CN107124996A - Zinc-rich lotus seeds cultural method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of zinc-rich lotus seeds cultural method, including following aspect：Seed selection, the selection in lotus field, digging kind are colonized, adjust water level, weeding, topdress, protect leaf priming leaf, harvesting, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；Using the seed lotus implantation methods of the present invention, the 120 kg of obturator lotus 100 is done in per mu yield, and maximum output is up to 150 kilograms, and sugar content is high, and taste is sweet, and quality is excellent.Plant overall process simultaneously to have no adverse effects to environment, the physicochemical property to planting soil on the premise of seed lotus yield and quality is improved also has larger improvement, realizes the plantation theory of green ecological.

Description

Zinc-rich lotus seeds cultural method

Technical field

The present invention relates to technical field of crop cultivation, and in particular to a kind of zinc-rich lotus seeds cultural method.

Background technology

The nutritive value of lotus seeds is higher, containing abundant protein, fat and carbohydrate, calcium, phosphorus in lotus seeds and Potassium content enriches very much, in addition to it may be constructed the composition of bone and tooth, also promotes blood coagulation, makes some enzyme activations, maintains god Through conductibility, calm nerve maintains the effect such as the retractility of muscle and the rhythm and pace of moving things of heartbeat.Abundant phosphorus or Nuclear extract Chief component, helps body to carry out protein, fat, carbohydate metabolism, and maintains acid-base balance, and the formation to sperm also has Important function.Lotus seeds have functions that mental-tranquilization.Middle-aged and old particularly brain workers often eat, and can be strengthened with brain tonic Memory, improves operating efficiency and can prevent the generation of senile dementia.Lotus nut taste is extremely bitter, but has significant cardiac stimulant to make With can expand peripheral vascular, reduce blood pressure.Lotus nut also has the effect for going internal heat well, treats aphthae, helps sleep. Lotus seeds play the role of invigorating heart kidney tonifying, invigorating the spleen to arrest diarrhea, controlling nocturnal emission with astringent drugs is calmed the nerves, and is the product in popular season.With carrying for quality of the life Height, its market demand also increases year by year, and cultigen is implanted with good prospect.

In order to meet demand of the market to lotus seeds, nutrients resource should be improved while per unit area yield is increased substantially utilizes effect Rate.It is and the irrational field management measure of peasant household result in the limitation of seed lotus yield at present, such as a large amount of to be led using chemical fertilizer Cause soil soil property to deteriorate, grasp indefinite to pouring water, both waste great lot of water resources, and do not obtain due effect, plant Method is cumbersome, and work consuming takes.And seed lotus requires higher to conditions such as water, fertilizer, temperature in itself, if therefore thinking further to carry High seed lotus yield needs finer administrative skill.

For this in the present case, the main limiting factor produced for seed lotus, with reference to northern area soil characteristic, passes through The realization degree of the optimization of administrative skill, clearly volume increase and synergy, to obtain the lotus seeds of high-yield high-quality, improves the economic receipts of plantation Benefit.

The content of the invention

The technical problems to be solved by the invention are that improving a kind of method is easily achieved, the low zinc-rich lotus seeds cultivation of cost Method, its yield is high, and quality better is nutritious.

The technical problems to be solved by the invention are realized using following technical scheme：

A kind of zinc-rich lotus seeds cultural method, specific method step is as follows：

(1) choose seeds：The high kind lotus root of setting percentage is selected, lotus root is planted and answers terminal bud complete, lotus root body is healthy and strong, two one buds of section, disease-free spot Main lotus root or sub- lotus root are planted, and accomplish with digging with cultivation；

(2) selection in lotus field：It can be planted using low-lying field, rice field (pH value 6.5~7.5), with reference to whole field, every mu is applied corruption Ripe 1000~1500kg of chicken manure, 40~50kg of quick lime；After basal dressing, field turn over to rake, 3~5cm shallow waters is filled and waits to broadcast, To prevent growing grass, and convenient after planting steady seedling；

