CN107041260B

CN107041260B - Greenhouse system and greenhouse planting method

Info

Publication number: CN107041260B
Application number: CN201710399500.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 秦春明; 秦晓汉
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2017-03-12
Filing date: 2017-05-31
Publication date: 2023-06-30
Anticipated expiration: 2037-05-31
Also published as: CN107223484B; CN108338046A; CN206776251U; CN107041260A; CN206744046U; CN107223484A

Abstract

The invention discloses a greenhouse system and a greenhouse planting method. The greenhouse system comprises a supporting frame and a first greenhouse film arranged on the supporting frame, and is characterized by further comprising a film rolling mechanism, wherein the film rolling mechanism comprises a film rolling shaft used for rolling the first greenhouse film and a driving mechanism used for driving the film rolling shaft to move, a rotating part used for converting linear motion into rotary motion to drive the film rolling shaft to rotate is arranged on the film rolling shaft, a matching part used for matching with the rotating part to drive the rotating part to rotate is further arranged on the supporting frame, and the lower edge of the first greenhouse film is arranged on the film rolling shaft. Realize the automatic opening of big-arch shelter system on a large scale, improve the quality of agricultural product.

Description

Greenhouse system and greenhouse planting method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural engineering, in particular to a greenhouse system and a greenhouse planting method.

Background

At present, greenhouse planting technology is widely popularized, wherein the greenhouse is generally composed of a supporting frame and a greenhouse film, and the greenhouse film is supported by the supporting frame to form the greenhouse. In actual use, the greenhouse is usually ventilated to meet the growth requirement of crops, and a ventilation opening is set as required in a general greenhouse, for example: chinese patent number 201520789494.6 discloses a greenhouse, wherein a cylinder is used for driving a cover plate to move up and down to realize ventilation; chinese patent No. 201320260498.6 discloses an automatic ventilation device for greenhouse, which uses a linear motor to drive a vent membrane switch covered on a vent; chinese patent No. 2015162782. X discloses an automatic operation time control system for tuyere films, wherein a ventilation opening is provided at the top of a greenhouse, and a motor is used to drive a reel to rotate to realize opening and closing of the tuyere films. The ventilation opening area of the greenhouse in the prior art is smaller, and the top of the greenhouse is still covered by a greenhouse film with a large area in the growth process of crops, so that the quality of agricultural products planted in the greenhouse is not as good as that planted in open air in a field. How to design a greenhouse capable of being opened automatically in a large range to improve the quality of agricultural products and a novel crop planting method are the technical problems to be solved by the invention.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the greenhouse system and the greenhouse planting method are provided, so that the greenhouse system can be automatically opened in a large range, and the quality of agricultural products is improved.

The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a greenhouse system, is in including braced frame and setting first canopy membrane on the braced frame, still includes a film rolling mechanism, film rolling mechanism is including being used for the rolling first canopy membrane roll up the membrane axle and drive the actuating mechanism that the membrane axle removed, be provided with on the membrane axle and be used for converting rectilinear motion into rotary motion in order to drive a membrane axle pivoted rotating part, still be provided with on the braced frame be used for with the rotating part cooperation is in order to drive rotating part pivoted cooperation portion, the lower limb of first canopy membrane sets up on the membrane axle.

Further, the rotating part is a gear arranged on the film winding shaft, and the matching part is a rack; or the rotating part is a chain wheel arranged on the film winding shaft, and the matching part is a chain; or the rotating part is a friction wheel arranged on the film winding shaft, and the matching part is a friction strip.

Further, the driving mechanism comprises a motor, a rotating shaft, a driving chain and a rolling disc, a rotatable shaft sleeve is arranged on the film rolling shaft, one end part of the driving chain is connected with the shaft sleeve, the other end part of the driving chain is connected with the rolling disc, the motor is in driving connection with the rotating shaft, a driving sprocket is arranged on the rotating shaft, and the driving sprocket is meshed with the driving chain.

Further, the actuating mechanism includes motor, two synchronizing wheels and two synchronizing wheels down, two be provided with the synchronizing rod between the synchronizing wheels, two be provided with down the synchronizing rod between the synchronizing wheels down, go up the synchronizing wheel with correspond be provided with synchronous connecting piece down between the synchronizing wheel, be provided with the mount pad on the synchronous connecting piece, be provided with the shaft hole on the mount pad, the film winding axle sets up between two mount pads and rotatable install in the shaft hole, it is in to go up the synchronizing wheel setting the upside at braced frame's top, the synchronizing wheel setting down is in braced frame's top's downside.

Further, a guide rail for guiding the film winding shaft to move is further arranged on the supporting frame, and the end part of the film winding shaft is slidably arranged on the guide rail.

Further, the lower part of the first canopy film is also provided with a water collecting tank.

Further, the lower installation surface of the greenhouse system is a ground surface reference surface; the greenhouse system further comprises a water supply pipe and a water collecting container, wherein a plurality of water outlets are formed in the pipe wall of the water supply pipe, the water collecting tank is connected with the water collecting container respectively, and the water supply pipe is connected with the water collecting container; the lower edge of the supporting frame is provided with an annular water-blocking fence, the upper part of the annular water-blocking fence is positioned above the ground surface datum plane, the lower part of the annular water-blocking fence is positioned below the ground surface datum plane, and the water supply pipe is positioned below the ground surface datum plane and lower than the annular water-blocking fence.

