CN107027605B

CN107027605B - Method for measuring refrigerating capacity required by cherries through semi-living body culture

Info

Publication number: CN107027605B
Application number: CN201710316948.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘珠琴; 张绍铃; 汪国云
Original assignee: Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2017-05-08
Filing date: 2017-05-08
Publication date: 2020-09-01
Anticipated expiration: 2037-05-08
Also published as: CN107027605A

Abstract

The invention provides a method for measuring the refrigeration requirement of cherries by semi-living body culture, which comprises the steps of collecting cherry branches; culturing cherry branches at low temperature; culturing cherry branches at room temperature, counting the germination rate of flower buds and leaf buds, and measuring the refrigeration requirement of the cherry, wherein the method for collecting the cherry branches comprises the steps of flattening the base parts of the branches, controlling the length of the branches to be 30-50 cm, and leaving at least 5 flower buds on each branch. The invention simulates the external conditions as much as possible by alternately applying the low-temperature culture and the room-temperature culture, effectively controls the temperature, avoids the branches from being influenced by the uncontrollable factors of the external temperature or records the external temperature by using other equipment, and provides convenience for calculating the cold quantity required.

Description

Method for measuring refrigerating capacity required by cherries through semi-living body culture

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of plant breeding, and particularly relates to a method for measuring refrigerating capacity required by cherries through semi-living body culture.

Background

The cold demand quantity is effective low-temperature hours required by natural dormancy of deciduous fruit trees, and most deciduous fruit trees can break the dormancy after accumulating certain cold demand quantity to heat. The cold requirement has important significance for properly planting deciduous fruit trees, facility cultivation and forecasting climate change.

The cherry fruits are bright in appearance and color, glittering and translucent, rich in sugar, protein, vitamins, calcium, iron, phosphorus, potassium and other elements, high in economic value and suitable for seed value in China. The mature period of the fruits can be advanced through facility cultivation, so that the economic benefit is obviously improved, but the cherries can break natural dormancy after certain cold energy is accumulated like other fruit trees, so that the cherries normally bloom and bear fruits. Therefore, only if the cooling demand of each variety of cherries is known, the variety cultivated in the facility and the time for heating the film can be selected accurately.

Most of the existing methods for measuring the cold demand of fruit trees are that branches are directly collected from the field at intervals after leaves fall, then the branches are taken back to a laboratory for illumination culture, the germination rate of flower buds or leaf buds is observed, and then the calculation is carried out according to the temperature monitored by a local meteorological office or the temperature measured by an automatic monitor. The method comprises the steps of collecting branches of a Liuren channel (Liuren channel, Liujian Jun. sweet cherry, study on cold requirement of different varieties, northern gardening, 2009 (2): 84-85) and the like, directly putting the collected branches into a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for storage, and then culturing at room temperature.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a semi-living body culture measurement method aiming at the problems of the current measurement of the cold quantity required by fruit trees, which can simulate the external environment conditions as much as possible except for controlling the temperature so as to more accurately measure the cold quantity required by cherries and provide more reliable data for production practice. The method can be used for measuring the cold requirement of other deciduous fruit trees (peaches, pears and the like), and can also provide reference for measuring the cold requirement of other plants.

Namely, the first purpose of the invention is to provide a method for measuring the refrigeration requirement of cherries by semi-living culture, which comprises the following steps:

1) collecting cherry branches;

2) culturing cherry branches at low temperature;

3) and (4) culturing the cherry branches at room temperature, counting the germination rate of flower buds and leaf buds, and determining the cold demand of the cherry.

Preferably, in the method for measuring the refrigeration requirement of the cherries by semi-living culture, the cherry branches collected in the step 1) are annual branches on the cherry trees with full flower buds after the cherry trees are dormant in the middle and the last ten days of 12 months.

Preferably, in the method for measuring the refrigeration requirement of the cherries by semi-living body culture, the method for collecting the cherry branches in the step 1) is to cut the base parts of the branches flatly, control the length of the branches to be 30-50 cm, and leave at least 5 flower buds on each branch.