Quick lime is also the fertilizer of kind of lotus root, the acid-base value for the water saving soil that can not only wither after application and makes excessively soft to macerate mud change Obtain more solid, be conducive to the growth of kind of lotus root, and the effect for also having prevention lotus root maggot, rot and water silk floss to occur；

(3) kind of a field planting is dug：At the beginning of 4 months, kind of a lotus root is dug out, is put in order by two one buds of section, is put into water and soaks, prevent epidermis Dry, loss of moist is transported to the lotus field put in order, 180~220 plants, 150~200 centimetres of progress of seeding row spacing are colonized by every mu Field planting；

Planting lotus root should move towards uniform in field bud head, general during plantation to take the mode tiltedly planted, i.e. lotus root head to enter mud depth, most deutomerite It is micro- to stick up mud extraction face, it is front and rear with ground level into 20 DEG C~25 DEG C of inclination angle.When so not only effectively can prevent that subterranean stem from extracting out Expose outside mud, and lotus root body can be made to improve own temperature close to sunlight, promote early hair.If the viscous weight of soil, after lotus root head plant Walk stem elongation more difficult, then preferably put down plant.

(4) water level is adjusted：Lotus field can not be cut off the water supply, and water depth should be controlled by according to the principle of " shallow-deep-shallow "；Plantation Initial stage, stratification, Tanaka's water level was maintained at 6~7cm, during 2~3 vertical leaves in 3~5cm after floating leaf appearance to improve ground temperature Rise to 10cm；Later as the rising of temperature, lotus rhizome plant grow tall, gradually deepen to 20cm, it is most deep to be no more than 30cm；Lotus root After leaf is occurred, should in 2~3 days by water in field fall it is shallow arrive l0cm or so, most it is deep be no more than 20cm, with promote tie lotus root；If now Water level is too deep, then promotes to regenerate vertical leaf and delay knot lotus root；Whole growth period requires that fluctuation in stage eases up, it is impossible to soars and breaks, When drought when flood；After withered lotus, such as reserve seed for planting to next year, the water layer of certain depth should be kept, it is dry and cracked to prevent soil, it is freezing in severe winter Lower stem；Soil block behind dry field can be avoided to be hardened simultaneously, it is difficult to from digging；

(5) weeding：Weeding does not have time restriction, has grass just to remove, and step is light during weeding, hinders subterranean stem to prevent stepping on, simultaneously Stalk, leaf are protected, in order to avoid do folding, damage；

(6) topdress：Leaf phase, early flowering season and full-bloom stage are found using 10m l syringes to plant injection zinc-rich liquid fertilizer in lotus rhizome, Injection site is at flower 5cm, and every injection in 10 days once, each every plant of 10ml founds leaf phase, early flowering season and full-bloom stage every Phase injects 2 times, is injected by stem, and diseases on plant stalk absorbs nutrient, can convert inorganic elements while meeting basic nutrient To be easy to the organic element of plant absorption, strengthen fruit Zn content；

Above-mentioned zinc-rich liquid fertilizer is made up of the component of following parts by weight：Amino acid 20, zinc sulfate 0.5, auximone 1.2nd, calcium activated 0.8, Tea Polyphenols 0.05, water-soluble phosphorus 3.2, chelating potassium 0.6, solvent (water) 500；Carried out by the way of injection Nutrient supply, solves traditional root, the problem of foliage dressing absorptivity is low, the conversion beneficial to zinc absorbs, while reducing fertilizer Consumption, solves the problems, such as soil hardening；It is low using cost, it is environmentally safe；

(7) leaf priming leaf is protected：The floating leaf in part is extractd when seed lotus seals row, it is withered and yellow without Hua Liye, grow into full-bloom stage point 1 ~2 vertical leaves of the excision without Hua Liye, including dead flower bud；During harvesting, a seedpod of the lotus is often plucked, the lotus on same section is extractd conveniently Leaf, stops until late August；But the sparse lotus leaf of distribution should not be won.Should keep greenery after September part, with promote full seed and New lotus root is formed.

(8) insect pest preventing and controlling

The main diseases and insect pests of harm seed lotus have：Lotus Autographa spp, aphid, lotus rot.