Further, the greenhouse system further comprises a controller, a water level detector connected with the controller is arranged in the water collecting container, an interface is arranged at the lower part of the water collecting container, the interface is connected with a water pump, and an upper humidity sensor and a lower humidity sensor are correspondingly arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the water supply pipe; the water supply pipe is connected with the water collecting container through an electromagnetic valve, and the upper humidity sensor, the lower humidity sensor and the electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with the controller; the upper humidity sensor and the lower humidity sensor are both positioned below the ground reference surface.

Further, a temperature sensor connected with the controller is arranged inside the greenhouse, and a vent capable of being opened and closed is arranged in the greenhouse; and/or, a switchable sunshade device is further arranged above the greenhouse, the greenhouse system further comprises a light sensor, and the sunshade device and the light sensor are respectively connected with the controller; and/or the greenhouse system comprises a plurality of greenhouses, wherein each greenhouse is provided with the water supply pipe, the water collecting container, the water pump and the controller; the greenhouse system is also provided with a water supply transfer container, and the water pumps are respectively connected with the water supply transfer container.

The invention also provides a greenhouse planting method, which adopts the greenhouse system; the method specifically comprises the following steps: the greenhouse in the greenhouse system is built on the planting ground surface, an annular water blocking fence is dug around the greenhouse, surrounding soil water is prevented from penetrating into the soil in the greenhouse by the annular water blocking fence, and all precipitation is collected into a water collecting container by the greenhouse, so that the soil within the depth D1 of the planting ground in the greenhouse is kept in a dry water-lack state, weeds cannot germinate and grow due to water lack, and therefore no grass is needed, and no manual and mechanical weeding is needed; the water supply pipe is deeply buried in the range of the planting depth D2 in the greenhouse, and the root of the planted plant reaches the periphery of the water supply pipe; in the drip irrigation process, if the humidity value detected by the lower humidity sensor is lower than a set value, the water collecting container is controlled to supply water to the water supply pipe, and when the humidity value of the upper humidity sensor is higher than the set value, the water collecting container is required to stop supplying water to the water supply pipe.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: according to the greenhouse system and the greenhouse planting method, the rotating part for converting the linear motion into the rotary motion is arranged on the film winding shaft, meanwhile, the matching part for matching with the rotating part is arranged on the supporting frame, the driving mechanism can drive the film winding shaft to move on the supporting frame, in the moving process of the film winding shaft, the rotating part interacts with the matching part, so that the film winding shaft rotates while moving, the first greenhouse film at the top of the supporting frame is wound by the film winding shaft, in the actual use process, high use reliability can be ensured because the driving mechanism does not need to move along with the film winding shaft, meanwhile, the film winding shaft can wind the first greenhouse film covered on the sunny side of the supporting frame as required, ventilation and open-air direct sunlight can be carried out to the greatest extent, the effect of greenhouse planting is achieved, the greenhouse system is automatically opened in a large range, and the quality of agricultural products is improved. The greenhouse is used for collecting all precipitation, the annular water blocking surrounding barrier is arranged at the lower part of the greenhouse, so that the ground surrounded by the interior of the greenhouse cannot directly obtain water supply from the exterior of the greenhouse, the water supply pipe is buried below the ground, the burying depth of the water supply pipe is reasonably designed according to the growth depth of crop roots planted in the greenhouse, so that the water conveyed by the water supply pipe can ensure that soil layers with a certain depth of the ground maintain a drought and water shortage state under the condition of meeting the growth requirements of crops, weeds cannot germinate and grow in the soil near the ground, the grass-free effect is realized, no grass-killing agent is needed, manual work, animal power or mechanical weeding is also not needed, meanwhile, the ground in the greenhouse maintains a drought state, so that the humidity in the greenhouse is reduced, and bacteria and insects are difficult to grow and reproduce on crops in a dry environment, thereby achieving the effect of preventing diseases and insect pests, reducing the pesticide consumption of a greenhouse system and achieving the purpose of green and environment-friendly planting; in addition, because the water collecting container collects the water collected by the greenhouse water collecting tank in the rainy day, the water collecting container is positioned above the water supply pipe, so that gravity can be utilized to carry out self-flow water supply on the water supply pipe or a drip irrigation system for pumping water supply, compared with pumping water from a water well and a river to irrigate, the consumption of electric energy is greatly reduced, in addition, because the water supply pipe and the drip irrigation head are buried in a soil layer, the evaporation amount of ground water is less, and the water consumption is greatly reduced.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a greenhouse system according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure in the direction M in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged partial schematic view of the N region in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating assembly of a film winding shaft, a rotating portion, a mating portion and a guide rail in a greenhouse system according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the film winding shaft, the rotating portion, the mating portion and the guide rail of the greenhouse system of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the drive mechanism and the film winding shaft in the greenhouse system of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a greenhouse system according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a layout view of a water supply pipe and a humidity sensor in the greenhouse system of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional view of a drip irrigation pipe in the greenhouse system of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a cylindrical dripper in the greenhouse system of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of an anti-blocking assembly in a greenhouse system according to the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a silicone cartridge in the greenhouse system of the present invention.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the greenhouse 1 in the greenhouse system of the present embodiment includes a supporting frame 101 and a first greenhouse film 102 disposed on the top and/or the sun-facing surface of the supporting frame 101, where the back-and-shade surface and the side walls of the supporting frame 101 may be provided with a second greenhouse film or may be configured by adopting a mounting plate, a civil wall, or the like, as required, which is not limited herein. Meanwhile, in general, when the greenhouse is built, the top of the supporting frame 101 adopts a ridge structure or an inclined plane structure, and the first greenhouse film 102 can be rolled and ventilated as required. In order to wind up the first greenhouse film 102 in a large area, the greenhouse system further comprises a film winding mechanism 7, the film winding mechanism 7 comprises a film winding shaft 74 for winding the first greenhouse film 102 and a driving mechanism for driving the film winding shaft 74 to move, a rotating part 76 for converting linear motion into rotary motion to drive the film winding shaft to rotate is arranged on the film winding shaft 74, a matching part 77 for matching with the rotating part 76 to drive the rotating part 76 to rotate is further arranged on the supporting frame 7, and the lower edge of the first greenhouse film 102 is arranged on the film winding shaft 74.