Preferably, in the method for measuring the refrigeration requirement of the cherries by semi-living body culture, the low-temperature culture in the step 2) is to insert the collected branches into a container filled with culture solution and put the container into a low-temperature incubator at 4-7 ℃ for culture.

More preferably, in the method for measuring the refrigeration requirement of cherries by semi-living body culture, the illumination condition of the low-temperature culture in the step 2) is 10h/14h in day/night, and the illumination intensity is 1200 LX.

Preferably, in the method for measuring the cold demand of the cherries by semi-living culture, in the step 3), the cherry branches are cultured at room temperature, wherein the branches in the low-temperature incubator are taken out every 4 days, the base parts of the branches are cut off, so that the lower parts of the branches are exposed to fresh color, the branches are inserted into a container filled with culture solution, and then the container filled with the branches is placed into the incubator at 25 ℃ in the daytime and 15 ℃ at night for culturing for 15 days.

More preferably, in the method for measuring the refrigeration requirement of cherries by semi-living body culture, the illumination condition of the room-temperature culture is 14h/10h day/night, and the illumination intensity is 2500 LX.

Preferably, in the method for measuring the refrigeration demand of the cherry by semi-living body culture, the refrigeration demand measurement standard is that the leaf bud and flower bud germination rate reaches 50% and meets the refrigeration demand of the cherry, and then the refrigeration demand model is used for calculating the refrigeration demand of the cherry.

Preferably, in the method for measuring the refrigeration requirement of the cherries by semi-living body culture, the culture solution is a sucrose solution with the concentration of 25 g/L; the culture broth was replaced every 5 days throughout the culture period.

Compared with the prior art, the invention at least has the following advantages:

by alternately applying low-temperature culture and room-temperature culture, the external conditions are simulated as much as possible, the temperature is effectively controlled, the branches are prevented from being influenced by uncontrollable factors of the external temperature or the external temperature is recorded by other equipment, and convenience is provided for calculation of the cooling capacity required.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

1) Branch collection: after the leaves of the short-stem cherry trees and the black pearl cherry trees fall in the middle ten days of 12 months, collecting annual branches with full flower buds, cutting the base parts of the branches, controlling the length of the branches to be 50cm, and ensuring that at least 5 flower buds are left on each branch.

2) Low-temperature culture: and inserting the collected branches into a container filled with 25g/L of sucrose culture solution, and putting the container into an incubator at 4 ℃ for culture under the illumination condition of 10h/14h in day/night and the illumination intensity of 1200 LX. The nutrient solution is replaced every 5 days.

3) And (3) room-temperature culture: taking out the branches in an incubator at 4 ℃ every 4 days, shearing off the base parts of the branches to expose the fresh color at the lower parts of the branches, inserting the branches into a container filled with 25g/L of sucrose culture solution, and then putting the container filled with the branches into the incubator at 25 ℃ in the daytime, 15 ℃ in the evening, 14h/10h in the daytime/night and 2500LX illumination intensity for culture. And after 15 days, counting the germination rates of the flower buds and the leaf buds, taking the germination rates of the leaf buds and the flower buds as 50 percent as the leaf buds and the flower buds to meet the cold demand of the cherry, and calculating the cold demand of the cherry by using a cold demand model.

TABLE 14 ℃ sprouting percentage of short petiole and black pearl cherry leaf bud and flower bud (%)

Incubation time	144h	240h	336h	432h	528h	624h	720h	816h
									Bud of short stalk leaf	16.0	30.0	45.0	79.0	100
Leaf bud of black pearl	10.0	15.0	20.0	24.0	35.0	55.0	66.7	100
									Flower bud with short stalk	26.0	38.0	69.0	100
Black pearl flower bud	10.0	22.0	36.0	44.0	72.7	100

As can be seen from Table 1, the cooling capacity required by the short petiole buds is 432 hours, and the cooling capacity required by the flower buds is 336 hours; the cold requirement of the black pearl leaf buds is 624 hours, and the cold requirement of the flower buds is 528 hours.