A, lotus Autographa spp：Occurred within 1 year for 4-5 generations, generation overlap endangers since mid-April.Mainly larva is nibbled Lotus leaf, bud and the seedpod of the lotus.Newly hatched larvae is clustered in the lotus leaf back side, and the blade removal that insect population is concentrated can be bundled into group and treaded in mud. Chemical control can be sprayed with 1000 times of liquid of 1000 times of formonitrile HCN chrysanthemum fat or ddvp emulsion；Larva is scattered after three ages takes food, and medicament is prevented Control less effective, can in field management and Cai Lian artificial capture method；

B, aphid：Seed lotus whole growth period is all endangered by it, and early stage occurs seriously, and multi-relation clustering is in the spire back side, young tender leaf On handle, bennet and bud, juice is drawn, spire curls inward is caused, shrinkage, withered, bennet and petiole are lopsided, and bud is wilting.Preventing and treating Method：Sprayed with 40% Rogor, 1500 times of liquid.

C, lotus rot：Rot is the Major Diseases in the production of seed lotus, and occurring area is big, and harm is serious.Relatively have at present The method of effect, which should mainly be taken, puts prevention first, i.e. the coming year prepares the field of kind of lotus and poured water in the winter time winter leaching, and mu is used when planting lotus plow harrow 2-3 jins of meter Le Er kills nematode, and mid or late May-early June is enjoyed 3000 times of liquid and filled the root and stem of certain plants 4-5 times with green.

(9) harvest：When brown speckle occurs in the seedpod of the lotus, slightly separated between lotus seeds and seedpod of the lotus cell, lotus seeds pericarp band purple, For Harvesting Date；The harvesting of the seedpod of the lotus is ripe consistent, and harvesting one is fluffy, the next day harvesting once.Lotus seeds time of picking is general from late June ~can harvest successively by the end of September.

The preparation method of above-mentioned zinc-rich liquid fertilizer is as follows：

(1) zinc sulfate is dissolved in base fluid, the self-dissolving 2 hours at 53-55 DEG C of temperature, natural ph will be molten after self-dissolving The pH value of liquid is adjusted to 6-7, then adds calcium activated and chelating potassium, is hydrolyzed 20-24 hours at 55 ± 2 DEG C of temperature, is obtained zinc Calcium hydrolyzate is stand-by；

(2) zinc calcium hydrolyzate is put into reactor, opens steam valve, reactor is heated up, control reaction temperature Degree is kept for 15 minutes at 60~75 DEG C, is then turned on reactor and is stirred, and mixing speed is controlled at 260~280 revs/min, then Water-soluble phosphorus and Tea Polyphenols are added from from head tank, mixes 35 minutes, each material is fully dissolved mixing；

(3) after stirring terminates, material in reactor is down to normal temperature, input amino acid and auximone, 10- is first stirred 15 minutes, kettle temperature is then risen, control temperature is continuously stirred 20 minutes at 70 DEG C under 260~280 revs/min；

(4) mixed liquor in step (3) is filtered, obtains filtered fluid, as zinc-rich liquid fertilizer.

The amino acid is preferably compound amino acid, basic nutrition composition needed for supply lotus seeds growth, it is ensured that plant health Growth.

Calcium is regulation cell liquid pH value, and stable intracellular environment prevents organic acid from accumulating and being poisoned in plant, calcium promotes The absorption of Nitrate in Plants；The application selects calcium activated, its contain micro natural mineral matter potassium, sodium, iron, manganese, silicon, phosphorus, The elements such as zinc, are activated in process, as excellent nutrient.These elements largely have physiological function, are enzymes With the key component of protein system, stable or activation is played to nucleic acid hormone, cell membrane etc..Promote plant to micro member The sorption enhanced of element.

Using the seed lotus implantation methods of the present invention, 100-120 kilograms of obturator lotus is done in per mu yield, maximum output up to 150 kilograms, And sugar content is high, taste is sweet, and quality is excellent.Simultaneously plant overall process environment is had no adverse effects, improve seed lotus yield and Also there is larger improvement to the physicochemical property of planting soil on the premise of quality, realize the plantation theory of green ecological.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The present invention can effectively facilitate the growth of seed lotus by the management of science, improve zinc member Cellulose content, improves quality；And cultivation is convenient, cost is low, Product Green health, nutritious.