Specifically, the lower edge of the first greenhouse film 102 in the greenhouse system of the embodiment is fixed on the film winding shaft 74 in a winding manner, when ventilation is needed, the driving mechanism drives the film winding shaft 74 to move on the supporting frame 101 from bottom to top, and in the moving process of the film winding shaft 74, the rotating part 76 and the matching part 77 are mutually matched to convert the linear motion of the film winding shaft 74 into the rotation of the rotating part 76, so that the film winding shaft 74 is driven to rotate around the axis of the rotating part 76, the film winding shaft 74 is moved, the first greenhouse film 102 is wound while the film winding shaft 74 is moved, and the top of the whole top area of the amplifying greenhouse 1 can be opened completely. Wherein the rotating part 76 is a gear arranged on the film winding shaft 74, and the matching part 77 is a rack; alternatively, the rotating part 76 is a sprocket provided on the film winding shaft 74, and the engaging part 77 is a chain; alternatively, the rotating portion 76 is a friction wheel provided on the film winding shaft 74, and the engaging portion 77 is a friction bar. In order to collect rainwater, a water collecting tank 11 for collecting rainwater is further provided at one side of the lower edge of the first greenhouse film 102 in the unfolded state.

The expression entity of the driving mechanism for driving the film winding shaft 74 to move may take various structural forms, as long as the film winding shaft 74 can be moved, and the following description is given by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings:

example 1

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the driving mechanism includes a motor 71, two upper synchronizing wheels 72 and two lower synchronizing wheels 73, an upper synchronizing rod 721 is disposed between the two upper synchronizing wheels 72, a lower synchronizing rod 731 is disposed between the two lower synchronizing wheels 73, a synchronizing connecting member 75 is disposed between the upper synchronizing wheels 72 and the corresponding lower synchronizing wheels 73, a mounting seat 751 is disposed on the synchronizing connecting member 75, a shaft hole is disposed on the mounting seat 751, the film winding shaft 74 is disposed between the two mounting seats 75 and rotatably mounted in the shaft hole, a rotating portion 76 for converting linear motion into rotary motion to drive the film winding shaft to rotate is disposed on the film winding shaft 74, and a matching portion 77 for matching with the rotating portion 76 is also disposed between the upper synchronizing wheels 72 and the corresponding lower synchronizing wheels 73; the upper synchronizing wheel 72 is located at the upper part of the first greenhouse film 102, the lower synchronizing wheel 73 is located at the lower part of the first greenhouse film 102, and the lower edge of the first greenhouse film 102 is arranged on the film winding shaft 74. Specifically, the greenhouse system of this embodiment drives the upper synchronizing wheel 72 to rotate through the motor 71, so that the synchronizing connecting piece 75 drives the film winding shaft 74 to move, in addition, a water collecting tank 11 is further arranged on one side of the lower synchronizing wheel 73, and in a rainy day, rainwater on the first greenhouse film 102 is collected through the water collecting tank 11. While the synchronizing connection 75 used for the upper synchronizing wheel 72 and the lower synchronizing wheel 73 may be in the form of a belt or chain, etc.