Example 2

1) Branch collection: after the short stalk and the black pearl cherry tree fall leaves in the middle ten days of 12 months, collecting annual branches with full flower buds, cutting the base parts of the branches, controlling the length of the branches to be 50cm, and ensuring that at least 5 flower buds are left on each branch.

2) Low-temperature culture: and inserting the collected branches into a container filled with 25g/L of sucrose culture solution, and putting the container into an incubator at 7 ℃ for culture under the illumination condition of 10h/14h in day/night and the illumination intensity of 1200 LX. The nutrient solution is replaced every 5 days.

3) And (3) room-temperature culture: taking out the branches in an incubator at 7 ℃ every 4 days, shearing off the base parts of the branches to expose the fresh color at the lower parts of the branches, inserting the branches into a container filled with 25g/L of sucrose culture solution, and then putting the container filled with the branches into the incubator at 25 ℃ in the daytime, 15 ℃ in the evening, 14h/10h in the daytime/night and 2500LX illumination intensity for culture. And after 15 days, counting the germination rates of the flower buds and the leaf buds, taking the germination rates of the leaf buds and the flower buds as 50 percent as the leaf buds and the flower buds to meet the cold demand of the cherry, and calculating the cold demand of the cherry by using a cold demand model.

TABLE germination percentage (%)

As can be seen from Table 2, the cooling capacity required by the short petiole buds is 432 hours, and the cooling capacity required by the flower buds is 336 hours; the cold requirement of the black pearl leaf buds is 624 hours, and the cold requirement of the flower buds is 528 hours.

The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the cold demand of cherries by semi-living body culture is characterized by comprising the following steps:

1) collecting cherry branches;

2) culturing cherry branches at low temperature;

3) culturing cherry branches at room temperature, counting the germination rate of flower buds and leaf buds, and determining the cold demand of the cherry;

the low-temperature culture method in the step 2) comprises the steps of inserting collected branches into a container filled with culture solution, and putting the container into an incubator for culture; and (3) low-temperature culture conditions: the low temperature is 4-7 ℃, the day/night is 10h/14h, and the illumination intensity is 1200 LX; the culture solution is a sucrose solution with the concentration of 25 g/L.

2. The method for measuring the refrigeration requirement of the cherries through semi-living culture according to claim 1, wherein the cherry branches collected in the step 1) are cherry branches of cherry trees with full flower buds after the cherry trees are dormant in the middle and the last 12 months.

3. The method for measuring the refrigeration requirement of the cherries through semi-living culture according to claim 1), wherein the method for collecting the cherry branches in the step 1) is to cut the base of the branches evenly, control the length of the branches to be 50cm, and leave at least 5 flower buds on each branch.

4. The method for measuring the cold demand of the cherries by semi-living culture according to claim 1, wherein the method for culturing the cherry branches at room temperature in the step 3) comprises the steps of taking out the branches in a low-temperature incubator every 4 days, shearing off the bases of the branches to expose the lower parts of the branches to fresh colors, inserting the branches into a container filled with a culture solution, and then placing the container filled with the branches into the incubator with the daytime temperature of 25 ℃ and the night temperature of 15 ℃ for culturing for 15 days.

5. The method for measuring the refrigeration requirement of the cherries by semi-living culture according to claim 4, wherein the illumination conditions of the room temperature culture are 14h/10h day/night and the illumination intensity is 2500 LX.

6. The method for measuring the refrigeration demand of the cherries through semi-living body culture according to claim 1, wherein the refrigeration demand measurement standard is that leaf buds and flower buds meet the refrigeration demand of the cherries by taking the germination rate of the leaf buds and the flower buds as 50%, and then a refrigeration demand model is used for calculating the refrigeration demand of the cherries.

7. The method for measuring the refrigeration requirement of cherries in semi-living culture according to claim 1, wherein the culture solution is replaced every 5 days during the whole culture period.