Embodiment

In order that the technical means, the inventive features, the objects and the advantages of the present invention are easy to understand, tie below Specific embodiment is closed, the present invention is expanded on further.

Embodiment 1

A kind of zinc-rich lotus seeds cultural method, specific method step is as follows：

(1) choose seeds：The high kind lotus root of setting percentage is selected, lotus root is planted and answers terminal bud complete, lotus root body is healthy and strong, two one buds of section, disease-free spot Main lotus root or sub- lotus root are planted, and accomplish with digging with cultivation；

(2) selection in lotus field：It can be planted using low-lying field, rice field (pH value 6.5~7.5), with reference to whole field, every mu is applied corruption Ripe 1000~1500kg of chicken manure, 40~50kg of quick lime；After basal dressing, field turn over to rake, 3~5cm shallow waters is filled and waits to broadcast, To prevent growing grass, and convenient after planting steady seedling；

Quick lime is also the fertilizer of kind of lotus root, the acid-base value for the water saving soil that can not only wither after application and makes excessively soft to macerate mud change Obtain more solid, be conducive to the growth of kind of lotus root, and the effect for also having prevention lotus root maggot, rot and water silk floss to occur；

(3) kind of a field planting is dug：At the beginning of 4 months, kind of a lotus root is dug out, is put in order by two one buds of section, is put into water and soaks, prevent epidermis Dry, loss of moist is transported to the lotus field put in order, 180~220 plants, 150~200 centimetres of progress of seeding row spacing are colonized by every mu Field planting；

Planting lotus root should move towards uniform in field bud head, general during plantation to take the mode tiltedly planted, i.e. lotus root head to enter mud depth, most deutomerite It is micro- to stick up mud extraction face, it is front and rear with ground level into 20 DEG C~25 DEG C of inclination angle.When so not only effectively can prevent that subterranean stem from extracting out Expose outside mud, and lotus root body can be made to improve own temperature close to sunlight, promote early hair.If the viscous weight of soil, after lotus root head plant Walk stem elongation more difficult, then preferably put down plant.

(4) water level is adjusted：Lotus field can not be cut off the water supply, and water depth should be controlled by according to the principle of " shallow-deep-shallow "；Plantation Initial stage, stratification, Tanaka's water level was maintained at 6~7cm, during 2~3 vertical leaves in 3~5cm after floating leaf appearance to improve ground temperature Rise to 10cm；Later as the rising of temperature, lotus rhizome plant grow tall, gradually deepen to 20cm, it is most deep to be no more than 30cm；Lotus root After leaf is occurred, should in 2~3 days by water in field fall it is shallow arrive l0cm or so, most it is deep be no more than 20cm, with promote tie lotus root；If now Water level is too deep, then promotes to regenerate vertical leaf and delay knot lotus root；Whole growth period requires that fluctuation in stage eases up, it is impossible to soars and breaks, When drought when flood；After withered lotus, such as reserve seed for planting to next year, the water layer of certain depth should be kept, it is dry and cracked to prevent soil, it is freezing in severe winter Lower stem；Soil block behind dry field can be avoided to be hardened simultaneously, it is difficult to from digging；

(5) weeding：Weeding does not have time restriction, has grass just to remove, and step is light during weeding, hinders subterranean stem to prevent stepping on, simultaneously Stalk, leaf are protected, in order to avoid do folding, damage；

(6) topdress：Leaf phase, early flowering season and full-bloom stage are found using 10ml syringes to plant injection zinc-rich liquid fertilizer in lotus rhizome, Injection site is at flower 5cm, and every injection in 10 days once, each every plant of 10ml founds leaf phase, early flowering season and full-bloom stage every Phase injects 2 times, is injected by stem, and diseases on plant stalk absorbs nutrient, can convert inorganic elements while meeting basic nutrient To be easy to the organic element of plant absorption, strengthen fruit Zn content；