As shown in fig. 4, the rotating portion 76 is a gear provided on the film winding shaft 74, the engaging portion 77 is a rack, and the synchronizing connector 75 is a chain, for example. After the motor 71 drives the upper synchronizing wheel 72 to rotate, the synchronizing connecting piece 75 drives the film winding shaft 74 to move, and a gear on the film winding shaft 74 is matched with a rack to enable the gear to rotate, so that the film winding shaft 74 in movement rotates around the axis of the motor, and the film winding shaft 74 moves and simultaneously winds the first greenhouse film 102. Preferably, a guide rail 78 for guiding the movement of the film winding shaft 74 is further disposed between the upper synchronizing wheel 72 and the corresponding lower synchronizing wheel 73, and an end portion of the film winding shaft 74 is slidably disposed on the guide rail 78, specifically, the film winding shaft 74 is guided by the guide rail 78 during the movement, so that smooth reciprocating movement of the film winding shaft 74 can be ensured on the one hand, and on the other hand, good contact and cooperation between the rotating portion 76 on the film winding shaft 74 and the mating portion 77 can be ensured under the guiding action of the guide rail 78, so as to ensure smooth rotation of the film winding shaft 74 during the movement. The guide rail 78 may be formed by a first strip-shaped plate 781 and a second strip-shaped plate 782, and the end of the film winding shaft 74 moves between the first strip-shaped plate 781 and the second strip-shaped plate 782, or may be formed by only the second strip-shaped plate 782 serving as the guide rail 78, and the second strip-shaped plate 782 cooperates with the cooperation portion 77 to guide the movement of the film winding shaft 74. In addition, as shown in fig. 5, in order to avoid excessive rainwater accumulation at the film winding shaft 74 in rainy days, the portion of the guide rail 78 close to the lower synchronizing wheel 73 forms a circular arc guiding portion 781 bent downward, and correspondingly, the portion of the guide rail 78 close to the lower synchronizing wheel 73 forms a circular arc track portion (not labeled), after the film winding shaft 74 moves to the lower portion, the film winding shaft 74 moves downward through the circular arc track portion guiding, and meanwhile, the rotating portion 76 on the film winding shaft 74 continuously drives the film winding shaft 74 to rotate through the cooperation of the circular arc guiding portion 781, so that the film winding shaft 74 is turned over to the lower side of the first greenhouse film 102, and thus the phenomenon of water accumulation caused by the protrusion of the film winding shaft 74 to the first greenhouse film is avoided.

Example two

As shown in fig. 6, the driving mechanism includes a motor, a rotating shaft 71, a driving chain 72 and a winding disc 73, a rotatable shaft sleeve 741 is disposed on the film winding shaft 74, one end of the driving chain 72 is connected with the shaft sleeve 741, the other end of the driving chain 72 is connected with the winding disc 73, the motor 71 is in driving connection with the rotating shaft 71, a driving sprocket 711 is disposed on the rotating shaft 71, and the driving sprocket 711 is meshed with the driving chain 72. Specifically, the rotating shaft 71 is located between the film winding shaft 74 and the winding disc 73, and the motor drives the rotating shaft 71 to rotate, so that the driving sprocket 711 pulls the film winding shaft 74 to move through the driving chain 72, and the film winding shaft 74 rotates through the cooperation of the rotating part 76 and the matching part 77. The film winding shaft 74 may also be guided by the guide rail 78 during the movement process, so as to ensure smooth movement of the film winding shaft 74.

Example III

Based on the above technical scheme, optionally, as shown in fig. 7-8, the greenhouse system of the embodiment further includes a water supply pipe 2, wherein the lower installation surface of the greenhouse 1 is a ground surface reference surface a, and further includes a water collecting container 3; a plurality of sunken water collecting tanks 11 are formed at the top of the greenhouse 1, the water collecting tanks 11 are respectively connected with the water collecting containers 3, and the water supply pipe 2 is connected with the water collecting containers 3; the lower edge of the greenhouse 1 is provided with an annular water blocking fence 4, the upper part of the annular water blocking fence 4 is located above the ground surface reference surface A, the lower part of the annular water blocking fence 4 is located below the ground surface reference surface A, and the water supply pipe 2 is located below the ground surface reference surface A and lower than the annular water blocking fence 4.

Specifically, the ground surface reference surface A of the greenhouse system is the ground surface where the greenhouse 1 is built, in the building, the annular water blocking fence 4 is arranged around the greenhouse 1, rainwater outside the greenhouse 1 can be blocked from penetrating into a ground surface layer in the greenhouse 1 by using the annular water blocking fence 4, so that the ground surface inside the greenhouse 1 is ensured to be kept in a dry state, in the growth process of crops in the greenhouse 1, water is directly supplied to root systems 101 of crops 100 from the ground surface by using a water supply pipe 2, so that the ground surface is ensured to be in a dry state, weeds on the ground surface are difficult to sprout or survive due to lack of water, meanwhile, the humidity of the inner space of the greenhouse 1 is kept at a lower level by using the dry ground surface, so that bacteria and insects are difficult to grow and propagate on the crops 100, the use amount of pesticides can be greatly reduced, meanwhile, a grass killer can be stopped, a great amount of labor force is not consumed, and manual weeding is not needed, and the purpose of green and environment-friendly planting is achieved; meanwhile, as the water supply pipe 2 is buried under the ground, the water supplied by the water supply pipe 2 is directly supplied to the root system 101 of the crop 100, so that the problem that a large amount of water is evaporated and lost due to ground watering in the prior art is overcome, and the water consumption is reduced; the root system 101 can obtain sufficient water supply, and the dried ground surface can facilitate soil turning and ventilation of farmers, so that the quality of agricultural products can be greatly improved. The water collecting tank 11 on the greenhouse 1 is obliquely arranged, the water outlet 12 is arranged at the lower end part of the water collecting tank 11, the water outlet 12 is connected with the water collecting container 3, rainwater is collected in the water collecting container 3 in a rainy day, water in the water collecting container 3 can be conveyed to the water supply pipe 2 when watering is carried out at ordinary times, and the water collecting container 3 is positioned above the height space of the water supply pipe 2, and gravity self-flowing water supply can be carried out by only opening the water supply electromagnetic valve 21 through the controller, so that the electric energy consumption is reduced. In the building process, the annular water blocking enclosure 4 may be an annular water blocking plate, an annular plastic film, an annular water blocking belt or an annular civil engineering water blocking wall, and the present embodiment does not limit the expression entity of the annular water blocking enclosure 4. In addition, the height dimension of the annular water blocking fence 4 in the embodiment is determined according to the growth depth of the local weed root system, so that the depth of the earth surface dry soil layer is ensured not to meet the requirement of weed growth, the burying depth of the water supply pipe 2 is determined according to the growth depth of the crop root system, and the water supply pipe 2 only supplies water to crops because the growth depth of the crop root system is larger than the growth depth of the weed root system, so that the earth surface soil layer with a specific depth is always ensured to be in a drought state, and the height dimension of the annular water blocking fence 4 and the burying depth dimension of the water supply pipe 2 are not limited.

