：Base manure 1 time, foliar fertilizer 2 times are imposed in 1-5 months after planting；
6) diseases prevention：After planting diseases prevention liquid is sprayed in 1-2 months 1-2 times；
Wherein, the base manure is prepared from by the raw material of following parts by weight：15-30 parts of potassium silicate, 15-30 parts of edible fungi residue,
10-23 parts of rice bran, composite fertilizer 10-20 parts, 8-15 parts of peat, 8-15 parts of PERFORMANCE OF MODIFIED VERMICULITE powder, 5-13 parts of microbial-bacterial fertilizer, humic acid
1-3 parts of 2-5 parts, 1-3 parts of calcium superphosphate and meal wheat stone flour；
The foliar fertilizer is prepared from by the raw material of following parts by weight：8-20 parts of hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat, methene butanedioic acid
7-17 parts, 5-15 parts of epsilon-polylysine, 3-10 parts of animal amino acid, 3-8 parts of trace-element fertilizer, 1-5 parts of biochemical fulvic acid powder
With 500-700 parts of water.
2. the implantation methods of a kind of sweet potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the PERFORMANCE OF MODIFIED VERMICULITE powder is by following heavy
The raw material of amount part is well mixed to be made：Pig manure degradation solution is modified 12-23 parts of sodium base vermiculite power, iron carbonyl overlay film vermiculite power 12-22
Part, iron carbonyl are modified 10-18 parts of sodium base vermiculite power and tannic acid modified vermiculite power 8-17 parts.
3. a kind of implantation methods of sweet potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the microbial-bacterial fertilizer is by following weight
The raw material of part is well mixed to be made：8-12 parts of azotobacter, from 6-12 parts of mycorrhizal fungi, 5-10 parts of rhizobium and external bacterium
4-8 parts of mycorrhiza fungi, 3-8 parts of colloid bacillus cereus.
4. a kind of implantation methods of sweet potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat
Preparation method is：By weight, 16-30 parts of ammonium sulfate and 2-4 parts of titanium-containing blast furnace slag is weighed respectively, it is then that titaniferous is high
Clinker adds ammonium sulfate after Water Quenching, and 33-38min is heated at 320-330 DEG C, is then cooled down, you can obtain described
Hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat.
5. a kind of implantation methods of sweet potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 1) in, the fulvic acid is water-soluble
Liquid is prepared by fulvic acid and water in 1-1.5: 6 ratio mixed dissolution.
6. a kind of implantation methods of sweet potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 3) in, the sterilization treatment is：
Using 700 times of liquid of 500 times of liquid of carbendazim colloidal suspending agent or thiophanate methyl, 6-8cm sections of immersion 10-15min of seedling base portion.
7. a kind of implantation methods of sweet potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step 6) in, the diseases prevention liquid is by Huang
Rotten acid sodium and methyl cloth support Tianjin well mixed are made at 7: 3 by volume.
8. a kind of implantation methods of sweet potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the potassium silicate is by sheep manure, chicken manure, duck
Excrement and stalk are made for 30-40 days by weight 8: 3: 3: 2 hybrid composting.
9. a kind of implantation methods of sweet potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the base manure is by step system in detail below
Into：
(1) each raw material components of base manure are weighed by weight, then mix to each raw material components uniformly, in temperature
It is 90% time placement 10-15 days for 35-40 DEG C, humidity, and was stirred once every 3-5 days, that is, obtains base manure mixture, it is standby；
(2) humidity of base manure mixture is dropped into 30-35%, then granulated with comminutor, obtain the base that particle diameter is 3-5mm
Fertile particle, obtained base manure particle is dried to water content and is less than 3%, you can obtain the base manure of the present invention.
10. a kind of implantation methods of sweet potato according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the foliar fertilizer by preparation method
For：Each raw material components of foliar fertilizer are weighed by weight, then by the hexanoic acid diethylaminoethanol fat weighed, methene amber
Acid, epsilon-polylysine, animal amino acid, trace-element fertilizer and biochemical fulvic acid powder are put into water, and stirring is produced to dissolving
The foliar fertilizer of the present invention.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109169100A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-11 | 鲍源 | Purple sweet potato cultural method |
| CN109467478A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-15 | 湖南省作物研究所 | A kind of compound fertilizer being suitable for Red Soil Region of South China sweet potato and preparation method and application |
| CN114342765A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-04-15 | 江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所(江苏徐州甘薯研究中心) | Cultivation method for improving carbon fixation and emission reduction capability of sweet potatoes |
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| CN105906434A (en) * | 2016-05-02 | 2016-08-31 | 威海贯标信息科技有限公司 | Foliar fertilizer for growth of sweet potatoes |
| CN106342504A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-01-25 | 松桃苗族自治县土肥站 | Sweet potato planting method |
| CN106542916A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-03-29 | 李昌州 | A kind of Radix Ipomoeae plants special fertilizer |
| CN106550695A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2017-04-05 | 韩浩良 | A kind of new method of Radix Ipomoeae high-yield culturing |
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| CN105110956A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-12-02 | 凤台县绿然农业发展有限公司 | Loose and water-retention colored oyster mushroom efficient culture medium and making method thereof |
| CN106550695A (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2017-04-05 | 韩浩良 | A kind of new method of Radix Ipomoeae high-yield culturing |
| CN105906434A (en) * | 2016-05-02 | 2016-08-31 | 威海贯标信息科技有限公司 | Foliar fertilizer for growth of sweet potatoes |
| CN106342504A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-01-25 | 松桃苗族自治县土肥站 | Sweet potato planting method |
| CN106542916A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-03-29 | 李昌州 | A kind of Radix Ipomoeae plants special fertilizer |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109169100A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2019-01-11 | 鲍源 | Purple sweet potato cultural method |
| CN109467478A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-15 | 湖南省作物研究所 | A kind of compound fertilizer being suitable for Red Soil Region of South China sweet potato and preparation method and application |
| CN114342765A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-04-15 | 江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所(江苏徐州甘薯研究中心) | Cultivation method for improving carbon fixation and emission reduction capability of sweet potatoes |
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