Above-mentioned zinc-rich liquid fertilizer is made up of the component of following parts by weight：Amino acid 20, zinc sulfate 0.5, auximone 1.2nd, calcium activated 0.8, Tea Polyphenols 0.05, water-soluble phosphorus 3.2, chelating potassium 0.6, solvent (water) 500；Carried out by the way of injection Nutrient supply, solves traditional root, the problem of foliage dressing absorptivity is low, the conversion beneficial to zinc absorbs, while reducing fertilizer Consumption, solves the problems, such as soil hardening；It is low using cost, it is environmentally safe；

(7) leaf priming leaf is protected：The floating leaf in part is extractd when seed lotus seals row, it is withered and yellow without Hua Liye, grow into full-bloom stage point 1 ~2 vertical leaves of the excision without Hua Liye, including dead flower bud；During harvesting, a seedpod of the lotus is often plucked, the lotus on same section is extractd conveniently Leaf, stops until late August；But the sparse lotus leaf of distribution should not be won.Should keep greenery after September part, with promote full seed and New lotus root is formed.

(8) insect pest preventing and controlling

The main diseases and insect pests of harm seed lotus have：Lotus Autographa spp, aphid, lotus rot.

A, lotus Autographa spp：Occurred within 1 year for 4-5 generations, generation overlap endangers since mid-April.Mainly larva is nibbled Lotus leaf, bud and the seedpod of the lotus.Newly hatched larvae is clustered in the lotus leaf back side, and the blade removal that insect population is concentrated can be bundled into group and treaded in mud. Chemical control can be sprayed with 1000 times of liquid of 1000 times of formonitrile HCN chrysanthemum fat or ddvp emulsion；Larva is scattered after three ages takes food, and medicament is prevented Control less effective, can in field management and Cai Lian artificial capture method；

B, aphid：Seed lotus whole growth period is all endangered by it, and early stage occurs seriously, and multi-relation clustering is in the spire back side, young tender leaf On handle, bennet and bud, juice is drawn, spire curls inward is caused, shrinkage, withered, bennet and petiole are lopsided, and bud is wilting.Preventing and treating Method：Sprayed with 40% Rogor, 1500 times of liquid.

C, lotus rot：Rot is the Major Diseases in the production of seed lotus, and occurring area is big, and harm is serious.Relatively have at present The method of effect, which should mainly be taken, puts prevention first, i.e. the coming year prepares the field of kind of lotus and poured water in the winter time winter leaching, and mu is used when planting lotus plow harrow 2-3 jins of meter Le Er kills nematode, and mid or late May-early June is enjoyed 3000 times of liquid and filled the root and stem of certain plants 4-5 times with green.

(9) harvest：When brown speckle occurs in the seedpod of the lotus, slightly separated between lotus seeds and seedpod of the lotus cell, lotus seeds pericarp band purple, For Harvesting Date；The harvesting of the seedpod of the lotus is ripe consistent, and harvesting one is fluffy, the next day harvesting once.Lotus seeds time of picking is general from late June ~can harvest successively by the end of September.

The preparation method of above-mentioned zinc-rich liquid fertilizer is as follows：

(1) zinc sulfate is dissolved in base fluid, the self-dissolving 2 hours at 53-55 DEG C of temperature, natural ph will be molten after self-dissolving The pH value of liquid is adjusted to 6-7, then adds calcium activated and chelating potassium, is hydrolyzed 20-24 hours at 55 ± 2 DEG C of temperature, is obtained zinc Calcium hydrolyzate is stand-by；

(2) zinc calcium hydrolyzate is put into reactor, opens steam valve, reactor is heated up, control reaction temperature Degree is kept for 15 minutes at 60~75 DEG C, is then turned on reactor and is stirred, and mixing speed is controlled at 260~280 revs/min, then Water-soluble phosphorus and Tea Polyphenols are added from from head tank, mixes 35 minutes, each material is fully dissolved mixing；

(3) after stirring terminates, material in reactor is down to normal temperature, input amino acid and auximone, 10- is first stirred 15 minutes, kettle temperature is then risen, control temperature is continuously stirred 20 minutes at 70 DEG C under 260~280 revs/min；

(4) mixed liquor in step (3) is filtered, obtains filtered fluid, as zinc-rich liquid fertilizer.