In order to improve the anti-blocking performance, as shown in fig. 9-12, a plurality of water outlets 20 are formed on the water pipe of the drip irrigation pipe 2, a spiral groove 211 is formed on the inner pipe wall of the cylindrical drip head 21, an annular groove (not marked) is formed at the end part of the inner pipe wall of the cylindrical drip head 21, a silica gel cylinder 23 is arranged in the annular groove, a plurality of through holes 231 are formed on the silica gel cylinder 23, a pressure stabilizing outflow cavity 210 is formed between the outer pipe wall of the silica gel cylinder 23 and the annular groove, a water drain hole 212 communicated with the pressure stabilizing outflow cavity 210 is formed on the outer wall of the cylindrical drip head 21, a spiral buffer channel 200 is formed between the spiral groove 211 and the outer pipe wall of the water pipe of the drip irrigation pipe 2, the spiral buffer channel 200 is communicated with the corresponding water outlet 20, the pressure regulating cavity 201 is formed between the inner cylinder wall of the silica gel tube 23 and the outer tube wall of the water tube of the drip irrigation tube 2, the pressure regulating cavity 201 is communicated with the spiral buffer channel 200, specifically, the cylindrical dripper 21 adopted by the drip irrigation tube 2 is inlaid outside the water tube of the drip irrigation tube 2, the cylindrical dripper 21 can be inlaid outside the water tube of the drip irrigation tube 2 in a hot-melt welding mode, the spiral groove 211 in the cylindrical dripper 21 and the water tube outer wall of the drip irrigation tube 2 form the spiral buffer channel 200, the spiral buffer channel 200 replaces a turbulent flow channel formed by the dripper in the prior art, the spiral buffer channel 200 is distributed on the periphery of the drip irrigation tube 2, the length of the spiral buffer channel 200 can be effectively increased, the water flow consumption capacity is facilitated, the water pressure is reduced, the turbulent flow channel effect is realized through the spiral buffer channel 200, and the water flow stroke is increased through the spiral buffer channel 200, the energy consumption is great, so the spiral groove 211 can be much larger than the traditional embedded cylindrical dripper in size, more importantly, the spiral buffer channel 200 has no roundabout, corner and dead angle in stroke, and the precipitation and accumulation of large particles at the roundabout, corner and dead angle are avoided, so that the blockage is avoided in the flowing principle. While water is fed from the spiral buffer channel 200 into the pressure regulating cavity 201 and enters the regulated-pressure outflow cavity 210 through the through hole 231 and is output through the drain hole 212 to achieve drip irrigation. Preferably, the through hole 231 is further provided with an elastic membrane 233 capable of being opened and closed, the silica gel cylinder 23 is outwards protruded and deformed under the action of water pressure, meanwhile, the water pressure pushes the elastic membrane 233 on the silica gel cylinder 23 open, the opening angle of the elastic membrane 233 can be automatically adjusted according to different water pressures, when the water pressure of the pressure adjusting cavity 201 is small, the opening degree of the elastic membrane 233 is small or not opened, so that the water flow of the regulated-pressure outflow cavity 210 is ensured not to flow back, enough water is ensured to continuously flow out from the water drain hole 212, and the automatic adjustment of the water pressure and regulated-pressure outflow can be realized. The elastic membrane 233 may be directly formed by cutting off the excess material when the through hole 231 is formed in the silicone tube 23. In addition, in order to improve the anti-blocking performance, an anti-blocking assembly 22 is further arranged in the drain hole 212, the anti-blocking assembly 22 comprises an umbrella-shaped flexible sealing cover 221 and a connecting rod 222, the connecting rod 222 is inserted into the drain hole 212, one end part of the connecting rod 222 is connected with the umbrella-shaped flexible sealing cover 221, and the other end part is connected with the silica gel cylinder 23; the umbrella-shaped flexible cover 221 is located outside the cylindrical dripper 21 for covering the drain hole 212. Under the non-working state of the cylindrical dripper 21, the shape of the silica gel cylinder 23 is reset, and the connecting rod 222 is driven to move into the cylinder, so that the umbrella-shaped flexible sealing cover 221 just covers the water drain hole 212, and foreign objects are prevented from blocking the flow passage. Under the interaction of the silica gel tube 23 and the anti-blocking component 22, the drip irrigation pipe 2 has the following functions: 1. pressure regulating chamber: after the water in the spiral buffer channel 200 flows into the pressure regulating cavity 201 and is fully stored, the silica gel cylinder 23 is outwards protruded and deformed under the action of water pressure and drives the anti-blocking assembly 22 to move outwards, meanwhile, the water pressure pushes the elastic membrane 233, water flow enters the pressure-stabilizing outflow cavity 210, and water flow flows out of the pipe through the drain hole 212 after the pressure-stabilizing outflow cavity 210 is fully stored, so that drip irrigation operation is performed; in addition, when the pressure regulating cavity 201 is small in water pressure, the elastic membrane 233 is small in opening degree or not, so that the water flow in the outflow cavity is ensured not to flow back (enough fluid exists), the continuous outflow of the liquid outlet is ensured, and the automatic regulation of water pressure and the regulated outflow of pressure can be realized. 2. Pressure supplementation: when the water pressure is increased, the water flow speed is high, the deformation of the silica gel cylinder 23 outwards protruding from the circumference is increased, the water drain hole 212 is shielded, and the outflow speed of the water drain hole 212 is reduced; when the water pressure is low, the flow speed is low, the silica gel cylinder 23 slightly protrudes out of the cylindrical surface shape, the water outlet hole 212 is blocked to a small extent, and the outflow speed of the water outlet is high; thus ensuring that the flow of the dripper is consistent under different pressures.