Comparative example 1：

Planted with traditional lotus seeds implantation methods, comparative example uses commercially available zinc fertilizer, Zn content >=20%, comparative example 1 is applied Fertile method：Apply fertilizer, respectively applied once in vertical leaf phase, early flowering season, full-bloom stage and harvesting later stage respectively in direct water.

According to embodiment 1 and the lotus seeds implantation methods of comparative example 1, in identical area, identical Lotus Seed Varieties are planted, are implemented The planting effect of example 1 and the lotus seeds of comparative example 1 is shown in Table 1.

When fruit maturation, zinc content, specific data such as following table are detected respectively：

The general principle and principal character and advantages of the present invention of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and specification is originally The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, these changes Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its Equivalent thereof.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of zinc-rich lotus seeds cultural method, it is characterised in that specific method step is as follows：

(1) choose seeds：The kind lotus root for selecting setting percentage high, plants lotus root and answers terminal bud complete, and lotus root body is healthy and strong, two save a buds, the main lotus root of disease-free spot Or sub- lotus root is planted, accomplish with digging with cultivation；

(2) selection in lotus field：Can be planted using low-lying field, rice field, with reference to whole field, every mu apply Chicken dung 1000~ 1500kg, 40~50kg of quick lime；After basal dressing, field turn over to rake, 3~5cm shallow waters is filled and waits to broadcast, to prevent growing grass, and Convenient after planting steady seedling；

(3) kind of a field planting is dug：At the beginning of 4 months, kind of a lotus root is dug out, is put in order by two one buds of section, is put into water and soaks, prevent epidermal stem Dry, loss of moist is transported to the lotus field put in order, is colonized 180~220 plants by every mu, 150~200 centimetres of seeding row spacing is determined Plant；

Planting lotus root should move towards uniform in field bud head, and general during plantation to take the mode tiltedly planted, i.e. lotus root head to enter mud depth, most deutomerite is micro- to stick up Mud extraction face, it is front and rear with ground level into 20 DEG C~25 DEG C of inclination angle；So it not only can effectively prevent from exposing when subterranean stem from extracting out Outside mud, and lotus root body can be made to improve own temperature close to sunlight, promote early hair；If the viscous weight of soil, stem is walked after lotus root head plant Elongation is more difficult, then preferably puts down plant；

(4) water level is adjusted：Lotus field can not be cut off the water supply, and water depth should be controlled by according to the principle of " shallow-deep-shallow "；Plantation initial stage To improve ground temperature, stratification, Tanaka's water level is maintained at 6~7cm after floating leaf appearance, risen to during 2~3 vertical leaves in 3~5cm 10cm；Later as the rising of temperature, lotus rhizome plant grow tall, gradually deepen to 20cm, it is most deep to be no more than 30cm；Lotus root is leaf After appearance, should in 2~3 days by water in field fall it is shallow arrive 10cm or so, most it is deep be no more than 20cm, with promote tie lotus root；If now water level It is too deep, then promote to regenerate vertical leaf and delay knot lotus root；Whole growth period requires that fluctuation in stage eases up, it is impossible to soars and breaks, when drought When flood；After withered lotus, such as reserve seed for planting to next year, the water layer of certain depth should be kept, it is dry and cracked to prevent soil, in severe winter freezing underground Stem；Soil block behind dry field can be avoided to be hardened simultaneously, it is difficult to from digging；

(5) weeding：Weeding does not have time restriction, has grass just to remove, and step is light during weeding, and subterranean stem is hindered to prevent stepping on, and protects simultaneously Good stalk, leaf, in order to avoid do folding, damage；

(6) topdress：Leaf phase, early flowering season and full-bloom stage are found using 10ml syringes to plant injection zinc-rich liquid fertilizer, injection in lotus rhizome Position is at flower 5cm, and every injection in 10 days once, each every plant of 10ml founds leaf phase, each issue of note of early flowering season and full-bloom stage Penetrate 2 times；