Further, in order to realize automatic irrigation planting, the greenhouse system of this embodiment further includes a controller (not shown), be provided with in the water collecting container 3 with the water level detector (not shown) that the controller is connected, the lower part of water collecting container 3 is provided with the interface, interface connection has water pump 31, under the great circumstances of rainy season rainwater volume, when water level detector detects the water in the water collecting container 3 and reaches the highest aqua storage volume, then start water pump 31 (or, if water collecting container 3 is higher than the water supply transfer container, the controller opens the flood discharge solenoid valve and carries unnecessary rainwater to water supply transfer container (not shown) with the mode of flowing certainly), be convenient for adjust water between the greenhouse in different regions, after the transfer container exceeds the warning water level, open the outlet voluntarily, discharge unnecessary rainwater to places such as lake, river. In order to fully utilize rainwater to irrigate, a plurality of water supply transfer containers (not shown) can be configured for a plurality of greenhouses 1 in the same area, and the water pump 31 corresponding to each greenhouse 1 is respectively connected with the water supply transfer containers, so that in the actual water supply irrigation process, the water collecting containers 3 configured for the greenhouses 1 in the water-deficient area can take water from the water supply transfer containers, and meanwhile, part of water in the water collecting containers 3 can be conveyed into the water supply transfer containers for the greenhouses 1 in the water-deficient area, so that the influence caused by the uneven distribution of the regional rainfall can be effectively solved.

Preferably, in order to more precisely control the water supply amount of the water supply pipe 2, an upper humidity sensor 51 and a lower humidity sensor 52 are correspondingly arranged at the upper and lower parts of the water supply pipe 2; the water supply pipe 2 is connected with the water collecting container 3 through an electromagnetic valve 21, and the upper humidity sensor 51, the lower humidity sensor 52 and the electromagnetic valve 21 are respectively connected with the controller; the upper humidity sensor 51 and the lower humidity sensor 52 are both located below the surface reference level. Specifically, in the crop planting process, the water supply pipe 2, the lower humidity sensor 52 and the root system 101 of the crop 100 are buried in the soil in the greenhouse 1, the upper humidity sensor 51 is buried in the soil at the upper layer in the burying process, in the actual irrigation process, the lower humidity sensor 52 detects the peripheral humidity value to judge whether the water supply pipe 2 is needed for water supply irrigation, in the irrigation process, if the humidity detected by the upper humidity sensor 51 is greater than a set value, the water supply pipe 2 is stopped for continuous irrigation so as to ensure that the ground surface is in a dry state, the root system 101 of the crop 100 can obtain the optimal water supply amount, in addition, the root system 101 of the crop has directional water, and the deep soil contains more water, so that the root system 101 of the crop 100 can be attracted to root more deeply and underground, the crop 100 can grow in a more vigorous state, and the agricultural product with good quality is obtained.

Still further, the inside temperature sensor (not shown) that is provided with of big-arch shelter 1 with the controller is connected, big-arch shelter 1 is provided with but the vent (not shown) of switch, specifically, can real-time supervision big-arch shelter 1 temperature through temperature sensor, when the temperature in the big-arch shelter 1 is too high, will influence crops and grow fast, then there is the vent that controller control big-arch shelter 1 opened, and wherein, the vent can adopt the mode of switch door, perhaps, can adopt the heat preservation membrane, the heat preservation quilt or the heated board of slip opening big-arch shelter 1. When the temperature in the greenhouse 1 is too low, the rapid growth of crops is also affected, and then the controller controls the greenhouse 1 to close the ventilation opening and preserve heat in good time. Preferably, for the effectual photosynthesis time of extension crops, still be provided with switchable solar protection devices 6 in greenhouse 1 top, solar protection devices 6 will cooperate light sensor (not shown), at the biggest period of noon sunshine intensity, because the illumination intensity is too strong can lead to crops to stop photosynthesis instead, after light intensity that light sensor detected is greater than the setting value, controller control solar protection devices 6 open and cover greenhouse 1, reduce the light intensity in the greenhouse 1 to make crops in the greenhouse 1 continue to carry out photosynthesis, it is richer to reach the nutrition of crops, the quality is better. And the sunshade device 6 can be sunshade equipment such as sunshade net, sunshade film or sunshade board.