Above-mentioned zinc-rich liquid fertilizer is made up of the component of following parts by weight：Amino acid 20, zinc sulfate 0.5, auximone 1.2, Calcium activated 0.8, Tea Polyphenols 0.05, water-soluble phosphorus 3.2, chelating potassium 0.6, solvent 500；

(7) leaf priming leaf is protected：The floating leaf in part is extractd when seed lotus seals row, it is withered and yellow without Hua Liye, grow into full-bloom stage point 1~2 Secondary vertical leaf of the excision without Hua Liye, including dead flower bud；During harvesting, a seedpod of the lotus is often plucked, the lotus leaf on same section is extractd conveniently, directly Stop to late August；But the sparse lotus leaf of distribution should not be won；Greenery should be kept after September part, to promote full seed and new lotus root shape Into；

(8) insect pest preventing and controlling

A, lotus Autographa spp：Occurred within 1 year for 4-5 generations, generation overlap endangers since mid-April；Mainly larva nibble lotus leaf, Bud and the seedpod of the lotus；Newly hatched larvae is clustered in the lotus leaf back side, and the blade removal that insect population is concentrated can be bundled into group and treaded in mud；Medicament is prevented Control 1000 times of available formonitrile HCN chrysanthemum fat or 1000 times of liquid of ddvp emulsion are sprayed；Larva is scattered after three ages takes food, effect of chemical control It is not good enough, can in field management and Cai Lian artificial capture method；

B, aphid：Seed lotus whole growth period is all endangered by it, and early stage occurs seriously, and multi-relation clustering is in the spire back side, young tender leaf handle, flower On stalk and bud, juice is drawn, spire curls inward is caused, shrinkage, withered, bennet and petiole are lopsided, and bud is wilting；Prevention and controls： Sprayed with 40% Rogor, 1500 times of liquid；

C, lotus rot：Rot is the Major Diseases in the production of seed lotus, and occurring area is big, and harm is serious；It is more effective at present Method, which should mainly be taken, puts prevention first, i.e. the coming year prepares the field of kind of lotus and poured water in the winter time winter leaching, and mu uses meter Le when planting lotus plow harrow You 2-3 jin kill nematode, mid or late May-early June enjoys 3000 times of liquid filling root and stem of certain plants 4-5 times with green；

(9) harvest：When brown speckle occurs in the seedpod of the lotus, slightly separated between lotus seeds and seedpod of the lotus cell, lotus seeds pericarp band purple, to adopt Receive optimum period；The harvesting of the seedpod of the lotus is ripe consistent, and harvesting one is fluffy, the next day harvesting once；Lotus seeds time of picking is general from late June~9 The end of month can harvest successively.

2. zinc-rich lotus seeds cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the preparation method of above-mentioned zinc-rich liquid fertilizer is such as Under：

(1) zinc sulfate is dissolved in base fluid, the self-dissolving 2 hours at 53-55 DEG C of temperature, natural ph, by the solution after self-dissolving PH value is adjusted to 6-7, then adds calcium activated and chelating potassium, is hydrolyzed 20-24 hours at 55 ± 2 DEG C of temperature, is obtained zinc calcium water Solve liquid stand-by；

(2) zinc calcium hydrolyzate is put into reactor, opens steam valve, reactor is heated up, controlling reaction temperature exists 60~75 DEG C, keep 15 minutes, be then turned on reactor and be stirred, mixing speed control at 260~280 revs/min, then from from Head tank adds water-soluble phosphorus and Tea Polyphenols, mixes 35 minutes, each material is fully dissolved mixing；

(3) after stirring terminates, material in reactor is down to normal temperature, input amino acid and auximone, 10-15 points are first stirred Clock, then rises kettle temperature, and control temperature is continuously stirred 20 minutes at 70 DEG C under 260~280 revs/min；

(4) mixed liquor in step (3) is filtered, obtains filtered fluid, as zinc-rich liquid fertilizer.

3. zinc-rich lotus seeds cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the amino acid is preferably compounded amino Acid.