The invention also provides a greenhouse planting method, which adopts the greenhouse system; the method specifically comprises the following steps: the greenhouse in the greenhouse system is built on the planting ground surface, and an annular water-blocking enclosing barrier is dug around the greenhouse, so that the dry water-lack state is kept within the range of the planting ground depth D1 in the greenhouse under the action of the annular water-blocking enclosing barrier; the water supply pipe is deeply buried in the range of the planting depth D2 in the greenhouse, and the root of the planted plant reaches the periphery of the water supply pipe; in the drip irrigation process, if the humidity value detected by the lower humidity sensor is lower than a set value, the water collecting container is controlled to supply water to the water supply pipe, and when the humidity value of the upper humidity sensor is higher than the set value, the water collecting container is required to stop supplying water to the water supply pipe.

The crops 100 in the invention can be any plant with developed root systems, such as vegetables, fruit trees and the like, which can be planted in the greenhouse 1, taking the crops 100 as an example, in the process of planting grape seedlings (the root systems reach 30CM below the ground or more), or the grape seedlings grow for more than one year, when the root systems of the grape seedlings reach 40CM below the ground, grooves are dug on the ground in the greenhouse 1, the depth D2 of the grooves is in the range of 30CM-60CM, the water supply pipe 2 is buried at the depth 45CM, the lower humidity sensor 52 is buried at the depth 60CM, and in the actual operation, the upper humidity sensor 51 can be placed at the depth of 30CM from the ground surface in a layer-by-layer buried mode, so that a dry area is formed on the surface soil layer in the range of 0CM-20CM from the ground surface, the middle soil layer of 20CM-30CM is a buffer area, and the depth of the soil layer in the range of 30CM-60CM from the ground surface is a wet area, so that the drought state of the ground surface 0CM-20CM is ensured; in the process of irrigating the grapes, the controller dynamically controls the water supply pipe 2 to supply water according to the detection values of the upper humidity sensor 51 and the lower humidity sensor 52, meanwhile, the water content in the soil can be adaptively adjusted according to the needs of different growth stages of the grapes, and the optimal growth environment can be artificially provided for the grapes by matching with the adjustment of the temperature and the illumination intensity.

According to the greenhouse system and the greenhouse planting method, the annular water-blocking enclosure is arranged at the lower part of the greenhouse, and all precipitation is collected by combining with the greenhouse, so that the ground surrounded by the interior of the greenhouse cannot directly obtain water supply from the exterior of the greenhouse, the water supply pipe is buried below the ground, the buried depth of the water supply pipe is reasonably designed according to the growth depth of the root system of crops planted in the greenhouse, so that the water conveyed by the water supply pipe can ensure that soil layers near the ground depth keep a drought state under the condition of meeting the growth requirement of the crops, weeds cannot germinate or grow in soil near the ground, the purpose of no grass is realized, meanwhile, the ground in the greenhouse keeps a drought state, so that the humidity in the greenhouse is reduced, and bacteria and insects hardly grow and propagate on the crops in a dry environment, thereby achieving the effect of preventing diseases and insect pests, reducing the pesticide consumption of the greenhouse system, and achieving the purpose of green environment-friendly planting; in addition, because the water collecting container collects the water collected by the greenhouse water collecting tank in the rainy day, the water collecting container is positioned above the water supply pipe, so that the water supply pipe can be supplied with water by utilizing gravity, the consumption of electric energy is reduced, in addition, because the water supply pipe is buried in the soil layer, the evaporation amount of ground water is less, the water consumption is reduced, and the quality of agricultural products is improved. The greenhouse system can realize the purpose of no grass without herbicide, manual and animal power weeding and mechanical weeding, greatly reduces labor cost and mechanical cost, avoids the problem of pesticide residue caused by the herbicide on crops, fundamentally realizes the safety of agricultural products and food, protects the health of consumers, effectively reduces the plant diseases and insect pests of the crops at the same time, reduces the pesticide dosage for preventing and treating the plant diseases and insect pests, and achieves the purpose of green and environment-friendly planting. The harmless greenhouse can effectively reduce water consumption, automatically allocate unbalance of rainfall among areas, automatically adjust contradiction between rainfall in each time period and demand of crops, realize optimal matching, greatly save water resources, solve the problem of river and lake dryness caused by excessive development of groundwater, and reproduce graceful environment of the green water in the Qingshan; the harmless greenhouse can intelligently control the water, illumination and temperature required by the optimized climate index of crops, so that the optimization of the quality of agricultural products is realized.

Claims

1. The greenhouse system comprises a support frame and a first greenhouse film arranged on the support frame, and is characterized by further comprising a film rolling mechanism, wherein the film rolling mechanism comprises a film rolling shaft for rolling the first greenhouse film and a driving mechanism for driving the film rolling shaft to move, a rotating part for converting linear motion into rotary motion so as to drive the film rolling shaft to rotate is arranged on the film rolling shaft, a matching part for matching with the rotating part so as to drive the rotating part to rotate is also arranged on the support frame, and the lower edge of the first greenhouse film is arranged on the film rolling shaft;

wherein, the lower part of the first greenhouse film is also provided with a water collecting tank; the lower mounting surface of the greenhouse system is a ground surface reference surface; the greenhouse system further comprises a water supply pipe and a water collecting container, wherein a plurality of water outlets are formed in the pipe wall of the water supply pipe, the water collecting tank is connected with the water collecting container respectively, and the water supply pipe is connected with the water collecting container; the lower edge of the supporting frame is provided with an annular water-blocking fence, the upper part of the annular water-blocking fence is positioned above the ground surface datum plane, the lower part of the annular water-blocking fence is positioned below the ground surface datum plane, and the water supply pipe is positioned below the ground surface datum plane and lower than the annular water-blocking fence;

in addition, the annular water blocking fence is used for blocking rainwater outside the greenhouse from penetrating into a ground surface soil layer in the greenhouse from the earth surface, so that the ground surrounded by the inside of the greenhouse cannot directly obtain water supply from the outside of the greenhouse, and the earth surface inside the greenhouse is ensured to be kept in a dry and arid state.

2. The greenhouse system according to claim 1, wherein the rotating part is a gear arranged on the film winding shaft, and the matching part is a rack; or the rotating part is a chain wheel arranged on the film winding shaft, and the matching part is a chain; or the rotating part is a friction wheel arranged on the film winding shaft, and the matching part is a friction strip.

3. The greenhouse system according to claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism comprises a motor, a rotating shaft, a driving chain and a winding disc, a rotatable shaft sleeve is arranged on the film winding shaft, one end portion of the driving chain is connected with the shaft sleeve, the other end portion of the driving chain is connected with the winding disc, the motor is in driving connection with the rotating shaft, a driving sprocket is arranged on the rotating shaft, and the driving sprocket is meshed with the driving chain.

4. The greenhouse system according to claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism comprises a motor, two upper synchronizing wheels and two lower synchronizing wheels, an upper synchronizing rod is arranged between the two upper synchronizing wheels, a lower synchronizing rod is arranged between the two lower synchronizing wheels, a synchronizing connecting piece is arranged between the upper synchronizing wheels and the corresponding lower synchronizing wheels, a mounting seat is arranged on the synchronizing connecting piece, a shaft hole is arranged on the mounting seat, the film winding shaft is arranged between the two mounting seats and rotatably arranged in the shaft hole, the upper synchronizing wheels are arranged on the upper side of the top of the supporting frame, and the lower synchronizing wheels are arranged on the lower side of the top of the supporting frame.

5. The greenhouse system according to claim 1, wherein a guide rail for guiding the movement of the film winding shaft is further provided on the support frame, and an end portion of the film winding shaft is slidably provided on the guide rail.

6. The greenhouse system according to claim 1, further comprising a controller, wherein a water level detector connected with the controller is arranged in the water collecting container, an interface is arranged at the lower part of the water collecting container, a water pump is connected with the interface, and an upper humidity sensor and a lower humidity sensor are correspondingly arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the water supply pipe; the water supply pipe is connected with the water collecting container through an electromagnetic valve, and the upper humidity sensor, the lower humidity sensor and the electromagnetic valve are respectively connected with the controller; the upper humidity sensor and the lower humidity sensor are both positioned below the ground reference surface.

7. The greenhouse system according to claim 6, wherein a temperature sensor connected to the controller is provided inside the greenhouse, and wherein the greenhouse is provided with a switchable vent; and/or, a switchable sunshade device is further arranged above the greenhouse, the greenhouse system further comprises a light sensor, and the sunshade device and the light sensor are respectively connected with the controller; and/or the greenhouse system comprises a plurality of greenhouses, wherein each greenhouse is provided with the water supply pipe, the water collecting container, the water pump and the controller; the greenhouse system is also provided with a water supply transfer container, and the water pumps are respectively connected with the water supply transfer container.

8. A greenhouse planting method, characterized in that the greenhouse system as claimed in any one of claims 1-7 is adopted; the method specifically comprises the following steps: the greenhouse in the greenhouse system is built on the planting ground surface, and an annular water-blocking enclosing barrier is dug around the greenhouse, so that the dry water-lack state is kept within the range of the planting ground depth D1 in the greenhouse under the action of the annular water-blocking enclosing barrier; the water supply pipe is deeply buried in the range of the planting depth D2 in the greenhouse, and the root of the planted plant reaches the periphery of the water supply pipe; in the drip irrigation process, if the humidity value detected by the lower humidity sensor is lower than a set value, the water collecting container is controlled to supply water to the water supply pipe, and when the humidity value of the upper humidity sensor is higher than the set value, the water collecting container is required to stop supplying water to the water supply pipe.